제외하다 in 30 Sekunden
- To exclude or leave out.
- Intentionally not including something/someone.
- The opposite of inclusion.
- Used for items, people, or data.
The Korean verb '제외하다' (je-oe-ha-da) translates to 'to exclude', 'to omit', or 'to leave out'. It signifies the act of intentionally setting something or someone apart from a larger group, list, or consideration. Think of it as the opposite of inclusion; instead of bringing something in, you are purposefully keeping it out. This verb is used in a wide variety of situations, from formal administrative contexts to everyday conversations, whenever a selection or a decision is made to not include a particular item or person.
- Formal Settings
- In official documents, meeting minutes, or legal proceedings, '제외하다' is used to specify items or individuals that are not part of a particular rule, benefit, or scope. For instance, a clause might state that certain conditions are excluded from the agreement.
- Everyday Decisions
- In daily life, you might use '제외하다' when making plans. For example, if you are organizing a dinner and decide to exclude a certain dish due to dietary restrictions, or if you are creating a guest list and decide to exclude someone for a specific reason. It’s about making choices and defining boundaries.
- Data and Lists
- When working with data, lists, or statistics, '제외하다' is crucial for filtering. You might exclude outliers, irrelevant entries, or specific categories to focus on a particular subset of information. This ensures that the analysis or presentation is relevant and accurate for its intended purpose.
- Social Contexts
- In social interactions, though perhaps less direct, the concept applies when someone is made to feel excluded or when a group intentionally excludes a member from an activity. While the verb itself might be used more formally, the underlying meaning of exclusion is a common social dynamic.
이 프로젝트에서는 특정 오류를 제외하고 모든 결과를 보고해야 합니다. (In this project, all results must be reported, excluding specific errors.)
Understanding '제외하다' helps you grasp nuances in decision-making, policy implementation, and even social dynamics where boundaries are drawn and maintained. It’s a fundamental verb for expressing the concept of separation from a whole.
Mastering '제외하다' involves understanding its grammatical structure and how it interacts with other words in a sentence. Typically, it takes an object, which is the item or person being excluded, marked by the object particle '을/를'. The verb itself is conjugated according to tense and politeness level.
- Basic Structure
- The most common structure is: [Thing/Person to be excluded] + '을/를' + '제외하다'. For example, '나를 제외하고 모두 참석했어요.' (Everyone attended except for me.) Here, '나를' (me) is the object being excluded.
- Using with Lists and Groups
- When excluding something from a list or a group, you might say: '이 목록에서 불필요한 항목들을 제외했어요.' (I excluded unnecessary items from this list.) The phrase '이 목록에서' (from this list) provides the context of the group from which the exclusion is made.
- Expressing Exceptions
- '제외하다' is often used to express exceptions to a general rule or statement. For instance: '모든 직원이 휴가를 갈 수 있지만, 필수 인력은 제외됩니다.' (All employees can go on vacation, but essential personnel are excluded.)
- Adverbial Use with '-고'
- The connective form '-고' (and/then) can link clauses where exclusion is a preceding action or condition. '문제점을 분석하고, 개선 방안을 제외한 나머지 부분을 검토했습니다.' (After analyzing the problems, we reviewed the parts excluding the improvement measures.)
- Adnominal Form '-ㄴ/은/는'
- The adnominal form '제외한' (je-oe-han) acts like an adjective, modifying a noun. '금요일을 제외한 모든 날에 비가 올 것으로 예상됩니다.' (It is expected to rain on all days except Friday.)
회의 참석자 명단에서 그의 이름을 제외하기로 결정했습니다. (We decided to exclude his name from the list of meeting attendees.)
Practice constructing sentences with different subjects and objects to get a feel for how '제외하다' functions in various grammatical structures. This will greatly improve your fluency and accuracy.
The verb '제외하다' is a versatile word that appears in a multitude of real-world scenarios, reflecting its practical importance in communication. You'll encounter it in environments where decisions, classifications, and selections are made.
- Business and Administration
- In corporate settings, '제외하다' is frequently used in reports, proposals, and meeting discussions. For example, when discussing budget allocations, a manager might say, '이 항목은 이번 예산에서 제외될 것입니다.' (This item will be excluded from this budget.) It's also common in HR when defining eligibility criteria for benefits or promotions.
- Academic and Research
- In academic papers and research, '제외하다' is used to specify the scope of a study or the data points that were omitted from analysis. A researcher might write, '실험 결과에서 이상치를 제외하고 통계 분석을 수행했습니다.' (Statistical analysis was performed excluding outliers from the experimental results.)
- News and Media
- News reports often use this word when discussing policy changes, event cancellations, or social issues. For instance, a news anchor might state, '정부는 특정 지역 주민들을 지원 대상에서 제외하기로 결정했습니다.' (The government has decided to exclude residents of certain areas from the support.)
- Legal and Government
- In legal documents and government regulations, '제외하다' is essential for defining the boundaries of laws and rules. A contract might specify, '본 계약은 천재지변으로 인한 손해는 제외합니다.' (This contract excludes damages caused by natural disasters.)
- Everyday Planning and Discussions
- Even in casual conversations, the concept of exclusion is present. If friends are planning a trip and someone says, '이번 여행에서는 아이들은 제외하고 어른들만 가기로 했어요.' (For this trip, we decided to go without the children, only adults.), they are using the idea of '제외하다'.
안내문에 따르면, 3세 미만 어린이는 입장 대상에서 제외됩니다. (According to the notice, children under 3 years old are excluded from admission.)
By familiarizing yourself with these common contexts, you'll develop a better intuition for when and how '제외하다' is used, making your comprehension sharper and your own usage more natural.
While '제외하다' is a straightforward verb, learners can sometimes make mistakes that affect the clarity or grammatical correctness of their sentences. Being aware of these common pitfalls can help you avoid them.
- Confusing with '포함하다' (to include)
- The most frequent error is mixing up the meaning of '제외하다' with its opposite, '포함하다'. Ensure you understand that '제외하다' means to leave out, while '포함하다' means to include. For example, saying '모두 포함했어요' (I included everyone) when you meant '모두 제외했어요' (I excluded everyone) completely changes the meaning.
- Incorrect Particle Usage
- '제외하다' requires a direct object, which should be marked with '을/를'. Forgetting this particle or using an incorrect one (like '이/가' which marks the subject) can lead to ungrammatical sentences. For example, '나를 제외하다' is correct, but '나 제외하다' is not standard.
- Misplacing the Object of Exclusion
- Sometimes learners might place the context (e.g., the group from which something is excluded) as the direct object, instead of the item being excluded. The correct structure emphasizes what is being *taken out* of the group. For instance, '이 그룹에서 나를 제외했어요' (From this group, they excluded me) is correct, while '이 그룹을 나에서 제외했어요' (They excluded me from this group) is awkward or incorrect.
- Overuse or Underuse
- Some learners might overuse '제외하다' when a simpler phrasing would suffice, or conversely, fail to use it when it's the most appropriate word. For instance, instead of '이 부분은 제외하고 설명해 주세요' (Please explain, excluding this part), one might say something less direct. Conversely, in a situation clearly calling for exclusion, they might use a more general term.
- Incorrect Conjugation
- Like any verb, '제외하다' needs to be conjugated correctly according to tense, mood, and politeness level. Using the base form '제외하다' in formal writing or incorrect past tense forms can be a common mistake. Ensure you are using forms like '제외했습니다' (excluded - formal past) or '제외하고 있어요' (am excluding - present progressive).
Incorrect: '모든 사람을 포함했어요 나를 제외하고.' (Correct: '나를 제외하고 모든 사람을 포함했어요.') (I included everyone except me.)
Reviewing these common errors and practicing with corrected examples will significantly improve your accuracy and confidence when using '제외하다'.
While '제외하다' is the most common and direct term for exclusion, Korean offers other words and phrases that convey similar meanings, each with subtle differences in nuance or formality. Understanding these alternatives allows for more precise expression.
- '빼다' (ppaeda) - To remove, take out
- '빼다' is a more general verb meaning 'to remove' or 'to take out'. It can be used in many contexts where '제외하다' is also applicable, but it's often more informal and can refer to physical removal as well as conceptual exclusion. For example, '목록에서 이름을 뺐어요.' (I removed the name from the list.) This is often interchangeable with '제외하다' in informal contexts but '제외하다' carries a stronger sense of intentional selection for exclusion.
- '생략하다' (saeng-nyak-ha-da) - To omit, to skip
- '생략하다' specifically means 'to omit' or 'to skip' something, usually in writing, speaking, or a process, often for brevity or because it's considered unnecessary. For example, '자세한 설명은 생략하겠습니다.' (I will omit the detailed explanation.) While this involves leaving something out, it's less about excluding from a group and more about not including a particular part or detail.
- '벗어나다' (beot-eo-na-da) - To escape, to break away from
- '벗어나다' means 'to escape from' or 'to break away from'. It can imply a form of exclusion where someone or something is no longer part of a certain state or group, but it's more about movement or transition out of a condition rather than a deliberate act of exclusion from a set. For example, '그는 과거의 실수에서 벗어나 새로운 삶을 시작했다.' (He broke away from his past mistakes and started a new life.)
- '따로 두다' (tta-ro du-da) - To put aside, to set apart
- This phrase literally means 'to put separately'. It implies setting something aside, which can function similarly to exclusion, especially in a physical or organizational sense. For example, '이 서류는 따로 두세요.' (Please put these documents aside.) It's less about formal exclusion from a list and more about physical separation.
- '제외한' (je-oe-han) - Adnominal form
- This is not a separate verb but the adnominal form of '제외하다', acting as 'excluding' or 'except for'. It's extremely common and often used in place of longer phrases. For example, '주말을 제외한 평일에는 언제든지 방문 가능합니다.' (You can visit anytime on weekdays, excluding weekends.)
'이메일 주소록에서 잘못된 연락처를 빼고 다시 보내겠습니다.' (I will send it again after removing the incorrect contacts from the email address book.) - Here, '빼고' is used informally instead of '제외하고'.
Choosing the right word depends on the specific context, the level of formality, and the exact nuance you wish to convey. '제외하다' remains the most precise term for intentional exclusion from a group or list.
Beispiele nach Niveau
이것은 저것이 아니에요.
This is not that.
Simple negation to indicate something is not something else.
나만 있어요.
Only I am here.
'만' (only) is used to specify a single entity.
이것은 친구가 아니에요.
This is not a friend.
Using negation with a noun.
다른 것 주세요.
Give me another one.
'다른' (different) indicates something separate.
이것은 싫어요.
I don't like this.
Expressing dislike, implying separation from things liked.
이것은 커요. 저것은 작아요.
This is big. That is small.
Using contrasting adjectives.
여기 나 없어요.
I am not here.
Simple statement of absence.
이것만 주세요.
Give me only this one.
'만' used to specify a single item.
나 빼고 다 왔어요.
Everyone came except me.
'빼고' is an informal way to say 'excluding'.
이 과일은 먹으면 안 돼요.
You shouldn't eat this fruit.
Expressing prohibition, implying exclusion from permitted items.
이것은 제 것이 아닙니다.
This is not mine.
Using negation with a possessive pronoun.
여기에는 고양이가 없어요.
There are no cats here.
Using '없어요' (there isn't/aren't) to indicate absence.
이것만은 꼭 지켜야 해요.
This one must be kept without fail.
'-만은' emphasizes exclusivity for a particular item or rule.
그는 우리 팀에서 제외되었어요.
He was excluded from our team.
Passive form of exclusion.
이것은 특별한 경우예요.
This is a special case.
'특별한 경우' implies it is set apart or excluded from the general rule.
이것은 추천하지 않아요.
I do not recommend this.
Expressing non-recommendation, implying it's excluded from things to consider.
모든 학생이 참석했지만, 그는 제외되었다.
All students attended, but he was excluded.
Using the passive form '제외되다' (to be excluded).
이 목록에서 제 이름을 제외해 주세요.
Please exclude my name from this list.
Direct request using '제외하다'.
이 두 가지를 제외하고 모두 좋아요.
Everything is good except for these two things.
Using '-을/를 제외하고' to list exceptions.
그는 팀의 주축 선수였지만, 부상으로 인해 경기에 제외되었습니다.
He was a key player on the team, but due to injury, he was excluded from the game.
Explaining the reason for exclusion.
이번 행사에는 특별 초청 인사만 참석하며, 일반인은 제외됩니다.
Only special invitees will attend this event; the general public is excluded.
Formal exclusion of a group.
이 보고서에는 중요한 정보가 많이 포함되어 있지만, 몇 가지 데이터는 분석에서 제외되었습니다.
This report includes a lot of important information, but some data was excluded from the analysis.
Exclusion of data in analysis.
그는 모든 제안을 긍정적으로 검토했지만, 비용 문제로 인해 이 제안은 제외하기로 했습니다.
He reviewed all proposals positively, but due to cost issues, it was decided to exclude this proposal.
Decision-making process involving exclusion.
이 규칙은 18세 미만인 사람은 제외합니다.
This rule excludes people under 18 years of age.
Rule-based exclusion.
이 프로젝트의 범위에는 연구 개발 단계만 포함되며, 마케팅 전략은 제외됩니다.
The scope of this project includes only the research and development phase; the marketing strategy is excluded.
Defining the scope of a project by exclusion.
모든 직원이 교육에 참여해야 하지만, 해외 출장 중인 직원은 예외적으로 제외됩니다.
All employees must participate in the training, but employees on overseas business trips are exceptionally excluded.
Using '예외적으로' (exceptionally) with exclusion.
최종 후보 명단에서 그의 이름이 제외된 이유는 아직 공식적으로 발표되지 않았습니다.
The reason why his name was excluded from the final candidate list has not yet been officially announced.
Discussing the reason for exclusion.
이 통계 자료는 특정 기간 동안의 변동성을 제외하고 산출되었습니다.
These statistics were calculated excluding fluctuations during a specific period.
Exclusion in statistical analysis.
본 계약서에는 당사자들의 명시적인 동의 없이는 어떠한 조항도 임의로 제외할 수 없다고 명시되어 있습니다.
This contract stipulates that no clause can be arbitrarily excluded without the explicit consent of the parties.
Formal exclusion in a contract.
회의록 검토 결과, 일부 내용은 회의에서 논의되지 않았으므로 의결 사항에서 제외하기로 했습니다.
As a result of reviewing the meeting minutes, some content was not discussed in the meeting, so it was decided to exclude it from the resolutions.
Exclusion from official decisions based on discussion.
그는 자신의 의견을 강력하게 주장했지만, 결국 다수결에 의해 그의 제안은 제외되었습니다.
He strongly argued his opinion, but ultimately, his proposal was excluded by majority vote.
Exclusion through a democratic process.
이 프로그램은 사용자 편의를 위해 복잡한 설정 옵션들을 제외하고 단순화되었습니다.
This program has been simplified by excluding complex setting options for user convenience.
Simplification through exclusion.
사회적 약자를 배려하기 위해, 해당 정책은 그들의 필요를 충족시키기 위한 방안을 포함하며, 그 외의 불필요한 요소는 제외하도록 설계되었습니다.
To consider the socially vulnerable, the policy is designed to include measures to meet their needs, excluding other unnecessary elements.
Sophisticated sentence structure and nuanced policy description.
경제 위기 상황에서 기업들은 생존을 위해 비핵심 사업 부문을 과감히 제외하는 구조조정을 단행했습니다.
In the economic crisis, companies undertook restructuring by boldly excluding non-core business divisions for survival.
Formal business terminology and strategic exclusion.
예술 작품의 해석에 있어 작가의 의도를 존중하는 것은 중요하지만, 때로는 작품 자체의 미학적 가치를 중심으로 감상해야 하며, 작가의 개인적 배경 정보는 분석에서 제외하는 것이 바람직할 때도 있습니다.
While respecting the artist's intent is important in interpreting artwork, sometimes one should appreciate it based on its aesthetic value, and it can be desirable to exclude the artist's personal background information from the analysis.
Complex sentence with a subordinate clause and nuanced argument about exclusion in art criticism.
데이터 분석 결과, 이상치로 간주될 수 있는 몇몇 관측치는 통계적 유의성을 확보하기 위해 의도적으로 제외되었으며, 이는 연구의 신뢰도를 높이는 데 기여했습니다.
As a result of data analysis, several observations that could be considered outliers were intentionally excluded to ensure statistical significance, which contributed to increasing the study's reliability.
Formal academic language, explaining the rationale for exclusion.
그의 연설은 명료하고 간결했지만, 청중의 이해를 돕기 위해 도입부에 제시되었던 몇 가지 비유는 본론에서는 제외되었습니다.
His speech was clear and concise, but several metaphors presented in the introduction were excluded from the main body to aid audience comprehension.
Exclusion of rhetorical devices for conciseness.
사회 계약론의 관점에서 볼 때, 자연 상태에서는 모든 권리가 존재하지만, 문명 사회로 이행하면서 특정 권리들은 사회적 합의에 의해 제한되거나 제외됩니다.
From the perspective of social contract theory, all rights exist in the state of nature, but as society transitions to civilization, certain rights are limited or excluded by social agreement.
Philosophical concept involving exclusion through agreement.
새로운 기술 도입 과정에서 기존 시스템과의 호환성 문제를 고려하여, 일부 레거시 기능은 점진적으로 제외될 예정입니다.
In the process of introducing new technology, considering compatibility issues with existing systems, some legacy functions are planned to be gradually excluded.
Technical context of exclusion.
그의 작품은 현대 미술의 주류에서 벗어나 독자적인 영역을 구축함으로써, 기존의 미학적 기준에서 제외되는 경향을 보였지만, 이는 오히려 그의 독창성을 부각시키는 결과를 낳았습니다.
His work, by building its own domain apart from the mainstream of contemporary art, tended to be excluded from existing aesthetic standards, but this paradoxically highlighted his originality.
Complex sentence discussing artistic exclusion and its positive consequences.
해당 법률 조항은 특정 산업 분야의 과도한 규제를 완화함으로써 경쟁력을 제고하려는 정부의 의도를 반영하며, 예외적으로 몇몇 취약 부문만을 그 적용 범위에서 제외하는 방식으로 제정되었습니다.
This legal provision reflects the government's intention to enhance competitiveness by easing excessive regulations in certain industrial sectors, and it was enacted in a way that exceptionally excludes only a few vulnerable sectors from its scope of application.
Highly formal legal and economic terminology, complex sentence structure.
포스트모더니즘의 영향 아래, 기존의 이분법적 사고와 위계질서에 대한 비판이 제기되면서, 소외되었던 다양한 목소리들이 담론의 장으로 편입되었고, 전통적인 예술 범주에서 제외되었던 형식들이 재조명받게 되었습니다.
Under the influence of postmodernism, as criticism against existing dichotomous thinking and hierarchical order was raised, diverse voices that had been marginalized were incorporated into the discourse, and forms excluded from traditional artistic categories were re-examined.
Philosophical and art historical context, complex subordinate clauses.
생성형 인공지능 모델의 학습 데이터에서 특정 편향성을 야기할 수 있는 정보를 의도적으로 제외하는 것은 윤리적 책임과 직결되는 문제이며, 이는 모델의 공정성과 객관성을 담보하기 위한 필수적인 절차로 간주됩니다.
Intentionally excluding information that could cause specific biases from the training data of generative AI models is an issue directly linked to ethical responsibility, and it is considered an essential procedure to guarantee the fairness and objectivity of the model.
Technical, ethical, and philosophical discussion on AI and data exclusion.
그의 문학 세계는 당대의 주류 문학계에서 이단으로 취급받으며 철저히 배제되었으나, 후대에 재평가되면서 기존의 문학사 서술에서 제외되었던 그의 작품들이 비로소 문학사의 중요한 한 축을 담당하게 되었습니다.
His literary world was treated as heresy by the mainstream literary circles of the time and was thoroughly excluded, but as it was re-evaluated by later generations, his works, which had been excluded from the existing narrative of literary history, finally came to represent an important axis of literary history.
Historical literary critique, complex sentence structure, and nuanced explanation of exclusion and re-evaluation.
국제 정치학에서 '정상 국가'의 개념은 탈냉전 시대의 안보 질서 재편 과정에서 과거 냉전 시대의 비동맹 국가들을 잠재적 위협으로 간주하며 국제 안보 체제에서 명시적으로 제외하려는 경향과 맞물려 발전해 왔습니다.
In international politics, the concept of a 'normal state' has evolved in conjunction with the tendency to explicitly exclude non-aligned countries of the past Cold War era from the international security system, considering them potential threats during the restructuring of the post-Cold War security order.
Complex geopolitical analysis, abstract concepts, and historical context.
생물 다양성 보전 노력에 있어, 특정 외래종의 생태계 교란 가능성을 고려하여 그 확산을 적극적으로 차단하고 기존 생태계에서 사실상 제외시키는 정책이 시행되고 있습니다.
In biodiversity conservation efforts, policies are being implemented to actively block the spread of certain invasive species, considering their potential to disrupt ecosystems, effectively excluding them from the existing ecosystem.
Scientific and ecological context, detailed explanation of exclusion policy.
근대 이후 서구 중심의 세계관이 확립되면서, 비서구 문화권의 독자적인 철학적 사유 체계는 종종 '이성적'이지 않다는 이유로 서구 철학의 범주에서 제외되거나 주변부로 밀려나는 경험을 했습니다.
As the Western-centric worldview became established after modernity, the unique philosophical thought systems of non-Western cultural spheres often experienced exclusion from the categories of Western philosophy or being pushed to the periphery, for the reason that they were not 'rational'.
Postcolonial theory, cultural studies, complex sentence with multiple clauses.
현대 금융 시장의 복잡성과 상호 연결성을 고려할 때, 특정 파생 상품의 위험성을 과소평가하여 투자 포트폴리오에서 사실상 제외시키는 것은 금융 시스템 전체의 안정성을 위협할 수 있는 잠재적 요인이 됩니다.
Considering the complexity and interconnectedness of modern financial markets, underestimating the risk of certain derivative products and effectively excluding them from investment portfolios can become a potential factor that threatens the stability of the entire financial system.
Advanced financial and economic terminology, discussion of systemic risk.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
— Excluding me; everyone except me.
나를 제외하고 모두 참석했어요. (Everyone attended except me.)
— Excluding ~; except for ~.
주말을 제외한 날에 방문해주세요. (Please visit on days excluding the weekend.)
— The target of exclusion; those who are excluded.
제외 대상자 명단을 확인했습니다. (I checked the list of those subject to exclusion.)
— To exclude; to omit.
이 부분을 보고서에서 제외해야 합니다. (This part must be excluded from the report.)
— To be excluded; to be omitted.
그는 최종 후보에서 제외되었습니다. (He was excluded from the final candidates.)
— Exclusion measure; act of exclusion.
이러한 제외 조치는 부당하다고 생각합니다. (I think these exclusion measures are unfair.)
— Exclusion clause; rule of exclusion.
계약서에 제외 규정이 명시되어 있습니다. (An exclusion clause is specified in the contract.)
— Possibility of exclusion.
제외 가능성을 염두에 두고 준비해야 합니다. (We must prepare with the possibility of exclusion in mind.)
— Application for exclusion.
일부 참여자는 제외 신청을 했습니다. (Some participants applied for exclusion.)
— Excluded item; item to be excluded.
제외 항목 목록을 작성해 주세요. (Please create a list of excluded items.)
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— Literally 'to put outside the water'. It means to exclude someone from a group or community, often implying social ostracism or being cast out.
그는 마을 사람들에게 물 밖에 내놓였다. (He was cast out by the villagers.)
Informal, descriptive— To be ostracized or excluded by a group. While not directly using '제외하다', it describes the state of being excluded.
새로운 학생은 따돌림을 받았다. (The new student was ostracized.)
Informal, descriptive— Literally 'the status of cold rice'. It refers to being neglected, ignored, or excluded, often in a passive and unfortunate way.
그는 회사에서 찬밥 신세였다. (He was treated like cold rice at the company / he was neglected.)
Informal, descriptive— To bully someone by excluding them from a group, making them a 'school outcast'. This is a strong form of social exclusion, particularly among young people.
아이들이 그 친구를 왕따를 시켰다. (The children bullied that friend by excluding him.)
Informal, strong negative connotation— To turn away from someone or something; to ignore. This can imply exclusion by refusal to acknowledge or engage.
그는 어려운 이웃들을 외면했다. (He turned away from his struggling neighbors.)
Neutral to slightly formal— A causative form often used to mean 'to cause someone to be excluded' or 'to deliberately exclude someone'. It emphasizes the active role of the excluder.
그녀는 회의에서 제외되었다. (She was excluded from the meeting - passive) vs. 그들은 그녀를 회의에서 제외시켰다. (They deliberately excluded her from the meeting - active).
Formal— To push to one side. This can imply exclusion from the center or main discussion.
그의 의견은 한쪽으로 치우쳐 논의되지 못했다. (His opinion was pushed to the side and not discussed.)
Informal— To expel, to banish, to dismiss. A strong term for forceful exclusion.
그는 왕국에서 내쳐졌다. (He was banished from the kingdom.)
Formal, strong connotation— To alienate, to marginalize, to exclude socially. This refers to making someone feel like an outsider.
그는 새로운 환경에 적응하지 못하고 소외되었다. (He couldn't adapt to the new environment and became alienated/excluded.)
Formal, social context— To exclude, to rule out. This is a more formal and often stronger term than '제외하다', frequently used in political or social contexts to denote deliberate exclusion.
그는 모든 논의에서 배제되었다. (He was excluded from all discussions.)
Formal, strong connotationSummary
The verb '제외하다' (je-oe-ha-da) means to intentionally exclude or omit something or someone from a group, list, or consideration. It is the opposite of inclusion and is used in various contexts, from formal documents to everyday decisions, to specify what is being left out.
- To exclude or leave out.
- Intentionally not including something/someone.
- The opposite of inclusion.
- Used for items, people, or data.
Beispiel
주말을 제외하고 매일 운동을 한다.
Verwandte Inhalte
Mehr academic Wörter
입체적
B2Dreidimensional wirkend oder etwas aus mehreren Perspektiven betrachtend.
~에 관해
B1Ein Ausdruck, der 'über' oder 'betreffend' bedeutet. Er wird in formellen Kontexten verwendet, um ein Thema einzuleiten.
~에 대하여
A2Über oder bezüglich eines bestimmten Themas. 'Ich lerne über die koreanische Geschichte.'
~대해
A2Es bedeutet 'über' oder 'bezüglich'. Man verwendet es, um das Thema eines Gesprächs oder Gedankens anzugeben.
~에 관하여
A2Bezüglich oder über ein Thema. Wird in formalen Situationen wie Berichten oder Reden verwendet.
~에 대해(서)
A1Bezeichnet das Thema oder den Gegenstand einer Diskussion und bedeutet 'über' oder 'bezüglich'. Es wird häufig mit Verben des Sagens oder Denkens verwendet.
무엇보다
A2Vor allem; mehr als alles andere.
결석생
A2A student who is absent from class.
추상화하다
B2Abstrahieren: etwas theoretisch oder losgelöst von seiner physischen Realität betrachten.
추상
A2Abstraction; the quality of dealing with ideas rather than events.
