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سعی کردن

A1 verb #700 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

سعی کردن

sa'y kardan Top 700

At the A1 level, 'سعی کردن' (sa'y kardan) is introduced as a basic compound verb used to express simple intentions and attempts. Students learn that it means 'to try'. At this stage, the focus is on the present tense 'سعی می‌کنم' (I try) and the simple past 'سعی کردم' (I tried). Learners are taught to use it with simple nouns or very basic verb structures. The primary goal is to help the student communicate that they are making an effort, such as 'I am trying to learn Persian'. Grammar is kept simple, often avoiding the complexities of the subjunctive mood by using it in short, isolated sentences. The word is essential for A1 learners because it allows them to express their limitations and their efforts to overcome them in a new language environment. It is one of the first compound verbs they encounter, serving as a model for how Persian verbs are built using a noun and an auxiliary verb like 'kardan'.

At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'سعی کردن' in more varied contexts and with slightly more complex grammar. This is where the 'Subjunctive Requirement' is formally introduced. A2 students learn that when 'سعی کردن' is followed by another action, that action must be in the subjunctive form (e.g., سعی می‌کنم بخوابم - I try to sleep). They also learn to use the verb in the negative form (سعی نمی‌کنم) and in simple questions. The vocabulary surrounding the verb expands to include daily activities, like trying to find a place, trying to call someone, or trying to finish homework. At this stage, the distinction between 'sa'y kardan' and 'emtehān kardan' (to try/test something) is clarified so that students don't say they are 'making an effort' to eat a sandwich when they mean they are 'tasting' it. The verb becomes a tool for describing daily routines and minor challenges.

Intermediate (B1) learners use 'سعی کردن' to express more abstract concepts and to navigate social situations. They start to understand the nuance of 'Ta'arof' where 'سعی می‌کنم' can be a polite way to say 'I will do my best' without a firm commitment. B1 students are expected to use the verb fluently in all tenses, including the present perfect (سعی کرده‌ام) and the past continuous (داشتم سعی می‌کردم). They also begin to use it with more complex sentence structures, such as using 'که' (ke) to link clauses. At this level, the learner can describe their personal goals, work-related efforts, and social interactions using this verb. They also start to recognize synonyms like 'talāsh kardan' and understand that 'sa'y' is the more neutral, everyday choice. Their ability to conjugate the verb correctly with various subjects (we, you all, they) becomes more consistent and automatic.

At the B2 level, the learner explores the stylistic uses of 'سعی کردن'. They can use it in formal writing, such as emails or reports, and understand how it functions in media and news broadcasts. B2 students are introduced to more sophisticated collocations, such as 'سعی وافر' (great effort) or 'سعی و خطا' (trial and error). They can differentiate between 'sa'y', 'talāsh', and 'kushesh' with precision, choosing the word that best fits the register of the conversation. They also learn to use the verb in the passive voice (though rare) or in more complex conditional sentences (e.g., 'If I had tried, I would have succeeded'). At this stage, the verb is no longer just a vocabulary item but a flexible tool for expressing degrees of commitment and the nature of human endeavor in various professional and social spheres.

Advanced (C1) learners use 'سعی کردن' with native-like nuance. they understand the etymological roots of the word 'سعی' and its connection to Islamic concepts like 'Sa'y' between Safa and Marwa, which adds a layer of cultural depth to the word. They can use the verb in literary contexts and understand its use in classical and modern Persian poetry. C1 students are adept at using the verb to convey subtle emotional states—frustration, persistence, or half-heartedness. They can handle complex grammatical constructions where 'سعی کردن' is part of a larger, multi-clausal sentence. They also recognize and can use idiomatic expressions involving 'sa'y', and they can engage in debates about the importance of effort versus luck, using the full range of synonyms and related terms to express their ideas eloquently and persuasively.

At the C2 level, mastery of 'سعی کردن' involves an effortless command of its use in any possible context, from the most colloquial slang to the most archaic literary forms. The learner can analyze the use of the word in the works of great Persian writers and poets, understanding how the concept of 'effort' (sa'y) has evolved in Persian thought. They can use the verb to perform complex linguistic tasks, such as simultaneous interpretation or high-level academic writing, where the choice between 'sa'y' and its synonyms can change the entire tone of a statement. At this level, the learner is also aware of the philosophical implications of the word in Persian culture, including its role in Sufi literature where the 'effort' of the seeker is a central theme. The verb is used with total grammatical accuracy and stylistic flair, reflecting a deep integration into the Persian language and culture.

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Sa'y kardan is the most common Persian verb for 'to try' or 'to make an effort'.
It is a compound verb where only the 'kardan' part is conjugated.
When followed by another verb, that verb must be in the subjunctive mood.
It is used in both formal and informal contexts across all Persian-speaking regions.

The Persian verb سعی کردن (sa'y kardan) is a fundamental compound verb that every learner must master early in their journey. At its core, it translates to 'to try', 'to attempt', or 'to make an effort'. It is composed of the noun 'سعی' (sa'y), which originates from Arabic meaning effort or endeavor, and the Persian auxiliary verb 'کردن' (kardan), meaning 'to do'. In everyday Persian, this word is the go-to expression for any situation where someone is putting in effort to achieve a result, whether that result is successful or not.

Daily Interaction: In a casual setting, you might hear a friend say they are trying to learn a new recipe or trying to arrive on time. It covers the spectrum from minor attempts to significant life efforts.

من سعی می‌کنم فارسی صحبت کنم.
(Man sa'y mikonam fārsi sohbat konam.)
I am trying to speak Persian.

The beauty of this verb lies in its versatility. Unlike more intense words like 'تلاش کردن' (talāsh kardan), which implies a more vigorous or struggling effort, 'سعی کردن' is neutral. It can be used by a student trying to solve a math problem, a child trying to tie their shoes, or a professional trying to meet a deadline. It is the most common way to express the concept of 'trying' in both spoken and written Persian.

Formal Contexts: In news reports or formal speeches, you will see this verb used to describe diplomatic efforts or governmental attempts to resolve issues. It maintains its meaning but gains a layer of official weight.

دولت سعی کرد تورم را کنترل کند.
(Dowlat sa'y kard tavarrom rā kontrol konad.)
The government tried to control inflation.

Understanding the cultural nuance is also important. Iranians often use this verb to show politeness or to soften a refusal. If someone asks for a favor that might be difficult, the respondent might say 'سعی می‌کنم' (I'll try) as a way to be helpful without making a definitive promise they might break. This makes it a key component of 'Ta'arof' (Persian etiquette).

Emotional Resonance: It is often used in personal reflections. Saying 'من سعی خودم را کردم' (I did my best/I tried my part) provides a sense of closure and personal integrity regardless of the outcome.

او همیشه سعی می‌کند مهربان باشد.
(U hamishe sa'y mikonad mehrabān bāshad.)
He always tries to be kind.

Using سعی کردن correctly requires an understanding of Persian compound verb conjugation. Since it consists of a non-verbal element (سعی) and a verbal element (کردن), only the 'کردن' part changes to reflect tense, person, and number. The word 'سعی' remains static throughout all conjugations. This structure is very common in Persian, making it a great template for learning other verbs like 'کار کردن' (to work) or 'زندگی کردن' (to live).

Present Continuous: To say 'I am trying', you use the present stem of کردن, which is 'کن' (kon), add the prefix 'می' (mi), and the personal ending 'م' (am).

دارم سعی می‌کنم در را باز کنم.
(Dāram sa'y mikonam dar rā bāz konam.)
I am (currently) trying to open the door.

One of the most important grammatical rules when using 'سعی کردن' is the 'Subjunctive Requirement'. When you try *to do* something, the second verb must be in the subjunctive mood. This usually involves adding the prefix 'بـ' (be-) to the present stem of the second verb. For example, in 'I try to read', 'to read' (khāndan) becomes 'bekhānam'. This creates a flow that is very specific to Persian syntax and is a hallmark of intermediate fluency.

Past Tense: In the past tense, we use the past stem 'کرد' (kard). To say 'I tried', you simply say 'سعی کردم' (sa'y kardam).

دیروز سعی کردیم با او تماس بگیریم.
(Diruz sa'y kardim bā u tamās begirim.)
Yesterday we tried to contact him.

Negative forms are created by adding the prefix 'نـ' (na-) to the verbal part. 'I don't try' is 'سعی نمی‌کنم' (sa'y nemikonam), and 'I didn't try' is 'سعی نکردم' (sa'y nakardam). Notice how the 'na' attaches to the 'mi' or the 'kard', never to the 'sa'y'. This distinction is crucial for maintaining the compound verb structure. In questions, the word order remains the same, but the intonation rises at the end of the sentence, or you can add 'آیا' (āyā) at the beginning for formal writing.

Future Tense: The formal future uses 'خواهـ' (khāh-) followed by the short infinitive. 'I will try' becomes 'سعی خواهم کرد'.

فردا دوباره سعی خواهم کرد.
(Fardā dobāre sa'y khāham kard.)
I will try again tomorrow.

If you walk down the streets of Tehran or listen to a Persian podcast, سعی کردن will be everywhere. It is one of those 'utility' verbs that functions as the connective tissue of daily conversation. You'll hear it in the metro when someone is trying to push through the crowd ('سعی می‌کنم رد بشم' - I'm trying to pass), in classrooms where teachers encourage students ('سعی کن تمرکز کنی' - Try to focus), and in heartfelt conversations between family members.

In the Workplace: Managers use it to set expectations. 'سعی کنید تا فردا تمامش کنید' (Try to finish it by tomorrow). It's a softer way of giving an order than using 'must'.

ما سعی می‌کنیم بهترین خدمات را ارائه دهیم.
(Mā sa'y mikonam behtarin khadamāt rā erā'e dahim.)
We try to provide the best services.

In Persian cinema and TV dramas, this verb often appears in moments of conflict or reconciliation. A character might say, 'من فقط سعی کردم کمک کنم' (I only tried to help), which is a classic defensive line. It's also very common in Persian pop music lyrics, where singers talk about trying to forget a lost love or trying to reach their beloved. The word carries a sense of human vulnerability—the act of attempting something without the guarantee of success.

In News and Media: Journalists use it to describe international relations. 'کشورها سعی دارند به توافق برسند' (Countries are trying to reach an agreement).

پلیس سعی کرد جمعیت را آرام کند.
(Polis sa'y kard jam'iyat rā ārām konad.)
The police tried to calm the crowd.

Social media is another place where 'سعی کردن' thrives. You'll see it in captions like 'سعی کن هر روز بهتر از دیروز باشی' (Try to be better every day than yesterday). It’s used in motivational contexts, advice columns, and even in technical support forums where users describe what they 'tried' to do before a system crashed. Because it is so ubiquitous, hearing it becomes second nature to anyone living in a Persian-speaking environment.

Customer Service: When calling a support line, you might hear: 'سعی می‌کنیم مشکل شما را حل کنیم' (We are trying to solve your problem).

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using سعی کردن is forgetting the subjunctive mood for the following verb. In English, we say 'I try *to go*', using an infinitive. In Persian, you cannot use the infinitive (رفتن) after 'سعی کردن'. You must use the subjunctive (بروم). Saying 'سعی می‌کنم رفتن' is grammatically incorrect and sounds very unnatural to native speakers.

Mistake: Wrong Verb Form: Incorrect: سعی می‌کنم خواندن کتاب (Sa'y mikonam khāndan-e ketāb).
Correct: سعی می‌کنم کتاب را بخوانم (Sa'y mikonam ketāb rā bekhānam).

نباید بگویید: سعی کردم دیدن. بلکه بگویید: سعی کردم ببینم.
(Don't say: I tried to see [infinitive]. Say: I tried to see [subjunctive].)

Another common error involves the placement of the negative particle 'نـ' (na-). Because this is a compound verb, some learners mistakenly put the 'na' before 'سعی'. However, the negation must always be attached to the auxiliary verb 'کردن'. So, 'I didn't try' is 'سعی نکردم', not 'نسعی کردم'. This is a rule that applies to all Persian compound verbs, but since 'سعی کردن' is used so often, the mistake is particularly noticeable here.

Mistake: Confusion with 'Talāsh': Learners often use 'سعی کردن' when they actually mean 'تلاش کردن' (to strive/struggle). While often interchangeable, 'سعی' is a general attempt, while 'تلاش' implies hard work and perseverance.

برای موفقیت باید تلاش کرد، نه فقط سعی.
(For success, one must strive [talāsh], not just try [sa'y].)

Lastly, be careful with the preposition 'برای' (barāye - for). In English, we might say 'I tried for an hour'. In Persian, you don't usually use 'برای' with 'سعی کردن' in that way. You would say 'یک ساعت سعی کردم' (I tried [for] an hour) or 'سعی کردم که...' (I tried to...). Adding unnecessary prepositions is a common 'translation-ese' mistake that makes your Persian sound like it's being filtered through English grammar.

Preposition Overuse: Avoid: سعی کردم برای رفتن. Use: سعی کردم بروم.

While سعی کردن is the most common way to say 'to try', Persian offers several alternatives that carry different shades of meaning. Choosing the right one can elevate your speaking from basic to nuanced. The most frequent alternative is تلاش کردن (talāsh kardan). While 'sa'y' is a simple attempt, 'talāsh' implies a much higher level of effort, often involving struggle or hard work. You 'sa'y' to remember a name, but you 'talāsh' to win a marathon.

Comparison: Sa'y vs. Talāsh: Sa'y: A general attempt. 'I tried the door.'
Talāsh: Striving. 'I struggled to survive.'

او برای رسیدن به هدفش تلاش زیادی کرد.
(He made a lot of effort [talāsh] to reach his goal.)

Another alternative is کوشش کردن (kushesh kardan). This is slightly more formal and literary than 'sa'y کردن'. It is often found in books, poetry, and formal speeches. It carries a sense of 'endeavor' or 'diligent effort'. If you are writing an academic paper or a formal letter, 'کوشش' might be a more sophisticated choice than 'سعی'.

Comparison: Sa'y vs. Kushesh: Sa'y: Common, everyday usage.
Kushesh: Formal, literary, implies systematic effort.

دانشمندان در کوشش هستند تا داروی جدیدی بسازند.
(Scientists are endeavoring [kushesh] to create a new drug.)

For specific contexts, you might use امتحان کردن (emtehān kardan), which means 'to try' in the sense of 'to test' or 'to try out'. You use this for food, clothes, or a new method. You wouldn't 'sa'y' a pizza; you would 'emtehān' it. Similarly, قصد داشتن (ghasd dāshtan) means 'to intend to', which is sometimes what people mean when they say they are 'trying' to do something in the future.

Comparison: Sa'y vs. Emtehān: Sa'y: Effort-based try. 'I tried to run.'
Emtehān: Test-based try. 'I tried the cake.'

این لباس را امتحان کن.
(Try [test/wear] this dress.)

How Formal Is It?

Formell

"جناب عالی باید سعی وافری در این زمینه مبذول فرمایید."

Neutral

"من سعی می‌کنم فردا کتاب را برایت بیاورم."

Informell

"سعی کن دیگه این کارو نکنی."

Child friendly

"کوچولو، سعی کن قاشق رو خودت بگیری."

Umgangssprache

"الکی سعی نکن، نمی‌شه."

Wusstest du?

The word is also used to describe one of the central rituals of the Hajj pilgrimage, where pilgrims walk between the hills of Safa and Marwa seven times.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /sæʔj kɜːdæn/

US /sæɪ kɑːrdæn/

The stress is on the first syllable of the auxiliary verb: 'kar-DAN'.

Reimt sich auf

گردن (gardan) بردن (bordan) خوردن (khordan) مردن (mordan) آوردن (āvordan) سپردن (sepordan) فشردن (feshordan) شمردن (shemordan)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'sa'y' as two syllables (sa-ee). It is one syllable with a glottal stop.
Over-emphasizing the 'y' at the end of 'sa'y'.
Stress on the 'sa'y' instead of the 'kardan'.
Failing to pronounce the 'r' in 'kardan' clearly.
Mixing up the vowel in 'sa' with 'say' (English word).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 1/5

Very easy to recognize as it is a common compound verb.

Schreiben 2/5

Requires remembering the 'ay' (ع) spelling and the subjunctive for following verbs.

Sprechen 1/5

Very natural and easy to incorporate into basic speech.

Hören 1/5

Commonly heard and usually clear in pronunciation.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

کردن (to do) من (I) تو (you) کار (work) درس (lesson)

Als Nächstes lernen

تلاش کردن (to strive) کوشش کردن (to endeavor) توانستن (to be able to) خواستن (to want)

Fortgeschritten

اهتمام (attention/effort) جدیت (seriousness) پشتکار (perseverance)

Wichtige Grammatik

Compound Verb Conjugation

Only 'kardan' changes: سعی می‌کنم, سعی کردی, سعی خواهند کرد.

Subjunctive Requirement

سعی می‌کنم + [بـ + stem + ending]: سعی می‌کنم بروم.

Negation Placement

Add 'na' to 'kardan': سعی نکردم (NOT نسعی کردم).

Present Continuous with 'Dāshtan'

دارم سعی می‌کنم (I am currently trying).

Future Tense Construction

سعی خواهم کرد (I will try).

Beispiele nach Niveau

من سعی می‌کنم.

I try.

Simple present tense of the compound verb.

او سعی کرد.

He/She tried.

Simple past tense.

سعی کن!

Try! (Imperative)

Imperative form: Noun + present stem (kon).

ما سعی می‌کنیم فارسی حرف بزنیم.

We try to speak Persian.

Present tense with a following verb in the subjunctive.

آن‌ها سعی کردند بیایند.

They tried to come.

Past tense with a following verb in the subjunctive.

سعی نمی‌کنم.

I don't try.

Negative present tense.

آیا سعی کردی؟

Did you try?

Simple past question.

سعی می‌کنیم زود برسیم.

We try to arrive early.

Present tense with the adverb 'zud' (early).

سعی می‌کنم فردا به تو زنگ بزنم.

I will try to call you tomorrow.

Present tense used for near future intent.

او سعی کرد در را باز کند اما نتوانست.

He tried to open the door but couldn't.

Contrast between 'tried' and 'couldn't'.

باید سعی کنی غذای سالم بخوری.

You must try to eat healthy food.

Modal 'bāyad' (must) followed by the verb.

آن‌ها سعی می‌کنند زبان جدیدی یاد بگیرند.

They are trying to learn a new language.

Present continuous meaning.

سعی نکردم او را ناراحت کنم.

I didn't try to make him/her sad.

Negative past tense.

همیشه سعی کن مهربان باشی.

Always try to be kind.

Adverb 'hamishe' (always) with imperative.

سعی کردیم آدرس را پیدا کنیم.

We tried to find the address.

Compound verb 'peydā kardan' in subjunctive.

او سعی می‌کند هر روز ورزش کند.

He tries to exercise every day.

Habitual action in the present tense.

من دارم سعی می‌کنم این مسئله را حل کنم.

I am (currently) trying to solve this problem.

Present continuous with 'dāram'.

او سال‌ها سعی کرده است که سیگار را ترک کند.

He has tried for years to quit smoking.

Present perfect tense (sa'y karde ast).

سعی می‌کردم به او بگویم که چه اتفاقی افتاده است.

I was trying to tell him what had happened.

Past continuous tense (sa'y mikardam).

اگر سعی کنی، حتماً موفق می‌شوی.

If you try, you will definitely succeed.

Conditional sentence type 1.

سعی کن قبل از غروب آفتاب به خانه برگردی.

Try to return home before sunset.

Prepositional phrase 'ghabl az' (before).

او سعی داشت خودش را آرام نشان دهد.

He was trying to appear calm.

Using 'sa'y dāsht' as a variant of past continuous.

ما سعی کردیم از ترافیک دوری کنیم.

We tried to avoid the traffic.

Verb 'duri kardan' (to avoid) in subjunctive.

سعی می‌کنم تا جایی که ممکن است کمک کنم.

I try to help as much as possible.

Idiomatic phrase 'tā jāyi ke momken ast'.

دولت سعی دارد روابط خود را با همسایگان بهبود بخشد.

The government is trying to improve its relations with neighbors.

Formal register with 'behbūd bakhshad'.

او با وجود خستگی، سعی کرد به کارش ادامه دهد.

Despite being tired, he tried to continue his work.

Conjunction 'bā vojud-e' (despite).

سعی کن در برخورد با دیگران صبور باشی.

Try to be patient in dealing with others.

Abstract noun 'barkhord' (dealing/interaction).

آن‌ها سعی کردند حقیقت را از مردم پنهان کنند.

They tried to hide the truth from the people.

Verb 'panhān kardan' (to hide).

باید سعی کنیم مصرف آب را کاهش دهیم.

We must try to reduce water consumption.

Environmental context, formal vocabulary.

او سعی می‌کرد با لبخندی تلخ دردش را بپوشاند.

He was trying to cover his pain with a bitter smile.

Literary description with 'labkhand-e talkh'.

سعی کردم او را متقاعد کنم که با ما بیاید.

I tried to convince him to come with us.

Verb 'motaghā'ed kardan' (to convince).

او تمام سعی خود را کرد تا در امتحان قبول شود.

He made all his effort to pass the exam.

سعی کنید از اشتباهات گذشته درس بگیرید.

Try to learn from past mistakes.

Instructional tone.

نویسنده سعی دارد در این کتاب به بررسی ریشه‌های فقر بپردازد.

The author attempts to examine the roots of poverty in this book.

Academic register using 'be barrasi pardākhtan'.

او بیهوده سعی می‌کرد خاطرات تلخ گذشته را فراموش کند.

He was trying in vain to forget the bitter memories of the past.

Adverb 'bihude' (in vain).

سعی ما بر این است که محیطی امن برای همه فراهم کنیم.

Our effort is to provide a safe environment for everyone.

Noun form 'sa'y-e mā' used as a subject.

او با سعی و کوشش فراوان توانست به قله‌های موفقیت دست یابد.

With great effort and endeavor, he was able to reach the heights of success.

Hendiadys: 'sa'y o kushesh'.

سعی نکن با کلمات بازی کنی؛ حقیقت را بگو.

Don't try to play with words; tell the truth.

Idiomatic 'bā kalemāt bāzi kardan'.

هر چه بیشتر سعی می‌کرد، کمتر نتیجه می‌گرفت.

The more he tried, the less result he got.

Correlative construction 'har che... kamtar'.

او سعی داشت با استفاده از استعاره، مقصود خود را بیان کند.

He was trying to express his intention using metaphors.

Literary context.

سعی بر آن بوده است که تمامی جوانب موضوع در نظر گرفته شود.

The effort has been to consider all aspects of the subject.

Passive-like formal construction.

در این جستار، سعی بر آن است که تضادهای درونی متن واکاوی شود.

In this essay, the attempt is to analyze the internal contradictions of the text.

Highly academic/literary register.

او با سعی بلیغ خود، توانست نظر مخالفان را جلب کند.

With his eloquent effort, he was able to win over the opponents.

Archaic/Formal adjective 'baligh'.

سعیِ باطل مکن که سرنوشت را نمی‌توان تغییر داد.

Do not make a futile effort, for fate cannot be changed.

Philosophical/Poetic tone.

عارفان در سعیِ دائم برای رسیدن به کمال هستند.

Mystics are in constant effort to reach perfection.

Spiritual/Sufi context.

او سعی وافری مبذول داشت تا صلح را در منطقه برقرار کند.

He exerted a vast effort to establish peace in the region.

Formal idiom 'sa'y-e vāfari mabzul dāsht'.

این فیلم سعی دارد مرز بین واقعیت و خیال را کمرنگ کند.

This film attempts to blur the line between reality and fantasy.

Artistic/Critical analysis.

سعیِ نابرجا تنها باعث اتلاف وقت و انرژی می‌شود.

Misplaced effort only leads to the waste of time and energy.

Formal adjective 'nābarjā'.

او در سعیِ خود برای احقاق حق، از هیچ تلاشی فروگذار نکرد.

In his effort to realize justice, he spared no exertion.

Legal/Formal register.

Häufige Kollokationen

سعی وافر

تمام سعی

سعی و خطا

سعی بیهوده

سعی جدی

سعی و کوشش

سعی مضاعف

سعی نافرجام

سعیِ بلیغ

سعیِ مشکور

Häufige Phrasen

سعی کن!

سعی خودم را کردم.

سعی می‌کنم.

بی‌سعی

سعی در کاری داشتن

به قدر سعی

سعیِ بی‌فایده

در سعی بودن

سعی بر این است

سعیِ دوباره

Wird oft verwechselt mit

سعی کردن vs تلاش کردن

Talāsh is more intense; Sa'y is more general.

سعی کردن vs امتحان کردن

Emtehān is for testing/tasting; Sa'y is for effort.

سعی کردن vs قصد داشتن

Ghasd is about intention; Sa'y is about the act of trying.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"سعی و خطا"

Trial and error. Learning by making mistakes.

این روش بر اساس سعی و خطا است.

Neutral

"تمام سعی خود را به کار بستن"

To put all one's effort into something.

او تمام سعی خود را به کار بست تا برنده شود.

Formal

"سعیِ باطل"

A futile attempt; beating a dead horse.

سعی باطل مکن، او برنمی‌گردد.

Literary

"سعیِ جمیل"

A beautiful or noble effort.

این کار شما سعی جمیلی بود.

Archaic/Religious

"سعیِ بین صفا و مروه"

The ritual walking between Safa and Marwa during Hajj.

حجاج سعی بین صفا و مروه را انجام دادند.

Religious

"سعیِ بلیغ کردن"

To make a very eloquent or persuasive effort.

او سعی بلیغ کرد تا ما را راضی کند.

Formal

"بی‌سعی و منت"

Without effort or being indebted to anyone.

این موفقیت بی‌سعی و منت به دست نیامد.

Literary

"سعیِ مشکور"

An effort that is appreciated (often by God).

خداوند سعی شما را مشکور گرداند.

Religious

"در سعیِ خود بودن"

To be busy with one's own efforts/affairs.

هر کسی در سعی خود است.

Neutral

"سعیِ نابرجا"

Effort in the wrong place or time.

سعی نابرجا باعث شکست شد.

Formal

Leicht verwechselbar

سعی کردن vs تلاش

Both mean 'effort'.

Talāsh implies a struggle or great exertion, while Sa'y is a neutral attempt.

برای زندگی تلاش کرد؛ برای باز کردن در سعی کرد.

سعی کردن vs کوشش

Both mean 'effort'.

Kushesh is more formal and often refers to a systematic or long-term endeavor.

کوشش‌های علمی دانشمندان.

سعی کردن vs امتحان

Both translate to 'try' in English.

Emtehān is 'to test' (a car, a cake). Sa'y is 'to attempt' (to run, to speak).

این کیک را امتحان کن (Try this cake).

سعی کردن vs مبارزه

Sometimes 'trying' involves 'fighting'.

Mobāreze is 'to fight' or 'to struggle against'. Sa'y is just 'to try'.

مبارزه با بیماری.

سعی کردن vs تمرین

Both involve repetitive effort.

Tamrin is 'to practice'. Sa'y is the specific attempt within that practice.

سعی کن تمرین کنی.

Satzmuster

من سعی می‌کنم.

سعی کن + [Subjunctive].

سعی کن بخوابی.

او سعی کرد + [Subjunctive].

او سعی کرد بیاید.

دارم سعی می‌کنم + [Subjunctive].

دارم سعی می‌کنم بفهمم.

سعی کرده‌ام + [Subjunctive].

سعی کرده‌ام ورزش کنم.

باید سعی کرد که + [Subjunctive].

باید سعی کرد که موفق شد.

سعی بر این است که + [Subjunctive].

سعی بر این است که صلح برقرار شود.

با سعیِ [Adjective] + [Verb].

با سعیِ بلیغ توانست پیروز شود.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

Verben

Adjektive

Verwandt

So verwendest du es

frequency

Extremely high; among the top 100 most used verbs in Persian.

Häufige Fehler

سعی می‌کنم رفتن → سعی می‌کنم بروم
You must use the subjunctive mood, not the infinitive, after 'sa'y kardan'.
نسعی کردم → سعی نکردم
The negation 'na' must be attached to the auxiliary verb 'kard', not the noun 'sa'y'.
سعی کردم برای غذا → سعی کردم غذا بپزم
Don't use 'barāye' (for) as a direct translation of 'tried for'. Use a verb.
سعی کردم این کیک را → این کیک را امتحان کردم
Use 'emtehān kardan' for trying/testing food or objects.
سعی می‌کنم که او بیاید → سعی می‌کنم او را بیاورم
If you are the one making the effort, the structure should reflect your action.

Tipps

Master the Subjunctive

The most important part of using this verb is the subjunctive. Practice 'sa'y mikonam' with various verbs like 'bekhānam', 'berovam', and 'bebinam'.

Learn the Hendiadys

Persian loves pairs. Learn 'sa'y o kushesh' as a single unit meaning 'diligent effort'.

Polite Refusals

If you can't do something, say 'sa'y mikonam' instead of 'no'. It's much more culturally appropriate.

Formal Alternatives

In essays, replace 'sa'y kardan' with 'اهتمام ورزیدن' to sound more academic.

Identify the Auxiliary

Focus on the 'kardan' part to understand the tense. The 'sa'y' part never changes.

Religious Context

Be aware of the Hajj ritual called 'Sa'y' to understand the word's deeper cultural roots.

Sigh and Try

Remember: You 'Sigh' (Sa'y) when you 'Try' and fail.

The Glottal Stop

The 'ع' in 'sa'y' is a slight catch in the throat. Don't overdo it, but don't ignore it.

Trial and Error

Learn 'sa'y o khatā'. It's very useful for describing learning processes.

Household Chores

Use 'sa'y mikonam' when talking about cleaning or fixing things around the house.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of the word 'Sigh'. When you 'try' really hard and fail, you might 'Sigh' (Sa'y).

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a person trying to push a heavy 'S' shaped stone up a hill. The 'S' stands for 'Sa'y'.

Word Web

Effort Attempt Try Strive Goal Action Success Failure

Herausforderung

Try to use 'sa'y mikonam' three times today: once for a small task, once for a learning goal, and once when someone asks you for a favor.

Wortherkunft

The word 'سعی' is borrowed from Arabic (sa'y), meaning to walk fast, to run, or to strive. It was incorporated into Persian and combined with the native Persian auxiliary verb 'کردن'.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: In Arabic, it originally referred to the act of walking quickly or running, particularly in a religious or purposeful context.

Semitic (root) + Indo-European (auxiliary).

Kultureller Kontext

None. It is a very safe and neutral word.

English speakers often use 'try' casually. In Persian, 'sa'y' is also casual, but 'talāsh' is preferred for serious life goals.

Sa'y-e bin-e Safā o Marve (Hajj ritual) Poem by Parvin E'tesami about the effort of the ant. Modern song 'Sa'y Kon' by various pop artists.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Education

سعی کن درس بخوانی
سعی در یادگیری
سعی برای نمره بهتر
سعی کن تمرکز کنی

Work

سعی می‌کنم پروژه را تمام کنم
سعی در بهبود کیفیت
سعی برای ارتقا
سعی کنید وقت‌شناس باشید

Relationships

سعی می‌کنم درکت کنم
سعی برای آشتی
سعی کن مهربان باشی
سعی کردم کمک کنم

Health

سعی در کاهش وزن
سعی برای ترک سیگار
سعی کن ورزش کنی
سعی می‌کنم سالم بخورم

Travel

سعی کردیم آدرس را پیدا کنیم
سعی برای رزرو هتل
سعی کن زود برسی
سعی می‌کنم فارسی حرف بزنم

Gesprächseinstiege

"آیا تا به حال سعی کرده‌ای یک ساز موسیقی یاد بگیری؟ (Have you ever tried to learn a musical instrument?)"

"برای یادگیری زبان فارسی چقدر سعی می‌کنی؟ (How much effort do you put into learning Persian?)"

"سعی می‌کنی در اوقات فراغت چه کارهایی انجام دهی؟ (What things do you try to do in your free time?)"

"آیا سعی کرده‌ای غذای ایرانی بپزی؟ (Have you tried cooking Persian food?)"

"چطور سعی می‌کنی استرس خود را کنترل کنی؟ (How do you try to control your stress?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

امروز برای چه چیزی سعی کردی؟ (What did you try for today?)

یک بار که خیلی سعی کردی و موفق شدی را توصیف کن. (Describe a time you tried hard and succeeded.)

آیا چیزی هست که بخواهی امتحان کنی اما می‌ترسی؟ (Is there something you want to try but are afraid of?)

چگونه سعی می‌کنی هر روز آدم بهتری باشی؟ (How do you try to be a better person every day?)

درباره اهمیت سعی و کوشش در زندگی بنویس. (Write about the importance of effort in life.)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, you can use it alone. For example, 'Man sa'y mikonam' (I am trying). However, if you specify what you are trying to do, you need a second verb in the subjunctive.

Sa'y is a general attempt. Talāsh is a more vigorous, often difficult effort. Think of 'sa'y' as 'try' and 'talāsh' as 'strive'.

You say 'Man tamām-e sa'y-e khodam rā kardam' (I did all my effort).

Yes, the noun 'sa'y' is Arabic, but 'sa'y kardan' is a Persian compound verb.

No, that sounds like a direct translation from English. Use the subjunctive: 'sa'y mikonam berovam'.

Use 'khāham' + the short infinitive: 'sa'y khāham kard'.

Singular: 'sa'y kon'. Plural/Formal: 'sa'y konid'.

Yes, 'sa'y' means 'effort'. Example: 'Sa'y-e u natije dād' (His effort gave a result).

Frequently. Poets often talk about the 'sa'y' of the lover or the 'sa'y' of the seeker of knowledge.

Add 'na' to 'kardam': 'sa'y nakardam'.