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निर्भर करना

B1 verb 8 Min. Lesezeit

निर्भर करना

To rely on or be dependent on something/someone; to depend.

nirbhar karna

At the A1 level, you should focus on the simplest form of 'nirbhar'. Think of it as 'depending on someone' for basic needs. At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex tenses. Just remember the structure: 'I [Person] par nirbhar hoon' (I am dependent on [Person]). Usually, A1 learners use 'nirbhar hona' (to be dependent) more than 'nirbhar karna' (to depend). You might use it to talk about your family or your job. For example, 'I depend on my father' is 'Main apne pita par nirbhar hoon'. The key is to always remember the word 'par' (on). Without 'par', the sentence won't make sense. Don't worry about abstract concepts like 'the economy' yet; just focus on people and simple things like 'weather' (mausam).

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'nirbhar karna' in simple present and future tenses. You should be able to say things like 'It depends on the time' (Yeh samay par nirbhar karta hai). You are moving from just describing yourself to describing how one thing affects another. You might use it to explain why you can't do something: 'My going depends on the rain' (Mera jaana baarish par nirbhar karta hai). Notice how we start using verbs as nouns here. You should also be comfortable with the feminine form 'karti hai' when the subject is feminine, like 'kismat' (luck). Practice saying 'Everything depends on luck' as 'Sab kuch kismat par nirbhar karta hai'. This level is about making these connections between two simple nouns.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'nirbhar karna' to discuss more abstract ideas and professional situations. You should be able to use it in various tenses, including the past and the conditional. For example, 'The project's success depended on our teamwork' (Project ki safalta hamari teamwork par nirbhar karti thi). You should also understand the difference between 'nirbhar karna' and synonyms like 'aashrit hona'. At this stage, you can use the verb to express contingency in more complex sentences using 'agar' (if). 'If the price increases, our budget will depend on the new rates.' You should also be familiar with the noun form 'nirbharta' (dependence) and how to use it in sentences like 'Humari nirbharta kam honi chahiye' (Our dependence should decrease).

At the B2 level, you should use 'nirbhar karna' with nuance in debates and detailed discussions. You can talk about systemic dependencies, such as how a country's energy security depends on renewable sources. You should be comfortable using the verb in the passive voice or in complex grammatical structures like 'nirbhar karte hue' (while depending). For example, 'Videshi sahayata par nirbhar karte hue, desh ne pragati ki' (Depending on foreign aid, the country made progress). You should also be able to distinguish between 'nirbhar karna' and 'tika hona' (to be resting on) to add color to your speech. Your vocabulary should include related terms like 'paraspar nirbhar' (interdependent). You can now use the word to describe complex cause-and-effect chains in social or scientific contexts.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'nirbhar karna' should be indistinguishable from a native speaker's. you should be able to use it in literary or highly formal contexts. You might use the Sanskritized 'aashrit' or 'avalambit' in formal writing to show sophistication. You can discuss philosophical concepts of interdependence (anyonyashray) and how human existence 'nirbhar karta hai' on the delicate balance of nature. You should be able to handle complex sentence structures where the dependence is not just on a noun but on a whole clause. You also understand the cultural weight of the word, such as its use in political slogans like 'Aatmanirbhar Bharat', and can critique or discuss these concepts using the verb and its derivatives fluently in high-level discourse.

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At the C2 level, you possess a masterly control over 'nirbhar karna' and all its subtle variations. You can use the word in poetry, technical legal documents, or deep philosophical treatises. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its Sanskrit roots and can use archaic or highly specialized synonyms when appropriate. You can play with the word in puns or sophisticated rhetoric. You are capable of explaining the minute differences between 'nirbhar', 'aashrit', 'tika', 'mabni' (Urdu origin), and 'aadharit' in a way that captures the exact shade of meaning required for a specific context. Your usage reflects a deep understanding of Hindi's relationship with other languages like Sanskrit and Persian, and you can navigate the sociolinguistic implications of choosing one synonym over another.

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निर्भर करना in 30 Sekunden

Means 'to depend' or 'to rely' in Hindi.
Always used with the postposition 'पर' (par).
Conjugated using 'karna' (karta hai, kiya, karega).
Used for both people and abstract concepts like 'weather' or 'success'.

The Hindi verb निर्भर करना (nirbhar karnā) is a foundational expression used to describe dependency, reliance, or the contingency of one thing upon another. In its most literal sense, it translates to 'to depend' or 'to rely.' Derived from the Sanskrit roots where 'nir' suggests a connection and 'bhar' relates to weight or bearing, the word evokes the image of one's weight or burden being supported by something else. This is a crucial concept in Hindi, reflecting not just physical needs but also emotional, financial, and logical connections. Whether you are talking about a child relying on their parents or a country's economy depending on international trade, this verb is the primary vehicle for that thought.

Core Usage: It is almost always paired with the postposition पर (par), meaning 'on'. So, you depend 'on' something: [Object] पर निर्भर करना.

In daily conversation, Indians use this word to express uncertainty or to defer a decision. If someone asks if you are coming to a party, you might say, 'It depends on the work,' which in Hindi becomes 'यह काम पर निर्भर करता है' (Yeh kaam par nirbhar karta hai). It strikes a balance between formal and neutral registers, making it appropriate for both professional meetings and family discussions. Unlike the English 'rely,' which can sometimes imply a choice, निर्भर करना often describes a fundamental state of being or a logical necessity.

हमारी सफलता हमारी कड़ी मेहनत पर निर्भर करती है। (Our success depends on our hard work.)

Historically, the concept of interdependence is deeply rooted in Indian social structures, such as the joint family system. Therefore, expressing reliance isn't necessarily seen as a weakness but as a natural part of social cohesion. However, in modern contexts, especially in political discourse, you will often hear the opposite term आत्मनिर्भर (aatmanirbhar), meaning 'self-reliant,' which has become a national slogan in India. Understanding 'nirbhar' is the first step to understanding this entire spectrum of independence and dependence in the Hindi-speaking world.

Contextual Nuance: While 'bharosa karna' means to trust, 'nirbhar karna' is about the structural necessity of another party for survival or completion of a task.

पौधे सूरज की रोशनी पर निर्भर करते हैं। (Plants depend on sunlight.)

Mastering निर्भर करना requires a firm grasp of Hindi verb conjugation and the use of the postposition 'पर' (par). Because it is a 'karna' verb (a compound verb formed with a noun/adjective and 'to do'), the conjugation happens entirely on the 'karna' part, while 'nirbhar' remains static. The subject of the sentence is the one doing the depending, and the object they depend on is followed by 'par'.

The 'Par' Rule: Never say 'मुझको निर्भर' (to me depend). Always say 'मुझ पर निर्भर' (on me depend). This is the most common error for English speakers who translate 'depend on' literally.

Let's look at the tenses. In the present habitual, for a masculine singular subject, it is nirbhar karta hai. For a feminine singular, nirbhar karti hai. For example: 'वह अपने भाई पर निर्भर करती है' (She depends on her brother). In the past tense, it becomes nirbhar kiya (depended), and in the future, nirbhar karega (will depend). Because 'karna' is transitive, in the perfective past tense with a specific object, you might see the 'ne' construction, but usually, 'nirbhar karna' functions as an intransitive expression of state, so 'ne' is often avoided in favor of 'nirbhar tha' (was dependent).

क्या आप अभी भी सरकारी सहायता पर निर्भर करते हैं? (Do you still rely on government aid?)

When using it with verbs (e.g., 'It depends on winning'), you must nominalize the verb using the '-ne' ending. For example, 'जीतने पर निर्भर करता है' (Depends on winning). This adds a layer of complexity but is essential for B1 level fluency. You are essentially treating the action of winning as a noun that can be followed by a postposition.

मैच का परिणाम टॉस पर निर्भर करेगा। (The result of the match will depend on the toss.)

Negative Construction: To say 'does not depend', simply add 'nahi' before 'karna': 'यह मुझ पर निर्भर नहीं करता' (This does not depend on me).

You will encounter निर्भर करना in a variety of high-stakes and low-stakes environments. One of the most common places is in news broadcasts and newspapers. Economic reports frequently discuss how the Indian stock market nirbhar karta hai on global cues or how the agricultural sector nirbhar karta hai on the monsoon rains. In these contexts, the word carries a weight of systemic importance.

भारतीय खेती मानसून पर निर्भर करती है। (Indian farming depends on the monsoon.)

In academic settings, teachers use it to explain cause and effect. A science teacher might explain that the growth of a plant nirbhar karta hai on the quality of soil. In a social studies class, the development of a nation might be said to nirbhar karna on its education system. This makes the word essential for students and professionals who need to discuss logical frameworks.

In the corporate world, project managers use it to discuss dependencies in a timeline. 'The second phase depends on the completion of the first phase' is a sentence you would hear in every office in Delhi or Mumbai. It helps in defining roles and responsibilities. Furthermore, in the legal and medical fields, 'nirbhar' is used to define dependents—children or spouses who rely on a primary earner for insurance or inheritance purposes.

Daily Life: In a casual setting, if you ask a friend, 'Will we go for a walk?' they might reply, 'Mausam par nirbhar karta hai' (Depends on the weather). It is the go-to phrase for 'It depends.'

सब कुछ आपकी अनुमति पर निर्भर करता है। (Everything depends on your permission.)

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with निर्भर करना is choosing the wrong postposition. English speakers are tempted to use 'से' (se - from/with) or 'को' (ko - to) because they are trying to translate the feeling of the sentence. However, 'nirbhar' strictly requires पर (par). Saying 'वह मुझ से निर्भर है' is a glaring error that marks one as a beginner.

Mistake #1: Wrong Postposition: Incorrect: 'यह आप में निर्भर है' (It depends in you). Correct: 'यह आप पर निर्भर है' (It depends on you).

Another common confusion arises between निर्भर करना (nirbhar karna) and भरोसा करना (bharosa karna). While both can be translated as 'to rely' in some English contexts, they mean very different things. 'Bharosa karna' means to trust someone's character or word. 'Nirbhar karna' means you are functionally or logically dependent on them. You might 'bharosa' your friend with a secret, but you 'nirbhar' on your car to get to work.

Learners also struggle with the gender of the verb when the subject is an abstract concept. In Hindi, 'success' (safalta) is feminine. Therefore, 'Success depends on you' must be 'Safalta aap par nirbhar karti hai', not 'karta hai'. Paying attention to the gender of nouns like 'kismat' (luck - feminine), 'kaam' (work - masculine), and 'faisla' (decision - masculine) is vital for correct conjugation.

गलत: वह अपने पिता को निर्भर है। सही: वह अपने पिता पर निर्भर है।

Mistake #2: Overusing 'Karna': Sometimes 'hona' (to be) is more natural than 'karna' (to do) when describing a state of being. 'वह निर्भर है' (He is dependent) is often better than 'वह निर्भर करता है' unless you specify what he does to depend.

While निर्भर करना is the most versatile term, Hindi offers several alternatives depending on the level of formality and the specific type of dependence. Understanding these synonyms will help you reach a C1 level of nuance and avoid sounding repetitive in long conversations or essays.

आश्रित होना (Aashrit Hona): This is a more formal, Sanskritized version of 'to be dependent'. It is often used in legal, biological, or highly respectful contexts. For example, 'वह अपने परिवार पर आश्रित है' (He is dependent/sheltered by his family).
आधारित होना (Aadharit Hona): This means 'to be based on'. While 'nirbhar' implies a need, 'aadharit' implies a logical foundation. 'यह फिल्म एक सच्ची कहानी पर आधारित है' (This film is based on a true story).

In more colloquial or metaphorical speech, you might hear the phrase 'टिका होना' (tika hona), which literally means 'to be perched' or 'to rest upon'. For instance, 'पूरी टीम विराट कोहली पर टिकी है' (The whole team is resting/dependent on Virat Kohli). This adds a more vivid, visual element to the idea of dependence, suggesting that if the foundation moves, everything will fall.

उसकी पूरी उम्मीदें इस नौकरी पर टिकी हैं। (All his hopes are resting on this job.)

On the opposite side, if you want to express the lack of dependence, you would use स्वतंत्र होना (swatantra hona) for 'to be independent' or आत्मनिर्भर होना (aatmanirbhar hona) for 'to be self-reliant'. Choosing the right word demonstrates your command over the emotional and social weight of the Hindi language.

How Formal Is It?

Formell

"यह परियोजना सरकारी अनुदान पर निर्भर करती है।"

Neutral

"मेरी छुट्टी मेरे बॉस पर निर्भर करती है।"

Informell

"देख भाई, सब पैसे पर निर्भर है।"

Child friendly

"छोटा बच्चा अपनी माँ पर निर्भर होता है।"

Umgangssprache

"तेरा सीन तो बस किस्मत पर टिका है।"

Wusstest du?

The root 'bhar' is the same root found in the name 'Bharat' (India), which historically means 'the land of those who seek knowledge' or 'the one who bears/maintains'.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /nɪr.bʱər kər.nɑː/

US /nɪr.bər kɑːr.nə/

Stress is evenly distributed, with a slight emphasis on the first syllable 'Nir'.

Reimt sich auf

अक्सर (aksar) सफ़र (safar) ज़हर (zahar) खबर (khabar) अमर (amar) शहर (shahar) लहर (lahar) नज़र (nazar)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'bhar' as 'bar' (without the aspiration/breath).
Pronouncing 'nir' as 'neer' (too long).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

Easy to recognize in text due to frequent use in news.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires correct postposition 'par' and gender agreement.

Sprechen 4/5

Needs practice to use fluently in the middle of sentences.

Hören 3/5

Clear pronunciation usually makes it easy to catch.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

करना (to do) पर (on) सहायता (help) ज़रूरत (need) भरोसा (trust)

Als Nächstes lernen

आश्रित (dependent - formal) आत्मनिर्भर (self-reliant) परिणाम (result) प्रभाव (effect) कारण (reason)

Fortgeschritten

अन्योन्याश्रय (interdependence) स्वावलंबन (self-reliance) अवलंब (support)

Wichtige Grammatik

Compound Verbs with 'Karna'

निर्भर + करना = निर्भर करना (To depend)

Postposition 'Par' requirement

मुझ पर निर्भर (Dependent on me)

Nominalizing Verbs with '-ne'

जीतने पर निर्भर (Depends on winning)

Gender Agreement with Abstract Nouns

Safalta (f) nirbhar karti hai.

Future Tense conjugation

Karega / Karegi / Karenge.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

मैं अपने माता-पिता पर निर्भर हूँ।

I am dependent on my parents.

Uses 'nirbhar hoon' (state of being) with 'par'.

वह मुझ पर निर्भर है।

He/She is dependent on me.

'Par' is essential after the pronoun 'mujh'.

बच्चे दूध पर निर्भर हैं।

Children depend on milk.

Plural subject 'bacche' leads to 'hain'.

क्या तुम मुझ पर निर्भर हो?

Are you dependent on me?

Question form using 'kya'.

हम खाने पर निर्भर हैं।

We depend on food.

Basic noun-to-noun dependence.

यह आप पर निर्भर है।

It is up to you / It depends on you.

Common idiomatic use of the phrase.

पौधे पानी पर निर्भर हैं।

Plants depend on water.

Simple biological fact.

मेरा कुत्ता मुझ पर निर्भर है।

My dog depends on me.

Possessive 'mera' used with the subject.

यह मौसम पर निर्भर करता है।

It depends on the weather.

Present habitual masculine singular 'karta hai'.

सफलता मेहनत पर निर्भर करती है।

Success depends on hard work.

'Safalta' is feminine, so 'karti hai' is used.

क्या आपकी यात्रा पैसों पर निर्भर करती है?

Does your trip depend on money?

'Yatra' is feminine, matching with 'karti hai'.

हमारा भविष्य शिक्षा पर निर्भर करता है।

Our future depends on education.

'Bhavishya' is masculine.

यह काम समय पर निर्भर करेगा।

This work will depend on time.

Future tense 'karega'.

वह अपनी नौकरी पर निर्भर करता था।

He used to depend on his job.

Past habitual 'karta tha'.

सब कुछ आपकी पसंद पर निर्भर करता है।

Everything depends on your choice.

'Pasand' is feminine.

क्या यह फिल्म कहानी पर निर्भर करती है?

Does this movie depend on the story?

'Film' is feminine.

मैच का परिणाम अंतिम ओवर पर निर्भर करेगा।

The result of the match will depend on the last over.

Future tense with a specific noun phrase.

किसान बारिश पर निर्भर करते हैं।

Farmers depend on the rain.

Plural masculine 'karte hain'.

उसका फैसला आपकी सलाह पर निर्भर करता है।

His decision depends on your advice.

'Faisla' (decision) is masculine.

क्या आपका स्वास्थ्य केवल जिम पर निर्भर करता है?

Does your health depend only on the gym?

'Swaasthya' (health) is masculine.

गाँव की अर्थव्यवस्था खेती पर निर्भर करती थी।

The village economy used to depend on farming.

'Arthvyavastha' (economy) is feminine.

यह योजना बजट पर निर्भर करेगी।

This plan will depend on the budget.

'Yojana' (plan) is feminine.

हमारा सुख हमारी सोच पर निर्भर करता है।

Our happiness depends on our thinking.

'Soch' (thinking) is feminine.

क्या इंटरनेट बिजली पर निर्भर करता है?

Does the internet depend on electricity?

Present habitual question.

देश की प्रगति युवाओं के कौशल पर निर्भर करती है।

The country's progress depends on the skills of the youth.

'Pragati' (progress) is feminine.

कंप्यूटर का चलना सॉफ्टवेयर पर निर्भर करता है।

The running of the computer depends on the software.

Nominalized verb 'chalna' as the subject.

किसी भी रिश्ते की मज़बूती भरोसे पर निर्भर करती है।

The strength of any relationship depends on trust.

'Mazbooti' (strength) is feminine.

यह पूरी तरह से आपकी मेहनत पर निर्भर करेगा कि आप जीतते हैं या नहीं।

It will entirely depend on your hard work whether you win or not.

Complex 'ki' clause following the verb.

वैश्विक बाज़ार तेल की कीमतों पर निर्भर करते हैं।

Global markets depend on oil prices.

Plural masculine 'karte hain'.

उसकी खुशी उसके आंतरिक शांति पर निर्भर थी।

Her happiness was dependent on her inner peace.

Past tense with feminine subject.

लोकतंत्र जनता की भागीदारी पर निर्भर करता है।

Democracy depends on the participation of the people.

Abstract political concept.

पौधों का विकास मिट्टी की गुणवत्ता पर निर्भर करता है।

The growth of plants depends on the quality of the soil.

Scientific context.

मानव अस्तित्व प्रकृति के संतुलन पर निर्भर करता है।

Human existence depends on the balance of nature.

Formal vocabulary: 'Astitva' and 'Santulan'.

कलाकार की ख्याति उसकी मौलिकता पर निर्भर करती है।

An artist's fame depends on their originality.

'Khyaati' (fame) and 'Maulikta' (originality) are feminine.

किसी भी भाषा का जीवित रहना उसके बोलने वालों पर निर्भर करता है।

The survival of any language depends on its speakers.

Nominalized phrase 'jeevit rehna' as subject.

न्याय की निष्पक्षता सबूतों पर निर्भर करनी चाहिए।

The impartiality of justice should depend on the evidence.

Use of 'chahie' (should) with the verb.

यह सिद्धांत कई मान्यताओं पर निर्भर करता है।

This theory depends on several assumptions.

Academic context.

शांति की स्थापना आपसी संवाद पर निर्भर करती है।

The establishment of peace depends on mutual dialogue.

'Sthapna' (establishment) is feminine.

कविता का अर्थ पाठक की समझ पर निर्भर करता है।

The meaning of a poem depends on the reader's understanding.

Literary context.

विकासशील देशों की उन्नति तकनीक के हस्तांतरण पर निर्भर करती है।

The progress of developing nations depends on the transfer of technology.

Highly formal 'hastantaran' (transfer).

ब्रह्मांड की संरचना गुरुत्वाकर्षण के नियमों पर निर्भर करती है।

The structure of the universe depends on the laws of gravity.

Scientific/Cosmological context.

आत्मा की मुक्ति कर्मों के फल पर निर्भर करती है।

The liberation of the soul depends on the fruit of one's actions.

Philosophical/Religious context.

सभ्यता का उत्थान और पतन उसके मूल्यों पर निर्भर करता है।

The rise and fall of civilization depends on its values.

Historical/Sociological context.

किसी भी विचार की सार्थकता उसके क्रियान्वयन पर निर्भर करती है।

The meaningfulness of any idea depends on its implementation.

Formal 'Saarthakta' and 'Kriyanvayan'.

पारिस्थितिक तंत्र की स्थिरता जैव विविधता पर निर्भर करती है।

The stability of the ecosystem depends on biodiversity.

Technical environmental science terms.

सत्य की खोज निष्पक्ष अवलोकन पर निर्भर करती है।

The search for truth depends on unbiased observation.

Epistemological context.

वैश्विक शांति की नींव राष्ट्रों की संप्रभुता के सम्मान पर निर्भर करती है।

The foundation of global peace depends on the respect for the sovereignty of nations.

Diplomatic/Political context.

मानवीय संवेदनाओं का परिष्कार अनुभवों की गहराई पर निर्भर करता है।

The refinement of human sensibilities depends on the depth of experiences.

Highly literary and abstract.

Häufige Kollokationen

पूरी तरह से निर्भर

आर्थिक रूप से निर्भर

एक-दूसरे पर निर्भर

मौसम पर निर्भर

किस्मत पर निर्भर

परिस्थितियों पर निर्भर

तकनीक पर निर्भर

विदेशी सहायता पर निर्भर

भरोसे पर निर्भर

नतीजों पर निर्भर

Häufige Phrasen

यह आप पर निर्भर है।

परिस्थितियों पर निर्भर करता है।

एक-दूसरे पर निर्भर होना।

पूरी तरह से निर्भर।

मेहनत पर निर्भर।

समय पर निर्भर।

भगवान पर निर्भर।

मुझ पर निर्भर मत रहो।

परस्पर निर्भरता।

सीधे तौर पर निर्भर।

Wird oft verwechselt mit

निर्भर करना vs भरोसा करना

Means 'to trust'. Use 'nirbhar' for functional need, 'bharosa' for mental trust.

निर्भर करना vs आधारित होना

Means 'to be based on'. Use 'aadharit' for foundations/stories, 'nirbhar' for dependency.

निर्भर करना vs विश्वास करना

Means 'to believe' or 'to have faith'.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"किसी के टुकड़ों पर पलना"

To depend on someone else's charity for survival.

वह अपने चाचा के टुकड़ों पर पल रहा है।

Informal/Derogatory

"बैसाखियों पर चलना"

To rely on external support rather than one's own strength.

उसकी राजनीति बैसाखियों पर चल रही है।

Metaphorical

"एक ही नाव में सवार होना"

To be dependent on the same circumstances as others.

हम सब एक ही नाव में सवार हैं, हमारी जीत एक-दूसरे पर निर्भर है।

Common

"हवा के रुख पर निर्भर होना"

To depend on the direction of the wind (metaphor for trends).

उसका व्यापार हवा के रुख पर निर्भर है।

Literary

"कंधे का सहारा लेना"

To rely on someone for emotional support.

मुश्किल समय में उसने अपने दोस्त के कंधे का सहारा लिया।

Emotional

"किसी की उंगली पकड़कर चलना"

To depend entirely on someone's guidance.

वह अभी भी अपनी माँ की उंगली पकड़कर चलता है।

Informal

"किस्मत के भरोसे बैठना"

To depend solely on luck without taking action.

किस्मत के भरोसे मत बैठो, मेहनत करो।

Common

"दूसरे के हाथ का खिलौना होना"

To be a puppet dependent on someone else's will.

वह मंत्री के हाथ का खिलौना बन गया है।

Critical

"जड़ें जमाना"

To be so dependent/rooted that it cannot be moved.

बुरी आदतें हम पर अपनी जड़ें जमा लेती हैं।

Metaphorical

"साये में रहना"

To live under the protection/dependence of someone.

वह हमेशा अपने बड़े भाई के साये में रहा है।

Literary

Leicht verwechselbar

निर्भर करना vs भरना (bharna)

Sounds like the 'bhar' in 'nirbhar'.

'Bharna' means to fill. 'Nirbhar' is a fixed adjective meaning dependent.

गिलास भरना (to fill the glass) vs मुझ पर निर्भर (depend on me).

निर्भर करना vs निर्धारित (nirdharit)

Starts with 'nir' and sounds formal.

'Nirdharit' means fixed or determined. 'Nirbhar' means dependent.

समय निर्धारित है (time is fixed) vs समय पर निर्भर है (depends on time).

निर्भर करना vs निभरना (nibherna)

Phonetically similar.

This is not a common word; 'nibhana' means to fulfill (a relationship).

रिश्ता निभाना (to fulfill a relationship).

निर्भर करना vs भारी (bhari)

Contains the 'bhar' root.

'Bhari' means heavy. While 'nirbhar' comes from the root of weight, it doesn't mean heavy.

यह बक्सा भारी है (this box is heavy).

निर्भर करना vs निर्भरता (nirbharta)

It is the noun form.

Use 'nirbhar karna' as an action, 'nirbharta' as a concept/noun.

हमारी निर्भरता (our dependence).

Satzmuster

Subject [Object] पर निर्भर है।

मैं आप पर निर्भर हूँ।

Subject [Object] पर निर्भर करता है।

यह समय पर निर्भर करता है।

Subject [Verb-ne] पर निर्भर करेगा।

यह हमारे खेलने पर निर्भर करेगा।

[Abstract Noun] पूरी तरह से [Object] पर निर्भर है।

शांति पूरी तरह से न्याय पर निर्भर है।

[Clause], जो कि [Object] पर निर्भर करता है।

उसने घर खरीदा, जो कि उसके लोन पर निर्भर करता है।

[Complex Concept] की सार्थकता [Object] पर निर्भर करती है।

लोकतंत्र की सार्थकता जनमत पर निर्भर करती है।

यदि... तो यह [Object] पर निर्भर करेगा।

यदि बारिश हुई, तो यह छाते पर निर्भर करेगा।

क्या यह [Object] पर निर्भर है?

क्या यह आप पर निर्भर है?

Wortfamilie

Substantive

Verben

Adjektive

Verwandt

Registriere dich kostenlos, um alle Beispiele zu sehen

So verwendest du es

frequency

Very high in both spoken and written Hindi.

Häufige Fehler

Main tum ko nirbhar hoon. → Main tum par nirbhar hoon.
The postposition 'ko' is incorrect; 'par' (on) is mandatory.
Safalta mehnat par nirbhar karta hai. → Safalta mehnat par nirbhar karti hai.
'Safalta' is a feminine noun, so the verb must be 'karti hai'.
Yeh mausam se nirbhar hai. → Yeh mausam par nirbhar hai.
Using 'se' (from/with) instead of 'par' is a literal translation error from some other languages.
Main aatmanirbhar karna chahta hoon. → Main aatmanirbhar banna chahta hoon.
'Aatmanirbhar' is an adjective. You 'become' (banna) self-reliant, you don't 'do' (karna) it.
Nirbhar on my parents. → Mere mata-pita par nirbhar.
Mixing English 'on' with Hindi 'nirbhar' is common but should be avoided in pure Hindi.

Tipps

The 'Par' Rule

Always place 'par' after the thing you are depending on. It's the golden rule for this verb.

Noun Form

Learn 'nirbharta' (dependence) alongside the verb to expand your sentence variety.

Interdependence

Use 'ek-dusre par nirbhar' to describe teamwork or community relationships.

The 'Bh' Sound

Practice the 'bh' in 'bhar'. It's an aspirated sound, like 'b' with a puff of air.

Aatmanirbhar

Keep an eye out for the word 'Aatmanirbhar' in Indian news; it's a very popular political and economic term right now.

Gender Matching

If the subject is 'safalta' (success), the verb must be 'karti hai'.

Postposition Clues

When you hear 'par', your brain should start expecting a verb like 'nirbhar karna' or 'aadharit hona'.

Casual Deferral

Use 'Yeh aap par nirbhar karta hai' when you want to let someone else make the decision.

Logical Links

Use this verb to connect cause and effect in your Hindi essays.

Joint Families

Understand that 'nirbharta' is often viewed as a positive social bond in traditional Indian contexts.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Nir' as 'Near' and 'Bhar' as 'Bear'. If you are 'Near' someone to 'Bear' your weight, you 'Nirbhar' on them.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a small bird 'perched' on a branch. The bird's safety 'nirbhar karta hai' on the strength of the branch.

Word Web

People Money Weather Success Trust Support Health Future

Herausforderung

Try to write three sentences about what your happiness depends on using 'nirbhar karna'.

Wortherkunft

Derived from Sanskrit 'निर्' (nir - out/without/thoroughly) + 'भृ' (bhṛ - to carry/bear).

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: In Sanskrit, it often meant 'excessive' or 'full of', but in modern Hindi, it evolved to mean 'resting upon' or 'dependent'.

Indo-Aryan

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful not to use 'nirbhar' in a way that implies someone is a 'burden' unless intended, as it can be sensitive in social contexts.

In Western cultures, 'dependence' often has a negative connotation of lacking autonomy. In Hindi, 'nirbhar' is more neutral and often describes natural logical links.

Aatmanirbhar Bharat (National Economic Vision) Sanskrit shlokas regarding 'Aashray' (Shelter/Dependence) Bollywood songs about 'Bharosa' and 'Sahara'.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Weather

बारिश पर निर्भर (depends on rain)
धूप पर निर्भर (depends on sun)
मौसम पर निर्भर (depends on weather)
जलवायु पर निर्भर (depends on climate)

Finance

बाज़ार पर निर्भर (depends on market)
बजट पर निर्भर (depends on budget)
वेतन पर निर्भर (depends on salary)
निवेश पर निर्भर (depends on investment)

Education

मेहनत पर निर्भर (depends on hard work)
अंकों पर निर्भर (depends on marks)
शिक्षक पर निर्भर (depends on teacher)
किताबों पर निर्भर (depends on books)

Health

दवा पर निर्भर (depends on medicine)
आहार पर निर्भर (depends on diet)
व्यायाम पर निर्भर (depends on exercise)
डॉक्टर पर निर्भर (depends on doctor)

Relationships

प्यार पर निर्भर (depends on love)
भरोसे पर निर्भर (depends on trust)
साथ पर निर्भर (depends on togetherness)
ईमानदारी पर निर्भर (depends on honesty)

Gesprächseinstiege

"क्या आपको लगता है कि सफलता केवल किस्मत पर निर्भर करती है? (Do you think success depends only on luck?)"

"आपका सप्ताहांत (weekend) किस पर निर्भर करता है? (What does your weekend depend on?)"

"क्या हम तकनीक पर बहुत अधिक निर्भर हो गए हैं? (Have we become too dependent on technology?)"

"एक अच्छा रिश्ता किस बात पर निर्भर करता है? (What does a good relationship depend on?)"

"क्या आपकी खुशी दूसरों पर निर्भर करती है? (Does your happiness depend on others?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

आज मेरा मूड किस पर निर्भर था? (What did my mood depend on today?)

मैं किन चीज़ों के लिए दूसरों पर निर्भर हूँ? (What things do I depend on others for?)

आत्मनिर्भर बनने के लिए मुझे क्या करना चाहिए? (What should I do to become self-reliant?)

मेरे जीवन के सबसे महत्वपूर्ण फैसले किस पर निर्भर करते हैं? (What do the most important decisions of my life depend on?)

क्या इंटरनेट के बिना मेरा काम चल सकता है, या मैं उस पर पूरी तरह निर्भर हूँ? (Can my work go on without the internet, or am I completely dependent on it?)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, in almost every standard context, the object you depend on must be followed by the postposition 'पर' (par). Without it, the sentence is grammatically incomplete.

'Nirbhar karna' is the active verb (to depend), while 'nirbhar hona' describes a state (to be dependent). In many cases, they are interchangeable, but 'karna' is more common for logical contingencies ('It depends on...').

Absolutely. You can say 'Main tum par nirbhar hoon' (I am dependent on you). However, in a romantic context, 'main tumhare bina nahi reh sakta' might be more common.

The word is 'aatmanirbhar' (आत्मनिर्भर). It combines 'aatma' (self) and 'nirbhar' (dependent).

It is neutral to formal. It's perfectly fine for daily use, but also used in textbooks and news.

For 'it depended', use 'nirbhar karta tha' (habitual) or 'nirbhar kiya' (specific instance). Often, people just say 'nirbhar tha' (was dependent).

Yes. 'Agar baarish hogi, to program mausam par nirbhar karega' (If it rains, the program will depend on the weather).

In casual Hindi, people often just say 'Depend karta hai' (using the English word) or 'Mausam par hai' (It's on the weather).

'Swatantra' (independent) or 'Aatmanirbhar' (self-reliant).

No, the noun form is 'nirbharta'. 'Nirbhar' is an adjective or part of a compound verb.

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