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A1 noun 7 Min. Lesezeit

जमीन

Floor or ground

At the A1 level, 'जमीन' (jamīn) is introduced as a basic noun meaning 'floor' or 'ground'. Learners should focus on using it in simple sentences to describe where objects are located. At this stage, the most important grammatical rule is knowing that 'jamīn' is a feminine noun. You will mostly use it with the suffix '-var' to say 'on the floor'. For example, 'The pen is on the floor' becomes 'Pen jamīnīvar aahe'. You should also learn that it is used for both the indoor floor and the outdoor ground. It is one of the first 500 words a learner should master because it is essential for giving and following simple instructions like 'Sit on the floor' or 'The bag is on the ground'.

At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'जमीन' to include basic descriptions of property and environment. You will start using adjectives with the word, such as 'swachh jamīn' (clean floor) or 'oli jamīn' (wet ground). This level also introduces the plural form 'jamīnī' and the concept of owning land. A2 learners should be able to describe a simple scene, such as a farmer working on his 'jamīn'. You will also begin to encounter 'jamīn' in the context of buying things, such as 'This land is for sale'. The distinction between 'jamīn' and 'farshi' (tile) becomes more relevant here as you learn more specific household vocabulary.

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At the B1 level, 'जमीन' is used in more complex sentence structures and common idiomatic expressions. You will learn to use it in the context of real estate, agriculture, and simple legal matters. For example, discussing 'jamīnīche vātapa' (distribution of land) or 'jamīn mahsul' (land revenue). This level also introduces the first few idioms, such as 'jamīn-asmancha farak' (a difference as big as between the ground and the sky, meaning a huge difference). You should be comfortable using 'jamīn' in various cases (oblique forms) and understanding its role in compound words. Your ability to distinguish between the technical 'mruda' (soil) and the general 'jamīn' should improve at this stage.

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At the B2 level, 'जमीन' appears in abstract and professional contexts. You will encounter it in news articles about land acquisition, environmental degradation (soil erosion), and geopolitical disputes. You should be able to discuss the importance of land in the economy of Maharashtra. This level requires understanding the metaphorical uses of the word, such as 'groundwork' or 'foundation' of an argument. You will also learn more sophisticated synonyms like 'bhūmī' and 'dhartī' and know exactly when to use which register. For instance, using 'bhūmī' in a formal speech versus 'jamīn' in a casual conversation. You can now handle complex legal or technical discussions involving land rights.

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At the C1 level, 'जमीन' is used with high precision in literary and philosophical contexts. You will explore how Marathi literature uses 'jamīn' to represent identity, roots, and the struggle of the working class (especially in 'Dalit literature' or 'Gramin Sahitya'). You should be able to analyze the use of 'jamīn' as a motif in poetry. Your mastery over idioms involving 'jamīn' should be near-native, allowing you to use them spontaneously to add flavor to your speech. You will understand the subtle historical and cultural connotations of land ownership in Maharashtra, including the 'Zamindari' system and land reforms, and be able to debate these topics fluently using the word and its derivatives.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete grasp of 'जमीन' in all its nuances. You can appreciate the word's etymological journey from Persian into Marathi and its phonetic evolution. You can use 'jamīn' in highly specialized fields like geology, advanced law, or classical poetry with ease. At this level, you understand the rhythmic and tonal qualities the word brings to a sentence. You can interpret and create complex puns or double meanings involving 'jamīn'. Your understanding of the word is not just linguistic but deeply cultural, recognizing how 'jamīn' anchors the entire Maharashtrian worldview. You can read archival documents or ancient texts where the word or its archaic forms appear and interpret them with full context.

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जमीन in 30 Sekunden

Jamīn means floor, ground, or land.
It is a feminine noun in Marathi (Ti jamīn).
Commonly used with '-var' to mean 'on the floor/ground'.
It has deep cultural and economic significance in Maharashtra.

The Marathi word जमीन (Jamīn) is a foundational noun that primarily translates to 'ground', 'floor', or 'land'. Derived from Persian, it has become deeply integrated into the Marathi language, carrying both literal and metaphorical weights. In a literal sense, it refers to the solid surface of the earth or the floor of a building. However, its usage extends far beyond physical surfaces into the realms of agriculture, real estate, and emotional identity. For a Marathi speaker, especially in the agrarian context of Maharashtra, 'Jamīn' represents livelihood, ancestry, and stability.

Literal Ground: When you drop something, it falls on the 'jamīn'. When you sit down in a traditional Marathi household to eat, you sit on the 'jamīn'. It is the physical base of existence.

मुले जमिनीवर खेळत आहेत. (Children are playing on the ground.)

Agricultural Land: In rural Maharashtra, 'jamīn' refers to the fields. A farmer is often identified by the amount of 'jamīn' he owns. Phrases like 'supeek jamīn' (fertile land) or 'pikhau jamīn' (arable land) are common in daily discourse.

Beyond the physical, 'jamīn' is used to describe a person's temperament. Someone who is 'jamīnivarcha manus' (a man on the ground) is considered humble and down-to-earth. Conversely, losing one's 'jamīn' (payakhalchi jamīn sarakne) implies a total loss of stability or being shocked to the core. This word is ubiquitous in news reports regarding real estate prices, environmental soil health, and legal disputes over territory. Whether you are cleaning your room or discussing international borders, 'jamīn' remains the central term for the space we occupy.

Using 'जमीन' correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior as a feminine noun and its various postpositions. In Marathi, nouns change their form when followed by a suffix. For 'जमीन', the base remains mostly stable, but the context dictates the verb agreement. When you want to say 'on the ground', you add the suffix '-var', resulting in 'जमिनीवर' (jamīnīvar). Note the subtle 'i' sound added to the end of 'jamīn' before the suffix.

ती जमीन खूप महाग आहे. (That land is very expensive.)

Describing Quality: Adjectives must match the feminine gender. You use 'hi' (this) or 'ti' (that). For example: 'Hi jamīn kali aahe' (This soil is black/fertile). 'Kali' is the feminine form of 'Kala' (Black).

When using it as 'floor' in a domestic setting, it is often paired with verbs like 'pusne' (to wipe) or 'zakne' (to cover). In construction, you might hear about 'jamīn tayar karne' (preparing the ground/leveling). In legal contexts, 'jamīn kharedi-vikri' (buying and selling of land) is a standard phrase used in documents and advertisements.

आम्ही जमिनीवर चटई अंथरली. (We spread a mat on the floor.)

In more advanced usage, 'jamīn' is used to describe the background or foundation of a situation. For instance, 'prashnachi jamīn' could refer to the 'groundwork of the question'. However, for beginners, focusing on the distinction between 'floor' (inside) and 'land' (outside) is the most effective way to master its application in daily Marathi conversation.

You will encounter 'जमीन' in almost every sphere of Maharashtrian life. If you are in a city like Mumbai or Pune, you will hear it in the context of 'Real Estate'. Real estate agents and developers constantly talk about 'jamīnīche dar' (land rates). In newspapers like Sakal or Lokmat, headlines often feature 'jamīn' when discussing government acquisitions for highways or infrastructure projects.

At Home: Mothers often tell children, 'Jamīnīvar basu nako, thand lagel' (Don't sit on the floor, you will catch a cold). It is the standard word for the floor in a house, regardless of whether it is made of tile, marble, or mud.

आईने जमीन स्वच्छ पुसली आहे. (Mother has wiped the floor clean.)

In the countryside, 'jamīn' is the lifeblood of the village. During the festival of Pola or before the monsoon, farmers talk about 'jamīnīchi mashagat' (cultivation/preparation of the land). You'll hear it in folk songs (Bharuds or Lavani) where the earth is praised as a mother figure. In a legal setting, a 'Tehsildar' office is where people go for 'jamīnīche kagadpatra' (land documents/records).

ही जमीन आमच्या पूर्वजांची आहे. (This land belongs to our ancestors.)

Finally, in sports, especially traditional wrestling (Kusti), the 'jamīn' or 'haud' (pit) is the arena. Commentators will describe a wrestler being pinned to the 'jamīn'. Whether it's the 'floor' under your feet or the 'territory' of a nation, 'jamīn' is the essential term used across all social strata in Maharashtra.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using 'floor' and 'ground' interchangeably in English and then trying to find two different words in Marathi. While Marathi does have 'farshi' (tile/floor surface), 'जमीन' is the broader and more natural term for 'floor' in most contexts. Another major error is gender. Since 'jamīn' ends in a consonant, many learners assume it is masculine. However, it is strictly feminine.

Gender Error: Incorrect: 'To jamīn motha aahe.' (That land is big - using masculine). Correct: 'Ti jamīn mothi aahe.' (Using feminine).

तिथे जमीन ओली आहे, जपून चाल. (The ground there is wet, walk carefully.)

A second mistake involves the oblique form. When adding suffixes like '-var' (on), '-la' (to), or '-cha' (of), 'jamīn' changes to 'jamīnī-'. Beginners often say 'jamīn-var' instead of the correct 'jamīnī-var'. This extra 'i' sound is crucial for sounding like a native speaker. Furthermore, do not confuse 'jamīn' (land/ground) with 'dharti' (earth/planet/mother earth). While they are synonyms, 'dharti' is more poetic and 'jamīn' is more practical.

Lastly, avoid using 'jamīn' for 'soil' in a scientific or highly specific agricultural sense if you want to be precise; 'mruda' is the scientific term for soil. However, in casual talk, 'jamīn' works perfectly. Using the wrong register (e.g., using 'bhumi' in a casual conversation about a dirty floor) can also sound strange, as 'bhumi' is very formal and Sanskritized.

Marathi is rich with synonyms for 'जमीन', each carrying a different shade of meaning and register. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are speaking formally, poetically, or technically. Here is a breakdown of the most common alternatives:

भूमी (Bhūmī): This is a formal, Sanskrit-derived word. It is used in terms like 'Bhūmīpūjan' (foundation stone ceremony) or when referring to 'Motherland' (Mātṛbhūmī). You wouldn't use this to refer to the floor of your kitchen.
धरती (Dhartī): Highly poetic and emotional. It evokes the image of the Earth as a nurturing mother. Common in literature and songs. 'Dhartīmātā' is a standard personification.
मृदा (Mrudā): The technical and scientific word for 'soil'. Used in geography textbooks and agricultural science. It refers to the physical composition of the earth's surface.

शेतकरी भूमीची पूजा करतात. (Farmers worship the land/earth.)

Other less common words include 'भुई' (Bhuī), which is often used in rural dialects and specific idioms like 'bhuī-mūg' (groundnut). 'क्षिती' (Kshitī) is more related to the horizon or the expanse of the earth. In legal documents, you might see 'क्षेत्र' (Kshetra) to define the area of the land. Understanding these nuances helps a learner transition from basic communication to nuanced expression. For instance, while 'jamīn' is functional, 'dhartī' is soulful.

How Formal Is It?

Formell

"शासनाने जमिनीच्या पुनर्वसनासाठी नवीन धोरण जाहीर केले आहे."

Neutral

"ही जमीन खूप सुपीक आहे."

Informell

"अरे, जमिनीवर का बसलायस? खुर्चीवर बस."

Child friendly

"बाळा, जमिनीवरची खेळणी उचल."

Umgangssprache

"त्याचा गेम करून त्याला जमीनदोस्त केलं."

Wusstest du?

Despite being a loanword, 'jamīn' has completely replaced many native Sanskrit words in daily speech because of its use in the revenue system established hundreds of years ago.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /d͡ʒə.miːn/

US /d͡ʒə.min/

The stress is slightly on the second syllable 'mīn'.

Reimt sich auf

रंगीन (Rangīn) मशीन (Mashīn) कठीण (Kathīn - approximate) महिना (Mahinā - partial) नमीन (Namīn) तल्लीन (Tallīn) कुलीन (Kulīn) प्रवीण (Pravīn)

Häufige Fehler

Using a hard 'z' sound like in English 'Zebra'. It should be a soft 'j'.
Shortening the 'ee' sound to 'i' like in 'bin'.
Mispronouncing the 'n' as a retroflex 'N' (ण) instead of dental 'n' (न).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 1/5

The word is short and uses standard characters. Easy to recognize.

Schreiben 2/5

Requires remembering the 'ee' vowel sign (velanti) and the feminine gender.

Sprechen 2/5

Easy to pronounce but requires correct inflection in sentences.

Hören 1/5

Distinctive sound, unlikely to be confused with other common words.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

घर (House) वर (On) खाली (Down/Under) आहे (Is) शेत (Field)

Als Nächstes lernen

आकाश (Sky) दगड (Stone) माती (Soil/Mud) पाणी (Water) झाड (Tree)

Fortgeschritten

भूसंपादन (Land Acquisition) क्षेत्रफळ (Area) मशागत (Cultivation) अतिक्रमण (Encroachment) वारसाहक्क (Inheritance)

Wichtige Grammatik

Feminine Noun Endings

Most nouns ending in a consonant can be any gender, but 'Jamīn' is consistently feminine (Ti).

Oblique Case (General)

Jamīn becomes Jamīnī- before suffixes like -var, -la, -cha.

Adjective Agreement

Kali (Black) + Jamīn = Kali Jamīn. (Both are feminine).

Pluralization

Adding 'i' to the end: Jamīn -> Jamīnī.

Postpositions

Using 'var' (on) or 'khali' (under) directly after the oblique form 'jamīnī'.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

ही जमीन आहे.

This is ground/land.

'Hi' is the feminine 'this' matching 'jamīn'.

पुस्तक जमिनीवर पडले.

The book fell on the floor.

'Jamīnīvar' uses the suffix '-var' (on).

जमीन स्वच्छ आहे.

The floor is clean.

'Swachh' is the adjective for clean.

खाली जमिनीवर बस.

Sit down on the floor.

'Bas' is the imperative 'sit'.

ती जमीन कोणाची आहे?

Whose land is that?

'Konachi' means 'whose'.

जमीन ओली आहे.

The ground is wet.

'Oli' is the feminine form of 'Ola' (wet).

चेंडू जमिनीवर आहे.

The ball is on the ground.

'Aahe' is the verb 'is'.

जमीन मऊ आहे.

The ground is soft.

'Mau' means soft.

शेतकरी जमिनीची मशागत करत आहे.

The farmer is cultivating the land.

'Jamīnīchi' is the genitive case (of the land).

आम्ही नवीन जमीन खरेदी केली.

We bought new land.

'Kharedi keli' is the past tense 'bought'.

जमिनीवर कचरा टाकू नकोस.

Do not throw trash on the ground.

'Taku nakos' is the negative imperative.

या जमिनीवर गवत उगवले आहे.

Grass has grown on this land.

'Ugavle aahe' is the perfect tense.

जमिनीचा रंग काळा आहे.

The color of the soil is black.

Using 'jamīn' to mean soil.

तिने जमिनीवर सुंदर रांगोळी काढली.

She drew a beautiful Rangoli on the floor.

'Kadhli' is the past tense for 'drew'.

आमच्या घराची जमीन सिमेंटची आहे.

Our house floor is made of cement.

'Cement-chi' shows the material.

जमिनीखाली काय आहे?

What is under the ground?

'-khali' is the postposition for 'under'.

दोन्ही भावांमध्ये जमिनीवरून वाद झाला.

An argument occurred between the two brothers over land.

'-varun' indicates the cause or subject of the dispute.

या योजनेमुळे जमिनीचे भाव वाढले आहेत.

Land prices have increased because of this scheme.

'Bhav' means price/rate.

त्यांच्या वागण्यात जमीन-अस्मानचा फरक आहे.

There is a massive difference in their behavior.

Idiom: 'jamīn-asmancha farak'.

पाऊस पडल्यामुळे जमीन सुपीक झाली.

The land became fertile due to the rain.

'Supeek' means fertile.

जमीन सपाट करण्याचे काम चालू आहे.

The work of leveling the ground is ongoing.

'Sapat' means flat/level.

या झाडाची मुळे जमिनीच्या खोलवर गेली आहेत.

The roots of this tree have gone deep into the ground.

'Kholvar' means deep into.

सरकारने शेतकऱ्यांची जमीन ताब्यात घेतली.

The government took possession of the farmers' land.

'Tabyat ghetli' means took possession/acquired.

जमिनीच्या कागदपत्रांची तपासणी करा.

Verify the land documents.

'Kagadpatra' means documents.

जमीन ही केवळ संपत्ती नसून ती आपली ओळख आहे.

Land is not just property; it is our identity.

Metaphorical use of 'jamīn'.

जमिनीची धूप रोखण्यासाठी झाडे लावणे गरजेचे आहे.

It is necessary to plant trees to prevent soil erosion.

'Jamīnīchi dhup' is soil erosion.

न्यायालयाने जमिनीचा निकाल शेतकऱ्याच्या बाजूने दिला.

The court gave the land verdict in favor of the farmer.

'Nikal' means verdict/judgment.

शहराच्या वाढीमुळे शेतीची जमीन कमी होत आहे.

Agricultural land is decreasing due to urban growth.

'Sheti-chi jamīn' is agricultural land.

त्याचा पाय अजूनही जमिनीवरच आहे.

He is still very down-to-earth (humble).

Idiom: 'Pay jamīnīvar asne'.

जमिनीतील ओलावा टिकवून ठेवणे महत्त्वाचे आहे.

It is important to maintain the moisture in the soil.

'Olava' means moisture.

हा प्रकल्प राबवण्यासाठी योग्य जमीन उपलब्ध नाही.

Suitable land is not available to implement this project.

'Upalabdha' means available.

जमिनीचे फेरफार उतारे ऑनलाईन मिळतात.

Land mutation records are available online.

'Ferfar utare' refers to land title changes.

लेखकाने ग्रामीण जीवनातील जमिनीशी असलेले नाते उलगडले आहे.

The author has unfolded the relationship with the land in rural life.

'Ulagadle' means unfolded/revealed.

राजकीय अस्थिरतेमुळे देशाच्या पायाखालची जमीन सरकली आहे.

The ground beneath the country's feet has shifted due to political instability.

Metaphor: 'Payakhalchi jamīn sarakne' (losing ground/stability).

जमिनीच्या वादातून अनेक पिढ्या उद्ध्वस्त झाल्या.

Many generations were destroyed by land disputes.

'Uddhvasta' means destroyed.

संशोधकांनी जमिनीखालील पुरातन अवशेषांचा शोध लावला.

Researchers discovered ancient remains beneath the ground.

'Puratan avshesh' means ancient remains.

जमीन सुधारणा कायद्यामुळे कसत असलेल्या शेतकऱ्याला हक्क मिळाला.

The Land Reform Act gave rights to the farmer who was tilling it.

'Jamīn sudharna kayda' is Land Reform Act.

त्याच्या बोलण्याला वास्तवाची कोणतीही जमीन नव्हती.

His talk had no grounding in reality.

Using 'jamīn' as 'grounding/basis'.

पडीक जमीन लागवडीखाली आणणे हे मोठे आव्हान आहे.

Bringing fallow land under cultivation is a major challenge.

'Padik' means fallow/waste land.

जमिनीच्या मालकीवरून समाजात विषमतेची दरी निर्माण झाली.

A gulf of inequality was created in society over land ownership.

'Vishmata' means inequality.

या कवितेत जमीन ही मानवी अस्तित्वाचे प्रतीक म्हणून येते.

In this poem, land appears as a symbol of human existence.

'Pratik' means symbol.

जमिनीच्या गर्भातील हालचालींमुळे भूकंप होतो.

Earthquakes occur due to movements in the womb of the earth.

'Garbha' means womb/interior.

त्याच्या तत्त्वज्ञानाला अनुभवाची समृद्ध जमीन लाभली आहे.

His philosophy has been blessed with a rich ground of experience.

Highly metaphorical use of 'rich ground'.

जमीनदोस्त झालेल्या साम्राज्यांच्या कथा इतिहास सांगतो.

History tells the stories of empires that were razed to the ground.

'Jamīndosta' means razed/leveled to the ground.

या जमिनीच्या कणाकणात आमच्या पूर्वजांचे रक्त सांडलेले आहे.

The blood of our ancestors is spilled in every particle of this land.

'Kanaknat' means in every particle.

जमिनीचे आरोग्य बिघडल्याने मानवी साखळीवर परिणाम होत आहे.

The worsening health of the soil is affecting the human food chain.

'Manavi sakhli' is human chain/food chain.

तिने स्वतःच्या कष्टाने ही वैराण जमीन नंदनवन केली.

She turned this barren land into a paradise through her own hard work.

'Nandanvan' means paradise/heavenly garden.

जमिनीच्या सीमेवरून होणारे युद्ध हे मानवी लोभाचे दर्शन घडवते.

Wars fought over land borders reveal human greed.

'Lobh' means greed.

Häufige Kollokationen

सुपीक जमीन

पडीक जमीन

जमीन खरेदी

जमीन मोजणी

जमीन महसूल

जमिनीचा तुकडा

काळी जमीन

जमिनीवर लोळणे

जमीन विकसित करणे

जमीन कसणे

Häufige Phrasen

जमिनीवर येणे

जमीन अस्मान एक करणे

जमिनीचा वाद

जमिनीवर बसणे

जमीन स्वच्छ करणे

जमिनीचा पोत

जमिनीखाली गाडणे

सरकारी जमीन

जमिनीची किंमत

जमिनीचा सातबारा

Wird oft verwechselt mit

जमीन vs फरशी (Farshi)

Farshi refers specifically to a tile or a tiled floor. Jamīn is the ground or floor in general.

जमीन vs माती (Maati)

Maati means mud or soil. Jamīn is the land or the surface.

जमीन vs देश (Desh)

Desh means country. Sometimes people use 'land' in English to mean country, but in Marathi, use 'Desh'.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"जमीन अस्मानचा फरक"

A huge difference between two things.

त्याच्या बोलण्यात आणि वागण्यात जमीन अस्मानचा फरक आहे.

Common

"पायाखालची जमीन सरकणे"

To be extremely shocked or lose one's sense of security.

अपघाताची बातमी ऐकताच त्याच्या पायाखालची जमीन सरकली.

Dramatic

"जमीनदोस्त करणे"

To completely destroy or raze something to the ground.

आक्रमकांनी पूर्ण शहर जमीनदोस्त केले.

Formal

"पाय जमिनीवर असणे"

To be humble and realistic despite success.

एवढा मोठा माणूस झाला तरी त्याचे पाय जमिनीवरच आहेत.

Praising

"जमीन धरणे"

To be bedridden or to fall flat on the ground.

आजारापणामुळे त्याने जमीन धरली आहे.

Colloquial

"जमिनीला पाठ लागणे"

To take a rest or sleep (literally: back touching the floor).

दिवसभर काम केल्यावर त्याची जमिनीला पाठ लागली.

Rural

"जमीन सुपीक असणे"

Metaphorically: To have a favorable situation for growth.

नवीन व्यवसायासाठी सध्याची जमीन सुपीक आहे.

Metaphorical

"जमिनीला मिळणे"

To be ruined or to meet one's end.

त्याचा सर्व गर्व जमिनीला मिळाला.

Literary

"जमिनीचा कायापालट करणे"

To completely transform a piece of land or a situation.

शेतकऱ्याने आपल्या कष्टाने जमिनीचा कायापालट केला.

Formal

"जमिनीवर राहणे"

To stay grounded and not be arrogant.

कितीही श्रीमंत झाला तरी जमिनीवर राहावे.

Moralistic

Leicht verwechselbar

जमीन vs जमीन (Jamīn)

Means floor/ground/land.

General term for any surface or plot.

जमिनीवर बसा.

जमीन vs भूमी (Bhūmī)

Synonym for land.

More formal and often refers to territory or 'Mother Earth'.

ही वीरांची भूमी आहे.

जमीन vs क्षेत्र (Kshetra)

Refers to a field or area.

Used for measurement or specific fields of study/work.

या जमिनीचे क्षेत्र किती आहे?

जमीन vs मृदा (Mrudā)

Means soil.

Scientific term focusing on the material of the earth.

काळी मृदा कपाशीसाठी चांगली असते.

जमीन vs पीठ (Pīṭh)

Sounds like 'Pit' in English, which relates to ground.

Actually means 'flour' in Marathi. Totally unrelated.

गव्हाचे पीठ.

Satzmuster

[Subject] जमिनीवर आहे.

चेंडू जमिनीवर आहे.

ही जमीन [Adjective] आहे.

ही जमीन सुपीक आहे.

[Person] कडे [Quantity] जमीन आहे.

माझ्याकडे पाच एकर जमीन आहे.

जमिनीच्या [Noun] मुळे [Result].

जमिनीच्या वादामुळे भांडण झाले.

जमिनीशी [Noun] असणे.

त्याचे जमिनीशी घट्ट नाते आहे.

जमिनीच्या गर्भातून [Verb].

जमिनीच्या गर्भातून लाव्हा बाहेर आला.

All

जमीन [Verb].

जमीन पुसा.

All

जमिनीखाली [Subject] आहे.

जमिनीखाली सोने आहे.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

Verben

Adjektive

Verwandt

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frequency

Extremely high. It is a top 500 word in Marathi.

Häufige Fehler

Using 'To jamīn' (Masculine) → Ti jamīn (Feminine)
'Jamīn' is a feminine noun. All modifiers must match this gender.
Saying 'Jamīn-var' → Jamīnī-var
Nouns ending in consonants often take an 'i' in the oblique form in Marathi.
Using 'Jamīn' for the whole planet Earth. → Pruthvī
'Jamīn' refers to the surface or land, not the astronomical body.
Confusing 'Jamīn' with 'Maati' in a construction context. → Jamīn (for the plot), Maati (for the soil material).
You build on 'jamīn', but you use 'maati' or 'retī' (sand) as material.
Using 'Bhūmī' in a very casual domestic setting. → Jamīn
'Bhūmī' is too formal for telling someone to clean the floor.

Tipps

Gender Consistency

Always pair 'jamīn' with feminine adjectives like 'mothi' (big), 'choti' (small), or 'oli' (wet).

Use for Floor

Don't overthink the word for 'floor'. 'Jamīn' works for the ground outside and the floor inside.

Soft J

Ensure the 'J' in 'Jamīn' is soft like 'Joy', not buzzy like 'Zoo'.

Respect the Land

In rural contexts, talking about land is talking about family heritage. Be polite.

Oblique Form

Remember the 'i' in 'jamīnī-' before any suffix. It's a common writing mistake to omit it.

Grounded Person

To call someone humble, say 'त्याचे पाय जमिनीवर आहेत' (His feet are on the ground).

Legal Terms

If you see 'जमीन' in a newspaper, it's likely about property prices or government projects.

Fluency Hack

Use 'jamīn-asmancha farak' when comparing things; it makes you sound very fluent.

Suffix Clues

The suffix tells you the relationship. '-var' is 'on', '-khali' is 'under', '-cha' is 'of'.

Visual Link

Imagine a 'Gem' (sounds like Jam) buried in the 'Jamīn'.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Jam' and 'In'. If you drop your 'Jam' it goes 'In' to the 'Jamīn' (ground).

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize a farmer holding a handful of dark soil or a clean tiled floor in a house.

Word Web

Floor Land Ground Soil Property Agriculture Earth Surface

Herausforderung

Try to use 'jamīn' in three different ways today: once for the floor of your room, once for the ground outside, and once to describe a piece of property.

Wortherkunft

Borrowed from Persian 'zamīn' (زمین). It entered Marathi through the influence of Persian in administration and law during the medieval period.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: Earth, ground, land, soil.

Indo-Iranian (Persian) to Indo-Aryan (Marathi).

Kultureller Kontext

Be respectful when discussing land ownership in rural areas as it is a highly sensitive and emotional topic.

English speakers often distinguish between 'floor' (indoor) and 'ground' (outdoor). Marathi uses 'jamīn' for both, which can feel less specific but is very common.

The movie 'Jait Re Jait' depicts the connection to the land. The song 'Dhartiichi Meherbaani' praises the land. Litterateur V.V. Shirwadkar's poems often evoke the earth/land.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Cleaning the house

जमीन पुसणे
जमीन झाडणे
जमीन स्वच्छ करणे
जमिनीवर पाणी सांडणे

Farming

जमीन नांगरणे
जमीन तयार करणे
सुपीक जमीन
जमिनीला खत घालणे

Real Estate

जमीन विकणे
जमीन विकत घेणे
जमिनीचे दर
बिगरशेती जमीन

Sitting/Eating

जमिनीवर बसणे
जमिनीवर जेवणे
जमिनीवर झोपणे
जमिनीवर बसू नको

Geography/Nature

जमिनीची धूप
जमिनीखालील पाणी
डोंगाळ जमीन
सपाट जमीन

Gesprächseinstiege

"तुमच्याकडे काही शेतजमीन आहे का? (Do you have any farmland?)"

"येथे जमिनीचे भाव काय आहेत? (What are the land rates here?)"

"जमिनीवर बसून जेवायला तुम्हाला आवडते का? (Do you like eating while sitting on the floor?)"

"या जमिनीवर आपण काय लावू शकतो? (What can we plant on this land?)"

"तुमच्या घरची जमीन कशाची बनलेली आहे? (What is your house floor made of?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

आज मी जमिनीवर बसून ध्यान केले. मला कसे वाटले? (Today I meditated sitting on the ground. How did I feel?)

माझ्या स्वप्नातील जमिनीचे वर्णन करा. (Describe the land/property of my dreams.)

जमिनीचे प्रदूषण रोखण्यासाठी मी काय करू शकतो? (What can I do to prevent land pollution?)

माझ्या कुटुंबाची जमीन आणि आमचा इतिहास. (My family's land and our history.)

शहरात राहताना जमिनीशी असलेला संपर्क कसा कमी झाला आहे? (How has contact with the ground decreased while living in the city?)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

It is feminine. You should always use 'ती' (Ti) with it. For example, 'ती जमीन माझी आहे' (That land is mine).

Yes, absolutely. Even if it is a 10th-floor apartment, the floor you walk on is called 'jamīn' or 'farshi'.

'Jamīn' is the land or surface, while 'maati' is the actual mud or soil. You buy 'jamīn', but you get 'maati' on your hands.

You say 'जमिनीवर' (jamīnī-var). The 'i' sound is added to the base word.

Yes, the plural is 'जमिनी' (jamīnī). It is used when referring to multiple plots of land.

It is the official land record document in Maharashtra. It's essentially the 'ID card' of a piece of 'jamīn'.

No, for the planet Earth, we use 'पृथ्वी' (Pruthvī). 'Jamīn' is just the surface or land.

It means a huge difference. Literally 'a difference as big as between the ground and the sky'.

It is a loanword from Persian that has been part of Marathi for centuries and is now considered native for all practical purposes.

You say 'सुपीक जमीन' (supeek jamīn).

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