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A1 noun #1,800 am häufigsten 6 Min. Lesezeit

امسال

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At the A1 level, 'امسال' (emsāl) is a vital vocabulary word for basic communication. It allows learners to place their simple sentences in a specific timeframe. At this stage, you should focus on using 'emsāl' with basic verbs like 'to be' (budan), 'to have' (dāshtan), and 'to go' (raftan). For example, 'Emsāl khosh-hāl hastam' (I am happy this year). You don't need to worry about complex grammar; just treat 'emsāl' as a label that tells the listener you are talking about the present year. It is one of the building blocks for talking about yourself and your immediate environment. You will mostly use it in the present tense to describe current states or simple future plans. Mastery at this level means being able to answer the question 'When?' with 'Emsāl' and using it to contrast with 'Today' or 'Tomorrow'. It's about grounding your Persian in the 'now'.

For A2 learners, 'امسال' starts to appear in more descriptive sentences. You will begin to use it with a wider range of verbs and perhaps some basic conjunctions. At this level, you can use 'emsāl' to talk about routines or changes in your life. For instance, 'Emsāl bishtar dars mikhānam' (This year I am studying more). You can also start comparing 'emsāl' with 'pārsāl' (last year) to show progress or change. Your sentences will become longer, and 'emsāl' will help you organize your thoughts chronologically. You should also be comfortable hearing 'emsāl' in simple stories or conversations about holidays and weather. It's no longer just a standalone word but a part of a larger narrative about your year.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'امسال' to express opinions, hopes, and more complex plans. You might use it in the subjunctive mood to talk about things you *hope* will happen this year: 'Omidvāram emsāl movaffaq shavam' (I hope I become successful this year). You will also encounter 'emsāl' in more varied media, such as simple news articles or social media posts. You should understand how it interacts with different tenses, including the present perfect to describe things that have happened so far this year. At this stage, you are expected to use 'emsāl' naturally in conversation without pausing to remember the word. You can also begin to notice the difference between 'emsāl' and the more formal 'sāl-e jāri' in reading materials.

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B2 learners should use 'امسال' with complete fluency and start to understand its use in idiomatic expressions or more complex sentence structures. You will use it to discuss social trends, economic issues, or detailed personal projects. For example, 'Emsāl bā tavajoh be sharāyet-e eqtesādi...' (This year, considering the economic conditions...). You should be able to follow discussions where 'emsāl' is used to set the stage for complex arguments. At this level, your vocabulary is rich enough that 'emsāl' is just one of many temporal tools at your disposal. You can use it to create contrast, emphasis, and clarity in both spoken and written Persian. You will also be able to distinguish between the subtle nuances of 'emsāl' in different Persian-speaking regions.

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At the C1 level, 'امسال' is used with sophisticated precision. You will encounter it in classical and modern literature, where it might be used as a motif for the passage of time. You should be able to use it in academic writing, though you will often choose 'sāl-e jāri' for its formal tone. In high-level debates, you might use 'emsāl' to pinpoint specific data or events within a broader historical context. You understand the etymological roots of the word and how it fits into the larger system of Persian temporal markers. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the correct intonation and placement for various rhetorical effects. You can analyze how 'emsāl' functions in complex poetic structures or legal documents.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'امسال' is absolute. You understand every nuance, from its archaic roots to its most modern slang applications. You can use it to write professional-grade reports, beautiful poetry, or persuasive speeches. You are aware of how the word has evolved over centuries and can discuss its role in the Persian language's history. For you, 'emsāl' is not just a word for 'this year'; it is a versatile tool that you can manipulate to achieve specific stylistic goals. You can effortlessly switch between 'emsāl' and its formal synonyms depending on the audience. You also understand the cultural weight the word carries during the Nowruz period and can use it to evoke specific emotions or cultural memories in your audience.

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امسال in 30 Sekunden

امسال (emsāl) means 'this year' and is used to refer to the current calendar year in Persian.
It is a compound of 'em-' (this) and 'sāl' (year), following a common Persian temporal pattern.
The word functions as both a noun and an adverb, requiring no prepositions like 'in' in English.
It is essential for A1 learners to describe current life events, weather, and immediate future plans.

The Persian word امسال (emsāl) is a fundamental temporal noun and adverb that translates directly to 'this year' in English. It is a compound word formed from the archaic prefix 'em-' (meaning 'this') and the noun 'sāl' (meaning 'year'). In the Persian language, time markers are essential for setting the context of a conversation, and 'emsāl' serves as the primary way to refer to the current Gregorian or Solar Hijri year. Understanding this word is one of the first steps for any beginner (CEFR A1) because it allows you to talk about your current life, plans, and the world around you. It is used across all registers, from the most informal street slang to the highest forms of academic and legal writing.

Grammatical Category: Noun / Adverb of Time
Core Meaning: The current calendar year

ما امسال به ایران سفر می‌کنیم.

Translation: We are traveling to Iran this year.

In Persian culture, 'emsāl' is often associated with the Persian New Year, Nowruz. When someone says 'emsāl', they are usually referring to the Solar Hijri year that began on the Spring Equinox. However, in a globalized context, it can also refer to the Gregorian year. The beauty of this word lies in its simplicity; it doesn't change based on gender or case, as Persian lacks those grammatical features. It simply sits in the sentence, usually at the beginning or after the subject, to provide a temporal anchor. For a learner, mastering 'emsāl' opens the door to discussing habits, resolutions, and upcoming events.

Pronunciation: em-sāl (Short 'e' as in 'egg', long 'ā' as in 'father')

هوا امسال خیلی گرم است.

Translation: The weather is very hot this year.

Using امسال is straightforward, but there are nuances in sentence placement and emphasis. In Persian syntax (SOV - Subject Object Verb), 'emsāl' typically appears early in the sentence. It can act as the subject of a sentence, such as 'Emsāl sāl-e khubi ast' (This year is a good year), or more commonly as an adverbial phrase indicating when an action occurs. Because Persian verbs are conjugated for tense, 'emsāl' is frequently paired with the present continuous (for ongoing states) or the future tense (for planned events later in the year).

Placement: Usually follows the subject or starts the sentence for emphasis.

امسال قصد دارم زبان فارسی یاد بگیرم.

Translation: This year, I intend to learn the Persian language.

When using 'emsāl' in negative sentences, it highlights a change from previous years. For example, 'Emsāl barf nayāmad' (This year, snow did not come) implies a contrast with years when it did snow. Furthermore, 'emsāl' can be modified by adjectives. You might hear 'emsāl-e por-barekat' (this fruitful year) in formal speeches or holiday greetings. In conversational Persian, the word is often used in isolation as an answer to 'When?' (Key?). If someone asks when you are graduating, a simple 'Emsāl' is a complete and natural response.

Common Pairing: Emsāl + [Present/Future Verb]

قیمت‌ها امسال افزایش یافته است.

Translation: Prices have increased this year.

You will encounter امسال in almost every facet of Iranian life. In the news, anchors use it to discuss economic forecasts, political developments, or environmental changes (e.g., 'Emsāl bārandegi kam bud' - This year rainfall was low). In schools, teachers use it to refer to the current academic session. In families, it's the centerpiece of discussions regarding vacation plans, weddings, or budget management. Because the Persian calendar is solar, 'emsāl' feels like a fresh start every March, making the word particularly prominent during the weeks surrounding the spring equinox.

برنامه‌ی شما برای امسال چیست؟

Translation: What is your plan for this year?

In literature and poetry, 'emsāl' can carry a more metaphorical weight, representing the 'now' or the current state of the soul. However, its most frequent use remains practical. If you are watching a Persian movie or listening to a podcast, listen for the 'em-' prefix. It’s a recurring pattern in Persian time words: 'emruz' (today), 'emshab' (tonight), and 'emsāl' (this year). This consistency makes it easier for learners to recognize the word in fast-paced speech. Whether it's a shopkeeper talking about this year's harvest or a student talking about this year's exams, 'emsāl' is the indispensable temporal marker.

Context: Business: Used in fiscal reports and annual goals.

One of the most common mistakes for English speakers learning Persian is trying to add a preposition before امسال. In English, we say 'in this year,' but in Persian, 'dar emsāl' is rarely used and sounds unnatural in most contexts. 'Emsāl' functions perfectly well on its own as an adverb. Another mistake is confusing 'emsāl' with 'sāl-e jāri'. While they both mean 'this year', 'sāl-e jāri' is much more formal and is typically reserved for official documents, news broadcasts, or business settings. Using 'sāl-e jāri' in a casual conversation with friends might make you sound like a textbook or a government official.

Incorrect: من در امسال به پاریس می‌روم.
Correct: من امسال به پاریس می‌روم.

Learners also sometimes struggle with the pronunciation of the 'ā' sound, making it too short like the 'a' in 'cat'. Remember that the 'ā' in 'sāl' is a deep, back vowel like the 'a' in 'father'. Mispronouncing this can sometimes make the word unrecognizable to native speakers. Additionally, ensure you don't confuse 'emsāl' with 'emruz' (today). While they share the same prefix, the duration they describe is vastly different. Finally, remember that 'emsāl' refers to the *entire* year, not just the current moment, so it can be used with past, present, or future tenses depending on which part of the year you are discussing.

Avoid: Adding 'dar' (in) before the word.

To truly master امسال, it is helpful to compare it with other temporal markers in the Persian language. The most immediate relatives are 'pārsāl' (last year) and 'sāl-e āyande' (next year). There is also 'pirārsāl' (the year before last). In formal contexts, as mentioned, 'sāl-e jāri' is the synonym of choice. If you want to talk about 'every year', you would use 'har sāl'. Understanding these relationships helps you build a mental map of time in Persian.

امسال vs. سال جاری: 'Emsāl' is conversational and general; 'Sāl-e jāri' is formal and administrative.
امسال vs. پارسال: 'Emsāl' is this year; 'Pārsāl' is last year. Note the 'pār-' prefix meaning 'past'.

پارسال برف زیاد بود، اما امسال نه.

Translation: Last year there was a lot of snow, but not this year.

Another interesting comparison is with 'emruz' (today) and 'emshab' (tonight). The 'em-' prefix is a fossilized version of the Old Persian word for 'this'. By learning 'emsāl', you are actually learning a pattern that applies to other words. If you know 'sāl' is year, 'ruz' is day, and 'shab' is night, the 'em-' prefix instantly tells you that you are talking about the current period. This systematic nature of Persian vocabulary is a great advantage for dedicated learners.

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Temporal adverbs placement

Compound nouns with 'em-'

Present continuous for future plans

Omission of prepositions with time words

Noun-adjective agreement (e-zāfe)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

امسال سرد است.

This year is cold.

Simple subject-predicate structure.

من امسال به مدرسه می‌روم.

I am going to school this year.

Present continuous usage.

امسال سال خوبی است.

This year is a good year.

Using 'emsāl' as a noun.

او امسال بیست ساله است.

He/She is twenty years old this year.

Age expression.

ما امسال خانه می‌خریم.

We are buying a house this year.

Future intent in present tense.

امسال باران زیاد است.

There is a lot of rain this year.

Describing weather.

آیا امسال به سفر می‌روی؟

Are you going on a trip this year?

Question form.

امسال نان گران است.

Bread is expensive this year.

Economic observation.

امسال می‌خواهم فارسی یاد بگیرم.

This year I want to learn Persian.

Using 'want' (khāstan).

دوست من امسال ازدواج می‌کند.

My friend is getting married this year.

Compound verb 'ezdevāj kardan'.

امسال در شهر ما جشن بزرگی است.

There is a big celebration in our city this year.

Locative phrase 'dar shahr-e mā'.

من امسال کار جدیدی پیدا کردم.

I found a new job this year.

Past tense 'peydā kardam'.

امسال تابستان خیلی گرم بود.

This year summer was very hot.

Past tense of 'to be'.

ما امسال به دیدن پدربزرگ می‌رویم.

We are going to see grandfather this year.

Infinitive as object.

امسال میوه‌ها خیلی شیرین هستند.

The fruits are very sweet this year.

Plural subject.

برادرم امسال از دانشگاه فارغ‌التحصیل می‌شود.

My brother is graduating from university this year.

Complex compound verb.

امیدوارم امسال وضعیت اقتصادی بهتر شود.

I hope the economic situation gets better this year.

Subjunctive mood 'shavad'.

امسال تصمیم گرفته‌ام که سیگار را ترک کنم.

This year I have decided to quit smoking.

Present perfect 'tasmim gerefte-am'.

امسال نسبت به پارسال، برف کمتری باریده است.

This year, compared to last year, less snow has fallen.

Comparative 'nesbat be'.

او امسال در مسابقات ورزشی شرکت می‌کند.

He/She is participating in sports competitions this year.

Prepositional phrase 'dar mosābeqāt'.

امسال برای اولین بار به خارج از کشور سفر کردم.

This year, for the first time, I traveled abroad.

Adverbial phrase 'barāye avvalin bār'.

دولت امسال برنامه‌های جدیدی برای آموزش دارد.

The government has new programs for education this year.

Formal subject 'dowlat'.

امسال قصد داریم خانه‌مان را بازسازی کنیم.

This year we intend to renovate our house.

Verb 'qasd dāshtan'.

آیا امسال هم مثل همیشه به شمال می‌روید؟

Are you going to the north this year too, like always?

Simile 'mesl-e hamishe'.

امسال با چالش‌های زیادی در محیط کار روبرو شدم.

This year I faced many challenges in the workplace.

Compound verb 'rubero shodan'.

تولیدات کشاورزی امسال به دلیل خشکسالی کاهش یافت.

Agricultural production decreased this year due to drought.

Causal phrase 'be dalil-e'.

امسال فرصت‌های شغلی در حوزه تکنولوژی افزایش یافته است.

Job opportunities in the technology sector have increased this year.

Present perfect passive.

او امسال توانست مدرک دکتری خود را دریافت کند.

He/She was able to receive their PhD this year.

Modal verb 'tavānestan'.

امسال شاهد تغییرات گسترده‌ای در قوانین مالیاتی هستیم.

This year we are witnessing extensive changes in tax laws.

Formal expression 'shāhed-e ... hastim'.

نمایشگاه کتاب امسال با استقبال بی‌نظیری مواجه شد.

This year's book fair was met with unprecedented welcome.

Passive construction 'movājeh shod'.

امسال تمرکز اصلی شرکت بر روی صادرات خواهد بود.

This year the company's main focus will be on exports.

Future tense 'khāhad bud'.

او امسال به عنوان بهترین بازیکن سال انتخاب شد.

He was selected as the best player of the year this year.

Appositive 'be onvān-e'.

امسال در تاریخ سیاسی کشور، نقطه‌ی عطفی محسوب می‌شود.

This year is considered a turning point in the country's political history.

Academic verb 'mahsūb shodan'.

امسال، برخلاف پیش‌بینی‌ها، نرخ تورم کمی کاهش یافت.

This year, contrary to predictions, the inflation rate decreased slightly.

Prepositional phrase 'bar-khalāf-e'.

ادبیات معاصر امسال شاهد ظهور نویسندگان نوجویی بوده است.

Contemporary literature has witnessed the emergence of innovative writers this year.

Abstract subject 'adabiyāt'.

امسال ضرورت اصلاحات ساختاری بیش از پیش احساس می‌شود.

The necessity of structural reforms is felt more than ever this year.

Adverbial 'bish az pish'.

پروژه‌های عمرانی امسال با سرعت بیشتری پیش می‌روند.

This year's development projects are progressing with greater speed.

Plural noun phrase.

امسال یادآور خاطرات تلخ و شیرین بسیاری برای ملت است.

This year is a reminder of many bitter and sweet memories for the nation.

Noun 'yād-āvar'.

سیاست‌های ارزی امسال دستخوش تغییرات بنیادین شد.

This year's currency policies underwent fundamental changes.

Idiomatic 'dastkhosh-e ... shodan'.

امسال، سالی سرنوشت‌ساز برای آینده‌ی محیط زیست خواهد بود.

This year will be a decisive year for the future of the environment.

Adjective 'sarnevesht-sāz'.

امسال، گویی زمان با شتابی مضاعف در گذر است.

This year, it seems as though time is passing with double speed.

Poetic 'gu-yi' (as if).

تحولات ژئوپلیتیک امسال، نظم جهانی را به چالش کشیده است.

This year's geopolitical developments have challenged the global order.

Complex noun phrase.

امسال در بوته‌ی نقد، عیار واقعی بسیاری از نظریه‌ها مشخص شد.

This year, in the crucible of criticism, the true value of many theories was determined.

Metaphorical 'dar bute-ye naqd'.

برآیند فعالیت‌های فرهنگی امسال، حاکی از پویایی جامعه است.

The result of this year's cultural activities indicates the dynamism of society.

Formal 'hāki az'.

امسال، پارادایم‌های فکری جدیدی در عرصه هنر شکل گرفت.

This year, new intellectual paradigms were formed in the field of art.

Loanword 'pārādāym'.

تلاطم‌های بازار سرمایه امسال، سرمایه‌گذاران را بهت‌زده کرد.

The fluctuations of the capital market this year left investors stunned.

Compound adjective 'beht-zade'.

امسال، سالی است که در آن میراث گذشتگان با نگاهی نو بازخوانی شد.

This year is a year in which the heritage of ancestors was re-read with a new perspective.

Relative clause 'ke dar ān'.

تجلی اراده‌ی ملی امسال در تمامی عرصه‌ها مشهود بود.

The manifestation of national will was evident in all fields this year.

Abstract noun 'tajalli'.

Häufige Kollokationen

امسال تابستان

برنامه‌ی امسال

بودجه‌ی امسال

امسال زمستان

کنکور امسال

عید امسال

برداشت امسال

محصول امسال

سفرهای امسال

وضعیت امسال

Häufige Phrasen

امسال چه خبر؟

امسال سالِ...

از امسال به بعد

تا آخر امسال

نیمه‌ی اول امسال

نیمه‌ی دوم امسال

امسال هم گذشت

برنامه‌ات برای امسال چیست؟

امسال خیلی زود گذشت

امسال سالِ شانس من است

Wird oft verwechselt mit

امسال vs امروز

امسال vs امشب

امسال vs پارسال

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"امسال که سالِ نکوست از بهارش پیداست"

"امسال از آن سال‌هاست"

"امسال و هر سال"

"امسال هم روی سال‌های دیگر"

"صد سال به از این سال‌ها (used during New Year)"

"امسال دستمان خالی است"

"امسال سالِ قحطی است (metaphorical)"

"امسال سالِ گاو است (zodiac)"

"امسال را به خیر بگذرانیم"

"امسال کلاهمان پسِ معرکه است"

Leicht verwechselbar

امسال vs امساله

Means 'this year's' (adjective).

امسال vs سالیانه

Means 'annually'.

امسال vs سالانه

Means 'yearly'.

امسال vs سالی

Means 'a year' or 'some year'.

امسال vs ساله

Used for age (e.g., 20-sāle).

Satzmuster

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So verwendest du es

formality

'Sāl-e jāri' is the formal alternative.

preposition

Never use 'in' (dar) with 'emsāl'.

Häufige Fehler

Using 'dar emsāl'
Persian temporal adverbs don't need 'in'.
Saying 'in emsāl'
'Em-' already means 'this'.
Short 'a' in 'sāl'
Vowel length is important in Persian.
Confusing with 'emruz'
'Emruz' is today, 'emsāl' is this year.
Using 'sāl-e jāri' in slang
'Sāl-e jāri' is too formal for casual talk.

Tipps

No Prepositions

Remember that 'emsāl' acts as its own prepositional phrase. You don't need to say 'in this year'. Just start your sentence with 'emsāl' or put it after the subject.

The 'Em-' Prefix

Learn the 'em-' prefix pattern. 'Emruz' (today), 'emshab' (tonight), 'emsāl' (this year). This will help you remember three words for the price of one!

Nowruz Context

In March, 'emsāl' is a very exciting word because it marks the start of the Persian New Year. Use it to talk about your Nowruz resolutions.

The Long A

Make sure the 'ā' in 'sāl' is long. If you make it too short, it might sound like a different word. Practice saying 'sāāāl'.

Formal Alternative

If you are writing a formal letter or an academic paper, consider using 'sāl-e jāri' instead of 'emsāl' to sound more professional.

One-Word Answer

If someone asks 'When are you graduating?', you can just say 'Emsāl'. It's a perfectly natural and complete answer in spoken Persian.

News Keywords

When listening to the news, 'emsāl' is a keyword that often precedes important statistics or forecasts. Train your ear to catch it.

Contrast with Pārsāl

A great way to practice is to make sentences comparing 'emsāl' with 'pārsāl' (last year). For example: 'Pārsāl dars khāndam, emsāl kār mikonam'.

Visual Association

Associate 'emsāl' with a picture of a new calendar. This visual cue will help you recall the word when you want to talk about the current year.

Ask Questions

Use 'emsāl' to ask people about their plans. 'Emsāl che kār mikoni?' is a great conversation starter with Persian speakers.

Einprägen

Wortherkunft

Middle Persian

Kultureller Kontext

The start of 'emsāl' is the most important cultural event.

Each 'emsāl' is associated with an animal in the Persian zodiac.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"امسال چه برنامه‌ای داری؟"

"امسال هوا چطوره؟"

"امسال عید کجا می‌ری؟"

"امسال درس می‌خونی یا کار می‌کنی؟"

"امسال سالِ چندمه؟"

Tagebuch-Impulse

هدف‌های من برای امسال...

امسال چه چیز جدیدی یاد گرفتم؟

بهترین اتفاق امسال تا الان...

امسال می‌خواهم به این جاها سفر کنم...

تفاوت امسال با پارسال برای من...

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, 'emsāl' is the direct equivalent of 'this year' in English. It refers to the current calendar year. It is used exactly like 'this year' in most contexts, but without the preposition 'in'. Native speakers use it constantly in daily life.

It is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings. However, in very formal or administrative contexts, 'sāl-e jāri' is often preferred. For everyday conversation, 'emsāl' is the standard word.

It is pronounced as 'em-sāl'. The 'em' is like the 'em' in 'empty', and 'sāl' has a long 'ā' sound like in 'father'. The stress is usually on the second syllable.

Yes, you can use it with the past tense to refer to something that happened earlier in the current year. For example, 'Emsāl barf amad' (It snowed this year). It covers the entire span of the current year.

The most common opposites are 'pārsāl' (last year) and 'sāl-e āyande' (next year). These three words form the core of talking about years in Persian.

It can function as both. As a noun, it can be the subject: 'Emsāl khub ast'. As an adverb, it tells you when: 'Emsāl be Irān miravam'.

In Persian, many temporal adverbs like 'emruz', 'emshab', and 'emsāl' do not require a preposition. Adding 'dar' (in) sounds redundant and is a common mistake for learners.

It depends on the context. In Iran, it almost always refers to the Solar Hijri year starting in March. In a Western context or when speaking with diaspora, it might refer to the Gregorian year.

No, 'in' means 'this', and 'emsāl' already contains the meaning of 'this'. So 'in emsāl' would be like saying 'this this year'. Just say 'emsāl'.

Yes, it is used in both classical and modern poetry to ground the poem in the present moment or to reflect on the passage of time.

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