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B2 verb #5,000 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

직시하다

jikshihada
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Erklärung 직시하다 in your Level:
This level is for absolute beginners. Explanations would focus on very basic concepts, perhaps using simple gestures or visual aids to convey the meaning of 'looking at something.' It would be highly contextual and rely on concrete examples like '이것을 봐요' (look at this), but '직시하다' is too advanced for A1.
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At A2, learners can understand simple sentences and common expressions related to immediate needs. For '직시하다', we might show a picture of someone looking directly at a problem (like a broken toy) and say '문제를 봐요' (look at the problem), but the nuance of 'facing' is still too complex. Concrete actions like '이것을 보세요' (please look at this) would be the focus.
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B1 learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters. We could start introducing the idea of facing a situation. For example, '어려운 일이 있어요. 그것을 봐야 해요.' (There is a difficult thing. You have to look at it.) The concept of 'facing' begins to emerge, but the formal verb '직시하다' might still be introduced with simpler synonyms or explanations.
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B2 learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics. This is where '직시하다' becomes highly relevant. They can grasp the nuances of confronting a difficult truth or situation. Explanations will focus on the difference between simply 'seeing' and actively 'facing' or 'confronting' something, highlighting the courage and directness involved. Examples will move towards abstract concepts like problems, realities, and personal flaws.
C1 learners can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. '직시하다' will be used in sophisticated contexts, discussing psychological states, societal issues, and philosophical concepts. Explanations will delve into the connotations of responsibility, honesty, and resilience associated with the word. Comparisons with more nuanced synonyms and antonyms will be explored.
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C2 learners can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. For '직시하다', the focus will be on its idiomatic usage, literary applications, and subtle differences in meaning depending on context. Advanced discussions on ethics, philosophy, and complex human experiences will utilize this verb extensively. The goal is complete mastery and intuitive understanding.
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직시하다 in 30 Sekunden

  • To face squarely, confront directly.
  • Implies not avoiding difficult situations or truths.
  • Requires courage and honesty.
  • Used for abstract concepts like problems, realities, mistakes.
Core Meaning
The Korean verb '직시하다' (jikshihada) translates to 'to face squarely,' 'to confront directly,' or 'to look directly at.' It implies a deliberate and unflinching engagement with something, whether it's a person, an object, a difficult situation, or an uncomfortable truth. It's about not turning away or avoiding what is in front of you.
Literal vs. Figurative
Literally, it can mean to look directly into someone's eyes or at an object without averting your gaze. However, it is far more commonly used in a figurative sense to describe facing a challenge, a problem, a harsh reality, or even one's own mistakes. It signifies a courageous and honest approach to a situation.
Nuance of Courage
The act of '직시하다' often carries a connotation of bravery. It suggests that the situation being faced is not easy, and that the person choosing to '직시하다' is making a conscious effort to be strong and resolute. It's the opposite of shirking responsibility or ignoring unpleasant facts.
When It's Used
You'll hear '직시하다' in discussions about personal growth, business challenges, political issues, ethical dilemmas, and psychological introspection. For instance, someone might need to '직시하다' their financial problems, a company might need to '직시하다' a decline in sales, or an individual might need to '직시하다' their own flaws. It's a verb that emphasizes honesty and directness in the face of difficulty.

그는 자신의 잘못을 직시하다 못했다.

He could not face his own mistakes.

어려운 현실을 직시하다는 것은 용기가 필요한 일이다.

Facing difficult realities requires courage.
Common Situations
You might use '직시하다' when a person needs to acknowledge a serious illness, a company must confront a major financial crisis, or a society has to face its historical injustices. It's about looking directly, without flinching, at what is presented.

그는 자신의 감정을 직시하다기로 결심했다.

He decided to face his emotions directly.
Basic Sentence Structure
'직시하다' is a verb, so it follows typical Korean verb conjugation. The most common form is '직시하다' (present tense, plain form), '직시합니다' (present tense, formal polite), or '직시해요' (present tense, informal polite). It often takes an object, which is usually the situation, truth, or person being faced. This object is typically marked with the object particle '을/를'.

우리는 문제의 심각성을 직시해야 합니다.

We must face the seriousness of the problem.
Facing Difficult Truths
This verb is particularly useful when discussing abstract or uncomfortable realities. It implies a conscious decision to acknowledge something that might be painful or challenging to accept. For example, acknowledging one's own shortcomings or the harsh realities of a social issue.

그녀는 자신의 실패를 직시하고 다시 일어섰다.

She faced her failure directly and stood up again.
Direct Confrontation
In interpersonal contexts, '직시하다' can mean to look someone directly in the eye, often during a serious or confrontational conversation. It signifies honesty, sincerity, or a demand for truth. It can also be used when addressing someone about a serious issue without beating around the bush.

선생님은 학생의 눈을 직시하며 충고했다.

The teacher advised the student while looking them directly in the eye.
Using the '-고 싶다' Form
Expressing the desire to face something is common. This is done using '-고 싶다' (want to). For example, '현실을 직시하고 싶어요' (I want to face reality).

더 이상 도망치지 않고, 이 상황을 직시하고 싶습니다.

I want to face this situation without running away any longer.
Using the '-어야/아야 하다' Form
This form indicates necessity or obligation. '직시해야 한다' means 'must face' or 'have to face.' This is a very frequent construction when discussing responsibilities or unavoidable truths.

우리는 이 위기를 직시해야만 한다.

We must face this crisis.
News and Current Affairs
'직시하다' is frequently used in news reports and analyses, especially when discussing political situations, economic downturns, social issues, or international relations. Journalists and commentators often urge leaders or the public to '직시하다' the facts or the gravity of a situation. For example, '정부는 경제 위기를 직시하고 대책을 마련해야 한다' (The government must face the economic crisis and prepare countermeasures).

전문가들은 기후 변화의 심각성을 직시할 것을 촉구했다.

Experts urged to face the seriousness of climate change.
Self-Help and Psychology
In books, articles, and talks about personal development, mental health, and self-improvement, '직시하다' is a cornerstone concept. It's about confronting one's own issues, fears, or past traumas. For instance, '자신의 약점을 직시하는 것이 성장의 첫걸음이다' (Facing one's weaknesses is the first step to growth).

그녀는 과거의 트라우마를 직시하기로 결정했다.

She decided to face her past trauma.
Business and Management
In the business world, leaders are often advised to '직시하다' market trends, competitor actions, or internal problems. It implies a realistic and objective assessment of the business environment. A CEO might say, '우리는 시장의 변화를 직시하고 혁신해야 합니다' (We must face the market changes and innovate).

회사는 실적 부진을 직시하고 새로운 전략을 수립했다.

The company faced its poor performance and established a new strategy.
Literature and Philosophy
In more reflective or philosophical contexts, '직시하다' can refer to the human condition, existential questions, or the nature of reality. Authors might use it to describe characters confronting their mortality, their choices, or the complexities of life.

인간은 삶의 유한함을 직시할 때 비로소 진정한 의미를 찾을 수 있다.

Humans can find true meaning only when they face the finiteness of life.
Confusing with '보다' (to see)
A common mistake is to use '보다' (to see) when '직시하다' is more appropriate. While '보다' is general seeing, '직시하다' implies a direct, intentional, and often challenging look. For example, saying '나는 그 문제를 봤다' (I saw the problem) is less impactful than '나는 그 문제를 직시했다' (I faced the problem directly). '보다' is about perception, while '직시하다' is about confrontation and acknowledgment.

Incorrect: 나는 그의 눈을 봤다 (when meaning 'I looked him in the eye directly').

Correct: 나는 그의 눈을 직시했다.
Overuse in Simple Situations
'직시하다' carries a weight of seriousness. Using it for everyday, trivial observations can sound unnatural or overly dramatic. For instance, you wouldn't '직시하다' a cup of coffee on your desk; you would simply '보다' (see) or '마시다' (drink) it. Reserve '직시하다' for situations that demand direct confrontation or acknowledgment of something significant.

Incorrect: 나는 책상 위의 펜을 직시했다.

Correct: 나는 책상 위의 펜을 보았다.
Incorrect Particle Usage
While '을/를' is the most common object particle, sometimes learners might struggle with which particle to use or omit it entirely. Ensure that the object being faced is correctly marked, or if it's implied, that the verb conjugation is appropriate. For abstract nouns like '현실' (reality) or '문제' (problem), '을/를' is almost always used.

Incorrect: 그는 진실 직시했다.

Correct: 그는 진실을 직시했다.
Confusing with '마주하다' (to face/encounter)
'마주하다' also means 'to face,' but it often implies encountering something unexpectedly or being face-to-face with something without necessarily the same connotation of deliberate, unflinching confrontation that '직시하다' carries. '직시하다' is more active and resolute. For example, you might '마주하다' a stranger on the street, but you would '직시하다' a difficult truth. However, in some contexts, they can be interchangeable, especially when facing a situation.

While '어려운 상황을 마주하다' is correct, '어려운 상황을 직시하다' adds a layer of active, determined confrontation.

Context is key: '직시하다' emphasizes the internal resolve to confront.
보다 (boda) - To see/look
This is the most general verb for seeing or looking. '직시하다' is a specific type of '보다', one that is direct, intentional, and often involves confronting something. You '보다' a flower, but you '직시하다' a difficult truth.
Feature직시하다 (jikshihada)보다 (boda)
MeaningTo face squarely, confront directlyTo see, look
NuanceActive, intentional, courageous confrontation with something significant or difficult.General perception, passive or active observation.
Usage Example문제를 직시하다 (face the problem)하늘을 보다 (look at the sky)
마주하다 (majuhada) - To face/encounter
This verb means to face or encounter something, often implying being face-to-face. It can be used for both people and situations. While it shares the idea of 'facing,' '직시하다' emphasizes the internal resolve and direct confrontation with a difficult truth or situation, whereas '마주하다' can be more about the physical act of facing or an unexpected encounter.
Feature직시하다 (jikshihada)마주하다 (majuhada)
MeaningTo face squarely, confront directlyTo face, encounter
NuanceActive, determined, often with a moral or psychological dimension. Implies unflinching gaze at truth/difficulty.Can be physical (face-to-face) or situational. Less emphasis on internal resolve. Can be neutral or slightly negative (encountering a problem).
Usage Example현실을 직시하다 (face reality)적과 마주하다 (face the enemy)
정면으로 대하다 (jeongmyeoneuro daehada) - To face head-on
This phrase literally means 'to treat/face head-on.' It strongly emphasizes directness and lack of avoidance, very similar to '직시하다'. It's often used for challenges, problems, or difficult situations. It's a strong alternative that conveys a similar sense of resolute confrontation.
Feature직시하다 (jikshihada)정면으로 대하다 (jeongmyeoneuro daehada)
MeaningTo face squarely, confront directlyTo face head-on, deal with directly
NuanceFocuses on the direct gaze and acknowledgment of a truth or situation.Emphasizes direct engagement and tackling a problem without evasion.
Usage Example그는 자신의 두려움을 직시했다.우리는 이 위기를 정면으로 대해야 한다.
인정하다 (injeonghada) - To admit/acknowledge
'인정하다' means to admit or acknowledge something as true. While '직시하다' involves acknowledging something, it specifically emphasizes the act of facing it directly, often implying a struggle or a need for courage. '인정하다' is the result or the verbal confession of that acknowledgment. You might '직시하다' a mistake and then '인정하다' it.
Feature직시하다 (jikshihada)인정하다 (injeonghada)
MeaningTo face squarely, confront directlyTo admit, acknowledge
NuanceThe act of confronting and looking directly at something. Often implies effort or courage.The verbal or mental acceptance of something as true or valid. The outcome of facing.
Usage Example자신의 한계를 직시하다.실수를 인정하다.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The concept of '직시' (direct looking) was historically associated with sincerity and honesty in East Asian cultures. Averting one's gaze could be seen as evasive or dishonest, while looking directly conveyed confidence and truthfulness. This cultural nuance still influences the perception of '직시하다' today, lending it an air of integrity.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /t͡ʃik.si.ha.da/
US /t͡ʃik.si.ha.da/
The primary stress falls on the first syllable: 직 (jik). There might be secondary stress on '하' (ha) in some natural speech patterns.
Reimt sich auf
가다 (gada - to go) 하다 (hada - to do) 보다 (boda - to see) 사다 (sada - to buy) 받다 (batda - to receive) 닫다 (datda - to close) 나다 (nada - to come out) 자다 (jada - to sleep)
Häufige Fehler
  • Pronouncing 'ㅊ' as 'sh' instead of 'ch'.
  • Making the 'ㅅ' sound too strong, almost like 'ss'.
  • Confusing the vowel sounds, especially 'ㅣ' and 'ㅏ'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 4/5

At B2 level, learners are expected to understand this verb in various contexts, including abstract ones. Recognizing its nuance compared to simpler verbs like '보다' is key.

Schreiben 4/5

Using '직시하다' appropriately requires understanding its connotations of courage and direct confrontation, making it a good verb for expressing nuanced ideas in writing.

Sprechen 4/5

To use '직시하다' effectively in speaking, learners need to internalize its meaning and be able to apply it spontaneously in contexts requiring directness and honesty.

Hören 4/5

Understanding '직시하다' in spoken Korean requires familiarity with its common phrases and the ability to discern its meaning within the flow of conversation, especially when discussing serious topics.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

보다 (to see) 하다 (to do) 문제 (problem) 현실 (reality) 상황 (situation)

Als Nächstes lernen

회피하다 (to avoid) 인정하다 (to admit) 대처하다 (to cope with/deal with) 극복하다 (to overcome) 맞서다 (to stand against/confront)

Fortgeschritten

성찰하다 (to introspect) 고뇌하다 (to agonize) 수용하다 (to accept) 직면하다 (to face/be confronted with)

Wichtige Grammatik

Object Particle Usage (을/를)

The object of '직시하다' (the thing being faced) is typically marked with the object particle '을/를'. For example: '문제를 직시하다' (to face the problem).

Verb Conjugation: '-어야/아야 하다' (must/have to)

This is very common with '직시하다' to express necessity: '우리는 이 상황을 직시해야 합니다.' (We must face this situation.)

Verb Conjugation: '-고 싶다' (want to)

Expressing desire to face something: '나는 내 잘못을 직시하고 싶다.' (I want to face my mistakes.)

Connecting Clauses with '-면서' (while doing)

Describing an action performed while facing something: '그녀는 자신의 감정을 직시하면서 일했다.' (She worked while facing her emotions directly.)

Nominalization with '-기' (doing)

Turning the verb into a noun phrase: '현실을 직시하기는 어렵다.' (Facing reality is difficult.)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

나는 내 숙제를 해야 한다는 것을 알아요.

I know that I have to do my homework.

This uses a simpler verb like '하다' (to do) or '보다' (to see) in relation to the task.

2

그녀는 문제를 보려고 노력했어요.

She tried to look at the problem.

Introduces the idea of 'trying to look at' a problem.

3

우리는 이 상황을 어떻게 해야 할지 생각해야 해요.

We have to think about what to do with this situation.

Focuses on thinking about a situation, a precursor to facing it.

4

그는 자신의 실수를 알았어요.

He knew his mistake.

Simple acknowledgment of a mistake.

5

가끔은 어려운 것을 봐야 해요.

Sometimes you have to see difficult things.

Using '보다' (to see) with 'difficult things'.

6

저는 그 사람의 눈을 똑바로 봤어요.

I looked straight into that person's eyes.

Literal meaning of looking directly.

7

이 문제를 해결하기 위해 노력해야 합니다.

We must try to solve this problem.

Focuses on the effort to solve, implying engagement with the problem.

8

그녀는 자신의 감정을 숨기지 않으려고 했어요.

She tried not to hide her emotions.

Indirectly relates to not avoiding emotions.

1

그는 자신의 실패를 냉정하게 직시했다.

He coolly faced his failure.

'냉정하게' (coolly) adds to the sense of objective confrontation.

2

우리는 이 사회 문제의 근본 원인을 직시해야 한다.

We must face the root causes of this social problem directly.

Focuses on confronting abstract, systemic issues.

3

그녀는 어려운 현실을 직시하고 새로운 계획을 세웠다.

She faced the difficult reality and made a new plan.

Connects facing reality with taking action.

4

진실을 직시하는 것은 때로는 고통스럽지만, 성장을 위해 필수적이다.

Facing the truth is sometimes painful, but essential for growth.

Highlights the connection between facing truth and personal development.

5

그는 자신의 잘못을 회피하지 않고 똑바로 직시했다.

He did not avoid his mistakes but faced them squarely.

'회피하지 않고' (without avoiding) emphasizes the deliberate nature of '직시하다'.

6

회사는 시장의 변화를 직시하고 혁신적인 제품을 개발했다.

The company faced the market changes and developed innovative products.

Application in a business context: confronting market shifts.

7

그는 상대방의 눈을 똑바로 직시하며 자신의 입장을 분명히 했다.

He clearly stated his position while looking the other person directly in the eye.

Literal meaning in a confrontational or assertive context.

8

우리는 이 위기 상황을 직시하고 슬기롭게 대처해야 한다.

We must face this crisis situation and deal with it wisely.

Emphasizes facing a crisis and responding appropriately.

1

그는 자신의 내면의 어둠을 직시함으로써 비로소 진정한 평화를 얻었다.

He finally found true peace by facing his inner darkness directly.

Psychological context: confronting internal struggles.

2

역사적 과오를 직시하지 못하는 국가는 미래를 보장받을 수 없다.

A nation that cannot face its historical mistakes cannot guarantee its future.

Societal and historical context: facing past wrongdoings.

3

진실은 종종 불편하지만, 그것을 직시하는 용기가 우리를 더 강하게 만든다.

Truth is often uncomfortable, but the courage to face it makes us stronger.

Philosophical aspect: the value and consequence of facing truth.

4

그는 자신의 이상과 현실 사이의 괴리를 직시하며 고뇌했다.

He agonized while facing the gap between his ideals and reality.

Existential and introspective use: confronting discrepancies.

5

기업은 끊임없이 변화하는 시장 환경을 직시하고 민첩하게 대응해야 한다.

Companies must face the constantly changing market environment and respond agilely.

Advanced business strategy: dynamic environmental facing.

6

그녀는 타인의 시선을 의식하기보다 자신의 신념을 직시하며 나아갔다.

Rather than being conscious of others' gazes, she moved forward facing her own beliefs directly.

Focuses on internal conviction versus external pressure.

7

과학자들은 아직 밝혀지지 않은 우주의 신비를 직시하며 탐구를 계속하고 있다.

Scientists continue their exploration, facing the mysteries of the universe that are not yet revealed.

Scientific exploration: facing the unknown.

8

우리는 민주주의 사회에서 발생할 수 있는 모든 부조리를 직시할 책임이 있다.

We have a responsibility to face all absurdities that can occur in a democratic society.

Ethical and civic responsibility: confronting societal flaws.

Synonyme

마주하다 똑바로 보다 대면하다 통찰하다

Häufige Kollokationen

현실을 직시하다
문제점을 직시하다
자신의 잘못을 직시하다
진실을 직시하다
어려움을 직시하다
위기를 직시하다
상대방의 눈을 직시하다
미래를 직시하다
두려움을 직시하다
결과를 직시하다

Häufige Phrasen

현실을 직시하다

— To face reality directly.

더 이상 꿈만 꿀 수는 없다. 이제 현실을 직시해야 할 때다.

자신의 잘못을 직시하다

— To confront one's own mistakes.

자신의 잘못을 직시하는 것이 성장의 첫걸음입니다.

문제를 직시하다

— To face a problem directly.

문제를 직시하지 않으면 해결할 수 없습니다.

진실을 직시하다

— To face the truth.

비록 힘들지라도 진실을 직시하는 것이 중요합니다.

어려움을 직시하다

— To face difficulties.

어려움을 직시하는 용기가 필요합니다.

위기를 직시하다

— To face a crisis.

정부는 위기를 직시하고 국민을 안심시켜야 한다.

두려움을 직시하다

— To face one's fears.

진정한 용기란 두려움을 직시하는 것이다.

결과를 직시하다

— To face the consequences.

자신의 행동에 대한 결과를 직시해야 할 책임이 있다.

상황을 직시하다

— To face the situation.

현재 상황을 직시하고 최선의 방법을 찾아야 한다.

눈을 직시하다

— To look someone in the eye directly.

그는 내 눈을 직시하며 진심을 전했다.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

직시하다 vs 보다 (boda)

'보다' is simply 'to see.' '직시하다' implies a deliberate, direct, and often challenging confrontation with something, going beyond mere observation.

직시하다 vs 마주하다 (majuhada)

While both mean 'to face,' '직시하다' emphasizes the internal resolve and directness in confronting a truth or problem, whereas '마주하다' can be more about a neutral encounter or being face-to-face.

직시하다 vs 무시하다 (musihada)

This is a direct antonym. '직시하다' is to face directly, while '무시하다' is to ignore or disregard.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"눈을 똑바로 직시하다"

— To look someone squarely in the eye; to confront someone directly without flinching.

그는 범죄자에게서 눈을 똑바로 직시하며 진실을 요구했다.

Neutral
"현실을 직시하다"

— To face reality squarely, acknowledging the unvarnished truth of a situation.

더 이상 환상에 빠져 있을 수 없다. 이제 현실을 직시할 때이다.

Neutral
"문제의 핵심을 직시하다"

— To directly confront the core of a problem.

이 문제의 핵심을 직시해야만 근본적인 해결책을 찾을 수 있다.

Formal
"자신의 그림자를 직시하다"

— To confront one's own flaws, dark side, or hidden aspects of oneself.

진정한 자기 성찰은 자신의 그림자를 직시하는 것에서 시작된다.

Figurative/Psychological
"정면으로 직시하다"

— To face something head-on, directly and without any attempt to circumvent it.

그는 다가오는 위기를 정면으로 직시하기로 결심했다.

Formal
"불편한 진실을 직시하다"

— To confront an uncomfortable truth.

많은 사람들이 불편한 진실을 직시하는 것을 꺼린다.

Neutral
"결과를 직시하다"

— To face the consequences of one's actions.

자신의 선택에 대한 결과를 직시하는 것은 책임감 있는 태도이다.

Neutral
"피할 수 없는 것을 직시하다"

— To face something that cannot be avoided.

죽음은 피할 수 없는 것이므로, 우리는 그것을 직시해야 한다.

Philosophical
"미래를 직시하다"

— To face the future directly and with awareness.

과거에 얽매이지 말고 미래를 직시하며 나아가자.

Neutral
"자신의 한계를 직시하다"

— To acknowledge one's own limitations.

자신의 한계를 직시해야 더 발전할 수 있다.

Neutral

Leicht verwechselbar

직시하다 vs 마주하다

Both verbs involve 'facing' something.

'직시하다' implies a deliberate, often courageous, and unflinching confrontation with a truth, problem, or reality. It suggests looking squarely without evasion. '마주하다' can mean to face something physically (like encountering someone) or to encounter a situation, but it doesn't carry the same strong connotation of determined, direct confrontation with difficulty as '직시하다'.

그는 어려운 현실을 직시했다. (He faced the difficult reality directly, implying resolve.) vs. 그는 예상치 못한 난관을 마주했다. (He encountered an unexpected difficulty, which might have been more of an event than a deliberate confrontation.)

직시하다 vs 응시하다

Both involve looking intently.

'응시하다' means to gaze intently or stare, often at a person or object, focusing on the act of looking fixedly. '직시하다' is about facing and confronting a situation, truth, or problem directly, often with a sense of determination or courage. While '응시하다' can be part of '직시하다' (e.g., looking someone in the eye), '직시하다' is broader and more conceptual.

그는 그녀의 눈을 응시했다. (He stared into her eyes, focusing on the act of intense looking.) vs. 그는 자신의 실패를 직시했다. (He faced his failure directly, implying acknowledgment and resolve.)

직시하다 vs 정면으로 대하다

This phrase is very similar in meaning and usage.

'직시하다' is a single verb that means to face squarely or confront directly. '정면으로 대하다' is a phrase that literally translates to 'to face head-on' or 'to deal with head-on.' Both convey the idea of direct confrontation without avoidance. '직시하다' might slightly emphasize the internal act of looking squarely, while '정면으로 대하다' emphasizes the active engagement with the issue.

우리는 이 문제를 직시해야 한다. (We must face this problem directly.) vs. 우리는 이 문제를 정면으로 대해야 한다. (We must face this problem head-on.)

직시하다 vs 외면하다

It's a direct antonym.

'외면하다' means to turn one's face away, to look away, or to ignore. It is the complete opposite of '직시하다', which means to look directly and squarely at something. '외면하다' represents avoidance, while '직시하다' represents confrontation.

그는 불편한 진실을 외면했다. (He turned away from the uncomfortable truth.) vs. 그는 불편한 진실을 직시했다. (He faced the uncomfortable truth directly.)

직시하다 vs 인정하다

Both relate to acknowledging something.

'직시하다' is the act of facing or confronting something directly, often implying courage and a willingness to see it as it is. '인정하다' means to admit or acknowledge something as true or valid. One typically '직시하다' a situation or truth *before* they can '인정하다' it. '직시하다' is the active confrontation, while '인정하다' is the acceptance or confession.

그는 자신의 잘못을 직시하고 마침내 인정했다. (He faced his mistake directly and finally admitted it.)

Satzmuster

B1

Noun + 을/를 + 보다 (Simple facing)

나는 그 문제를 봤어요. (I saw the problem.)

B1/B2

Noun + 을/를 + 직시하다

그는 자신의 실수를 직시했다. (He faced his mistake directly.)

B2

Noun + 을/를 + 직시하다 + -어야/아야 하다

우리는 이 위기를 직시해야 한다. (We must face this crisis.)

B2

Noun + 을/를 + 직시하다 + -고 싶다

나는 이 현실을 직시하고 싶습니다. (I want to face this reality.)

B2/C1

Noun + 을/를 + 직시하다 + -면서

그녀는 자신의 감정을 직시하면서 글을 썼다. (She wrote while facing her emotions directly.)

C1

Noun + 을/를 + 직시하다 + -기 어렵다

이것은 직시하기 어려운 진실이다. (This is a difficult truth to face.)

C1

Noun + 을/를 + 직시하다 + -는 것

현실을 직시하는 것이 중요하다. (Facing reality is important.)

C1/C2

Noun + 을/를 + 직시하다 + -는 용기

진실을 직시하는 용기가 필요하다. (Courage to face the truth is needed.)

Wortfamilie

Substantive

직시 (jikshi - direct look, confrontation)

Verben

직시하다 (jikshihada - to face squarely)

Verwandt

정면으로 (jeongmyeoneuro - head-on, directly)
똑바로 (ttokbaro - straight, directly)
냉정하게 (naengjeonghage - coolly, calmly)
용감하게 (yonggamhage - bravely)
솔직하게 (soljikhage - honestly)
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So verwendest du es

frequency

Common, especially in B2-C1 level discourse.

Häufige Fehler
  • Using '보다' when '직시하다' is needed. → 그는 문제를 직시했다.

    While '보다' means 'to see', '직시하다' implies a deliberate, direct, and often courageous confrontation with a problem or truth. Using '보다' would weaken the sense of direct engagement.

  • Confusing '직시하다' with '마주하다' in contexts requiring strong resolve. → 그는 자신의 실패를 직시했다.

    '직시하다' emphasizes the internal resolve and unflinching confrontation with a difficult truth or situation. '마주하다' can be a more neutral encounter. For facing failure, '직시하다' conveys more determination.

  • Using '직시하다' for trivial observations. → 나는 책상 위의 펜을 보았다.

    '직시하다' carries a weight of seriousness and direct confrontation. It's inappropriate for simply looking at everyday objects. '보다' is sufficient for such cases.

  • Incorrectly conjugating or omitting object particles. → 그는 현실을 직시했다.

    The object being faced (e.g., '현실' - reality) typically requires the object particle '을/를'. Omitting it or using the wrong particle can lead to grammatical errors.

  • Confusing '직시하다' with its antonyms like '외면하다'. → 그는 진실을 직시했다.

    '직시하다' means to face directly, while '외면하다' means to turn away or ignore. Confusing them leads to conveying the opposite meaning.

Tipps

Look for the 'Why'

When you encounter '직시하다', ask yourself *why* the subject needs to face this directly. Is it a matter of courage, honesty, necessity, or a lack of alternatives? Understanding the motivation behind the action will deepen your comprehension.

Compare with '마주하다'

Think of '직시하다' as a more determined and resolute form of 'facing' compared to '마주하다'. If someone is simply encountering a situation, they '마주하다'. If they are actively and bravely confronting a difficult truth, they '직시하다'.

It's an Active Verb

'직시하다' implies an active choice and effort to confront something. It's not passive observation. Think of it as an action requiring resolve, unlike simply 'seeing' (보다).

Courage and Honesty

The word often carries connotations of bravery, integrity, and the willingness to acknowledge unpleasant facts. It's associated with personal strength and facing challenges head-on.

Object Particle is Key

Remember that '직시하다' usually takes a direct object (the thing being faced), marked with '을/를'. Pay attention to what is being 'faced' to understand the full meaning.

Visualize the 'Straight Look'

Imagine someone looking '직' (straight) with their '시' (eyes) fixed on something difficult. This visual can help you remember the core meaning of direct, unwavering confrontation.

Create Your Own Scenarios

Write sentences using '직시하다' in different contexts: personal challenges, societal issues, business decisions. This active practice will solidify your understanding and usage.

Know its Opposite

Understanding the antonyms like '회피하다' (to avoid) or '외면하다' (to turn away) helps clarify the meaning of '직시하다' by highlighting what it is *not*.

Integrity and Sincerity

In Korean culture, directness and honesty are valued. '직시하다' aligns with this, suggesting a person of integrity who doesn't shy away from difficult truths or responsibilities.

Beyond the Literal

Explore how '직시하다' is used in philosophical or psychological contexts, such as facing one's inner darkness or existential truths. This shows the depth and versatility of the word.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Imagine a person standing on a cliff edge, looking '직' (straight) down at the vast '시' (sea) below. They are facing their fears directly, not looking away. '직시하다' - looking straight at the sea from a cliff.

Visuelle Assoziation

Picture someone with a magnifying glass held directly over a problem or a difficult text, examining it closely and without distraction. The magnifying glass represents the direct, focused gaze of '직시하다'.

Word Web

Facing Confronting Direct Look Honesty Courage Reality Truth Problems

Herausforderung

Try to use '직시하다' in three sentences describing situations where someone has to be brave and face something difficult. For example, 'The student had to 직시하다 his poor grades.' or 'The politician had to 직시하다 the public's anger.'

Wortherkunft

The word '직시하다' is derived from the Hanja (Chinese characters used in Korean) '直視'. '直' (jik) means 'straight' or 'direct,' and '視' (shi) means 'to see' or 'to look.' Therefore, the literal meaning is 'to look straight' or 'to look directly.'

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The original meaning is purely literal: to look directly at something or someone without averting one's gaze.

Sino-Korean (derived from Chinese characters)

Kultureller Kontext

When using '직시하다' in a literal sense (e.g., looking someone in the eye), be mindful of cultural norms regarding personal space and intensity of gaze, which can vary. Metaphorically, using it to describe facing difficult truths or problems aligns with a general human need for honesty and courage, but the specific context should always be considered.

In English-speaking cultures, direct eye contact is also valued, but the emphasis might be more on politeness or assertiveness depending on the context. 'To face squarely' or 'to confront directly' are good English equivalents that capture the essence of '직시하다'.

Historical figures known for their integrity and directness in leadership. Philosophical texts discussing the importance of confronting reality. Modern self-help literature emphasizing personal accountability and facing one's issues.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Discussing personal challenges or flaws.

  • 자신의 단점을 직시하다
  • 과거를 직시하다
  • 두려움을 직시하다

Analyzing societal or political issues.

  • 사회 문제를 직시하다
  • 정치적 현실을 직시하다
  • 역사적 과오를 직시하다

Business and economic situations.

  • 시장 상황을 직시하다
  • 위기를 직시하다
  • 실적을 직시하다

Making difficult decisions.

  • 결과를 직시하다
  • 선택을 직시하다
  • 책임을 직시하다

Interpersonal communication during serious talks.

  • 상대방의 눈을 직시하다
  • 진실을 직시하다
  • 오해를 직시하다

Gesprächseinstiege

"What's something difficult you had to face squarely recently?"

"When is it most important to '직시하다' a situation?"

"How does facing your fears directly ('두려움을 직시하다') change you?"

"Can you think of a time when someone didn't '직시하다' the problem, and what happened?"

"What are the benefits of '현실을 직시하다' (facing reality)?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Write about a time you had to '직시하다' a personal mistake. What was the outcome?

Describe a situation where you witnessed someone else '직시하다' a difficult challenge. What did you learn from it?

Imagine you are advising someone who is avoiding a problem. How would you encourage them to '직시하다' it?

Reflect on a societal issue that needs to be '직시하다' more openly. What are the challenges in doing so?

How does the concept of '직시하다' relate to personal growth and resilience in your opinion?

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

The most basic meaning of '직시하다' is to look directly at someone or something without averting your gaze. It's about a straightforward, unflinching look.

It's commonly used metaphorically to mean facing a difficult situation, a harsh reality, a problem, or one's own mistakes directly, without avoidance. It implies courage and honesty in confronting these abstract concepts.

While the act of '직시하다' often implies positive qualities like courage and honesty, the situation being faced can be negative. For example, one might '직시하다' a dire financial crisis. The word itself describes the method of confrontation, not necessarily the outcome or the nature of what is being confronted.

You can use '보다' (to see) in simpler contexts. However, '직시하다' adds a layer of intensity, directness, and often a sense of necessity or courage that '보다' lacks. If you want to emphasize facing something squarely and without evasion, '직시하다' is the better choice.

Very common phrases include '현실을 직시하다' (to face reality), '자신의 잘못을 직시하다' (to face one's own mistakes), '문제를 직시하다' (to face a problem), and '진실을 직시하다' (to face the truth).

'직시하다' emphasizes a deliberate, direct, and often courageous confrontation with a truth or problem. '마주하다' can mean to face something physically or to encounter a situation, but it doesn't always carry the same strong implication of determined, unflinching confrontation.

'직시하다' can be used in both formal and neutral contexts. Its formality depends on the conjugation used (e.g., 직시합니다 is formal, 직시해요 is informal polite). It's generally not considered slang.

The noun form is '직시' (jikshi), which means 'direct look' or 'confrontation'.

Yes, it can be used literally to mean looking someone directly in the eye, especially in a serious or confrontational context. Metaphorically, it can also mean confronting a person about an issue.

Key antonyms include '회피하다' (to avoid), '무시하다' (to ignore), and '외면하다' (to turn away/look away).

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