결정되다 in 30 Sekunden
- 결정되다 means 'to be decided' or 'to be determined'.
- It is the passive form of 결정하다 (to decide).
- It focuses on the result or outcome of a decision.
- Commonly used for dates, winners, rules, and plans.
The Korean verb 결정되다 (Gyeol-jeong-doe-da) is the passive counterpart to the active verb 결정하다 (to decide). In linguistic terms, it describes a state where a choice, path, or outcome has been finalized by an external force, a group, or circumstances, rather than focusing on the individual who made the choice. When you use 결정되다, the emphasis shifts entirely to the result of the decision-making process. This is a crucial distinction in Korean social dynamics, where focusing on the outcome rather than the actor can often sound more polite, objective, or formal. For example, in a business setting, saying 'The meeting time was decided' sounds more professional than 'We decided the meeting time' if the speaker wants to highlight the finality of the schedule itself.
- Passive Transformation
- The suffix -되다 transforms the noun 결정 (decision) into a passive verb, indicating that the decision 'becomes' or 'is done'.
- Inanimate Subjects
- Typically used with subjects like 날짜 (date), 장소 (place), 결과 (result), or 운명 (fate).
- External Agency
- It implies that the decision was reached through a process, often involving multiple people or external factors beyond the speaker's sole control.
"드디어 다음 달 여행 장소가 결정되었습니다." (Finally, the location for next month's trip has been decided.)
Understanding 결정되다 requires recognizing its role in the 'Action vs. State' dichotomy of Korean grammar. While 결정하다 is an action you perform, 결정되다 is a state that is reached. This is why it is frequently used in news headlines, official announcements, and formal reports. It provides a sense of objectivity. If a law is passed, the news will say the law 'was decided' (결정되었다) to signify it is now an established fact. In personal life, it is used when you are waiting for news, such as a job application result or a university admission status. You might ask, "결과가 언제 결정돼요?" (When will the result be decided?).
"우승자가 투표로 결정됩니다." (The winner is decided by vote.)
Furthermore, the word carries a weight of finality. Once something is 결정되다, it implies that the period of deliberation is over. This makes it a powerful word in narratives or dramatic contexts where 'fate' (운명) is discussed. In many Korean dramas, you might hear characters lamenting that their paths were already 'decided' by their families or social status. This nuance of lack of agency is central to the passive voice in Korean, making 결정되다 a key vocabulary item for expressing both bureaucratic outcomes and philosophical constraints.
Using 결정되다 correctly involves mastering the passive sentence structure and understanding the appropriate social registers. Because it is a passive verb, the 'doer' of the action is often omitted or marked with the particle 에 의해 (by) or 에서 (at/by an organization). However, in most natural Korean sentences, the focus remains purely on the subject that has been decided.
1. Basic Sentence Structure
The most common pattern is: [Noun]이/가 결정되다. This is used for dates, times, winners, and choices.
- Example A
- 회의 시간이 오후 3시로 결정되었습니다. (The meeting time was decided for 3 PM.)
- Example B
- 합격 여부가 내일 결정될 거예요. (Whether you passed or not will be decided tomorrow.)
2. Tense Variations
Because decisions are often events that have already happened or are expected to happen, the past and future tenses are more common than the simple present tense.
- Past (결정되었다/결정됐어요): Used when the deliberation is finished. "The plan was decided."
- Future (결정될 것이다/결정될 거예요): Used for upcoming results. "The winner will be decided."
- Present Progressive (결정되고 있다): Used when a decision is currently in the process of being finalized. "The policy is being decided."
"아직 아무것도 결정되지 않았습니다." (Nothing has been decided yet.)
3. Formal vs. Informal Register
In highly formal settings (news, presentations), use the -습니다 ending. In polite daily conversation, use -어요. In casual speech with friends, use -어. Note that 결정되다 is inherently a bit more formal than its synonym 정해지다, so it is less common in very casual street slang but very common in school or work environments.
You will encounter 결정되다 in a variety of specific environments in Korea, ranging from the highly professional to the deeply personal. Recognizing these contexts will help you understand the nuance of the word beyond its dictionary definition.
1. Corporate and Office Environments
In a Korean office, decisions are often made by committees or senior management. Therefore, employees frequently hear that a project's direction or a budget has been 'decided'.
"이번 프로젝트의 팀장이 김 대리님으로 결정됐습니다." (Assistant Manager Kim has been decided as the team leader for this project.)
2. News and Media
News anchors use this verb constantly when reporting on government policies, court rulings, or international sports results. It conveys that the information is official and no longer up for debate.
- News Headline
- 새로운 최저임금이 시급 9,860원으로 결정되었습니다. (The new minimum wage has been decided at 9,860 won per hour.)
3. Academic and School Settings
Students hear this word regarding exam dates, school festival programs, or university admissions. It is the standard way to announce administrative outcomes.
"기말고사 범위가 드디어 결정되었으니 공지사항을 확인하세요." (The scope of the final exam has finally been decided, so please check the announcements.)
4. Sports and Competitions
In sports broadcasting, when a match is very close, the commentator might say the game will be 'decided' by a single goal or a penalty shootout. It emphasizes the critical moment of determination.
Even intermediate learners often stumble when using 결정되다 because of its passive nature. Here are the most frequent errors and how to avoid them.
1. Confusing with 결정하다 (Active vs. Passive)
The most common mistake is using 결정되다 when you should use 결정하다. If you are the one making the choice, use 결정하다. If the choice is being made about something, use 결정되다.
- ❌ 내가 점심 메뉴를 결정됐어. (Incorrect: I was decided the lunch menu.)
- ✅ 내가 점심 메뉴를 결정했어. (Correct: I decided the lunch menu.)
- ✅ 점심 메뉴가 결정됐어. (Correct: The lunch menu was decided.)
2. Incorrect Particle Usage
Since 결정되다 is passive, it cannot take the object particle 을/를. It must take the subject particle 이/가.
❌ "날짜를 결정됐어요." (Grammatically impossible in Korean.)
✅ "날짜가 결정됐어요." (Correct.)
3. Over-formalizing Casual Situations
While 결정되다 is correct, using it for very minor things with friends can sound a bit stiff. For example, if you and a friend are choosing a movie, saying "영화가 결정됐어" sounds like a formal announcement. In these cases, 정해졌어 (from 정해지다) is more natural and warm.
Korean has several words that translate to 'to be decided' or 'to be fixed'. Choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and the specific context of the decision.
- 정해지다 (Jeong-hae-ji-da)
This is the most common synonym. It is slightly less formal than 결정되다 and is used in everyday life for things like meeting times, rules, or plans.
"약속 장소가 아직 안 정해졌어요." (The promise location hasn't been set yet.)
- 확정되다 (Hwak-jeong-doe-da)
This implies a 'final' or 'confirmed' decision. It is stronger than 결정되다 and suggests that there is absolutely no room for change. Used for flight schedules, final results, or official laws.
"출국 날짜가 확정되었습니다." (The departure date has been confirmed/finalized.)
- 결말이 나다 (Gyeol-mal-i na-da)
Literally 'to come to a conclusion'. Used for stories, long arguments, or complex situations that finally reach an end.
"긴 싸움이 드디어 결말이 났다." (The long fight finally came to an end/was decided.)
"결정되다 is the 'middle ground'—formal enough for work, but simple enough for daily life."
How Formal Is It?
Schwierigkeitsgrad
Wichtige Grammatik
Passive verbs with -되다
Noun + 이/가 되다
Indirect speech -다고 하다
Reasoning with -기 때문에
Beispiele nach Niveau
시간이 결정됐어요.
The time has been decided.
Past tense of 결정되다.
장소가 결정됐어요.
The place has been decided.
Subject (장소) + 가 + 결정됐어요.
메뉴가 결정됐어요.
The menu has been decided.
Simple passive statement.
언제 결정돼요?
When is it decided?
Present tense question.
아직 안 결정됐어요.
It hasn't been decided yet.
Negative form using '안'.
오늘 결정돼요.
It is decided today.
Time adverb + verb.
날짜가 결정됐어요?
Was the date decided?
Question form.
이것으로 결정됐어요.
It was decided as this one.
~으로 (as/by) particle.
여행 날짜가 드디어 결정됐어요.
The travel date has finally been decided.
Use of adverb '드디어' (finally).
회의 장소가 어디로 결정됐나요?
Where was the meeting place decided to be?
Polite question ending -나요.
내일 결과가 결정될 거예요.
The result will be decided tomorrow.
Future tense -을 거예요.
선물이 아직 결정되지 않았어요.
The gift hasn't been decided yet.
Formal negative -지 않다.
팀장이 누구로 결정됐어요?
Who was decided as the team leader?
Interrogative '누구' (who).
가격이 어제 결정되었습니다.
The price was decided yesterday.
Formal ending -습니다.
시험 범위가 결정됐으니까 공부하세요.
Since the exam scope was decided, please study.
Reason connector -(으)니까.
어떤 영화를 볼지 결정됐어요?
Has it been decided which movie to watch?
Indirect question clause -을지.
이번 회의에서 새로운 규칙이 결정되었습니다.
New rules were decided at this meeting.
Location particle -에서.
합격 여부는 면접 후에 결정됩니다.
Whether you pass or not is decided after the interview.
Time connector -후에.
우승자가 투표에 의해 결정될 예정입니다.
The winner is scheduled to be decided by vote.
Noun + 에 의해 (by).
예산이 결정되면 바로 알려드릴게요.
If the budget is decided, I will let you know immediately.
Conditional -면.
이사 갈 집이 아직 결정되지 않아서 걱정이에요.
I'm worried because the house to move into hasn't been decided yet.
Reason connector -아서.
모든 것이 계획대로 결정되고 있습니다.
Everything is being decided according to plan.
Progressive form -고 있다.
누가 갈지는 제비뽑기로 결정됐어요.
Who will go was decided by drawing straws.
Method particle -로.
결혼식 날짜가 10월로 결정되었다고 들었어요.
I heard that the wedding date was decided for October.
Indirect speech -다고 들다.
정부의 새로운 정책이 다음 주에 결정될 것으로 보입니다.
It appears that the government's new policy will be decided next week.
Speculative ending -을 것으로 보이다.
그의 운명은 이 한 번의 경기로 결정될 것입니다.
His fate will be decided by this one match.
Abstract subject '운명' (fate).
판매 가격은 시장의 수요에 따라 결정됩니다.
The selling price is decided according to market demand.
~에 따라 (according to).
후보자들의 순위가 근소한 차이로 결정되었습니다.
The candidates' rankings were decided by a narrow margin.
Adverbial phrase '근소한 차이로'.
어떤 방식으로 보상할지가 아직 결정되지 않았습니다.
How to compensate has not yet been decided.
Complex noun clause with -지.
프로젝트의 성공 여부는 팀워크에 의해 결정된다고 해도 과언이 아니다.
It is no exaggeration to say that the success of a project is decided by teamwork.
Idiomatic expression -라고 해도 과언이 아니다.
주최 측의 사정에 의해 행사 일정이 변경되는 것으로 결정되었습니다.
It was decided that the event schedule would be changed due to the organizer's circumstances.
Complex passive structure.
배역이 결정되자마자 연습이 시작되었습니다.
As soon as the roles were decided, practice began.
Immediate action -자마자.
법안의 통과 여부는 국회 본회의에서 결정될 전망입니다.
Whether the bill will pass is expected to be decided at the National Assembly plenary session.
Formal term '전망이다' (is expected).
인간의 성격은 유전과 환경의 상호작용에 의해 결정된다는 견해가 많다.
There are many views that human personality is decided by the interaction of heredity and environment.
Noun clause -는다는 견해.
이번 사태의 책임 소재가 명확히 결정되어야 합니다.
The location of responsibility for this situation must be clearly decided.
Abstract noun '책임 소재' (location of responsibility).
협상의 결과가 어떻게 결정되느냐에 따라 향후 관계가 달라질 것입니다.
Future relations will change depending on how the results of the negotiations are decided.
Conditional clause -느냐에 따라.
그 정책은 국민들의 여론을 수렴하여 결정된 것입니다.
That policy was decided by gathering public opinion.
Participial construction -하여.
역사의 흐름은 종종 사소한 사건들에 의해 결정되기도 한다.
The flow of history is often decided by minor events.
Emphasis particle -기도 하다.
어떤 가치를 우선시할지는 사회적 합의를 통해 결정되어야 할 문제입니다.
Which values to prioritize is a matter that must be decided through social consensus.
Complex subject clause.
예산 배정 방식이 효율성보다는 형평성에 초점을 맞춰 결정되었습니다.
The budget allocation method was decided with a focus on equity rather than efficiency.
Comparison -보다는.
존재의 본질이 행위에 의해 결정된다는 실존주의적 관점은 흥미롭다.
The existentialist perspective that the essence of existence is decided by actions is interesting.
Philosophical terminology.
국가 간의 경계는 전쟁과 조약이라는 복합적인 과정 속에서 결정되어 왔다.
Boundaries between nations have been decided within the complex process of wars and treaties.
Present perfect progressive -어 왔다.
사건의 진실은 법정에서의 치열한 공방을 통해 결정될 수밖에 없다.
The truth of the case cannot help but be decided through fierce debate in court.
Inevitability structure -을 수밖에 없다.
예술적 가치는 시대의 미적 기준에 따라 유동적으로 결정되는 경향이 있다.
Artistic value tends to be decided fluidly according to the aesthetic standards of the era.
Adverb '유동적으로' (fluidly).
개인의 정체성이 타인의 시선에 의해 결정되도록 방치해서는 안 된다.
One must not leave one's identity to be decided by the gaze of others.
Causative-passive nuance -도록 방치하다.
우주의 운명이 암흑 에너지의 밀도에 의해 결정된다는 가설이 제기되었다.
A hypothesis has been raised that the fate of the universe is decided by the density of dark energy.
Scientific terminology.
언어의 의미는 고정된 것이 아니라 사회적 맥락 속에서 끊임없이 결정되고 재구성된다.
The meaning of language is not fixed but is constantly decided and reconstructed within social contexts.
Contrastive structure -이 아니라.
정치적 정당성은 권력의 획득 과정이 얼마나 투명했느냐에 의해 결정된다.
Political legitimacy is decided by how transparent the process of acquiring power was.
Abstract political discourse.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
Wird oft verwechselt mit
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
Leicht verwechselbar
Satzmuster
[Noun]이/가 결정되다
[Noun]으로 결정되다
[Time]로 결정되다
[Verb-지] 결정되다
So verwendest du es
Slightly more formal than 정해지다.
Very high in professional and academic settings.
- Using 을/를 instead of 이/가.
- Using it to mean 'I made up my mind' (should be 결심하다).
- Using double passives like 결정되어지다.
- Using it for very trivial personal choices like 'I decided to wear this' (should be 결정했다).
- Forgetting the past tense marker when the decision is already done.
Tipps
Particle Check
Always check if you used '이/가'. If you used '을/를', change the verb to '결정하다'.
Synonym Swap
In a text, try swapping '결정되다' with '확정되다' if the decision is 100% final.
Softening
Use '결정된 것 같아요' (It seems to have been decided) to sound more polite and less blunt.
TOPIK Tip
Use this verb in the passive to describe survey results or social changes in Task 53.
Consensus
Remember that using the passive voice often sounds more humble in Korean culture.
News Cues
When you hear '결정되었습니다', pay attention to the numbers or names right before it.
Rhyme
Gyeol-jeong (Decision) + Doe-da (Become). Decision becomes reality.
Agency
Use this when you want to distance yourself from the decision-making responsibility.
Office Talk
This is the 'go-to' word for any professional updates.
Negative Form
Use '미정' (un-decided) as a noun shorthand for '결정되지 않음'.
Einprägen
Wortherkunft
Sino-Korean roots meaning 'to settle a flow' or 'to fix a resolution'.
Kultureller Kontext
When planning a gathering, using '정해지다' is more friendly, while '결정되다' sounds like you are following a strict plan.
Announcements of promotions or project shifts always use this passive form to maintain hierarchy and harmony.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Gesprächseinstiege
"이번 주말 계획이 결정됐어요?"
"다음 학기 시간표가 결정됐나요?"
"우승자가 누구로 결정될 것 같아요?"
"새로운 팀장이 결정됐다는 소식 들었어요?"
"점심 메뉴 결정됐어요? 제가 추천할까요?"
Tagebuch-Impulse
오늘 내 인생에서 중요하게 결정된 일이 있나요?
내가 스스로 결정한 일과, 상황에 의해 결정된 일에 대해 써보세요.
아직 결정되지 않아서 불안한 일이 있나요?
미래의 내 직업이 어떻게 결정되길 바라나요?
가장 최근에 결정된 가족 여행에 대해 설명해보세요.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 FragenOnly if the person is the 'result' of a choice, like 'The winner was decided'. You don't say 'I was decided' to mean 'I decided'.
결정되다 is more formal and implies a process of deliberation. 정해지다 is more common in daily life.
Always use '결정되다'. '결정되어지다' is a redundant double passive.
No, because it is a passive verb. Use 이/가.
Use '으로' to specify the role or specific choice, like 'He was decided AS the leader'.
Less often than past or future, unless describing a general rule or an ongoing process.
Often, yes, or that external factors were involved.
Yes, '운명이 결정되다' is a very common expression.
Yes, very frequently for official announcements.
아직 결정되지 않았어요.
Teste dich selbst 178 Fragen
/ 178 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Use <span class='font-bold text-violet-700'>결정되다</span> when you want to emphasize that a decision has been reached, especially in formal or objective contexts, rather than focusing on who made the decision.
- 결정되다 means 'to be decided' or 'to be determined'.
- It is the passive form of 결정하다 (to decide).
- It focuses on the result or outcome of a decision.
- Commonly used for dates, winners, rules, and plans.
Particle Check
Always check if you used '이/가'. If you used '을/를', change the verb to '결정하다'.
Synonym Swap
In a text, try swapping '결정되다' with '확정되다' if the decision is 100% final.
Softening
Use '결정된 것 같아요' (It seems to have been decided) to sound more polite and less blunt.
TOPIK Tip
Use this verb in the passive to describe survey results or social changes in Task 53.
Verwandte Inhalte
Mehr work Wörter
주 5일제
A2Das „ju o-il je“ ist das Standardarbeitssystem in Korea, bei dem die Menschen fünf Tage pro Woche arbeiten, normalerweise von Montag bis Freitag, und Samstag und Sonntag als freie Tage haben.
결근
A2Abwesenheit von der Arbeit; nicht bei der Arbeit anwesend sein. Das Wort '결근' bedeutet Abwesenheit von der Arbeit. Es wird verwendet, wenn ein Arbeitnehmer nicht zur Arbeit erscheint.
결근하다
A2Vom Dienst fernbleiben. Zum Beispiel: 'Er fehlte heute wegen Krankheit bei der Arbeit.'
추상적이다
A2Abstrakt sein. Es bezieht sich auf Dinge, die nicht gegenständlich oder greifbar sind.
출입증
A2Ausweis, Zugangskarte. Ein Ausweis oder eine Zugangskarte, die den Zutritt zu einem bestimmten Ort ermöglicht. Es ist eine spezielle Karte, wie ein Ausweis, die Sie vorzeigen müssen, um ein Gebäude oder einen Bereich zu betreten oder zu verlassen.
회계
B1Buchhaltung ist die systematische Erfassung und Berichterstattung von Finanztransaktionen.
경리
A2Die Verwaltung und Aufzeichnung der finanziellen Informationen eines Unternehmens, wie Einnahmen und Ausgaben. Der Begriff bezeichnet die Buchhaltung oder das Führen von Büchern.
업적
B1Eine bedeutende Leistung oder ein Verdienst, meist im historischen oder beruflichen Kontext. Es impliziert ein bleibendes Erbe.
적극적이다
A2Aktiv oder proaktiv sein. Es bedeutet, die Initiative zu ergreifen und sich engagiert zu beteiligen.
적극적으로
B1In einer aktiven, proaktiven oder enthusiastischen Weise. Zum Beispiel: 'Sie nimmt aktiv am Unterricht teil.'
