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A2 noun #1,600 am häufigsten 8 Min. Lesezeit

数目

shumu Top 1,600

At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to navigate the Chinese language. While '数目' (shù mù) is officially an A2 word, A1 learners might encounter it when learning basic counting and numbers. At this stage, the focus is heavily on the numbers themselves (一, 二, 三, etc.) and basic measure words (个, 本). However, introducing '数目' early on helps learners understand that there is a specific word for 'amount' or 'number of things'. An A1 learner might not use '数目' actively in complex sentences but should be able to recognize it when a teacher says '看这个数目' (look at this number/amount). The concept of quantifying things is fundamental, and knowing that '数目' represents the total count provides a stepping stone for future, more complex sentence structures. It shifts the learner's perspective from merely counting individual items to grasping the concept of a collective quantity, which is essential for basic transactions like shopping or asking 'how many' in a slightly more formal way than just using '多少' (duō shao).

For an A2 learner, '数目' becomes an active part of their vocabulary. At this stage, learners are constructing more descriptive sentences and engaging in daily life conversations. '数目' is crucial for discussing prices, quantities of goods, and basic statistics. An A2 learner should confidently use phrases like '数目很大' (the amount is large) or '数目不对' (the amount is incorrect). They learn to differentiate between asking '多少钱' (how much money) and discussing the '数目' (the amount) in a broader sense. This word allows A2 students to express themselves more precisely when dealing with numbers in contexts like shopping, scheduling, or describing groups of people. It also introduces them to the important grammatical rule that in Chinese, amounts are described as '大' (big) or '小' (small), rather than '多' (many) or '少' (few) when using the noun '数目'. This subtle shift in adjective usage is a hallmark of progressing through the A2 level.

At the B1 level, the usage of '数目' expands significantly into more abstract and professional contexts. Learners are now capable of discussing topics like population changes, financial budgets, and statistical data. '数目' is frequently paired with verbs indicating change, such as '增加' (increase), '减少' (decrease), and '达到' (reach). A B1 learner can comfortably construct sentences like '今年游客的数目增加了' (The number of tourists increased this year). Furthermore, they begin to distinguish '数目' from its synonyms like '数量' (quantity) and '数字' (numeral), understanding that '数目' is best suited for countable items and specific totals. The ability to use '数目' in conjunction with formal verbs and within compound sentences demonstrates a solid intermediate grasp of Chinese syntax, allowing for more nuanced and accurate communication in both spoken and written forms, particularly in semi-formal settings like classroom presentations or basic business emails.

B2 learners utilize '数目' with a high degree of fluency and accuracy, integrating it seamlessly into complex discussions and debates. At this upper-intermediate level, learners encounter '数目' in authentic materials such as news articles, opinion pieces, and literature. They understand its collocations deeply, using advanced adjectives like '庞大' (enormous), '惊人' (astonishing), or '确切' (exact) to modify it. A B2 student might say, '尽管面临挑战，但参与者的数目依然庞大' (Despite the challenges, the number of participants remains enormous). They also master the use of specific measure words with '数目', such as '一笔数目' when referring to sums of money in financial contexts. The distinction between '数目', '数量', and '数额' is clear to them, and they can choose the precise word based on the context—whether discussing abstract data, physical inventory, or financial quotas. '数目' becomes a tool for precise articulation in professional and academic discourse.

At the C1 advanced level, '数目' is used effortlessly as part of a sophisticated vocabulary repertoire. Learners at this stage manipulate the word within complex grammatical structures, idiomatic expressions, and nuanced rhetorical contexts. They can read and analyze dense statistical reports, economic forecasts, and academic papers where '数目' is a recurring term. A C1 learner understands the subtle implications of the word; for example, how emphasizing a '数目' can be used persuasively in an argument to highlight scale or impact. They might employ structures like '其数目之大令人咋舌' (Its sheer number is staggering). Furthermore, they are adept at using '数目' in abstract or metaphorical contexts, moving beyond simple physical counting to discussing trends, probabilities, and systemic changes. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item to be translated, but a conceptual tool used to navigate and articulate complex, high-level information in native-like Chinese.

For a C2 learner, representing near-native proficiency, '数目' is fully integrated into their linguistic intuition. They use it with the exact precision, register, and cultural nuance of an educated native speaker. At this mastery level, the focus is not on the definition of '数目', but on its stylistic application in various genres of writing and speech—from formal bureaucratic documents to literary prose. A C2 speaker knows exactly when '数目' sounds more elegant or appropriate than its synonyms, using it to balance sentence rhythm or adhere to specific stylistic conventions. They can effortlessly parse historical or classical texts where the constituent characters '数' and '目' might carry slightly different weights, and they understand the evolution of the term in modern Chinese. In spontaneous, high-stakes communication—such as academic defenses, high-level negotiations, or public speaking—they deploy '数目' flawlessly to convey precise quantitative data while maintaining a sophisticated and authoritative tone.

Jetzt üben Beispiele Notizen & Tipps

数目 in 30 Sekunden

Means 'number' or 'amount'.
Used for countable items.
Modified by 大 (big) or 小 (small).
Often used with money (一笔数目).

The Chinese word '数目' (shù mù) is a fundamental noun in the language, primarily translating to 'number' or 'amount'. It is categorized at the CEFR A2 level, indicating that it is an essential vocabulary item for elementary to pre-intermediate learners. Understanding '数目' requires a deep dive into its constituent characters. The first character, '数' (shù), means 'number' or 'to count', while the second character, '目' (mù), originally means 'eye' but by extension refers to 'items', 'categories', or 'a catalog'. When combined, '数目' refers to the specific count or quantity of items within a given context. This word is incredibly versatile and is used in a wide array of daily situations, from discussing the number of students in a classroom to the amount of money in a bank account. To fully grasp its usage, learners must understand that '数目' is typically used with countable nouns. For example, you can talk about the '数目' of books, people, or cars. It is less commonly used with uncountable, abstract concepts where words like '数量' (shù liàng) might be more appropriate, although there is significant overlap in everyday speech.

Etymology: The combination of 'count' and 'item' perfectly encapsulates the meaning of a specific quantified amount.

参加会议的人员数目很多。

When you are reading Chinese texts, you will frequently encounter '数目' in statistical reports, news articles, and financial documents. It provides a precise way to refer to a figure without necessarily stating the exact number immediately.

Usage Context: Primarily used in formal and semi-formal contexts to denote a specific quantity.

这笔钱的数目不小。

Furthermore, '数目' can be modified by adjectives such as '大' (dà - large), '小' (xiǎo - small), '巨大' (jù dà - huge), and '确切' (què qiè - exact).

我们需要一个确切的数目。

In conversational Chinese, asking about a '数目' is a direct way to inquire about quantities.

Grammar Note: It functions strictly as a noun and cannot be used as a verb.

你核对过这些数目了吗？

游客的数目在不断增加。

Mastering '数目' is a significant step for A2 learners as it bridges the gap between simple counting (一, 二, 三) and more complex discussions about statistics, populations, and financial figures. It is a cornerstone vocabulary word that will repeatedly appear throughout your Chinese learning journey, making it essential to understand its nuances, collocations, and appropriate contexts thoroughly.

Using '数目' correctly involves understanding its syntactic role in a sentence and the types of words it commonly pairs with. As a noun, '数目' can serve as the subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase. One of the most common ways to use '数目' is to describe the size of an amount. You will frequently hear phrases like '数目很大' (the amount is large) or '数目很小' (the amount is small). It is crucial to note that in Chinese, we use '大' (big) and '小' (small) to describe '数目', rather than '多' (many) or '少' (few), which is a common mistake for English speakers who might literally translate 'many numbers'.

Adjective Collocation: Always use 大 (large) or 小 (small) to describe the size of a 数目, not 多 or 少.

这个数目太大了，我付不起。

Another critical usage is with verbs that indicate a change in quantity. Words like '增加' (zēng jiā - to increase), '减少' (jiǎn shǎo - to decrease), '达到' (dá dào - to reach), and '超过' (chāo guò - to exceed) are perfect partners for '数目'.

Verb Collocation: Verbs of change and measurement frequently precede or follow 数目.

今年学生的数目增加了。

他捐了一大笔数目的钱。

You will also use '数目' when verifying or calculating. Verbs like '计算' (jì suàn - to calculate), '核对' (hé duì - to verify/check), and '统计' (tǒng jì - to compile statistics) are heavily associated with this noun.

Action Verbs: Use these verbs when the action involves interacting with data or numbers.

请仔细核对这些数目。

具体的数目是多少？

Understanding these structural patterns allows learners to construct complex, native-sounding sentences. Instead of just saying '有很多钱' (have a lot of money), an A2/B1 learner can elevate their speech by saying '钱的数目很大' (the amount of money is large). This demonstrates a firmer grasp of Chinese syntax and vocabulary depth, paving the way for more academic and professional communication.

The word '数目' is ubiquitous in both spoken and written Chinese, appearing across a wide spectrum of contexts. You will frequently encounter it in news broadcasts, especially those covering economics, demographics, or public health. For instance, when a news anchor discusses the population of a city, the number of new businesses, or the statistics of a recent event, '数目' is the go-to term.

News & Media: A standard term for reporting statistics and figures in journalism.

感染者的数目正在下降。

In the workplace, particularly in finance, accounting, and inventory management, '数目' is indispensable. Employees use it when discussing budgets, stock levels, and sales figures.

Business Context: Essential for discussing financial amounts and inventory counts.

库存的数目不对。

In everyday life, you might hear it when shopping, especially if buying in bulk, or when discussing personal finances.

你需要购买的数目是多少？

Daily Life: Used when planning events, buying items, or managing personal budgets.

这笔费用的数目超出了预算。

实验样本的数目必须足够。

From the classroom to the boardroom, and from the news desk to the local market, '数目' provides a formal yet highly accessible way to quantify the world. Its widespread use makes it a high-frequency word that learners will naturally absorb through regular exposure to authentic Chinese materials, podcasts, and conversations.

When learning '数目', students often encounter a few specific pitfalls, primarily due to direct translation from their native languages. The most prevalent mistake is using the wrong adjectives to describe '数目'. In English, we might say 'a high number' or 'a low number', but in Chinese, we do not say '高的数目' (gāo de shù mù) or '低的数目' (dī de shù mù). Instead, we must use '大' (dà - big) and '小' (xiǎo - small).

Adjective Error: Never use 高/低 or 多/少 to describe the size of a 数目 directly.

错误：数目很多。正确：数目很大。

Another frequent error is confusing '数目' with '数字' (shù zì). While both relate to numbers, '数字' refers to the actual numerals or digits (like 1, 2, 3), whereas '数目' refers to the quantity or amount of something.

Vocabulary Confusion: 数字 = digit/numeral; 数目 = amount/quantity.

请写下这个数目。（Not 数字 if you mean the total amount）

Students also sometimes misuse measure words with '数目'. When referring to a sum of money, the correct measure word is '笔' (bǐ), forming '一笔数目'. Using '个' (gè) here sounds unnatural.

Measure Word Error: Use 笔 for sums of money, not 个.

这是一笔庞大的数目。

我们不知道确切的数目。

数目不符。

By paying attention to these specific collocations and avoiding direct translations from English, learners can use '数目' with native-like accuracy, enhancing both their written and spoken Chinese proficiency.

The Chinese language is rich in vocabulary related to quantities, and '数目' has several synonyms that are used in slightly different contexts. Understanding these nuances is key to advancing from an intermediate to an advanced level. The most common similar word is '数量' (shù liàng), which translates to 'quantity'. While '数目' is often used for countable, discrete items (like people, books, or money), '数量' is broader and can be used for both countable items and uncountable mass nouns (like water, time, or energy).

数目 vs 数量: 数目 implies a specific count; 数量 implies a general quantity or volume.

产品的数量很多，但具体数目还不清楚。

Another related term is '数额' (shù é), which specifically refers to a specified amount or quota, almost exclusively used in financial or formal business contexts, such as a loan amount or a tax quota.

数目 vs 数额: 数额 is strictly for money or formal quotas; 数目 is more general.

贷款的数额等于他要求的数目。

We also have '数字' (shù zì), which, as mentioned earlier, refers to the numerals themselves (0-9) or digital technology (e.g., 数字电视 - digital TV).

数目 vs 数字: 数字 refers to the written character or concept of a digit.

阿拉伯数字不能代表这个庞大的数目。

请确认一下数目。

这个数目是准确的。

By distinguishing between these similar words, learners can express themselves with greater precision, ensuring that their vocabulary choices perfectly match the context, whether they are writing an academic paper, conducting business, or simply chatting with friends.

How Formal Is It?

Formell

Informell

Umgangssprache

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

Beispiele nach Niveau

这是一个数目。

This is an amount.

Basic Subject-Verb-Object structure.

数目是一百。

The number is one hundred.

Using 是 to link noun and number.

我看这个数目。

I look at this amount.

Basic action verb with object.

数目对吗？

Is the amount correct?

Yes/no question using 吗.

数目不对。

The amount is incorrect.

Negative sentence using 不.

写下数目。

Write down the amount.

Imperative sentence.

大数目。

Large amount.

Adjective + Noun phrase.

小数目。

Small amount.

Adjective + Noun phrase.

这个数目很大。

This amount is very large.

Using 很 with adjective 大.

请告诉我具体的数目。

Please tell me the specific amount.

Using 具体的 to modify 数目.

钱的数目不对。

The amount of money is wrong.

Noun + 的 + 数目.

你知道学生的数目吗？

Do you know the number of students?

Question about a specific group's number.

数目在增加。

The number is increasing.

Subject + verb indicating change.

我们需要核对数目。

We need to check the amount.

Using modal verb 需要.

那是一笔小数目。

That is a small amount (of money).

Using measure word 笔.

数目是多少？

What is the amount?

Question word 多少 used with 是.

今年游客的数目比去年多。

The number of tourists this year is higher than last year.

Comparison using 比.

我们必须准确计算出损失的数目。

We must accurately calculate the amount of the loss.

Adverb 准确 modifying verb 计算.

这笔钱的数目超出了我们的预算。

The amount of this money exceeded our budget.

Verb 超出 taking object 预算.

虽然数目不大，但意义深远。

Although the amount is not large, the significance is profound.

Conjunction 虽然...但...

统计结果显示，失业人员的数目正在下降。

Statistical results show that the number of unemployed people is decreasing.

Formal sentence structure with 显示.

请把具体的数目填在表格里。

Please fill the specific amount in the form.

把 structure for manipulating an object.

他拒绝透露捐款的真实数目。

He refused to disclose the true amount of the donation.

Complex sentence with multiple verbs.

这个数目刚好够我们买两张票。

This amount is exactly enough for us to buy two tickets.

Adverb 刚好 modifying 够.

鉴于数目庞大，我们需要更多时间来处理。

Given the huge amount, we need more time to process it.

Formal preposition 鉴于.

该报告详细列出了各项支出的具体数目。

The report detailed the specific amounts of various expenses.

Formal vocabulary 列出 and 各项.

令人惊讶的是，赞成者的数目远超反对者。

Surprisingly, the number of supporters far exceeded the opponents.

Phrase 令人惊讶的是.

这不仅仅是一个数目，它代表了无数家庭的希望。

This is not just a number; it represents the hope of countless families.

Not just A, but B structure (不仅仅...它...).

由于通货膨胀，这个数目已经失去了原有的购买力。

Due to inflation, this amount has lost its original purchasing power.

Cause and effect with 由于.

在核对账目时，他发现了一个数目上的漏洞。

While checking the accounts, he found a loophole in the numbers.

Time clause with 在...时.

无论数目多少，每一份贡献都是宝贵的。

No matter the amount, every contribution is valuable.

Conditional structure 无论...都...

确切的数目仍在统计中，预计明天公布。

The exact number is still being compiled and is expected to be announced tomorrow.

Passive meaning with 在...中.

面对如此庞大的数目，任何微小的误差都会导致灾难性的后果。

Faced with such a massive number, any minor error could lead to disastrous consequences.

Advanced conditional and descriptive language.

该企业隐瞒了真实的盈利数目，企图逃避巨额税收。

The enterprise concealed the true profit amount in an attempt to evade huge taxes.

Formal legal/business terminology.

文献中记载的伤亡数目往往带有主观色彩，需谨慎考证。

The casualty numbers recorded in the literature often carry subjective tones and require careful verification.

Academic phrasing and vocabulary.

这笔数目之巨，足以撼动整个行业的经济命脉。

The sheer size of this amount is enough to shake the economic lifeblood of the entire industry.

Classical Chinese influence (之巨).

在宏观经济调控中，不能仅仅盯着表面的数目，更要看清背后的结构性问题。

In macroeconomic regulation, one must not only stare at superficial numbers but also clearly see the underlying structural issues.

Complex comparative structure (不能仅仅...更要...).

他以惊人的记忆力，将那些繁杂的数目倒背如流。

With astonishing memory, he recited those complex numbers backwards fluently.

Use of idiom 倒背如流.

所谓的大数据，其核心价值不在于数目的堆砌，而在于深度的挖掘。

The core value of so-called big data lies not in the accumulation of numbers, but in deep mining.

Philosophical/analytical structure (不在于...而在于...).

这笔数目的去向成了一个解不开的谜团，引发了广泛的社会关注。

The whereabouts of this amount became an unsolvable mystery, triggering widespread social attention.

Narrative and journalistic style.

历史的沧桑往往隐藏在那些看似枯燥的数目字里行间。

The vicissitudes of history are often hidden between the lines of those seemingly dry numbers.

Highly literary and poetic phrasing.

对于这笔天文数目般的赤字，政府的应对显得捉襟见肘。

Faced with this astronomical deficit, the government's response appears severely constrained.

Use of advanced idiom 捉襟见肘.

在浩瀚的宇宙尺度下，人类所能感知的数目不过是沧海一粟。

On the vast scale of the universe, the numbers humans can perceive are but a drop in the ocean.

Philosophical context with idiom 沧海一粟.

他试图用精确的数目来量化那种难以名状的悲伤，最终却徒劳无功。

He tried to quantify that indescribable sorrow with precise numbers, but ultimately it was in vain.

Complex emotional and abstract description.

这笔数目的拨付，犹如久旱逢甘霖，解了该项目的燃眉之急。

The allocation of this amount was like sweet rain after a long drought, solving the project's urgent crisis.

Use of multiple classical idioms (久旱逢甘霖, 燃眉之急).

资本的逐利性使得他们对任何能带来几何级数增长的数目都趋之若鹜。

The profit-seeking nature of capital makes them flock to any number that can bring geometric growth.

Advanced economic terminology and idiom 趋之若鹜.

与其纠结于账面上微小的数目出入，不如放眼全局，把握战略方向。

Rather than getting entangled in minor discrepancies in the accounts, it is better to look at the big picture and grasp the strategic direction.

Comparative structure 与其...不如...

那些被历史尘封的数目，一旦被重新解读，便能颠覆我们对整个时代的认知。

Those numbers sealed by the dust of history, once reinterpreted, can subvert our understanding of an entire era.

Evocative and profound historical analysis.

Häufige Kollokationen

数目庞大

数目惊人

具体数目

确切数目

核对数目

计算数目

增加数目

减少数目

一笔数目

数目不符

Häufige Phrasen

数目很大

数目不对

数目是多少

具体的数目

核对一下数目

一笔小数目

数目在增加

庞大的数目

数目不清

凑足数目

Wird oft verwechselt mit

数目 vs 数量 (quantity - broader, includes uncountable)

数目 vs 数字 (numeral/digit - the symbol itself)

数目 vs 数额 (quota/amount - strictly formal/financial)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

Leicht verwechselbar

数目 vs

Satzmuster

So verwendest du es

formality

It is neutral in formality, fitting perfectly in both casual conversation and formal reports.

countable vs uncountable

While primarily for countable items, it is often used colloquially for money (which is technically uncountable in English but treated as a quantifiable sum in Chinese).

Häufige Fehler

Saying 数目很多 instead of 数目很大.
Using 个 instead of 笔 when talking about a sum of money (e.g., 一个数目 vs 一笔数目).
Confusing 数目 with 数字 when asking someone to write down an amount.
Using 数目 for uncountable nouns like water or air (should use 数量).
Trying to use 数目 as a verb to mean 'to count'.

Tipps

Adjective Rule

Always pair '数目' with 大 (big) or 小 (small). Never use 多 (many) or 少 (few).

Money Matters

Memorize the phrase '一笔数目' (a sum of money). It is extremely common in daily life.

Checking Things

Use '核对数目' when you want someone to check if the numbers or amounts are correct.

数目 vs 数字

Remember: 数字 is the digit (like '8'), 数目 is the amount (like '8 apples').

News Context

When listening to the news, '数目' is almost always followed by a statistic or data point.

Formal Writing

In essays, use '庞大的数目' instead of '很大的数目' to sound more advanced.

Asking Questions

'具体的数目是多少？' is the most natural way to ask for an exact figure.

Lucky Amounts

When giving a red envelope, the '数目' should ideally end in an even number, preferably 8.

Verbs of Change

Practice using '数目' with 增加 (increase) and 减少 (decrease) to describe trends.

Character Breakdown

数 (count) + 目 (item) = the count of items (amount).

Einprägen

Wortherkunft

数 originally depicted counting knots or tally marks. 目 originally depicted an eye, but evolved to mean an item in a list or catalog (like a table of contents, 目录). Together, they form the concept of a counted item or specific amount.

Kultureller Kontext

8 (wealth), 6 (smoothness), 9 (longevity).

The '数目' in a red envelope must be carefully considered based on the relationship and occasion.

4 (sounds like death).

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"你觉得这个数目合理吗？ (Do you think this amount is reasonable?)"

"你能帮我核对一下这些数目吗？ (Can you help me check these amounts?)"

"参加活动的人员数目确定了吗？ (Is the number of participants for the event confirmed?)"

"这笔钱的数目不对，我们得重新算。 (The amount of this money is wrong, we need to recalculate.)"

"你知道具体的数目是多少吗？ (Do you know what the specific amount is?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

Describe a time when a '数目' (amount of money or number of things) surprised you.

Write about how you manage your monthly budget and keep track of the '数目'.

Discuss the importance of exact '数目' in a specific profession (e.g., accounting, science).

Write a short story where a missing '数目' causes a big problem.

Reflect on how the '数目' of your friends has changed over the years.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, this is a very common mistake. In Chinese, you must say '数目很大' (the amount is large). Using '多' (many) with '数目' sounds unnatural to native speakers.

'数目' usually refers to a specific count of distinct items or a sum of money. '数量' is a broader term for 'quantity' and can be used for uncountable things like water or energy, as well as countable things.

When referring to a sum of money, use '笔' (bǐ), as in '一笔数目'. For a general number of things, you often don't need a measure word directly before it, or you can use '个' in very casual speech, though it's less standard.

No, while it is very commonly used for sums of money ('一笔数目'), it is also widely used for the number of people, items, or any countable objects (e.g., '学生的数目').

You can say '数目是多少？' (shù mù shì duō shao?). This is a direct and natural way to ask for a specific figure or total.

No, '数目' is strictly a noun. If you want to say 'to count', you should use the verb '数' (shǔ) or '计算' (jì suàn).

Common verbs include 增加 (increase), 减少 (decrease), 核对 (verify/check), 计算 (calculate), and 达到 (reach).

It is a neutral word. It is perfectly acceptable in everyday casual conversation, but it is also standard enough to be used in formal news reports and business documents.

Generally, no. '数目' implies something that can be counted or quantified exactly. For abstract concepts like 'amount of love' or 'amount of time', other words are better.

It transitions learners from simply reciting numbers (1, 2, 3) to discussing the *concept* of quantities, which is essential for intermediate communication, shopping, and describing the world.