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다시 말하자면

A2 adverb 12 Min. Lesezeit

다시 말하자면

dasi malhajamyeon

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At the A1 level, '다시 말하자면' might seem a bit long, but you can understand it by breaking it down. '다시' means 'again' and '말하다' means 'to speak.' So, this phrase is used when someone wants to say something one more time but in a simpler way. Think of it like a 'helper' phrase. When a teacher explains something and you look confused, they might say '다시 말하자면...' to give you an easier explanation. You don't need to use it in every sentence, but recognizing it will help you follow conversations. It usually comes at the start of a sentence. For example, if someone says 'I am a student,' and then says 'In other words, I study every day,' they are using this phrase to explain their first sentence. It's a great way to make sure people understand you even if your vocabulary is still small. Just remember: Sentence 1 + 다시 말하자면 + Sentence 2 (simplified).

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At the A2 level, you are starting to connect your thoughts more logically. '다시 말하자면' is a perfect 'connector' for this stage. It is used to clarify your meaning. If you say something and then realize it might be a bit unclear, you can use this phrase to rephrase it. It's very common in classroom settings or when you are explaining your hobbies or daily routine to others. For example, '저는 한국 음식을 좋아해요. 다시 말하자면, 김치를 정말 좋아해요.' (I like Korean food. In other words, I really like kimchi.) Here, you are narrowing down your general statement to a specific one. This helps the listener understand exactly what you mean. It also gives you a moment to think about how to say something in a different way if you forgot a specific word. It makes your Korean sound more organized and thoughtful.

For B1 learners, '다시 말하자면' becomes a tool for more complex communication. You can use it to summarize your opinions or to explain a concept in a professional or academic setting. At this level, you should focus on using it to move from a complex idea to a simpler one, or from a general statement to a practical conclusion. It is often paired with sentence endings like '-라는 뜻입니다' (it means that...) or '-라는 말입니다' (what I'm saying is...). For example, in a business meeting, you might say, '시장이 변화하고 있습니다. 다시 말하자면, 우리는 새로운 전략이 필요합니다.' (The market is changing. In other words, we need a new strategy.) This shows you can not only state facts but also interpret them for your audience. It's a key phrase for reaching the intermediate level of fluency where you can sustain a logical argument.

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At the B2 level, you should be able to use '다시 말하자면' to add nuance and rhetorical weight to your speech and writing. It serves as a sophisticated transition that signals you are about to provide a definitive interpretation of a situation. You can use it to contrast different viewpoints or to emphasize a particular aspect of a multi-faceted issue. For instance, in an essay, you might use it to restate your thesis in a more powerful way after providing several pieces of evidence. It's also useful in debates to pin down an opponent's argument: '당신의 주장은 근거가 부족합니다. 다시 말하자면, 논리적이지 않다는 것입니다.' (Your argument lacks evidence. In other words, it is not logical.) At this stage, you should also be aware of its synonyms like '즉' or '바꿔 말하면' and choose the one that best fits the formality and intent of your discourse.

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C1 learners use '다시 말하자면' with a high degree of precision to manage complex discourse and subtle shifts in meaning. At this level, the phrase is not just for clarification but for strategic reformulation. It can be used to pivot the conversation, to introduce a metaphorical interpretation, or to summarize a highly technical explanation for a non-expert audience. You should be able to use it seamlessly in long, complex sentences without losing the logical thread. For example, in a philosophical discussion or a high-level corporate strategy session: '인간의 존엄성은 타협할 수 없는 가치입니다. 다시 말하자면, 어떠한 경제적 이득도 인권을 앞설 수 없다는 원칙을 세워야 합니다.' (Human dignity is an non-negotiable value. In other words, we must establish the principle that no economic gain can precede human rights.) This demonstrates an ability to link abstract concepts to concrete ethical or practical mandates.

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At the C2 level, '다시 말하자면' is used with effortless mastery in the most demanding linguistic contexts. You can use it to navigate the intricacies of academic writing, legal interpretation, or high-level diplomacy. At this stage, you understand the subtle pragmatic differences between this phrase and its alternatives like '요컨대' (in short) or '부언하자면' (to add more). You might use '다시 말하자면' to provide a recursive definition or to elegantly wrap up a complex multi-layered argument. It becomes part of your natural rhetorical style, allowing you to manipulate the pace and focus of your communication with total control. Whether you are analyzing classical literature or discussing quantum physics in Korean, this phrase allows you to ensure that your most profound insights are communicated with absolute clarity and impact, reflecting a native-like grasp of discourse structure.

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A logical connector meaning 'in other words' used for clarification.
Common in formal settings, lectures, and professional presentations.
Helps transition from abstract concepts to practical explanations.
Should be followed by a rephrasing, not just a literal repetition.

The Korean expression 다시 말하자면 (dasi malhajamyeon) is a sophisticated yet accessible discourse marker used to provide clarification, emphasis, or a simplified summary of a previous statement. At its core, it is composed of three distinct linguistic units: 다시 (again), 말하다 (to speak), and the conditional suffix -자면 (if one intends to/if we speak of). When combined, they literally translate to "If I were to say it again," but functionally, they serve the same purpose as the English phrases "In other words," "To put it another way," or "That is to say." This expression is essential for learners because Korean communication often values the ability to rephrase complex ideas to ensure the listener has fully grasped the speaker's intent, especially in formal or educational contexts.

Semantic Function: It acts as a logical bridge that signals a reformulation of the preceding sentence to improve clarity or change the perspective.
Pragmatic Use: Used primarily when the speaker senses ambiguity in their first statement or when transitioning from a technical explanation to a layman's summary.

In everyday conversation, while "즉" (jeuk) is a shorter, more direct synonym, 다시 말하자면 carries a slightly softer, more explanatory tone. It suggests that the speaker is making a conscious effort to be understood, which can come across as polite and thorough. For instance, if you are explaining a complex emotion or a difficult business concept, using this phrase allows you to pause and reset the listener's focus. It is particularly common in academic writing, public speaking, and professional meetings where precision is paramount. However, it is not restricted to formal settings; you might hear a parent explaining a rule to a child using this phrase to ensure the child understands the 'real' meaning behind the rule.

우리는 예산이 부족합니다. 다시 말하자면, 이 프로젝트를 지금 시작할 수 없다는 뜻입니다.

(We lack the budget. In other words, it means we cannot start this project now.)

Understanding the nuance of this phrase involves recognizing that it isn't just about repetition; it's about *transformation*. The second statement often holds the 'punchline' or the practical implication of the first statement. If the first statement is the 'what,' the statement following 다시 말하자면 is often the 'so what.' This makes it a powerful tool for persuasive speaking. By rephrasing your argument, you give the audience a second chance to agree with you, often using simpler or more impactful language the second time around.

From a grammatical perspective, the suffix -자면 is a contraction of -자고 하면. This adds a sense of volition—"If we are to say..." or "If we propose to say..." This volitional aspect makes the speaker sound active and engaged in the dialogue. It’s not just a passive link; it’s an active intervention in the flow of information. In the CEFR A2 level, learners should start moving beyond simple conjunctions like 'and' or 'but' and begin using these logical connectors to create more cohesive and professional-sounding speech. It shows that you are thinking about your listener's perspective, which is a key milestone in language proficiency.

그는 매우 성실합니다. 다시 말하자면, 믿을 수 있는 사람입니다.

(He is very diligent. To put it another way, he is a trustworthy person.)

Using 다시 말하자면 correctly requires an understanding of sentence structure and logical flow. In Korean, this phrase almost always appears at the beginning of a new sentence or immediately following a comma in a compound sentence. Its primary role is to connect two independent clauses where the second clause provides a clearer or more direct version of the first. Because it is an adverbial phrase, it does not change based on the politeness level of the sentence ending (e.g., -요 or -습니다), but the sentences it connects should maintain a consistent register to sound natural.

Sentence Placement: Usually starts the second sentence: [Sentence A]. 다시 말하자면, [Sentence B].
Common Endings: Often paired with endings like '-라는 뜻입니다' (means that...) or '-라는 말입니다' (is what I'm saying).

One of the most effective ways to use this phrase is to move from the abstract to the concrete. For example, if you say "The weather is quite unpredictable today," you might follow up with "다시 말하자면, 우산을 꼭 챙기세요" (In other words, definitely bring an umbrella). Notice how the second part provides a practical takeaway. This structure is very common in Korean pedagogy and professional instructions. It ensures that even if the first part was too vague, the second part leaves no room for doubt.

이 기계는 조작이 복잡합니다. 다시 말하자면, 전문가의 도움이 필요합니다.

(This machine is complex to operate. In other words, expert help is needed.)

Another important aspect is the use of punctuation. In written Korean, a comma often follows 다시 말하자면 to give the reader a momentary pause to prepare for the rephrasing. In spoken Korean, this pause is equally important. It acts as a verbal 'reset' button. If you find yourself rambling or using too many fillers (like '어...' or '그...'), saying 다시 말하자면 can help you regain control of the conversation and present your point more concisely. It’s a linguistic tool for self-correction.

When writing, you can also use it to define terms. If you introduce a technical term like '인플레이션' (inflation), you can follow it with "다시 말하자면 물가가 오르는 현상입니다" (In other words, the phenomenon of prices rising). This is a hallmark of good explanatory writing in Korean. It shows authority while remaining accessible to the reader. It is also frequently used in concluding paragraphs of essays to reiterate the thesis statement in a more impactful way.

그는 약속을 지키지 않았어요. 다시 말하자면, 거짓말을 한 거예요.

(He didn't keep his promise. To put it another way, he lied.)

Finally, consider the register. While 다시 말하자면 is versatile, it leans towards standard or formal speech. In very casual, intimate settings (Banmal), friends might just say "그러니까" (geureonikka - so/I mean) or "내 말은" (nae mareun - my point is). Using 다시 말하자면 with close friends isn't 'wrong,' but it might sound a bit like you are giving a lecture. As a learner, using it in classroom discussions or at work will make you sound highly competent and articulate.

If you are watching Korean news, documentaries, or educational programs, you will encounter 다시 말하자면 frequently. It is the bread and butter of presenters and reporters who need to distill complex information into digestible bites for the public. In a news broadcast about the economy, a reporter might describe a complex policy and then use this phrase to explain how it affects the average citizen's wallet. This transition from 'policy' to 'reality' is where the phrase shines brightest.

News & Media: Used to simplify statistics or political jargon for the general audience.
Academic Lectures: Professors use it to rephrase difficult theories or definitions to ensure students are following.

In the workplace, 다시 말하자면 is a staple of meetings and presentations. When a manager presents a new strategy, they often use this phrase to summarize the key takeaway or 'the bottom line.' For example: "Our goal is to optimize internal workflows. 다시 말하자면, we need to work faster and smarter." In this context, it functions as a way to align everyone’s understanding before moving on to the next topic. It is a sign of a good leader to use such clarifying language.

기술적인 문제가 발생했습니다. 다시 말하자면, 서버가 다운되었습니다.

(A technical problem occurred. In other words, the server is down.)

You will also hear this phrase in K-Dramas, particularly in scenes involving lawyers, doctors, or corporate executives. These characters often deal with high-stakes information that needs to be explained clearly to other characters (and the audience). A lawyer might explain a legal loophole and then say, "다시 말하자면, 이길 확률이 높다는 겁니다" (In other words, the chances of winning are high). It adds a layer of intellectual authority to the character's dialogue.

Interestingly, you might also hear it in more personal, emotional contexts, though less frequently than in formal ones. If someone is struggling to express their feelings, they might start with a vague description and then use 다시 말하자면 to get to the heart of the matter. "I feel like I'm always waiting for you. 다시 말하자면, 외로워요 (In other words, I'm lonely)." Here, the phrase acts as a bridge to vulnerability, moving from a circumstantial description to a core emotion.

조건이 매우 까다롭습니다. 다시 말하자면, 포기하는 게 낫습니다.

(The conditions are very difficult. In other words, it's better to give up.)

Lastly, in written Korean, especially in editorials or opinion pieces, this phrase is used to drive home a point. Writers use it to ensure that their main argument isn't lost in the details. If you are reading a Korean newspaper, look for this phrase toward the end of a paragraph; it often introduces the most important sentence of that section. Mastering this phrase allows you to navigate these various social and professional landscapes with much greater ease.

While 다시 말하자면 is a powerful tool, it is often misused by learners in ways that can make their Korean sound unnatural or confusing. The most common mistake is using it to simply repeat the exact same sentence. Remember, the purpose of this phrase is to *rephrase* or *clarify*. If you say the same thing twice without changing the wording or adding a new perspective, the phrase loses its logical function. It becomes a redundant filler that can annoy the listener.

Redundancy Error: Saying "I am tired. In other words, I am tired." Use it to say "I am tired. In other words, I need a nap."
Misplaced Context: Using it to introduce a completely new, unrelated topic. It must always relate back to the previous statement.

Another frequent error is confusing 다시 말하자면 with 다시 말하면. While they are very similar and often interchangeable, 다시 말하면 is slightly more literal ("if you say it again"), whereas 다시 말하자면 has that volitional "-자" component which makes it sound more like a deliberate rhetorical choice. Using the former in a formal presentation might sound slightly less polished, though it is not grammatically 'wrong.' A more significant error is using 다시 말하자면 when you actually mean "For example" (예를 들면). They serve different logical functions: one clarifies, the other illustrates.

[Wrong] 과일을 좋아해요. 다시 말하자면, 사과를 좋아해요.

(This is an example, not a rephrasing. Use '예를 들면' instead.)

Punctuation and flow also pose challenges. Some learners forget to pause after the phrase in speech. If you rush through 다시 말하자면, it sounds like part of the next sentence rather than a connector. Think of it as a signpost. If the signpost is hidden or blurred, the driver (the listener) won't know a turn is coming. Similarly, in writing, failing to use a comma can make a long sentence feel breathless and difficult to parse. Always give the phrase its own space to breathe.

Finally, watch out for the 'register clash.' Using 다시 말하자면 (which is standard/formal) and then ending the sentence in very casual 'Banmal' like "...이야" can sound a bit disjointed. While not strictly prohibited, it’s better to match the formality. If you are using such a structured connector, the listener expects a structured conclusion. For example, pair it with "...라는 뜻이야" instead of just a blunt statement. This consistency helps you sound more like a natural speaker and less like someone translating word-for-word from their native language.

[Wrong] 그는 바빠요. 다시 말하자면, 안 와요.

(Too abrupt. Better: 다시 말하자면, 오늘 참석하기 어렵다는 뜻입니다.)

To truly master Korean, you need to know when to use 다시 말하자면 and when a synonym might be more appropriate. The most common alternative is 즉 (jeuk). This is a Sino-Korean word (卽) that means "namely" or "that is." It is much shorter and is favored in academic writing, legal documents, and very formal news reports. While 다시 말하자면 feels like a spoken explanation, 즉 feels like a logical definition. If you are writing a formal report, 즉 is often the better choice for brevity.

즉 (Jeuk): Very formal, concise. Used for 'A = B' type definitions.
바꿔 말하면 (Bakgwo malhamyeon): Literally "If we change the words." Used when shifting perspective entirely (e.g., from positive to negative).

Another useful alternative is 다시 말해 (dasi malhae). This is simply a shortened version of 다시 말하자면. It is slightly less formal and very common in casual but polite conversation. If you are talking to a colleague over coffee, 다시 말해 might sound more natural than the full 다시 말하자면. It gets the job done without the rhetorical weight of the longer version. In contrast, 요컨대 (yokeondae) is used when you want to summarize a very long explanation into a single point—it means "in short" or "to summarize."

그는 정직하지 않아요. 바꿔 말하면, 우리는 그를 믿을 수 없어요.

(He is not honest. To put it another way [from a different angle], we cannot trust him.)

For more advanced learners, 말하자면 (malhajamyeon) (without the '다시') can be used to introduce a metaphor or a comparison. It’s similar to saying "so to speak" or "as it were." For example: "그는 우리 팀의 기둥이에요. 말하자면, 가장 중요한 사람이죠" (He is the pillar of our team. So to speak, the most important person). Notice how it’s not necessarily repeating a previous statement, but rather adding a descriptive label to it. This is a subtle but important distinction from 다시 말하자면.

Lastly, in very casual speech, you will hear 그러니까 (geureonikka). While it usually means "so" or "therefore," Koreans frequently use it at the start of a sentence to mean "What I'm trying to say is..." or "I mean..." It is much more informal and is the go-to phrase for friends. "그러니까 내 말은, 그거 하지 마." (I mean, what I'm saying is, don't do that). Learning to navigate these synonyms allows you to adjust your tone to fit any social situation in Korea, from a boardroom to a bar.

이것은 무료가 아닙니다. 즉, 돈을 내야 합니다.

(This is not free. That is, you must pay money. [Formal/Direct])

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

In old Korean, '다시' was written as '다시' or '다시금', and its meaning hasn't changed much for centuries, always signifying repetition. The suffix '-자면' is unique because it combines a suggestive/volitional ending (-자) with a conditional one (-면), making the speaker sound like they are inviting the listener into the clarification process.

Aussprachehilfe

UK dɐ.ɕi mɐl.ɦɐ.dʑɐ.mjʌn

US dɑ.ʃi mɑl.hɑ.d͡ʒɑ.mjʌn

Korean is not a stress-timed language like English, but there is a slight emphasis on the first syllable of each word unit: 'DA-si' and 'MAL-ha-ja-myeon'.

Reimt sich auf

자면 (jamyeon - sleeping) 라면 (ramyeon - noodles) 가면 (gamyeon - mask) 나면 (namyeon - if it occurs) 사면 (samyeon - four sides) 하면 (hamyeon - if you do) 바라면 (baramyeon - if you wish) 말하면 (malhamyeon - if you speak)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'myeon' like 'me-on' (two syllables). It should be one smooth glide.
Making the 's' in 'si' too sharp like 'sea'. It should be closer to 'she'.
Skipping the 'h' sound in 'malhajamyeon'. It is subtle but present.
Stressing the final syllable 'myeon' too much.
Not pausing after the phrase when it starts a sentence.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts as a logical signpost.

Schreiben 3/5

Requires understanding of how to rephrase ideas logically.

Sprechen 3/5

Natural delivery requires a slight pause after the phrase.

Hören 2/5

Very distinct and easy to hear in clear speech.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

다시 (again) 말하다 (to speak) 만약 (if) 뜻 (meaning) 그리고 (and)

Als Nächstes lernen

즉 (that is) 요컨대 (in short) 바꿔 말하면 (to put it another way) 말하자면 (so to speak) 결론적으로 (in conclusion)

Fortgeschritten

부언하자면 (to add more) 첨언하자면 (to add a comment) 정리하자면 (to summarize) 환언하면 (to rephrase - very formal) 요지인즉슨 (the main point is)

Wichtige Grammatik

-자면 (If one intends to / If we speak of)

그를 평가하자면, 아주 훌륭한 사람이다.

-라는 뜻이다 (It means that...)

그것은 금지라는 뜻입니다.

다시 (Adverb for repetition)

다시 한번 말해 주세요.

-면 (Conditional 'if')

비가 오면 집에 있을 거예요.

-자 (Suggestive/Propositive ending)

우리 같이 가자.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

저는 학생입니다. 다시 말하자면, 학교에 다녀요.

I am a student. In other words, I go to school.

Connecting two simple facts about being a student.

이것은 비싸요. 다시 말하자면, 돈이 많이 필요해요.

This is expensive. In other words, a lot of money is needed.

Explaining the result of something being expensive.

밖은 추워요. 다시 말하자면, 코트를 입으세요.

It is cold outside. In other words, wear a coat.

Giving advice based on the first sentence.

그는 제 형이에요. 다시 말하자면, 가족이에요.

He is my older brother. In other words, he is family.

Moving from a specific relation to a general category.

사과가 없어요. 다시 말하자면, 살 수 없어요.

There are no apples. In other words, I cannot buy them.

Explaining the consequence of an item being out of stock.

내일은 휴일이에요. 다시 말하자면, 학교에 안 가요.

Tomorrow is a holiday. In other words, I don't go to school.

Clarifying what a holiday means for the speaker.

우리는 친구예요. 다시 말하자면, 친해요.

We are friends. In other words, we are close.

Explaining the nature of the friendship.

이 책은 쉬워요. 다시 말하자면, 재미있어요.

This book is easy. In other words, it is fun.

Linking ease of reading to enjoyment.

그는 한국말을 잘해요. 다시 말하자면, 소통이 잘 돼요.

He speaks Korean well. In other words, communication goes well.

Focusing on the result of language proficiency.

제 취미는 요리예요. 다시 말하자면, 요리하는 것을 좋아해요.

My hobby is cooking. In other words, I like to cook.

Rephrasing a noun-based hobby as a verb-based preference.

오늘은 시간이 없어요. 다시 말하자면, 바빠요.

I don't have time today. In other words, I am busy.

Using a synonym to clarify a state.

이 음식은 매워요. 다시 말하자면, 물이 필요해요.

This food is spicy. In other words, I need water.

Connecting a sensory experience to a physical need.

영화가 길어요. 다시 말하자면, 세 시간이 걸려요.

The movie is long. In other words, it takes three hours.

Quantifying a descriptive adjective.

비가 많이 와요. 다시 말하자면, 나갈 수 없어요.

It's raining a lot. In other words, we can't go out.

Explaining a limitation caused by weather.

그녀는 친절해요. 다시 말하자면, 항상 웃어요.

She is kind. In other words, she always smiles.

Providing a concrete behavior as proof of a trait.

컴퓨터가 고장 났어요. 다시 말하자면, 사용할 수 없어요.

The computer is broken. In other words, I can't use it.

Clarifying the state of a broken object.

우리는 새로운 계획이 필요합니다. 다시 말하자면, 현재의 방법은 효과가 없습니다.

We need a new plan. In other words, the current method isn't working.

Using the phrase to introduce a critique of the status quo.

그는 매우 성실한 직원입니다. 다시 말하자면, 믿고 일을 맡길 수 있습니다.

He is a very diligent employee. In other words, we can trust him with work.

Linking a personality trait to professional reliability.

이 제품은 품질이 우수합니다. 다시 말하자면, 오래 사용할 수 있다는 뜻입니다.

This product has excellent quality. In other words, it means it can be used for a long time.

Pairing the phrase with '-라는 뜻입니다' for formal clarification.

환경 보호는 중요합니다. 다시 말하자면, 우리의 미래를 지키는 일입니다.

Protecting the environment is important. In other words, it's about protecting our future.

Reframing a social issue in terms of long-term consequences.

그녀는 여행을 자주 갑니다. 다시 말하자면, 다양한 문화를 경험하는 것을 즐깁니다.

She travels often. In other words, she enjoys experiencing diverse cultures.

Expanding on the motivation behind an action.

이 문제는 복잡합니다. 다시 말하자면, 해결하는 데 시간이 걸릴 것입니다.

This problem is complex. In other words, it will take time to solve.

Setting expectations based on the nature of a problem.

그 영화는 감동적이었어요. 다시 말하자면, 눈물이 날 정도였어요.

That movie was touching. In other words, it was to the point of tears.

Using hyperbole or vivid description to clarify an emotion.

건강을 위해 운동하세요. 다시 말하자면, 매일 30분씩 걷는 것이 좋습니다.

Exercise for your health. In other words, it's good to walk for 30 minutes every day.

Turning a general command into a specific instruction.

정부는 새로운 경제 정책을 발표했습니다. 다시 말하자면, 물가 안정을 최우선으로 하겠다는 의지입니다.

The government announced a new economic policy. In other words, it's their will to prioritize price stability.

Interpreting political intent behind an announcement.

이 기술은 혁신적입니다. 다시 말하자면, 기존의 시장 판도를 바꿀 수 있는 잠재력이 있습니다.

This technology is innovative. In other words, it has the potential to change the existing market landscape.

Using professional business terminology like 'market landscape' (시장 판도).

그의 발언은 논란의 여지가 있습니다. 다시 말하자면, 모든 사람이 동의하는 것은 아닙니다.

His remarks are controversial. In other words, not everyone agrees.

Defining 'controversial' (논란의 여지가 있다) in simpler terms.

우리는 자원을 절약해야 합니다. 다시 말하자면, 낭비를 줄이는 생활 습관이 필요합니다.

We must save resources. In other words, we need lifestyle habits that reduce waste.

Linking a macro goal to micro behavioral changes.

그 작가의 문체는 독특합니다. 다시 말하자면, 다른 누구와도 비교할 수 없는 개성이 있습니다.

That writer's style is unique. In other words, it has a personality that cannot be compared to anyone else.

Elaborating on aesthetic qualities using sophisticated vocabulary.

교육은 백년대계입니다. 다시 말하자면, 먼 미래를 내다보고 계획해야 한다는 뜻입니다.

Education is a plan for a hundred years. In other words, it means we must plan looking far into the future.

Explaining a traditional Korean idiom (백년대계).

그는 공과 사를 엄격히 구분합니다. 다시 말하자면, 업무에 감정을 섞지 않습니다.

He strictly distinguishes between public and private matters. In other words, he doesn't mix emotions with work.

Explaining a professional standard of conduct.

디지털 전환은 선택이 아닌 필수입니다. 다시 말하자면, 살아남기 위해서는 변화해야 합니다.

Digital transformation is a necessity, not an option. In other words, we must change to survive.

Using a strong rhetorical stance to emphasize urgency.

현대 사회는 정보의 과잉 상태에 놓여 있습니다. 다시 말하자면, 유익한 정보를 선별하는 능력이 그 어느 때보다 중요해졌습니다.

Modern society is in a state of information overload. In other words, the ability to select useful information has become more important than ever.

Analyzing a societal trend and its resulting requirement.

예술은 시대의 거울입니다. 다시 말하자면, 당대의 사회적 가치와 갈등이 작품 속에 투영되어 있다는 의미입니다.

Art is a mirror of the times. In other words, it means that the social values and conflicts of the era are projected into the works.

Providing a philosophical interpretation of a metaphor.

기업의 사회적 책임은 단순한 기부를 넘어섭니다. 다시 말하자면, 경영 활동 전반에서 윤리적 가치를 실현해야 한다는 것입니다.

Corporate social responsibility goes beyond simple donations. In other words, ethical values must be realized throughout all management activities.

Redefining a complex business concept (CSR).

언어는 사고를 규정합니다. 다시 말하자면, 우리가 사용하는 언어의 틀 안에서 세상을 바라보게 된다는 이론입니다.

Language defines thought. In other words, it is a theory that we come to view the world within the framework of the language we use.

Explaining a linguistic theory (Sapir-Whorf hypothesis) in Korean.

민주주의는 결과보다 과정이 중요합니다. 다시 말하자면, 정당한 절차를 거치지 않은 결정은 정당성을 얻기 어렵다는 뜻입니다.

In democracy, the process is more important than the result. In other words, decisions that haven't gone through proper procedures find it hard to gain legitimacy.

Discussing political philosophy and legitimacy.

지속 가능한 발전은 현세대의 욕구를 충족시키되 미래 세대의 가능성을 저해하지 않는 것입니다. 다시 말하자면, 환경과 개발의 조화를 추구해야 합니다.

Sustainable development is meeting the needs of the present generation without hindering the possibilities of future generations. In other words, we must pursue harmony between environment and development.

Summarizing a long definition into a core principle.

인공지능의 발전은 노동의 개념을 근본적으로 뒤바꿀 것입니다. 다시 말하자면, 인간만이 할 수 있는 창의적 활동의 가치가 더욱 부각될 것입니다.

The development of AI will fundamentally overturn the concept of labor. In other words, the value of creative activities that only humans can do will become more prominent.

Predicting future shifts in the labor market.

고전은 시대를 초월한 보편성을 지닙니다. 다시 말하자면, 수백 년 전의 이야기가 오늘날의 우리에게도 여전히 깊은 울림을 준다는 사실입니다.

Classics possess a universality that transcends time. In other words, it is the fact that stories from hundreds of years ago still resonate deeply with us today.

Explaining the enduring relevance of literature.

포스트모더니즘은 거대 서사의 종말을 고했습니다. 다시 말하자면, 절대적인 진리나 단일한 가치 체계에 대한 믿음이 해체되었음을 의미합니다.

Postmodernism announced the end of grand narratives. In other words, it means that the belief in absolute truth or a single value system has been dismantled.

Handling high-level philosophical terminology (postmodernism, grand narrative).

양자역학의 세계관은 결정론적 인과율을 거부합니다. 다시 말하자면, 미시 세계의 사건들은 확률적으로만 예측 가능하다는 원리입니다.

The worldview of quantum mechanics rejects deterministic causality. In other words, it is the principle that events in the microscopic world are only predictable probabilistically.

Discussing complex scientific principles and their philosophical implications.

법치주의의 핵심은 권력의 자의적 행사를 억제하는 데 있습니다. 다시 말하자면, 통치자 또한 법 아래에 있으며 법에 따라 지배받아야 한다는 원칙입니다.

The core of the rule of law lies in restraining the arbitrary exercise of power. In other words, it is the principle that the ruler is also under the law and must be governed according to it.

Defining the legal and political concept of the 'rule of law'.

경제적 불평등의 심화는 사회적 자본의 잠식을 초래합니다. 다시 말하자면, 구성원 간의 신뢰와 협력의 토대가 무너져 사회 전체의 효율성이 저하된다는 경고입니다.

The deepening of economic inequality leads to the erosion of social capital. In other words, it is a warning that the foundation of trust and cooperation among members collapses, lowering the efficiency of society as a whole.

Linking economic data to sociological consequences.

예술적 아우라는 복제 기술의 발달로 인해 상실되었습니다. 다시 말하자면, 원본이 지니는 유일무이한 현존성이 대중문화의 확산 속에서 희석되었다는 분석입니다.

The artistic aura was lost due to the development of reproduction technology. In other words, it is the analysis that the unique presence of the original has been diluted in the spread of popular culture.

Discussing Walter Benjamin's aesthetic theories in Korean.

인간의 인지는 환경과의 상호작용 속에서 형성되는 체화된 인지입니다. 다시 말하자면, 정신과 신체, 그리고 외부 세계가 분리될 수 없는 하나의 시스템으로 작동한다는 관점입니다.

Human cognition is embodied cognition formed in interaction with the environment. In other words, it is the perspective that the mind, body, and the external world operate as one inseparable system.

Explaining the cognitive science concept of 'embodied cognition'.

역사적 수정주의는 과거의 사건을 새로운 증거와 시각으로 재해석하려는 시도입니다. 다시 말하자면, 고착화된 역사적 정설에 의문을 제기하고 다각적인 진실을 탐구하는 과정입니다.

Historical revisionism is an attempt to reinterpret past events with new evidence and perspectives. In other words, it is the process of questioning fixed historical orthodoxies and exploring multifaceted truths.

Defining a complex historiographical approach.

현상학적 환원은 선입견을 배제하고 사물 자체의 본질로 돌아가는 것을 목표로 합니다. 다시 말하자면, 주관적 경험의 순수한 구조를 밝혀내려는 철학적 방법론입니다.

Phenomenological reduction aims to exclude prejudices and return to the essence of things themselves. In other words, it is a philosophical methodology that seeks to reveal the pure structure of subjective experience.

Explaining Husserl's phenomenological method.

Synonyme

즉 다시 말해 바꿔 말하면 요컨대 말하자면 다른 말로 하면 결국 그러니까

Gegenteile

반대로 그럼에도 불구하고 하지만 별개로

Häufige Kollokationen

다시 말하자면 ~라는 뜻입니다

다시 말하자면 ~와 같습니다

다시 말하자면 ~라는 말입니다

다시 말하자면 ~라는 사실입니다

다시 말하자면 ~라는 결론입니다

다시 말하자면 ~라는 점입니다

다시 말하자면 ~라는 이야기입니다

다시 말하자면 ~라는 의미입니다

다시 말하자면 ~라는 주장을 하고 싶습니다

다시 말하자면 ~라는 가능성이 있습니다

Häufige Phrasen

다시 말하자면 끝이다

— In other words, it's over. Used to signal a final, unchangeable result.

돈이 없어요. 다시 말하자면 끝이에요.

다시 말하자면 사실이 아니다

— In other words, it's not true. Used to debunk a previous statement.

그의 말은 거짓이에요. 다시 말하자면 사실이 아니에요.

다시 말하자면 기회다

— In other words, it's an opportunity. Used to give a positive spin to a situation.

위기가 왔어요. 다시 말하자면 기회예요.

다시 말하자면 불가능하다

— In other words, it's impossible. Used for a blunt clarification of limits.

시간이 부족해요. 다시 말하자면 불가능해요.

다시 말하자면 비밀이다

— In other words, it's a secret. Used to emphasize confidentiality.

아무에게도 말하지 마세요. 다시 말하자면 비밀이에요.

다시 말하자면 내 잘못이다

— In other words, it's my fault. Used for taking responsibility clearly.

실수가 있었어요. 다시 말하자면 내 잘못이에요.

다시 말하자면 사랑이다

— In other words, it's love. Used to define complex emotions simply.

가슴이 뛰어요. 다시 말하자면 사랑이에요.

다시 말하자면 돈이다

— In other words, it's about money. Used to highlight the financial core of an issue.

가장 중요한 건 예산이에요. 다시 말하자면 돈이에요.

다시 말하자면 시간 낭비다

— In other words, it's a waste of time. Used to express frustration or dismissal.

이 회의는 너무 길어요. 다시 말하자면 시간 낭비예요.

다시 말하자면 친구다

— In other words, we are friends. Used to reaffirm a relationship.

우리는 서로 도와요. 다시 말하자면 친구예요.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

다시 말하자면 vs 다시 말하면

Almost identical, but '말하자면' sounds slightly more like a deliberate rhetorical choice.

다시 말하자면 vs 예를 들면

Used for examples, whereas '다시 말하자면' is for rephrasing the same concept.

다시 말하자면 vs 말하자면

Used to introduce a metaphor (so to speak) rather than rephrasing a previous sentence.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"입이 아프다"

— To have a sore mouth from saying the same thing too much. Often used before or after '다시 말하자면'.

다시 말하자면 입이 아프지만, 공부 좀 해라.

Informal

"귀에 못이 박히다"

— To have heard something so often that it's like a nail in the ear. Context for needing to 'say it again'.

다시 말하자면 귀에 못이 박히도록 들었겠지만, 건강이 최고다.

Informal

"하나를 보면 열을 안다"

— To see one and know ten. Used when '다시 말하자면' provides the broader implication.

그는 작은 실수도 안 해요. 다시 말하자면 하나를 보면 열을 아는 사람이에요.

Neutral

"백문이 불여일견"

— Seeing once is better than hearing a hundred times. Used when rephrasing a visual concept.

설명은 여기까지입니다. 다시 말하자면 백문이 불여일견이니 직접 보세요.

Formal

"천 리 길도 한 걸음부터"

— A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. Used to simplify a large goal.

프로젝트가 큽니다. 다시 말하자면 천 리 길도 한 걸음부터이니 오늘 시작합시다.

Neutral

"쇠귀에 경 읽기"

— Reading scriptures to a cow's ear. Used when rephrasing because someone isn't listening.

다시 말하자면 쇠귀에 경 읽기 같지만, 제발 조심하세요.

Informal

"우물 안 개구리"

— A frog in a well. Used to describe a narrow perspective in other words.

그는 세상 경험이 없어요. 다시 말하자면 우물 안 개구리예요.

Neutral

"금강산도 식후경"

— Even Geumgang Mountain is after eating. Used to justify a break for food.

일단 밥부터 먹읍시다. 다시 말하자면 금강산도 식후경이니까요.

Neutral

"밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기"

— Pouring water into a bottomless jar. Used to describe a futile effort.

이 투자는 성과가 없어요. 다시 말하자면 밑 빠진 독에 물 붓기예요.

Neutral

"가는 날이 장날"

— The day you go is the market day. Used when rephrasing bad timing.

오늘 문을 닫았네요. 다시 말하자면 가는 날이 장날이에요.

Neutral

Leicht verwechselbar

다시 말하자면 vs 즉

Both mean 'in other words'.

'즉' is shorter and much more common in writing and very formal contexts. '다시 말하자면' feels more explanatory and spoken.

그는 무직이다. 즉, 백수다. (Formal writing) vs 그는 일을 안 해요. 다시 말하자면, 지금 쉬고 있어요. (Spoken)

다시 말하자면 vs 바꿔 말하면

Both rephrase a point.

'바꿔 말하면' literally means 'if we change the words' and is often used to show a different side of the same coin (e.g., changing from a positive to a negative framing).

이것은 싸요. 바꿔 말하면, 품질이 안 좋을 수 있어요.

다시 말하자면 vs 요컨대

Both clarify a point.

'요컨대' is used specifically to summarize a long, rambling explanation into a single 'bottom line'.

긴 말을 요컨대, 우리는 졌습니다.

다시 말하자면 vs 다시

Learners might use '다시' alone to mean 'in other words'.

'다시' only means 'again'. You must add '말하자면' to get the meaning of 'in other words'.

다시 하세요 (Do it again) vs 다시 말하자면 (In other words).

다시 말하자면 vs 그러니까

Both can start a clarifying sentence.

'그러니까' usually means 'so' or 'therefore' and is much more informal when used to mean 'I mean...'.

비가 와요. 그러니까 우산을 가져가세요. (So) vs 그러니까 내 말은... (I mean...)

Satzmuster

A. 다시 말하자면 B.

사과가 없어요. 다시 말하자면, 못 사요.

A. 다시 말하자면 B-라는 뜻이에요.

바빠요. 다시 말하자면, 시간이 없다는 뜻이에요.

A. 다시 말하자면 B-라는 말입니다.

계획이 바뀌었어요. 다시 말하자면, 내일 안 간다는 말입니다.

A. 다시 말하자면 B-와/과 다름없습니다.

실패했습니다. 다시 말하자면, 기회를 잃은 것과 다름없습니다.

A. 다시 말하자면 B-라는 결론에 도달하게 됩니다.

수치가 낮습니다. 다시 말하자면, 효율성이 떨어진다는 결론에 도달하게 됩니다.

A. 다시 말하자면 B-라는 측면에서 이해해야 합니다.

이것은 문화입니다. 다시 말하자면, 역사라는 측면에서 이해해야 합니다.

A. 다시 말하자면 B-라는 명제에 다름 아닙니다.

인간은 자유롭습니다. 다시 말하자면, 책임이 따른다는 명제에 다름 아닙니다.

A. 다시 말하자면 B-라는 함의를 내포하고 있습니다.

정책이 모호합니다. 다시 말하자면, 실패의 가능성을 내포하고 있습니다.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

말 (speech/word)

말씀 (honorific speech)

말하기 (speaking)

Verben

말하다 (to speak)

말을 걸다 (to start a conversation)

말이 통하다 (to understand each other)

Verwandt

즉 (that is)

말하자면 (so to speak)

바꿔 말하면 (to put it another way)

요컨대 (in short)

말인즉슨 (the point is - emphatic)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

High in educational and professional contexts; moderate in daily life.

Häufige Fehler

Using it for examples. → 예를 들면 (For example)
Learners often confuse 'in other words' with 'for example'. '다시 말하자면' is for rephrasing, not for listing instances.
Using it without a previous statement. → N/A
You can't start a brand new topic with 'In other words.' It must refer back to something already said.
Literal repetition. → Paraphrasing
If Sentence A and Sentence B are identical, '다시 말하자면' is redundant. Use it only when the second sentence is clearer or different.
Register clash. → Consistent formality
Using '다시 말하자면' (formal) and then ending with very casual slang can sound disjointed. Try to keep the tone consistent.
Forgetting the pause. → Pause after the phrase
In speech, if you don't pause, the phrase blends into the next sentence and loses its function as a signpost.

Tipps

Pair with -라는 뜻

When you use '다시 말하자면', it sounds very natural to end your sentence with '~라는 뜻입니다' (it means that...). This creates a perfect logical loop.

The Power Pause

After saying the phrase, pause for a split second. This builds anticipation and ensures the listener catches your simplified explanation.

Avoid Redundancy

Make sure your second sentence actually adds value. If it's just the same words, the phrase feels like a filler. Change the vocabulary or the perspective.

Identify the Main Point

In lectures or news, the sentence after '다시 말하자면' is usually the most important one. Use it as a mental marker to take notes.

Mix with '즉'

To sound more like a native speaker, use '다시 말하자면' in speech and '즉' in formal writing. This shows you understand register differences.

Business Etiquette

Use this phrase in meetings to confirm you've understood a boss's instructions. 'A...B...C... 다시 말하자면, X를 하라는 말씀이시죠?' (In other words, you mean do X, right?)

Softening Blows

Use it to deliver bad news more gently. Start with a factual statement and use the phrase to explain the practical (softer) implication.

Don't Over-analyze '-자면'

Treat '다시 말하자면' as a single set phrase rather than trying to conjugate the '-자면' part. It's a stable idiom in modern Korean.

Practice with Headlines

Take a complex news headline and try to explain it in one simple sentence starting with '다시 말하자면'. This is great for B1-B2 level practice.

Check for Understanding

Using this phrase shows you care about the listener's comprehension. It's a sign of a considerate and skillful communicator.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'DASI' as 'DO AGAIN' and 'MAL' as 'MOUTH'. So, DASI MAL means 'DO it AGAIN with your MOUTH'. If you didn't understand the first time, I'll 'do it again with my mouth' using simpler words!

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a bridge between two islands. One island is a 'Big, Cloudy Cloud' (a complex idea). The other island is a 'Small, Bright Sun' (a clear idea). The bridge is labeled '다시 말하자면'.

Word Web

다시 (Again) 말 (Speech) 하자 (Let's do) 면 (If) 즉 (That is) 요약 (Summary) 설명 (Explanation) 이해 (Understanding)

Herausforderung

Try to explain your favorite movie using only two sentences, and start the second sentence with '다시 말하자면'. For example: 'This movie is about a ring. 다시 말하자면, it is a long walk to a volcano.'

Wortherkunft

The phrase is a combination of the native Korean adverb '다시' (again) and the verb '말하다' (to speak) with the grammatical suffix '-자면'. The suffix '-자면' is a contraction of '-자고 하면', which literally means 'if one proposes/intends to'. Therefore, the entire phrase evolved from the literal meaning 'if one proposes to speak again' into a standard discourse marker for clarification.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: If we were to say it again.

Koreanic (Altaic hypothesis is debated).

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful not to use it too much with superiors, as it might sound like you think they didn't understand you the first time. Use it primarily when *you* want to make *your* point clearer, not because you think *they* are slow.

Similar to 'In other words' or 'That is to say' in English, but used slightly more often in academic and professional Korean contexts to show thoroughness.

Frequently used in 'Infinite Challenge' (무한도전) when members would try to explain their ridiculous plans. A common phrase used by Korean news anchor Sohn Suk-hee to clarify complex political situations. Used in countless Korean self-help books to summarize life lessons.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Professional Meetings

다시 말하자면, 협력이 필요합니다.
다시 말하자면, 기한을 지켜주세요.
다시 말하자면, 예산이 부족합니다.
다시 말하자면, 목표를 달성했습니다.

Classroom/Education

다시 말하자면, 이것이 정답입니다.
다시 말하자면, 질문이 있나요?
다시 말하자면, 숙제를 꼭 하세요.
다시 말하자면, 이 이론은 중요합니다.

Giving Directions

다시 말하자면, 왼쪽으로 가세요.
다시 말하자면, 역 근처에 있어요.
다시 말하자면, 찾기 쉬워요.
다시 말하자면, 조금 멀어요.

Expressing Feelings

다시 말하자면, 미안해요.
다시 말하자면, 고마워요.
다시 말하자면, 화가 났어요.
다시 말하자면, 행복해요.

News/Media

다시 말하자면, 경제가 어렵습니다.
다시 말하자면, 비가 올 예정입니다.
다시 말하자면, 사건이 해결되었습니다.
다시 말하자면, 투표가 시작되었습니다.

Gesprächseinstiege

"어제 본 영화는 복잡했어요. 다시 말하자면, 이해하기 힘들었어요. 당신은 어땠나요?"

"한국어 공부는 어려워요. 다시 말하자면, 시간이 많이 걸려요. 어떻게 공부하세요?"

"저는 매운 음식을 못 먹어요. 다시 말하자면, 김치도 잘 못 먹어요. 당신은요?"

"요즘 너무 바빠요. 다시 말하자면, 쉴 시간이 없어요. 당신은 바쁜가요?"

"이 카페는 조용해요. 다시 말하자면, 공부하기 좋아요. 여기 자주 오세요?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

오늘 가장 힘들었던 일은 무엇인가요? 다시 말하자면, 왜 그 일이 힘들었나요?

자신의 성격을 한 단어로 설명하고, 다시 말하자면 어떤 사람인지 구체적으로 써보세요.

가장 좋아하는 계절을 쓰고, 다시 말하자면 그 계절의 어떤 점이 좋은지 설명해 보세요.

미래의 꿈에 대해 쓰고, 다시 말하자면 10년 뒤에 어떤 모습일지 상상해 보세요.

한국어 학습의 목표를 쓰고, 다시 말하자면 왜 한국어를 배우는지 다시 한번 생각해서 적어보세요.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

It is slightly formal but perfectly acceptable in polite daily conversation, especially when you want to be clear. If you are talking to very close friends, '그러니까' or '내 말은' might sound more natural. However, using '다시 말하자면' won't make you sound weird; it just makes you sound articulate and helpful.

No, it is a discourse marker that almost always appears at the beginning of a sentence or clause. It functions as a bridge between two ideas, so it needs something before it and something after it to work correctly.

'-자면' comes from '-자고 하면' (if we propose/intend to say). It has a stronger sense of the speaker's intention to clarify. '-하면' is a simple conditional (if you say). In this specific phrase, '다시 말하자면' is the more established rhetorical idiom.

No, that's a common mistake. For examples, use '예를 들면' (For example) or '예를 들어' (For instance). '다시 말하자면' is for saying the *same thing* in a different way, not for giving a specific case of a general rule.

Yes, '다시 말해' is a very common shortened version. It is slightly less formal but carries the exact same meaning. It's great for casual-polite situations (Jondaemal).

In written Korean, a comma is frequently used after '다시 말하자면' to help the reader pause and realize a clarification is coming. In spoken Korean, a short pause serves the same purpose.

Generally, no. Since it means 'In other words,' there must be some 'first words' to refer back to. However, you could use it if you are continuing a conversation from earlier or referring to a well-known fact.

Try not to use it more than once or twice in a short speech. Overusing it can make you sound repetitive or like you are talking down to your audience. Use synonyms like '즉' or '바꿔 말하면' to keep your speech varied.

The phrase '다시 말하자면' itself doesn't change, but the sentence it introduces should match the politeness level of your conversation. If you are using 'Hapsyo-che' (-습니다), end the sentence with '-라는 뜻입니다'. If using 'Haeyo-che' (-요), use '-라는 뜻이에요'.

It's rare in catchy pop lyrics because it's a bit long and logical, but you might find it in ballads or rap verses where the artist is explaining a complex feeling or telling a detailed story.

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