Explanation at your level:
Hello! The word during helps us talk about time. It means 'at the same time as' something else is happening. For example, you eat lunch during the middle of the day. Or you play games during playtime at school. It tells us when something happens. Think of it like a clock showing you the time for an activity. You can say, 'I sleep during the night.' Night is a time, and sleeping happens then. It's a simple way to connect an action to a time period.
Hi there! During is a preposition we use to talk about a specific period of time. It tells us that an action or event happens within that time. For example, 'We saw many flowers during spring.' Spring is a season, and seeing flowers happened in that season. Or, 'I felt sleepy during the long movie.' The movie is the time period, and feeling sleepy happened within it. You can use it with days, seasons, holidays, or events. For instance, 'Don't talk during the exam.' This means no talking while the exam is happening.
Let's explore during. This preposition is essential for indicating that an event takes place within a particular timeframe. It connects an action to a period, such as a holiday, a meeting, or a historical era. For example, 'Many important decisions were made during the conference.' This implies that the decisions happened at some point between the start and end of the conference. It's useful for providing context and sequencing events. You might say, 'I learned a lot during my trip abroad,' meaning the learning occurred throughout the duration of your travels.
The preposition during is key for specifying when an event occurs relative to another period or activity. It signifies that an action takes place within the boundaries of a defined timeframe. For instance, 'The economy experienced significant growth during the last decade.' Here, 'during' anchors the growth within the ten-year period. It's often used to contrast actions or states that happen concurrently. Consider, 'He received several awards during his time at university.' This highlights achievements that happened within the span of his studies, distinguishing them from events before or after university.
During serves as a precise temporal marker, situating an event or state within a specified duration. Its usage implies that the action unfolds within the timeframe of the referenced period, whether it be an event, a season, or an epoch. For example, 'The research uncovered new insights during the extensive fieldwork.' This indicates that the discoveries were made throughout the period of the fieldwork itself. It can also be used to highlight concurrent activities or states, such as 'The company implemented new sustainability policies during the recent economic downturn,' suggesting these policies were enacted in response to or alongside the challenging economic conditions.
The preposition during functions to delineate the temporal boundaries within which an event transpires. Its etymological link to 'endure' subtly underscores the notion of persistence or occurrence throughout a given span. Consider its application in nuanced contexts: 'The novel explores themes of alienation during the post-war era.' This usage situates the thematic exploration within the entirety of the post-war period, suggesting a pervasive influence. Furthermore, 'during' can be employed to contrast specific actions against a broader temporal backdrop, as in 'The artist's most prolific period occurred during a time of personal turmoil,' emphasizing the creative output within a challenging personal phase.
Wort in 30 Sekunden
- During indicates an event happening within a specific period of time.
- It's a preposition followed by a noun phrase (e.g., during the night).
- Use it to connect actions to timeframes like days, seasons, events, or activities.
- Distinguish it from 'while' (conjunction) and 'throughout' (emphasizes entirety).
Hey there! Let's dive into the word during. It's a super useful preposition that helps us talk about time. Think of it as a marker that places an event within a specific timeframe. When you use 'during', you're essentially saying 'in the time of' or 'throughout the time of' something else. It’s like drawing a box around a period and saying, 'This is when it happened!'
We use 'during' to connect an action or event to a particular period, like a day, a season, a historical era, or even a specific activity. For example, you might say you felt tired during the long meeting, or that you saw many birds during the spring. It helps us understand the timeline of events and how they relate to each other. It’s a fundamental word for telling stories and explaining when things occur!
The word during has a fascinating journey! It comes to us from Old French, specifically from the word 'durant', which is the present participle of the verb 'durer', meaning 'to last' or 'to endure'. This verb itself traces back to the Latin word 'durare', which also means 'to last' or 'to harden'. So, right from its roots, 'during' carries the idea of something persisting or happening over a period of time.
In Middle English, it started appearing around the 14th century, initially used more like a participle meaning 'lasting' or 'while'. Over time, its usage evolved into the preposition we know today, firmly establishing its role in marking the timeframe of events. It’s a great example of how words can shift their grammatical function and meaning while retaining a core sense of their origin. Think about how 'enduring' something is related to 'during' a period – both speak to the concept of time passing and an event unfolding within it!
Using during is pretty straightforward, but knowing how and when can make your English sound even more natural. The most common structure is during + noun phrase. This noun phrase usually refers to a period of time, an event, or an activity. For example, during the night, during the summer holidays, during the concert, or during breakfast.
It's important to remember that 'during' usually indicates that something happened at some point within that period, or perhaps continuously throughout it. It contrasts nicely with words like 'before' or 'after'. For instance, 'I read a book during the flight' implies the reading happened while the flight was in progress. You wouldn't typically use 'during' with specific points in time like 'at 5 PM' or 'on Monday'; for those, we use 'at' or 'on'. Think of 'during' as a broader time marker.
In terms of formality, 'during' is quite versatile. It works well in everyday conversations, but it's also perfectly acceptable in more formal writing and speech, such as academic papers or business reports. It’s a reliable choice when you need to specify a timeframe without being overly casual or overly technical.
While 'during' itself isn't typically part of many fixed idioms, the concept it represents – the passage of time and events unfolding within it – is central to many expressions. Here are a few ways the idea of 'during' time is captured:
- In the heat of the moment: This means doing or saying something impulsively, without thinking, because of strong emotions felt during a particular intense situation. Example: "He apologized later, saying he said it in the heat of the moment."
- In due course: This implies that something will happen at the appropriate time in the future, not immediately, but during the unfolding of events. Example: "Your application will be reviewed in due course."
- Through thick and thin: This describes loyalty and commitment that continues during both good times and bad times. Example: "They've been friends through thick and thin."
- In the course of: Similar to 'during', this phrase indicates something happening within a period or process. Example: "Several important discoveries were made in the course of the research."
- In the interim: This refers to the time between two events or actions; the period during which something else happens. Example: "The vice president will handle duties in the interim."
Grammar Focus: 'During' is a preposition. Prepositions show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence, often indicating time, place, or direction. 'During' specifically indicates a time relationship. It is followed by a noun or noun phrase. You can use it at the beginning or end of a sentence. For example: During the storm, the power went out. / The power went out during the storm.
Pronunciation:
- British English (RP): /'dʊərɪŋ/ (DOO-ring) - The 'u' sound is like in 'pure', and the 'ing' is a soft nasal sound.
- American English: /'dʊrɪŋ/ (DUR-ing) or /'djʊrɪŋ/ (DJUR-ing) - The first pronunciation is more common, with the 'u' sound like in 'put'. The second pronunciation is closer to the British sound.
Stress: The main stress is on the first syllable: DUR-ing.
Rhyming Words: Words that rhyme with 'during' often end in '-uring', like 'enduring', 'luring', 'securing', 'alluring'.
Fun Fact
The Latin root 'durare' (to last) also gives us words like 'durable' and 'duration', all related to the concept of time and persistence!
Pronunciation Guide
Sounds like 'DOO-ring', with the 'oo' like in 'poor' and a soft 'ng' sound at the end.
Sounds like 'DUR-ing', with the 'u' like in 'put'. Some may pronounce it closer to the UK version with a 'yoo' sound.
Common Errors
- Pronouncing the 'g' at the end too hard, like in 'go'. It should be a soft nasal sound.
- Mispronouncing the vowel sound, especially the 'u'.
- Adding an extra syllable or stressing the wrong syllable.
Rhymes With
Difficulty Rating
Easy to understand in most contexts.
Straightforward to use correctly.
Commonly used in everyday speech.
Easily recognizable.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Fortgeschritten
Grammar to Know
Prepositions of Time
We use 'at' for specific times, 'on' for days/dates, and 'in' for longer periods. 'During' fits in to specify an event within a period.
Using 'While' vs. 'During'
'While' connects clauses (I read while I waited). 'During' is followed by a noun (during my wait).
Noun Phrases
'During' must be followed by a noun phrase (e.g., 'the storm', 'my vacation', 'winter').
Examples by Level
I play during recess.
I / play / during / recess.
'during' connects the action 'play' to the time 'recess'.
We eat lunch during the day.
We / eat / lunch / during / the day.
'the day' is the time period.
Birds sing during the morning.
Birds / sing / during / the morning.
'morning' is a specific part of the day.
I sleep during the night.
I / sleep / during / the night.
'night' is a time period for sleeping.
We have fun during the party.
We / have / fun / during / the party.
'party' is an event, a time period.
The cat naps during the afternoon.
The cat / naps / during / the afternoon.
'afternoon' is a part of the day.
I read during my break.
I / read / during / my break.
'break' is a short time period.
Flowers grow during spring.
Flowers / grow / during / spring.
'spring' is a season.
We saw many interesting sights during our trip.
We / saw / many / interesting / sights / during / our trip.
'our trip' is the period of time.
He often felt tired during the winter months.
He / often / felt / tired / during / the winter months.
'winter months' specifies the season.
Please remain seated during the performance.
Please / remain / seated / during / the performance.
'the performance' is the event.
She learned a lot of English during her stay in London.
She / learned / a lot of / English / during / her stay / in London.
'her stay in London' is the duration.
The park is very busy during the summer holidays.
The park / is / very / busy / during / the summer holidays.
'summer holidays' is a specific vacation period.
Don't use your phone during the meeting.
Don't / use / your phone / during / the meeting.
'the meeting' is the event.
Many changes happened during the last decade.
Many / changes / happened / during / the last decade.
'the last decade' is a ten-year period.
He listened carefully during the lecture.
He / listened / carefully / during / the lecture.
'the lecture' is the event.
The internet connection was unstable during the storm.
The / internet connection / was / unstable / during / the storm.
Connects the instability to the time of the storm.
She received several awards during her career as a musician.
She / received / several / awards / during / her career / as a musician.
Specifies the timeframe of achievements.
We must be vigilant during times of uncertainty.
We / must / be / vigilant / during / times of uncertainty.
Highlights the need for caution within a specific condition.
The museum offers special guided tours during the holiday season.
The museum / offers / special / guided tours / during / the holiday season.
Indicates availability within a festive period.
He experienced significant personal growth during his time abroad.
He / experienced / significant / personal growth / during / his time abroad.
Links personal development to the duration of the stay.
The investigation revealed new evidence during the trial.
The investigation / revealed / new evidence / during / the trial.
Places the discovery within the legal proceedings.
Many historical events occurred during the Renaissance.
Many / historical events / occurred / during / the Renaissance.
Positions events within a specific historical era.
Please keep noise levels to a minimum during study hours.
Please / keep / noise levels / to a minimum / during / study hours.
Sets a rule for a specific period.
The company implemented stricter security measures during the recent cyber-attack.
The company / implemented / stricter / security measures / during / the recent / cyber-attack.
Links the implementation of measures to the specific event.
His most profound philosophical insights emerged during periods of solitude.
His / most profound / philosophical insights / emerged / during / periods of solitude.
Connects intellectual breakthroughs to a specific condition.
The novel offers a poignant portrayal of life during the Great Depression.
The novel / offers / a poignant / portrayal / of life / during / the Great Depression.
Situates the narrative within a historical context.
We observed a significant increase in customer engagement during the promotional campaign.
We / observed / a significant / increase / in customer engagement / during / the promotional campaign.
Relates the increase in engagement to the campaign's duration.
The ecosystem undergoes drastic changes during the monsoon season.
The ecosystem / undergoes / drastic changes / during / the monsoon season.
Highlights seasonal transformations.
She maintained a stoic demeanor throughout the crisis, especially during the crucial negotiations.
She / maintained / a stoic / demeanor / throughout the crisis, / especially / during / the crucial negotiations.
Emphasizes a specific phase within a larger crisis.
The artist's style evolved considerably during his expatriate years in Paris.
The artist's / style / evolved / considerably / during / his expatriate years / in Paris.
Links artistic development to a period of living overseas.
Public discourse on environmental issues intensified during the climate summit.
Public discourse / on environmental issues / intensified / during / the climate summit.
Connects increased discussion to the event.
The political landscape shifted dramatically during the period of rapid industrialization.
The / political landscape / shifted / dramatically / during / the period of / rapid industrialization.
Positions political shifts within a transformative era.
Her resilience was most apparent during the protracted legal battle.
Her / resilience / was / most apparent / during / the protracted / legal battle.
Highlights a quality manifested throughout a challenging process.
The philosophical underpinnings of the movement became clearer during its later stages.
The / philosophical underpinnings / of the movement / became / clearer / during / its later stages.
Situates the clarification of ideas within the latter phases of a movement.
We witnessed unprecedented technological innovation during the space race.
We / witnessed / unprecedented / technological innovation / during / the space race.
Links rapid innovation to a specific historical competition.
The narrative explores the psychological toll of war during the long occupation.
The narrative / explores / the psychological toll / of war / during / the long occupation.
Connects the exploration of psychological effects to the duration of occupation.
His creative output flourished during his self-imposed exile.
His / creative output / flourished / during / his self-imposed exile.
Links artistic productivity to a period of voluntary isolation.
The economic reforms were implemented incrementally during the transition period.
The / economic reforms / were / implemented / incrementally / during / the transition period.
Describes the gradual nature of reforms within a specific phase.
Subtle shifts in public opinion were detectable during the election campaign.
Subtle / shifts / in public opinion / were / detectable / during / the election campaign.
Positions the detection of shifts within the timeframe of the campaign.
The philosophical discourse surrounding existentialism gained momentum during the tumultuous interwar years.
The / philosophical discourse / surrounding / existentialism / gained momentum / during / the tumultuous / interwar years.
Situates the rise of a philosophical movement within a specific, turbulent historical epoch.
Her unwavering composure during the protracted hostage crisis became legendary.
Her / unwavering / composure / during / the protracted / hostage crisis / became / legendary.
Emphasizes the manifestation of a trait throughout an extended, critical event.
The novel masterfully captures the ennui and disillusionment prevalent during the decadent fin de siècle.
The novel / masterfully captures / the ennui / and disillusionment / prevalent / during / the decadent / fin de siècle.
Links the thematic exploration to the prevailing mood of a specific historical period.
We observed a paradigm shift in scientific methodology during the Enlightenment.
We / observed / a paradigm shift / in scientific methodology / during / the Enlightenment.
Positions a fundamental change in approach within a significant intellectual movement.
The author meticulously chronicles the psychological ramifications of prolonged isolation during the Antarctic expedition.
The author / meticulously chronicles / the psychological ramifications / of prolonged isolation / during / the Antarctic expedition.
Connects the detailed account of psychological effects to the duration of an arduous journey.
His most innovative architectural designs emerged during his sabbatical in Kyoto.
His / most innovative / architectural designs / emerged / during / his sabbatical / in Kyoto.
Links creative breakthroughs to a period of focused study in a culturally rich environment.
The legislative framework evolved organically during the nascent stages of the digital revolution.
The / legislative framework / evolved / organically / during / the nascent stages / of the digital revolution.
Describes the organic development of regulations within the early phase of a technological era.
The subtle undercurrents of social unrest were palpable during the protracted period of austerity.
The subtle / undercurrents / of social unrest / were / palpable / during / the protracted / period of austerity.
Highlights the detectability of underlying tensions within a lengthy period of economic difficulty.
Häufige Kollokationen
Idioms & Expressions
"in the heat of the moment"
Acting impulsively due to strong emotions during a specific situation.
He didn't mean to shout; he said it in the heat of the moment.
neutral"in due course"
At the appropriate time in the future; eventually.
Your request will be processed in due course.
formal"through thick and thin"
Through good times and bad times; showing loyalty.
They have supported each other through thick and thin.
neutral"in the course of"
During the process or time of something.
New information came to light in the course of the investigation.
formal"in the interim"
During the time before something else happens or is completed.
The deputy manager will be in charge in the interim.
formal"in the blink of an eye"
Extremely quickly; almost instantaneously.
The accident happened in the blink of an eye.
neutralEasily Confused
Both relate to time and can indicate simultaneous actions.
'During' is a preposition followed by a noun phrase (e.g., 'during the break'). 'While' is a conjunction introducing a clause (e.g., 'while I was on break') and often implies two actions happening at the same time, potentially with different subjects.
I read a book *during* my lunch break. / I read a book *while* I ate my lunch.
Both indicate something happening within a time period.
'During' means something happened at some point within the period. 'Throughout' emphasizes that it happened for the entire duration of the period.
We had rain *during* the weekend. (It rained at some point on Saturday or Sunday). / We had rain *throughout* the weekend. (It rained continuously from Friday night to Sunday night).
Both can relate to time.
'During' specifies *when* an action occurred within a period. 'For' specifies the *length* or duration of the action.
He lived in Paris *during* the summer. (He was there in the summer). / He lived in Paris *for* three months. (This was the duration of his stay).
Both can indicate time.
'In' is used for longer periods like months, years, seasons, or centuries (e.g., 'in July', 'in 2023', 'in the summer'). 'During' is used to connect an event or activity to that period (e.g., 'during the summer holidays', 'during the revolution').
He visited France *in* August. / He visited France *during* his August vacation.
Sentence Patterns
During + [Time Period/Event], + [Main Clause]
During the night, the temperature dropped significantly.
[Main Clause] + during + [Time Period/Event]
She felt very tired during the long journey.
During + [Activity/Process], + [Observation/Result]
During the experiment, the mixture changed color.
There was/were + [Noun] + during + [Time Period/Event]
There were many challenges during the transition.
[Subject] + Verb + during + [Time Period/Event]
He learned a lot during his internship.
Wortfamilie
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Verwandt
How to Use It
Formality Scale
Häufige Fehler
'During' refers to a period of time, not a specific clock time or date. Use 'at' for specific times and 'on' for specific days/dates.
'While' typically connects two clauses (actions happening at the same time), often with different subjects. 'During' is followed by a noun phrase (e.g., 'during her studies').
'During' indicates *when* something happened within a period. 'For' indicates the length or duration of time.
'During' needs to be followed by a noun phrase that specifies the time period. Leaving it out makes the sentence incomplete.
For scheduled future events on a specific day, 'on' is preferred over 'during'. 'During' implies a broader timeframe or ongoing activity.
Tips
Time Capsule Trick
Imagine putting an event into a time capsule. 'During' is the label you put on the capsule, showing *when* you put the event inside.
Event Anchor
Use 'during' to 'anchor' an action to a specific event or period. Think: 'What was happening *when* this occurred?'
Storytelling Essential
Native speakers use 'during' constantly when telling stories or explaining sequences of events. Practice using it to describe your day or past experiences.
Preposition Power
Remember 'during' is a preposition. It needs a noun phrase (like 'the class', 'my childhood') to follow it. It shows the relationship between that noun phrase (time) and the rest of the sentence.
Soft 'G' Ending
Focus on the '-ing' sound. It's not 'ing-g', but a soft nasal sound like in 'sing'.
Avoid Time Mix-ups
Don't use 'during' for exact clock times (use 'at') or specific days (use 'on'). Stick to broader periods, events, or activities.
Rooted in Endurance
The word 'during' comes from Latin 'durare', meaning 'to last'. So, when you use 'during', you're talking about something happening within the time that something else lasts!
Journal Your Day
At the end of the day, write down 3-5 sentences about what you did using 'during'. Example: 'During breakfast, I read the news. During my commute, I listened to a podcast.'
Contrast with 'While'
Use 'during + noun' (e.g., during the movie) when you want to state the time frame. Use 'while + clause' (e.g., while I watched the movie) when you want to connect two simultaneous actions, especially with different subjects.
Build Related Words
Learn 'duration' (the length of time) and 'endure' (to last or suffer through). They share the same Latin root and reinforce the concept of time.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'during' as 'DOOR-ring'. Imagine a clock ringing like a doorbell (door-ring) *during* the time you need to wake up.
Visual Association
Picture a timeline with a specific event highlighted or circled, emphasizing that it happened *during* that segment of the timeline.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to describe your last vacation using 'during' at least five times. Focus on what you did *during* specific parts of the trip (e.g., during the mornings, during the evenings, during the excursions).
Wortherkunft
Old French
Original meaning: Present participle of 'durer', meaning 'to last' or 'to endure'.
Kultureller Kontext
No specific cultural sensitivities are associated with the word 'during' itself.
The use of 'during' is universal across English-speaking cultures for indicating temporal context. It's a fundamental part of everyday communication, from casual conversation to formal reporting.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Travel
- during the flight
- during our stay
- during the tour
Work/School
- during the meeting
- during the lecture
- during the break
- during the project
Seasons and Holidays
- during the summer
- during the holidays
- during Christmas
Historical Events
- during the war
- during the Renaissance
- during the crisis
Conversation Starters
"What's your favorite thing to do during the summer?"
"Did anything interesting happen to you during your last vacation?"
"What's the most memorable event you've experienced during a holiday?"
"How do you usually spend your time during the weekends?"
"What did you learn during your last class/meeting?"
Journal Prompts
Describe a time you faced a challenge. What did you do during that difficult period?
Reflect on a recent vacation. What were some memorable moments you experienced during your trip?
Think about a historical event you find fascinating. What was life like for people during that time?
Describe your typical routine during the week. What activities do you engage in during different parts of the day?
Häufig gestellte Fragen
8 FragenBoth relate to time, but 'during' is a preposition followed by a noun phrase (e.g., 'during the movie'), while 'while' is a conjunction that introduces a clause, usually with its own subject and verb (e.g., 'while I was watching the movie'). 'While' often implies two actions happening simultaneously.
No, 'during' is used for periods of time (e.g., 'during the afternoon', 'during the meeting'). For specific clock times, use 'at' (e.g., 'at 5 PM').
'During' means something happened at some point within a period. 'Throughout' means something happened for the entire duration of that period.
'During' is a preposition. It must be followed by a noun or noun phrase.
Yes, absolutely! For example: 'During the storm, the power went out.'
You can use 'during' with nouns referring to periods of time (day, night, summer), events (meeting, concert, holiday), activities (study, work, vacation), historical eras (Renaissance, war), or processes (development, transition).
They are very similar. 'During the day' is more common and generally preferred. 'During daytime' is also correct but sounds slightly more formal or literary.
Yes, if the abstract concept refers to a period or process. For example, 'during the period of change' or 'during the transition'.
Teste dich selbst
We play outside ______ the sunny weather.
'During' is used to indicate a period of time, like 'sunny weather'.
Which sentence correctly uses 'during'?
'During' is used with periods or events like holidays ('New Year's Eve'). 'Midnight' is a specific time (use 'at'), 'phone' is an object (use 'with'), and 'Monday' is a specific day (use 'on').
The sentence 'I felt hungry during lunch' is grammatically correct.
Yes, 'lunch' is a mealtime, a period during which one can feel hungry.
Word
Bedeutung
This exercise helps understand the types of noun phrases that can follow 'during'.
The correct order is 'I fell asleep during the movie', placing the prepositional phrase at the end.
The company experienced rapid growth ______ the tech boom of the late 1990s.
'During' correctly indicates that the growth happened within the specified period (the tech boom).
Which sentence best conveys that an action happened *throughout* a period?
'Throughout' emphasizes that the action occurred for the entire duration, whereas 'during' implies it happened at some point within the period.
The subtle shifts in policy were only truly understood ______ the subsequent analysis.
'During' implies the understanding occurred within the timeframe of the analysis process.
The phrase 'during the interim' is redundant because 'interim' already implies a time period.
While 'interim' refers to a time period, 'during the interim' is a common and correct phrase used to specify that something happens within that intervening time.
The philosophical discourse gained momentum ______ the tumultuous interwar years.
'During' is the most appropriate preposition to place the discourse within the specified historical period.
Ergebnis: /10
Summary
Use 'during' to place an event within a specific timeframe, like saying 'what happened when'.
- During indicates an event happening within a specific period of time.
- It's a preposition followed by a noun phrase (e.g., during the night).
- Use it to connect actions to timeframes like days, seasons, events, or activities.
- Distinguish it from 'while' (conjunction) and 'throughout' (emphasizes entirety).
Time Capsule Trick
Imagine putting an event into a time capsule. 'During' is the label you put on the capsule, showing *when* you put the event inside.
Event Anchor
Use 'during' to 'anchor' an action to a specific event or period. Think: 'What was happening *when* this occurred?'
Storytelling Essential
Native speakers use 'during' constantly when telling stories or explaining sequences of events. Practice using it to describe your day or past experiences.
Preposition Power
Remember 'during' is a preposition. It needs a noun phrase (like 'the class', 'my childhood') to follow it. It shows the relationship between that noun phrase (time) and the rest of the sentence.
Related Content
Dieses Wort in anderen Sprachen
Verwandte Redewendungen
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じゅうしょ
A2The particulars of the place where someone lives.
住所
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～後
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目覚まし
B1Alarm clock. A clock that makes a noise to wake someone up.
目覚まし時計
B1An alarm clock.
もう少し
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