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B1 verb #5,000 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

기초하다

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In A1, the concept of 'based on' is very rudimentary. Learners might encounter simple sentences indicating where something comes from, often through direct association rather than abstract principles. For example, a child might say 'This drawing is based on my favorite cartoon character,' but it's more about imitation than a formal foundation. The focus is on concrete objects and simple relationships. The Korean word itself would likely not be introduced at this level, but the underlying concept might be present in a very simplified form, perhaps through visual aids showing one thing supporting another. The vocabulary would be limited to everyday objects and actions, and complex sentence structures would be avoided.

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At A2, learners can understand and use basic phrases indicating the source of information or ideas, though not necessarily with the verb '기초하다'. They might say things like 'I learned this from a book' or 'This idea came from my friend.' The concept of a 'foundation' might be introduced through simpler verbs or phrases that suggest where something originates. For instance, they might learn to say 'This recipe is from my grandmother' (이 요리는 할머니께로부터 왔어요). The Korean word '기초하다' itself is unlikely to be taught, but the idea of something being supported or derived from something else starts to emerge in very simple, concrete contexts.

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In B1, learners begin to grasp the meaning of '기초하다' and its implications. They can understand sentences where actions or ideas are linked to specific facts, principles, or data. They might encounter the word in written materials like news articles or simple academic texts. They can start to use it in their own writing and speaking to explain the basis for their opinions or decisions, often with support from the teacher or examples. The focus is on understanding the connection between a subject and its foundation. For example, 'My opinion is based on what I read.' (제 의견은 읽은 것에 기초해요).

B2 learners can confidently use '기초하다' in various contexts, including academic and professional discussions. They understand the nuances of using it with different particles and can differentiate it from similar verbs like '근거하다'. They can construct complex sentences explaining the rationale behind research, policy, or arguments, demonstrating a good understanding of logical connections. They are comfortable using it in both written and spoken Korean, articulating the foundations of complex ideas. For example, 'The strategy is based on thorough market analysis.' (전략은 철저한 시장 분석에 기초합니다).

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At C1, '기초하다' is used naturally and precisely. Learners can employ it to convey sophisticated arguments, critique methodologies, and analyze complex situations. They understand its role in formal discourse and can use it to demonstrate critical thinking. They can also recognize its subtle differences from synonyms and choose the most appropriate word for the specific context. They might use it to discuss abstract concepts or intricate theoretical frameworks, showing a deep comprehension of the word's meaning and application. For example, 'This philosophical concept is based on existentialist principles.' (이 철학적 개념은 실존주의 원리에 기초하고 있습니다).

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C2 learners use '기초하다' with native-like fluency and accuracy. They can employ it in highly specialized fields, understanding its specific connotations within those domains. They can analyze texts that use the word in subtle or idiomatic ways and can produce nuanced explanations of complex foundations. Their usage reflects a deep cultural and linguistic understanding, allowing them to articulate the most precise basis for any given statement or action, often in highly formal or academic settings.

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기초하다 in 30 Sekunden

To be based on or founded upon a fact, principle, or data.
Indicates the origin or justification for an idea, plan, or action.
Commonly used in academic, professional, and analytical contexts.
Emphasizes credibility and substantiation.

Core Meaning: The Korean verb '기초하다' (gi-cho-ha-da) means to be based on, to be founded upon, or to be grounded in something. It signifies that a particular idea, theory, plan, or action is established or originates from a specific fact, principle, data, or previous event. It implies a foundation upon which something else is built.
Usage Contexts: This verb is frequently used in academic, professional, and analytical discussions. When someone says something is '기초하다,' they are indicating the source or justification for their statement or belief. It's common to hear it when discussing research findings, legal arguments, business strategies, historical analyses, or even personal opinions that are supported by evidence. For instance, a scientific theory is '기초하다' on experimental data, a legal defense might be '기초하다' on precedents, and a personal decision could be '기초하다' on past experiences. The word emphasizes the legitimacy and substantiation of the subject it modifies.
Nuance: The nuance of '기초하다' lies in its implication of a solid and verifiable basis. It suggests that whatever is being discussed is not arbitrary or speculative but has a concrete origin or justification. This makes it a valuable word for conveying credibility and thoroughness in communication. It often appears with prepositions like '~에' (on/in) or '~을/를' (as the basis) to specify what something is founded upon.

이 연구는 기존의 통계 자료에 기초하여 작성되었습니다. (This research is based on existing statistical data.)

그의 주장은 명백한 증거에 기초하고 있다. (His argument is based on clear evidence.)

Etymological Hint: The Hanja for '기초' is 基礎. '基' (gi) means base, foundation, or ground, and '礎' (cho) means foundation stone or basis. Together, they powerfully convey the idea of a solid underpinning.
Academic Usage: In academic writing, '기초하다' is crucial for citing sources and explaining the methodology behind research. It ensures that the reader understands the evidence and reasoning that supports the presented findings, lending credibility and rigor to the work.
Legal and Business Contexts: In law, arguments are often '기초하다' on legal precedents or statutes. In business, strategies are frequently '기초하다' on market research, financial data, or past performance. The term highlights the reliance on established facts or principles for decision-making and argumentation.

Structure: The verb '기초하다' is typically followed by a noun or noun phrase indicating the basis or foundation. Common grammatical structures include:
Using '~에 기초하다' (To be based *on* something): This is the most frequent construction. The noun phrase before '~에' is the subject, and the noun phrase after '~에' is the foundation.
Example Sentences: This theory is based on extensive research. 이 이론은 광범위한 연구에 기초하고 있다.
His decision was based on objective facts. 그의 결정은 객관적인 사실에 기초했다.
The new policy is based on the needs of the community. 새로운 정책은 지역 사회의 요구에 기초하고 있습니다.
Using '~을/를 기초로 하여' (Using something as a basis): This structure emphasizes the item being used as the foundation for an action or creation.
Example Sentences: We will develop the plan based on this data. 우리는 이 데이터를 기초로 하여 계획을 개발할 것입니다.
The novel was written based on historical events. 그 소설은 역사적 사건을 기초로 하여 쓰였습니다.
Variations in Verb Ending: Like most Korean verbs, '기초하다' can be conjugated into various tenses and politeness levels. Common forms include:
Present Tense: 기초하다 (infinitive), 기초합니다 (formal polite), 기초해요 (informal polite), 기초한다 (plain form)
Past Tense: 기초했습니다 (formal polite), 기초했어요 (informal polite), 기초했다 (plain form)
Future Tense: 기초할 것입니다 (formal polite), 기초할 거예요 (informal polite), 기초할 것이다 (plain form)

Academic Lectures and Papers: In university settings, professors often use '기초하다' when explaining the theoretical underpinnings of a subject or the methodology of a study. For example, a history professor might say, "이 주장은 1차 사료에 기초하여 형성되었습니다." (This argument was formed based on primary sources.) Similarly, in scientific papers, you'll frequently see phrases like "본 연구는 이전 연구 결과에 기초하여 진행되었습니다." (This study was conducted based on previous research findings.) This usage is critical for establishing the validity and credibility of academic work.
News Reports and Analytical Programs: Journalists and analysts often use '기초하다' when explaining the reasons behind events or policies. A news anchor might report, "정부의 새로운 경제 정책은 물가 안정이라는 목표에 기초하고 있습니다." (The government's new economic policy is based on the goal of price stability.) In political commentary, you might hear, "그의 발언은 여론 조사 결과에 기초한 것으로 보입니다." (His remarks appear to be based on opinion poll results.) This helps listeners understand the rationale behind decisions and statements.
Business Meetings and Presentations: In the corporate world, '기초하다' is used to justify strategies, proposals, and decisions. A manager might say in a meeting, "우리의 마케팅 전략은 고객 데이터 분석에 기초하여 수립될 것입니다." (Our marketing strategy will be established based on customer data analysis.) When presenting a new product, an engineer might explain, "이 제품의 디자인은 인체 공학적 원리에 기초하고 있습니다." (The design of this product is based on ergonomic principles.) This demonstrates a logical and data-driven approach.
Legal and Judicial Contexts: In legal proceedings, '기초하다' is essential for referencing laws, precedents, and evidence. A lawyer might argue, "저희 변호인단은 판례법에 기초하여 무죄를 주장합니다." (Our defense team argues for innocence based on case law.) Judges often state their rulings by saying, "이 판결은 제출된 증거와 법률에 기초하여 내려졌습니다." (This verdict was rendered based on the submitted evidence and laws.)
Formal Speeches and Debates: In formal settings like policy debates or public addresses, speakers use '기초하다' to ground their arguments in facts or established principles. A politician might declare, "이 공약은 국민의 삶의 질 향상이라는 비전에 기초하고 있습니다." (This pledge is based on the vision of improving the quality of life for the people.) Debaters will often point to the evidence their claims are '기초하고' to strengthen their position.

Confusing '기초하다' with '시작하다' (to start): A common error for learners is to confuse '기초하다' (to be based on) with '시작하다' (to start or begin). While both can relate to origins, '기초하다' specifically implies a foundation or basis, whereas '시작하다' simply indicates the commencement of an action or event. For example, you wouldn't say "이 프로젝트는 아이디어에 시작했다" (This project started with an idea) if you mean it was *founded upon* the idea. Instead, you would use '기초하다': "이 프로젝트는 혁신적인 아이디어에 기초하고 있습니다." (This project is based on an innovative idea.)
Incorrect Particle Usage: The choice of particle is crucial. While '~에 기초하다' is most common, learners might incorrectly use other particles or omit them. For instance, saying "그는 경험에 기초" (He bases on experience) is grammatically incomplete. It should be "그는 풍부한 경험에 기초하여 결정을 내렸다." (He made the decision based on rich experience.) Similarly, using '~으로 기초하다' instead of '~에 기초하다' or '~을/를 기초로 하여' can lead to confusion.
Overuse or Underuse in Formal Contexts: In formal writing or speech, '기초하다' adds a layer of sophistication and credibility. Learners might underuse it, opting for simpler phrasing that doesn't convey the same sense of foundation. Conversely, overusing it without clear justification can sound repetitive or unnecessarily formal. The key is to use it when you genuinely want to emphasize that something is built upon a specific, verifiable basis, rather than just stating a fact.
Misinterpreting the Nuance of 'Basis': '기초하다' implies a strong, often objective, foundation. Mistaking it for a casual or subjective basis can lead to miscommunication. For example, stating "제 의견은 직감에 기초합니다" (My opinion is based on intuition) might sound odd in a formal setting, as intuition is not typically considered a solid basis in the same way data or principles are. It's better suited for empirical evidence or logical reasoning.
Using it with Abstract Concepts Without Clear Connection: While '기초하다' can be used with abstract principles, the connection needs to be clear. Simply saying "이것은 사랑에 기초합니다" (This is based on love) might be too vague unless the context clarifies how love serves as a foundation for a specific action or decision. It's more effective when the basis is concrete, such as '이 결정은 상호 존중에 기초하고 있습니다.' (This decision is based on mutual respect.)

~에 근거하다 (geun-geo-ha-da): This is the most common and direct synonym. Both '기초하다' and '근거하다' mean 'to be based on' or 'to be founded upon'. '근거하다' often emphasizes the evidence or grounds for a statement or claim. It's very frequently used in academic and legal contexts.
Comparison:
'기초하다' can sometimes imply a more fundamental, underlying principle or a historical foundation.
'근거하다' tends to focus more on the immediate evidence or justification.
Example:
이 주장은 사실에 기초하고 있다. (This argument is based on facts.)
이 주장은 명백한 증거에 근거하고 있다. (This argument is based on clear evidence.)
~에 기반하다 (gi-ban-ha-da): Similar to '기초하다', '기반하다' also means 'to be based on' or 'to be founded on'. '기반' (gi-ban) literally means foundation or base. This term is also very widely used, especially in technical, strategic, and developmental contexts.
Comparison:
'기초하다' and '기반하다' are often interchangeable. '기반하다' might sometimes suggest a more structural or developmental foundation.
Example:
새로운 사업은 시장 조사에 기초하여 시작될 것이다. (The new business will start based on market research.)
새로운 사업은 시장 조사에 기반하여 추진될 것이다. (The new business will be promoted based on market research.)
~에 의거하다 (ui-geo-ha-da): This verb means 'to rely on', 'to be based on', or 'to be grounded in', often implying a reliance on rules, standards, or authority. It is frequently used in formal and legal contexts.
Comparison:
'의거하다' suggests a more formal adherence to specific regulations, laws, or established principles, often implying a degree of obligation or strict adherence. '기초하다' can be broader.
Example:
이 결정은 법률에 기초하고 있습니다. (This decision is based on the law.)
이 결정은 법률에 의거하여 내려졌습니다. (This decision was made based on the law.)
~에 따르다 (tta-reu-da): This verb means 'to follow', 'to comply with', or 'to be in accordance with'. While not a direct synonym for 'based on', it can be used in similar contexts when an action or decision is in line with a rule, guideline, or precedent.
Comparison:
'따르다' implies following a guideline or rule, whereas '기초하다' implies building upon a foundation. It's about compliance rather than foundational support.
Example:
그는 선례에 기초하여 행동했다. (He acted based on precedent.)
그는 선례에 따라 행동했다. (He acted in accordance with precedent.)
~에서 유래하다 (yu-rae-ha-da): This verb means 'to originate from' or 'to stem from'. It focuses on the source or origin of something, which can overlap with the idea of a foundation, but emphasizes the beginning rather than the ongoing support.
Comparison:
'유래하다' points to the origin or source, suggesting where something came from initially. '기초하다' suggests what something is currently built upon or supported by.
Example:
이 전통은 고대 의식에 기초하고 있다. (This tradition is based on ancient rituals.)
이 전통은 고대 의식에서 유래했습니다. (This tradition originated from ancient rituals.)

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The concept of a 'foundation stone' (기초석) is deeply ingrained in Korean culture, symbolizing stability, reliability, and the beginning of something significant. This is reflected in the verb '기초하다', which carries a strong sense of establishing something on a reliable and well-supported basis. The use of Hanja in Korean vocabulary often provides a deeper layer of understanding its meaning and origin.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /gi.t͡ʃo.ha.da/

US /gi.t͡ʃo.ha.da/

The primary stress in '기초하다' is usually on the first syllable: 기(GI)-초-하-다.

Reimt sich auf

소하다 (sohada) 조하다 (johada) 묘하다 (myohada) 노하다 (nohada) 로하다 (rohada) 모하다 (mohada) 포하다 (pohada) 호하다 (hohada)

Häufige Fehler

Mispronouncing the vowel sounds, especially in '기' and '초'.
Incorrectly stressing the syllables, often placing it too late in the word.
Not clearly articulating the 'h' sound in '하'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

At B1/B2 level, '기초하다' is commonly encountered in written texts such as news articles, essays, and academic papers. While the core meaning is straightforward, understanding its nuances and collocations requires careful attention. Learners need to differentiate it from similar verbs and grasp its grammatical patterns to comprehend complex sentences accurately.

Schreiben 3/5

Sprechen 3/5

Hören 3/5

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

기초 (foundation) 사실 (fact) 원칙 (principle) 데이터 (data) 이론 (theory) 근거 (grounds) 이유 (reason)

Als Nächstes lernen

근거하다 (to be grounded in) 기반하다 (to be based on) 의거하다 (to rely on) 따르다 (to follow) 유래하다 (to originate from) 입각하다 (to stand on/be based on)

Fortgeschritten

논증 (argument) 주장 (claim) 분석 (analysis) 방법론 (methodology) 이론적 틀 (theoretical framework) 개념 (concept)

Wichtige Grammatik

Using the connective ending '-하여' (or '-해서' in spoken Korean) to link clauses where the first clause describes the basis for the action in the second clause.

철저한 조사에 기초하여, 우리는 결론에 도달했습니다. (Based on thorough investigation, we reached a conclusion.)

Using the passive form when the subject is acted upon by the basis.

이 건물은 튼튼한 기초 위에 세워졌습니다. (This building was built on a strong foundation.) (Note: This uses the noun '기초' + '위에', but the concept of being based upon is similar.)

Forming adjectival phrases using '-한' (for verbs ending in a consonant) or '-ㄴ' (for verbs ending in a vowel) after the verb stem, e.g., '기초한'.

이것은 사실에 기초한 주장입니다. (This is a claim based on facts.)

Using modal verbs like '-해야 한다' (must) or '-ㄹ 수 있다' (can) with '기초하다' to express necessity or possibility.

모든 교육은 학생들의 잠재력에 기초해야 합니다. (All education must be based on students' potential.)

Differentiating between '~에 기초하다' (based on/upon) and '~을/를 기초로 하여' (using... as a basis).

그의 주장은 증거에 기초하고 있습니다. (His argument is based on evidence.) vs. 우리는 이 데이터를 기초로 하여 새로운 전략을 세울 것입니다. (We will establish a new strategy using this data as a basis.)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

이 그림은 내 동생이 그린 것에 기초했어요.

This drawing is based on what my younger sibling drew.

This is a simplified usage, likely omitting the full verb '기초하다' and relying on context. At A2, the full verb might not be introduced.

이 이야기는 옛날이야기에 기초해요.

This story is based on an old tale.

Similar to the above, a simplified construction. The emphasis is on the source of the story.

내 생각은 선생님이 가르쳐준 것에 기초해요.

My thought is based on what the teacher taught.

Focuses on learning from a teacher as the basis for thought.

이 계획은 친구의 말에 기초해요.

This plan is based on my friend's words.

Shows a plan being founded on a friend's suggestion.

이 집은 튼튼한 나무에 기초해요.

This house is based on strong wood.

A more concrete example of a physical foundation.

그의 행동은 용기에 기초해요.

His action is based on courage.

Introduces an abstract quality as a basis for action.

이 노래는 슬픈 마음에 기초해요.

This song is based on a sad heart.

Connects emotion to the creation of music.

우리의 놀이는 규칙에 기초해요.

Our game is based on rules.

Highlights the importance of rules as a basis for games.

이 이론은 실험 결과에 기초하여 만들어졌습니다.

This theory was made based on experimental results.

Uses the past tense and '-하여' ending, common in B1.

그의 주장은 확실한 증거에 기초하고 있습니다.

His argument is based on solid evidence.

Present tense, emphasizing ongoing basis.

새로운 정책은 시민들의 의견에 기초할 것입니다.

The new policy will be based on citizens' opinions.

Future tense, showing planning based on input.

이 결정은 과거의 경험에 기초되었습니다.

This decision was based on past experience.

Passive voice in the past tense, indicating a decision derived from experience.

우리는 이 보고서에 기초하여 다음 단계를 계획할 것입니다.

We will plan the next steps based on this report.

Uses '-하여' and future tense, common for planning.

그의 연구는 기존 지식에 기초하고 있습니다.

His research is based on existing knowledge.

Focuses on academic research foundation.

이 동화는 유명한 전설에 기초하여 쓰였습니다.

This fairy tale was written based on a famous legend.

Past tense, connecting literature to its source.

모든 교육은 학생들의 잠재력에 기초해야 합니다.

All education must be based on students' potential.

Modal verb '해야 합니다' (must), emphasizing an ideal foundation.

본 논문은 다년간의 현장 조사 데이터에 기초하여 작성되었습니다.

This thesis was written based on years of field research data.

Formal language, precise data reference.

그의 주장은 법적 판례에 기초하고 있으며, 이는 매우 강력한 근거가 됩니다.

His argument is based on legal precedents, which serves as a very strong basis.

Connects legal basis to strength of argument.

이 사업 계획은 철저한 시장 분석 결과에 기초하여 수립되었습니다.

This business plan was established based on thorough market analysis results.

Emphasizes thoroughness of the basis.

현대 건축은 과거의 전통적인 건축 양식에 기초하면서도 혁신적인 기술을 접목하고 있습니다.

Modern architecture is based on traditional architectural styles of the past while incorporating innovative technology.

Uses '-면서도' to show a dual basis: tradition and innovation.

이 교육 프로그램은 학습자의 개별적인 학습 속도에 기초하도록 설계되었습니다.

This educational program is designed to be based on the individual learning pace of the learner.

Focuses on personalized design based on a specific factor.

그의 연설은 과학적 사실에 기초하여 신뢰성을 더했습니다.

His speech gained credibility by being based on scientific facts.

Links the basis (scientific facts) to the outcome (credibility).

이 소설의 플롯은 작가의 개인적인 경험에 기초하고 있다고 알려져 있습니다.

The plot of this novel is known to be based on the author's personal experiences.

Uses '-고 알려져 있습니다' to report a known basis.

모든 사회 시스템은 상호 신뢰라는 원칙에 기초해야 합니다.

All social systems must be based on the principle of mutual trust.

Emphasizes a fundamental principle for societal structures.

이 철학적 탐구는 기존의 형이상학적 논증들에 기초하면서도 새로운 관점을 제시하려 합니다.

This philosophical inquiry attempts to present a new perspective while being based on existing metaphysical arguments.

Complex sentence structure, use of '-면서도' for dual basis, abstract concepts.

그의 비판은 객관적인 데이터 분석에 기초하고 있으며, 따라서 매우 설득력이 있습니다.

His criticism is based on objective data analysis, and therefore it is very persuasive.

Links data analysis as a basis to persuasiveness.

이러한 사회 운동은 뿌리 깊은 불평등이라는 문제에 기초하여 발생했습니다.

This social movement occurred based on the problem of deep-rooted inequality.

Connects a social movement to its underlying problem.

그녀의 예술 작품은 동양의 전통적인 회화 기법에 기초하되, 현대적인 감각을 가미하여 독창성을 발휘합니다.

Her artworks are based on traditional Eastern painting techniques, but they demonstrate originality by adding a modern sensibility.

Uses '-하되' for contrast, showing a blend of basis and innovation.

본 연구는 생태학적 원리에 기초하여 지속 가능한 개발 모델을 제안합니다.

This study proposes a sustainable development model based on ecological principles.

Academic proposal based on scientific principles.

그의 정치적 입장은 국민의 기본권 보장이라는 헌법적 가치에 기초하고 있습니다.

His political stance is based on the constitutional value of guaranteeing fundamental rights of the people.

Connects political stance to constitutional values.

이 문학 비평은 구조주의적 분석 방법론에 기초하고 있으며, 텍스트의 심층적인 의미를 탐구합니다.

This literary criticism is based on a structuralist analytical methodology and explores the deep meanings of the text.

Uses a specific analytical methodology as the basis.

그의 리더십은 팀원들의 의견을 존중하는 민주적 원칙에 기초하여 발휘되었습니다.

His leadership was demonstrated based on democratic principles that respect team members' opinions.

Focuses on leadership style based on democratic principles.

이 복잡한 시스템의 설계는 양자 역학의 불확정성 원리에 기초하고 있으며, 이는 기존의 고전 역학으로는 설명할 수 없는 현상들을 다룹니다.

The design of this complex system is based on the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics, which deals with phenomena inexplicable by classical mechanics.

Highly technical, involving advanced scientific principles.

그의 법률 해석은 18세기 영국 법의 판례 축적에 기초하고 있으나, 현대 사회의 변화하는 요구에 맞추어 재해석되고 있습니다.

His legal interpretation is based on the accumulation of precedents from 18th-century English law, but it is being reinterpreted to meet the changing needs of modern society.

Historical and legal depth, nuanced reinterpretation.

이 예술 사조는 포스트모더니즘 철학의 해체주의적 관점에 기초하면서도, 동양의 신비주의적 사유와 융합하려는 시도를 보여줍니다.

This art movement, while based on the deconstructivist perspective of postmodernist philosophy, shows an attempt to fuse with Eastern mystical thought.

Combines multiple complex philosophical and artistic concepts.

그의 경제 모델은 행동 경제학의 발견들에 기초하여 합리적 선택 이론의 한계를 극복하고자 합니다.

His economic model aims to overcome the limitations of rational choice theory by being based on findings from behavioral economics.

Specific economic theories and their interrelation.

이 건축물의 설계는 자연의 유기적 형태와 에너지 효율성이라는 두 가지 핵심 원리에 기초하고 있습니다.

The design of this architectural structure is based on two core principles: the organic forms of nature and energy efficiency.

Focuses on dual, complex design principles.

그의 비평은 19세기 낭만주의 문학의 감성적 표현 방식에 기초하지만, 현대 사회의 불안과 고독을 반영하는 데 중점을 둡니다.

His criticism is based on the expressive methods of sentiment in 19th-century Romantic literature, but it focuses on reflecting the anxiety and solitude of modern society.

Historical literary basis contrasted with modern themes.

이 이론적 틀은 프레임 분석과 담론 이론에 기초하여 사회적 현상을 해석합니다.

This theoretical framework interprets social phenomena based on frame analysis and discourse theory.

Uses specific social science theories as analytical tools.

그의 정책 제안은 사회 정의 실현이라는 궁극적 목표에 기초하고 있으며, 이는 모든 시민의 복지 증진을 목표로 합니다.

His policy proposals are based on the ultimate goal of realizing social justice, aiming to promote the welfare of all citizens.

Connects policy to abstract, high-level societal goals.

Synonyme

근거하다 토대하다 바탕하다

Gegenteile

무관하다 동떨어지다

Häufige Kollokationen

사실에 기초하다

데이터에 기초하다

원칙에 기초하다

이론에 기초하다

경험에 기초하다

연구에 기초하다

법률에 기초하다

판례에 기초하다

신뢰에 기초하다

목표에 기초하다

Häufige Phrasen

~에 기초하여

— Based on/Founded upon (used to connect the basis to the action or statement).

이 보고서는 최신 통계에 기초하여 작성되었습니다. (This report was prepared based on the latest statistics.)

~에 기초하다

— To be based on/To be founded upon (used as the main verb).

그의 주장은 명백한 증거에 기초하고 있습니다. (His argument is based on clear evidence.)

~을/를 기초로 하여

— Using something as a basis/foundation.

우리는 이 데이터를 기초로 하여 새로운 전략을 세울 것입니다. (We will establish a new strategy using this data as a basis.)

명확한 기초

— Clear basis/foundation.

그의 주장은 명확한 기초를 가지고 있습니다. (His argument has a clear basis.)

견고한 기초

— Solid/Strong foundation.

이 회사는 혁신에 대한 견고한 기초를 가지고 있습니다. (This company has a solid foundation in innovation.)

새로운 기초

— New foundation/basis.

그의 연구는 이 분야에 새로운 기초를 마련했습니다. (His research has laid a new foundation in this field.)

기초 자료

— Basic data/Source material.

이 보고서는 기초 자료를 철저히 분석했습니다. (This report thoroughly analyzed the basic data.)

기초 학문

— Fundamental academic discipline.

수학은 많은 과학 분야의 기초 학문입니다. (Mathematics is a fundamental academic discipline for many scientific fields.)

기초 공사

— Foundation work (construction).

건물의 안전을 위해 기초 공사가 매우 중요합니다. (Foundation work is very important for the safety of the building.)

기초 연금

— Basic pension.

기초 연금 수령액이 인상되었습니다. (The basic pension amount has been increased.)

Wird oft verwechselt mit

기초하다 vs 시작하다

'기초하다' means 'to be based on,' implying a foundation or support. '시작하다' means 'to start' or 'to begin.' You can't start something without a basis, but '기초하다' focuses on that basis itself, not just the commencement of an action.

기초하다 vs 근거하다

'근거하다' is a very close synonym for '기초하다', both meaning 'to be based on.' '근거하다' often emphasizes the evidence or grounds for a claim, while '기초하다' can sometimes imply a more fundamental or historical basis. They are often interchangeable.

기초하다 vs 세우다

'세우다' can mean 'to build' or 'to establish.' While a foundation ('기초') is necessary to '세우다' something, '기초하다' itself describes what something is based upon, not the act of building.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"땅에 기초하다"

— Literally 'to be based on the land'. This idiom is not common in standard Korean. The concept of 'land' as a basis is usually expressed differently, e.g., '자연에 기초하다' (to be based on nature).

This idiom is not standard. A more appropriate expression would be: '그 건축물은 자연의 원리에 기초하여 설계되었습니다.' (That building was designed based on the principles of nature.)

N/A (Not a standard idiom)

"뿌리에 기초하다"

— To be based on the roots; to be fundamental. This implies a deep, fundamental basis or origin. Example: 그의 모든 작품은 인간 본성에 대한 깊은 이해에 기초하고 있습니다. (All of his works are based on a deep understanding of human nature.)

그의 모든 작품은 인간 본성에 대한 깊은 이해에 기초하고 있습니다.

Formal, Figurative

"신념에 기초하다"

— To be based on beliefs or convictions. This highlights the role of deeply held principles in guiding actions or thoughts. Example: 그녀의 행동은 확고한 신념에 기초하고 있었습니다. (Her actions were based on firm convictions.)

그녀의 행동은 확고한 신념에 기초하고 있었습니다.

Neutral, Formal

"현실에 기초하다"

— To be based on reality; to be practical. This emphasizes a foundation in actual circumstances rather than abstract ideas. Example: 우리의 계획은 현실에 기초하여 신중하게 수립되었습니다. (Our plan was carefully formulated based on reality.)

우리의 계획은 현실에 기초하여 신중하게 수립되었습니다.

Neutral, Formal

"사실에 기초한"

— Fact-based; grounded in facts. This is a common adjectival phrase used to describe information or arguments. Example: 우리는 사실에 기초한 보도를 신뢰합니다. (We trust fact-based reporting.)

우리는 사실에 기초한 보도를 신뢰합니다.

Formal, Journalistic

"이론에 기초한"

— Theory-based; theoretical. Used to describe concepts or approaches derived from theoretical principles. Example: 이 교육 방식은 학습 이론에 기초한 것입니다. (This teaching method is based on learning theory.)

이 교육 방식은 학습 이론에 기초한 것입니다.

Academic, Formal

"논리에 기초한"

— Logic-based; founded on logic. Describes reasoning or arguments that follow logical principles. Example: 그의 주장은 논리에 기초하여 매우 타당합니다. (His argument is very valid because it is based on logic.)

그의 주장은 논리에 기초하여 매우 타당합니다.

Formal, Academic

"감정에 기초한"

— Emotion-based; founded on feelings. Often used to contrast with logical or factual bases. Example: 감정에 기초한 결정은 위험할 수 있습니다. (Decisions based on emotion can be risky.)

감정에 기초한 결정은 위험할 수 있습니다.

Neutral, sometimes informal

"데이터에 기초한"

— Data-based; data-driven. Common in business and research contexts. Example: 이 전략은 데이터에 기초한 것이므로 성공 확률이 높습니다. (This strategy is data-based, so its probability of success is high.)

이 전략은 데이터에 기초한 것이므로 성공 확률이 높습니다.

Business, Research

"원칙에 기초한"

— Principle-based; founded on principles. Describes actions or decisions guided by core values or rules. Example: 그의 모든 사업은 윤리적 원칙에 기초하고 있습니다. (All of his businesses are based on ethical principles.)

그의 모든 사업은 윤리적 원칙에 기초하고 있습니다.

Formal, Ethical

Leicht verwechselbar

기초하다 vs 근거하다

Both mean 'to be based on' and are used in similar contexts.

'기초하다' can imply a more fundamental or historical basis, whereas '근거하다' often highlights the immediate evidence or justification for a statement or claim. For instance, a theory might be '기초하다' on broad principles, while an argument is '근거하다' on specific data points. However, they are frequently interchangeable.

이 연구는 기존 이론에 기초하고 있습니다. (This research is based on existing theories.) 그의 주장은 명백한 증거에 근거하고 있습니다. (His argument is based on clear evidence.)

기초하다 vs 기반하다

Both '기초하다' and '기반하다' mean 'to be based on' and share the concept of a foundation.

'기초하다' and '기반하다' are often interchangeable. '기반하다' might sometimes suggest a more structural or developmental foundation, especially in contexts like building infrastructure or establishing systems. '기초하다' can lean towards foundational principles or historical roots.

우리의 회사는 고객 만족에 기초하여 운영됩니다. (Our company operates based on customer satisfaction.) 이 시스템은 안정적인 네트워크에 기반하여 구축되었습니다. (This system was built based on a stable network.)

기초하다 vs 의거하다

All three verbs convey the idea of being based on something.

'의거하다' implies a more formal reliance on rules, laws, or established standards, often suggesting strict adherence or justification from authority. It's common in legal and official contexts. '기초하다' is broader and can be based on facts, principles, or data, not necessarily formal rules.

이 판결은 법률에 의거하여 내려졌습니다. (This verdict was rendered based on the law.) 그의 결정은 팀의 의견에 기초했습니다. (His decision was based on the team's opinions.)

기초하다 vs 유래하다

Both relate to origins.

'유래하다' (to originate from) focuses on the initial source or beginning of something, emphasizing where it came from. '기초하다' (to be based on) emphasizes what currently supports or justifies something, its ongoing foundation. Something can '유래하다' from a historical event and then '기초하다' on the principles established from that event.

이 전통은 고대 의식에서 유래했습니다. (This tradition originated from ancient rituals.) 이 전통은 고대 의식의 정신에 기초하고 있습니다. (This tradition is based on the spirit of ancient rituals.)

기초하다 vs 입각하다

Both suggest a stance or basis.

'입각하다' means 'to stand on' or 'to be based on,' typically referring to ideological, philosophical, or principled stances. It's often used in political or ethical contexts. '기초하다' is more general and can be based on facts, data, or principles, not exclusively ideologies.

그의 정치적 입장은 민주주의 원칙에 입각하고 있습니다. (His political stance is based on the principles of democracy.) 이 이론은 여러 관찰에 기초하고 있습니다. (This theory is based on multiple observations.)

Satzmuster

Noun + 에 + 기초해요.

이 그림은 내 동생 그림에 기초해요. (This drawing is based on my younger sibling's drawing.)

Noun + 에 + 기초하여 + Verb.

실험 결과에 기초하여, 우리는 결론을 내렸습니다. (Based on the experimental results, we made a conclusion.)

Noun + 은/는 + Noun + 에 + 기초하고 있습니다.

그의 주장은 확실한 증거에 기초하고 있습니다. (His argument is based on solid evidence.)

Noun + 을/를 + 기초로 하여 + Verb.

우리는 이 데이터를 기초로 하여 새로운 전략을 수립할 것입니다. (We will establish a new strategy using this data as a basis.)

Noun + 에 + 기초한 + Noun.

이것은 철저한 분석에 기초한 제안입니다. (This is a proposal based on thorough analysis.)

Noun + 에 + 기초하면서도 + (Contrast/Addition).

그의 작품은 고전 미술에 기초하면서도 현대적인 감각을 보여줍니다. (His work is based on classical art while also showing a modern sensibility.)

Noun + 은/는 + Noun + 에 + 기초하여 + (Result/Purpose).

본 연구는 생태학적 원리에 기초하여 지속 가능한 모델을 제안합니다. (This study proposes a sustainable model based on ecological principles.)

Noun + 에 + 기초하고 + 있으며, + (Further explanation/connection).

이 복잡한 시스템은 양자 역학의 원리에 기초하고 있으며, 이는 기존 이론으로는 설명하기 어렵습니다. (This complex system is based on the principles of quantum mechanics, which are difficult to explain with existing theories.)

Wortfamilie

Substantive

기초 Foundation, basis, groundwork.

기초자 Founder, one who establishes something.

Verben

기초하다 To be based on, to be founded upon.

Verwandt

기초적인 Basic, fundamental, elementary.

기반 Foundation, base, footing.

근거 Grounds, basis, evidence.

의거 Reliance, basis (often used in formal contexts).

토대 Foundation, groundwork.

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So verwendest du es

frequency

High, especially in written and formal spoken contexts.

Häufige Fehler

Using '기초하다' to mean 'to start'. → This research is based on existing statistical data. (이 연구는 기존 통계 자료에 기초하여 작성되었습니다.)
'기초하다' means 'to be based on' or 'to be founded upon,' indicating the source or justification. '시작하다' means 'to start' or 'to begin.' You cannot start something without a basis, but '기초하다' describes that basis itself.
Incorrect particle usage, e.g., omitting '~에'. → His argument is based on clear evidence. (그의 주장은 명백한 증거에 기초하고 있습니다.)
The particle '~에' is crucial for indicating what something is based *on*. Omitting it or using the wrong particle can lead to confusion. The structure '~을/를 기초로 하여' is also common but has a slightly different nuance.
Confusing '기초하다' with synonyms like '유래하다' (originate from). → This tradition is based on ancient rituals. (이 전통은 고대 의식에 기초하고 있습니다.)
'기초하다' refers to the ongoing support or foundation, while '유래하다' refers to the initial source or origin. Something can '유래하다' from an event and then '기초하다' on the principles derived from it.
Using '기초하다' for vague or subjective reasons without clear justification in formal contexts. → His decision was based on thorough market analysis. (그의 결정은 철저한 시장 분석에 기초했습니다.)
While '기초하다' can be used for abstract concepts, in formal settings, it implies a need for a reasonably clear and verifiable basis. Using it for purely subjective feelings without further explanation can sound weak.
Overusing '기초하다' when simpler phrasing would suffice. → The plan is ready. (계획이 준비되었습니다.)
While '기초하다' adds formality and precision, overuse can make sentences sound redundant or overly complex. Sometimes, simpler verbs or phrases are more natural for everyday communication.

Tipps

Focus on the Foundation

When using '기초하다', always ask yourself: 'What is this idea/action built upon?' The answer to this question is what you will connect with '~에' or '~을/를 기초로 하여'. It's about identifying the solid ground beneath something.

Particle Power

Pay close attention to the particles used with '기초하다'. '~에 기초하다' indicates what something is founded *upon*, while '~을/를 기초로 하여' highlights what is being used *as* the foundation for an action. Correct particle usage is crucial for clear meaning.

Synonym Spectrum

While '근거하다' and '기반하다' are close synonyms, remember that '기초하다' can sometimes carry a connotation of a more fundamental or historical basis. Consider the specific nuance you want to convey when choosing between these similar verbs.

Formal Footing

'기초하다' is a strong verb for formal contexts like academic writing, research, and business. Using it demonstrates that your points are well-supported and logically grounded, enhancing credibility.

The Building Analogy

Visualize building something – a house, a bridge, a theory. The essential first step is the '기초' (foundation). '기초하다' is the act of putting that foundation in place. This visual connection can help you remember the meaning and application of the verb.

Explain Your 'Why'

When you want to express the reason or basis for something, try using '기초하다'. For example, instead of just saying 'I like this book,' try 'I like this book because it's based on true events' (저는 이 책이 실제 사건에 기초하고 있어서 좋아해요).

Syllable Stress

Remember that the primary stress in '기초하다' falls on the first syllable: 기(GI)-초-하-다. Clear pronunciation of each syllable, especially the vowel sounds, will make your speech more understandable.

Hanja Clues

The Hanja characters 基礎 (基: base, 礎: foundation stone) clearly illustrate the meaning of '기초'. Understanding the etymology can reinforce the concept of a solid, fundamental support.

Justify Your Claims

In any discussion or writing, if you make a claim or state an opinion, use '기초하다' to show the audience what it is based on. This adds depth and authority to your points.

Beyond 'Starting'

Avoid confusing '기초하다' (to be based on) with '시작하다' (to start). While a basis is needed to start something, '기초하다' specifically refers to that underlying support, not the act of beginning.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Imagine building a house. You first need a strong '기초' (foundation). The verb '기초하다' is like the action of laying that foundation. So, when something is '기초하다', it means it's built on a solid base, just like a house is built on its foundation.

Visuelle Assoziation

Picture a sturdy, ancient stone foundation with a modern building being constructed on top of it. The stone foundation represents the '기초', and the act of building the structure upon it is '기초하다'. This visual reinforces the idea of building upon a solid base.

Word Web

Foundation Basis Groundwork Origin Justification Evidence Principle Data Theory Establishment Support Reliability Credibility

Herausforderung

Try to explain a recent decision you made or an opinion you hold. Use the verb '기초하다' to describe what it was based on. For example, 'My decision to learn Korean is based on my interest in Korean culture.' (제가 한국어를 배우기로 한 결정은 한국 문화에 대한 관심에 기초하고 있습니다.)

Wortherkunft

The word '기초하다' is derived from the Sino-Korean word '기초' (基礎). The Hanja characters provide a clear indication of its meaning. '基' (기) means 'base', 'foundation', or 'ground', and '礎' (초) means 'foundation stone' or 'basis'. Therefore, '기초' literally means a foundational stone or a solid base upon which something is built.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The original meaning conveyed by the Hanja 基礎 is a solid, primary base or foundation, essential for construction or establishment.

Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese characters)

Kultureller Kontext

The term is generally neutral and widely applicable. Its usage implies a positive attribute of having a solid basis, thus it is not sensitive in nature.

In English, we often use phrases like 'based on,' 'founded upon,' 'grounded in,' or 'stemming from.' The Korean '기초하다' encapsulates these meanings, emphasizing a solid and verifiable origin or support.

The construction of traditional Korean palaces and temples always began with meticulous '기초' (foundation) work, symbolizing stability and longevity. In Korean philosophy, understanding the '기초' (fundamental principles) of a subject is paramount before delving into advanced topics. The concept of '인과관계' (cause and effect) is closely related, where the cause serves as the '기초' for the effect.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Academic Research

이 연구는 ~에 기초합니다.
기초 자료 분석
이론적 기초
실험 결과에 기초한

Business and Strategy

시장 조사에 기초한 전략
데이터에 기초한 의사 결정
견고한 기초 위에
목표에 기초하여

Legal and Policy Discussions

법률에 기초한 판결
판례에 기초하여
원칙에 기초한 정책
증거에 기초한 주장

Everyday Explanations

내 생각은 ~에 기초해.
그의 결정은 ~에 기초했어.
~에 기초한 의견

Philosophy and Abstract Concepts

이론에 기초한 논의
원리에 기초한 사고
실존주의에 기초한

Gesprächseinstiege

"What is your opinion based on?"

"Can you tell me the basis for that decision?"

"What kind of data or facts are your arguments based on?"

"How is this plan founded upon previous work?"

"What core principles is this idea based on?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Describe a significant decision you made recently. What facts, principles, or experiences was it based on? Use '기초하다' in your explanation.

Reflect on a belief you hold strongly. What is the foundation or basis of this belief? Write about it using '기초하다'.

Think about a piece of advice you received. What was the basis for that advice? Describe it using '기초하다'.

Consider a project you are working on or have completed. What data, research, or initial ideas was it based on? Explain using '기초하다'.

What are the fundamental principles that guide your daily life? Write about them and how they form the basis of your actions, using '기초하다'.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

'기초하다' and '근거하다' are very similar and often interchangeable, both meaning 'to be based on.' However, '기초하다' can sometimes imply a more fundamental, underlying principle, or a historical foundation. '근거하다' tends to emphasize the immediate evidence or justification for a statement or claim. For example, a theory might be '기초하다' on broad scientific principles, while an argument is '근거하다' on specific data points. In many practical situations, either can be used.

Yes, '기초하다' can be used for abstract concepts like principles, values, theories, or beliefs. For instance, 'His decision was based on ethical principles' (그의 결정은 윤리적 원칙에 기초했습니다). The key is that the abstract concept serves as a discernible foundation for the action or statement.

'기초하다' is generally considered neutral to formal. It is very common in written Korean (academic papers, news, reports) and formal spoken Korean (lectures, presentations, debates). While it can be used in casual conversation, its directness and implication of a solid basis might sound slightly more formal than simpler expressions.

The most common particle is '~에', forming '~에 기초하다' (to be based on). Another common structure is '~을/를 기초로 하여' (using... as a basis). You might also see '~으로부터 기초하다' in some contexts, but '~에 기초하다' is the most prevalent.

While '기초하다' itself is an active verb, sentences describing something being 'based on' something else can sometimes take a passive-like construction, especially when emphasizing the result. For example, 'This report was written based on...' (이 보고서는 ~에 기초하여 작성되었습니다). The verb '작성되다' (to be written) is passive here, but the connection to '기초하여' is active.

'기초하다' means 'to be based on' or 'to be founded upon,' referring to the foundation or support for something. '시작하다' means 'to start' or 'to begin,' referring to the commencement of an action or event. You need a basis ('기초') to start something, but they describe different aspects.

In many cases, they are interchangeable. However, '기초하다' can lean towards fundamental principles or historical roots. '근거하다' often emphasizes evidence or immediate justification. '기반하다' might suggest a structural or developmental basis. When in doubt, '기초하다' or '근거하다' are generally safe choices in formal contexts.

The Hanja for '기초' is 基礎. '基' (gi) means 'base' or 'foundation,' and '礎' (cho) means 'foundation stone' or 'basis.' Together, they powerfully convey the idea of a solid, underlying support.

Yes, but it's more common in formal or analytical contexts. For example, 'My decision was based on my feelings of concern' (제 결정은 걱정된다는 감정에 기초했습니다). In very casual conversation, simpler phrasing might be used, but '기초하다' can add a layer of explanation to the basis of feelings.

Think of building a house. You need a strong '기초' (foundation) first. The verb '기초하다' is the action of laying that foundation. So, when something is '기초하다', it's built on a solid, established base.

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writing

Write a sentence explaining why you decided to learn Korean. Use the verb '기초하다' and mention at least one specific reason (e.g., interest in culture, career opportunities).

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.