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B1 adjective #3,500 am häufigsten 11 Min. Lesezeit

急剧

jiju Top 3,500

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At the A1 level, '急剧' (jíjù) is a bit advanced, but you can think of it as a very strong version of '很快' (very fast). Imagine you are looking at a picture of a slide. If the slide is very steep and you go down very, very fast, that is like '急剧'. At this stage, you don't need to use it in your own speaking, but if you see it in a book, remember it means 'very fast change'. Usually, we use it with words like 'up' or 'down'. For example, if the price of an apple was 1 yuan yesterday and 10 yuan today, that is a '急剧' (sharp) rise. It is like a big surprise in numbers. Just remember: 急 (jí) means 'hurry/fast' and 剧 (jù) means 'big/dramatic'. When they are together, they describe a change that is so fast it makes you go 'Wow!' It's the opposite of '慢慢' (slowly).

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For A2 learners, '急剧' (jíjù) is a useful word to recognize when reading about the weather or simple news. It is an adjective that describes a change that happens very quickly and is very big. You might see it in a sentence like '天气急剧变冷' (The weather suddenly became very cold). This is more formal than saying '天气很快变冷了'. At this level, try to notice that '急剧' often comes before words that mean 'change', 'increase', or 'decrease'. It helps you describe things more precisely. Instead of just saying 'a lot', you are saying 'very fast and a lot'. It's like the difference between walking down a hill and falling off a cliff. '急剧' is for the cliff! Start by recognizing it in simple stories or news headlines about prices or the environment.

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At the B1 level, you should start using '急剧' (jíjù) in your writing, especially if you are practicing for exams like the HSK 3 or 4. This word is perfect for describing trends in graphs or discussing social changes. It means 'rapid' or 'sharp'. For example, if you are talking about how many people use smartphones, you can say '手机用户急剧增加' (Smartphone users increased sharply). This makes your Chinese sound much more professional. You should also know the common partners (collocations) for this word: '急剧上升' (rise sharply), '急剧下降' (fall sharply), and '急剧恶化' (worsen sharply). Remember that '急剧' is usually used for things you can measure, like money, people, temperature, or speed. It is a formal word, so it's great for essays but maybe too 'heavy' for a casual chat with a friend about your lunch.

At the B2 level, you need to master the nuance of '急剧' (jíjù) compared to other similar words like '剧烈' or '迅速'. While '迅速' just means fast, '急剧' implies a dramatic change in state or quantity that often has an impact. You should use it to describe economic shifts, environmental issues, or medical conditions. For example, '由于通货膨胀，货币贬值的速度急剧加快' (Due to inflation, the speed of currency devaluation has accelerated sharply). At this level, you should also be comfortable using it as an adjective with '的', such as '急剧的变化' (a drastic change). Pay attention to the 'tone' of the word; it often carries a sense of urgency or seriousness. If you are writing a persuasive essay, using '急剧' can help emphasize the importance of a problem you are describing, such as the '急剧减少' of natural resources.

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For C1 learners, '急剧' (jíjù) is a standard part of your academic and professional vocabulary. You should use it with precision to describe complex phenomena. It is particularly useful in 'IELTS Task 1' style descriptions where you need to vary your vocabulary for trends. You might explore more abstract uses, such as '急剧的社会转型' (rapid social transformation) or '竞争压力的急剧扩张' (sharp expansion of competitive pressure). At this level, you should be able to distinguish '急剧' from '骤然' (which emphasizes the sudden start) and '猛烈' (which emphasizes the physical force). Your usage should reflect an understanding of register—'急剧' is the preferred term in scientific reports, economic analyses, and high-level journalism. You should also be able to use it in complex sentence structures, such as '随着...的...，...呈现出急剧...的态势' (With the... of..., ... is showing a trend of sharp... ).

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At the C2 level, you should have a native-like command of '急剧' (jíjù), using it effortlessly in high-stakes professional environments. You understand that '急剧' is not just about speed, but about the 'steepness' of a developmental curve. You can use it to critique data or to describe subtle shifts in political climates, such as '国际局势的急剧动荡' (the sharp volatility of the international situation). You are also aware of its historical and literary weight, recognizing its presence in serious literature to describe the sudden downfall of characters or the rapid decay of societies. Your mastery includes knowing when *not* to use it—avoiding it in poetic or highly emotional contexts where words like '骤然' or '剧烈' might better capture the human experience. You can use it to build sophisticated arguments, contrasting '急剧的短期波动' (sharp short-term fluctuations) with '长期的平稳增长' (long-term steady growth) to show a deep grasp of both the language and the subject matter.

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急剧 in 30 Sekunden

Means 'rapid' or 'sharp' change.
Formal register; used in news and academic writing.
Commonly pairs with 'increase', 'decrease', or 'deteriorate'.
Essential for describing steep trends on graphs.

The Chinese term 急剧 (jíjù) is a powerful adjective and adverbial modifier that describes a change occurring with extreme speed and intensity. In the landscape of Chinese vocabulary, it stands as a pillar for formal descriptions of trends, data, and environmental shifts. When you encounter this word, think of a cliff-edge drop or a rocket launch—there is no gradual transition; the shift is immediate, palpable, and often carries significant consequences. It is composed of two characters: 急 (jí), meaning urgent or fast, and 剧 (jù), meaning dramatic or acute. Together, they form a word that is indispensable for academic writing, business reports, and news broadcasting.

Economic Context: In financial news, you will frequently hear about prices or stock indices undergoing a 急剧下跌 (rapid decline) or 急剧上升 (rapid rise). It implies that the market forces at play are strong and perhaps even volatile.
Environmental Science: Scientists use this term to describe the 急剧变化 (drastic changes) in global temperatures or the 急剧减少 (sharp reduction) of biodiversity, emphasizing the urgency of the situation.
Medical and Health: When a patient's condition worsens suddenly, doctors might describe it as 病情急剧恶化 (sudden deterioration of the condition), which signals a critical need for intervention.

由于市场竞争加剧，该公司的利润在过去三个月内急剧下降。 (Due to intensifying market competition, the company's profits have dropped sharply over the past three months.)

Understanding the nuance of 急剧 requires recognizing its formal register. While you might use '很快' (very fast) in a casual conversation about a runner, you would use 急剧 when discussing the rate of urban expansion or the depletion of natural resources. It carries an weight of authority and precision. It is also a favorite in IELTS Task 1 Chinese equivalents because it perfectly captures the 'steepness' of a line on a graph. Whether the trend is positive or negative, the 'sharpness' of the angle is what this word communicates most effectively.

气温的急剧波动让很多人感冒了。 (The sudden and sharp fluctuations in temperature caused many people to catch a cold.)

Furthermore, 急剧 is often paired with verbs of change. The most common pairings include 增加 (increase), 减少 (decrease), 上升 (rise), 下降 (fall), and 恶化 (worsen). If you are describing a change that is so fast it surprises the observer, 急剧 is your best choice. It conveys a sense of 'dramatic momentum' that other words like '迅速' (rapidly) lack. While '迅速' suggests speed, 急剧 suggests both speed and a significant degree of change.

在政策调整后，当地的失业率急剧回落。 (After the policy adjustment, the local unemployment rate fell sharply back.)

Mastering the use of 急剧 (jíjù) involves understanding its grammatical placement within a sentence. Usually, it functions as an adverbial adjunct, appearing directly before a verb to describe the manner of an action. However, it can also function as an attributive adjective when followed by the particle 的 (de), modifying a noun that represents a process or a trend. Let's explore the structural patterns that will make your Chinese sound more professional and precise.

Pattern 1: [Subject] + 急剧 + [Verb of Change]: This is the most common structure. The verb must be one that implies a directional change. For example: 人口急剧增长 (Population is growing rapidly). Here, '急剧' modifies '增长' to show the intensity of the growth.
Pattern 2: 急剧的 + [Noun of Change]: In this pattern, '急剧' acts as an adjective. For example: 急剧的转折 (A sharp turn/transition). This is used to describe the nature of a specific event or phase.
Pattern 3: [Verb] + 得 + 急剧: While less common than the first pattern, you may occasionally see '急剧' used as a complement of degree. For example: 变化得非常急剧 (Changing very drastically).

随着电子产品的普及，纸质书籍的需求量急剧萎缩。 (With the popularization of electronic products, the demand for paper books has shrunk drastically.)

When constructing these sentences, pay attention to the emotional weight. 急剧 often carries a sense of alarm or significant impact. If you say something is increasing '急剧', you are not just stating a fact; you are highlighting the scale of the change. This is why it is used so frequently in social criticism, economic analysis, and scientific warnings. For instance, '急剧恶化' (deteriorating sharply) sounds much more serious than '变差' (getting worse).

由于缺乏有效的监管，该地区的污染水平在短期内急剧上升。 (Due to the lack of effective supervision, the pollution levels in this area rose sharply in a short period.)

In academic writing, you can use 急剧 to introduce data points that deviate from the norm. It provides a linguistic 'highlighter' for your readers, pointing them toward the most significant parts of your analysis. For example, if you are analyzing a graph of sales data, using 急剧 to describe a peak or a trough adds a layer of professional interpretation to your description. It shows that you understand not just the direction of the change, but its magnitude and rate.

通过对比数据，我们可以发现该行业的竞争压力正处于急剧扩张阶段。 (By comparing the data, we can find that the competitive pressure in this industry is in a stage of rapid expansion.)

While 急剧 (急剧) might not be the word you use to ask for a coffee, you will hear it daily if you consume Chinese media, participate in business meetings, or study in a Chinese-speaking academic environment. Its frequency in formal discourse makes it a vital tool for any learner aiming for a high level of proficiency. Let's look at the specific domains where this word is the 'standard' choice.

Television News and Radio: News anchors often use '急剧' when reporting on weather disasters, international relations, or economic shifts. For instance, '两国关系急剧降温' (Relations between the two countries have cooled sharply). It provides a sense of gravity to the broadcast.
Corporate Boardrooms: In business presentations, '急剧' is used to describe market trends, cost increases, or user growth. Saying '我们的用户数量急剧增长' (Our user count grew sharply) sounds much more impressive and professional than using basic words.
Documentaries and Educational Content: When watching a documentary about history or science, you will hear this word to describe the fall of an empire or the rapid cooling of the earth. It helps paint a picture of dramatic transformation.

由于突降大雪，路面的能见度急剧降低，请司机朋友注意安全。 (Due to the sudden heavy snow, visibility on the road has sharply decreased; drivers, please be careful.)

In written Chinese, you will find 急剧 in editorials, research papers, and government reports. It is a 'high-yield' word for the HSK exams and the TOCFL, as it allows students to demonstrate a grasp of formal vocabulary. If you are reading a newspaper like the 'People's Daily' or 'Caixin', you will notice that 急剧 is the go-to word for describing any change that is not gradual. It bridges the gap between simple observation and professional analysis.

随着互联网技术的发展，传统媒体的广告收入正面临急剧下滑。 (With the development of internet technology, advertising revenue for traditional media is facing a sharp decline.)

Interestingly, even in some formal social settings, people use 急剧 to add emphasis to their opinions. If someone says '我的工作量急剧增加' (My workload increased sharply), they are expressing a level of stress that '增加了很多' (increased a lot) simply doesn't convey. It uses the language of data to express personal experience, making the statement feel more objective and undeniable. This versatility makes it a rewarding word to master.

最近几周，该城市的房价出现了急剧上涨的趋势。 (In recent weeks, housing prices in this city have shown a sharp upward trend.)

Even for intermediate learners, 急剧 (jíjù) can be tricky because of its specific constraints and formal nature. Using it incorrectly can make a sentence sound 'off' or overly dramatic in the wrong context. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid so you can use this word with the precision of a native speaker.

Mistake 1: Confusing it with '剧烈' (jùliè): While both words share the character '剧', 急剧 emphasizes speed and trend, whereas 剧烈 emphasizes intensity and vibration. You have a '剧烈' (violent) cough or '剧烈' (intense) exercise, but a '急剧' (sharp) drop in temperature. Don't say '急剧运动'—it's '剧烈运动'.
Mistake 2: Using it for static descriptions: Remember that 急剧 requires a process of change. You cannot say a building is '急剧' because it's tall. You can only use it if the building is '急剧倒塌' (collapsing rapidly) or if the construction speed is '急剧加快' (accelerating sharply).
Mistake 3: Overusing it in casual conversation: In a daily chat with friends, saying '我的饥饿感急剧增加' (My sense of hunger is increasing sharply) sounds like you are reading a medical report. Use '我很饿' or '我越来越饿了' instead. Save '急剧' for when you want to sound formal or analytical.

❌ 错误：他的心跳急剧有力。
✅ 正确：他的心跳剧烈有力。 (His heartbeat is intense and strong.)

Another mistake is pairing 急剧 with verbs that don't imply a measurable change. For example, you wouldn't say '急剧学习' (sharply study). However, you could say '学习压力急剧增加' (study pressure increased sharply). Always ask yourself: 'Is there a trend line that would go up or down very fast?' If the answer is yes, 急剧 is likely appropriate.

❌ 错误：他跑得非常急剧。
✅ 正确：他跑得非常快。 (He runs very fast.)

Finally, be careful with the direction of change. While 急剧 works for both up and down, ensure the verb you choose clearly indicates that direction. If you just say '急剧变化', it's vague. Using '急剧恶化' or '急剧好转' is much more descriptive and professional. In academic exams, specifying the direction of the '急剧' change is often the key to getting a higher score.

Chinese has a rich set of words to describe speed and intensity. To truly master 急剧 (jíjù), you must know how it compares to its synonyms. Choosing the right word depends on whether you want to emphasize the suddenness, the violence, or the sheer speed of the change. Let's break down the most common alternatives.

急剧 (jíjù) vs. 剧烈 (jùliè): 急剧 focuses on a rapid change in quantity or state (e.g., population growth). 剧烈 focuses on intensity, strength, or physical vibration (e.g., pain, movement, chemical reaction). You have '剧烈的阵痛' (intense pain) but '急剧的通货膨胀' (rapid inflation).
急剧 (jíjù) vs. 骤然 (zhòurán): 骤然 emphasizes the unexpected, sudden start of something, like a surprise. It is often translated as 'suddenly' or 'abruptly'. 急剧 emphasizes the steep rate of the change once it has started. '天色骤然变暗' (The sky suddenly turned dark) vs. '气温急剧下降' (The temperature dropped sharply).
急剧 (jíjù) vs. 迅速 (xùnsù): 迅速 is a general word for 'fast' or 'rapid'. It is less dramatic than '急剧'. You can respond '迅速' to a message, but you wouldn't respond '急剧'. '急剧' implies a more severe or statistically significant change.

比较：
1. 他的病情急剧恶化。 (His condition deteriorated sharply.)
2. 他的病情迅速好转。 (His condition improved rapidly.)
3. 他的身体发生了剧烈的抽搐。 (His body experienced violent convulsions.)

Another word to consider is 猛烈 (měngliè), which means 'fierce' or 'vehement'. It is used for attacks, winds, or criticisms. While a '急剧' change is about the data, a '猛烈' change is about the force. For example, '猛烈的炮火' (fierce artillery fire). If you are describing a market crash, you could use '急剧下跌', but if you are describing the emotional reaction to that crash, you might use '猛烈的抨击' (fierce criticism).

In summary, choose 急剧 when you want to sound objective, formal, and focused on the speed of a trend. It is the 'mathematician's' word for suddenness. Use the other alternatives when you need to emphasize physical force, surprise, or general speed. By understanding these subtle differences, you will be able to express yourself with much greater clarity and sophistication in Chinese.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The character '剧' (jù) used in '急剧' is the same character used for 'drama' or 'theater' (戏剧), because both involve heightened intensity and rapid shifts in plot.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /dʒiː dʒuː/

US /dʒi dʒu/

Emphasis is usually placed on the second syllable 'jù' due to its falling tone.

Reimt sich auf

积聚 (jījù) 凝聚 (níngjù) 剧 (jù) 序 (xù) 续 (xù) 具 (jù) 距 (jù) 句 (jù)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'j' like 'zh'.
Failing to distinguish the 2nd and 4th tones.
Confusing 'jù' with 'qù'.
Making the 'i' in 'jí' too short.
Not making the 'u' in 'jù' an 'ü' sound (it is actually 'jü' but written as 'ju').

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the characters '急' and '剧'.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal sentence structures.

Sprechen 4/5

Needs correct tones to avoid confusion with other 'ji' words.

Hören 3/5

Common in news broadcasts.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

快变化增加减少下降

Als Nächstes lernen

骤然剧烈猛烈趋势波动

Fortgeschritten

断崖式指数级井喷式萎缩飙升

Wichtige Grammatik

Adverbial Modifiers

急剧 + Verb (e.g., 急剧增加)

Attributive Adjectives with '的'

急剧的 + Noun (e.g., 急剧的变化)

Cause-Effect with '由于'

由于...，...急剧...

Correlation with '随着'

随着...，...急剧...

Trend description with '呈...态势'

呈现出急剧上升的态势。

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Beispiele nach Niveau

这里的气温急剧下降。

The temperature here dropped sharply.

Subject (气温) + Adverb (急剧) + Verb (下降).

小明的个子长得急剧。

Xiao Ming's height grew rapidly.

This is a slightly informal use, showing '急剧' as a degree.

苹果的价格急剧上升。

The price of apples rose sharply.

Focus on the direction of change (上升).

水流急剧变快了。

The water flow suddenly became faster.

Using '变' (become) with '急剧'.

他的心情急剧变坏。

His mood worsened sharply.

Describes a change in state.

小车的速度急剧增加。

The car's speed increased sharply.

Noun (速度) + Adverb (急剧) + Verb (增加).

雨下得急剧。

The rain fell intensely/suddenly.

Verb + 得 + Adjective.

树叶急剧变黄了。

The leaves turned yellow rapidly.

Process of change.

这种药让他的痛感急剧减轻。

This medicine made his pain decrease sharply.

Usage in a medical context.

由于停电，房间里的温度急剧升高。

Due to the power cut, the temperature in the room rose sharply.

Cause and effect sentence.

该市的人口在十年内急剧增长。

The city's population grew rapidly within ten years.

Describing a demographic trend.

河水在暴雨后急剧上涨。

The river water rose sharply after the rainstorm.

Natural phenomenon description.

这种产品的销量急剧下滑。

The sales of this product declined sharply.

Business context.

他的视力在最近几个月急剧下降。

His eyesight has declined sharply in recent months.

Health change.

森林的面积正在急剧缩小。

The area of the forest is shrinking rapidly.

Environmental context.

这种技术的成本正在急剧降低。

The cost of this technology is decreasing sharply.

Economic/Tech context.

随着互联网的普及，信件的数量急剧减少。

With the popularization of the Internet, the number of letters has decreased sharply.

Using '随着' (along with) to show correlation.

该地区的经济在战争后急剧衰退。

The region's economy declined sharply after the war.

Describing a negative economic trend.

他的病情在午夜时分急剧恶化。

His condition deteriorated sharply at midnight.

Formal medical description.

由于竞争对手的出现，该公司的市场份额急剧萎缩。

Due to the emergence of competitors, the company's market share shrunk sharply.

Using '由于' (due to) for reasons.

这种动物的数量因为栖息地破坏而急剧下降。

The number of these animals has dropped sharply due to habitat destruction.

Focus on biological trends.

在政策改变后，该行业的投资急剧增加。

After the policy change, investment in this industry increased sharply.

Describing policy impact.

由于需求过旺，该商品的供应急剧短缺。

Due to excessive demand, the supply of this commodity is in sharp shortage.

Economic supply/demand phrasing.

该国的通货膨胀率在去年急剧飙升。

The country's inflation rate soared sharply last year.

Using '飙升' (soar) with '急剧' for emphasis.

全球变暖导致极地冰川急剧融化。

Global warming has caused polar glaciers to melt rapidly.

Scientific cause and effect.

社交媒体的兴起使得信息传播的速度急剧提升。

The rise of social media has caused the speed of information dissemination to increase sharply.

Using '使得' (make/cause) in a formal structure.

这种新型病毒在人群中的传播呈急剧增长趋势。

The spread of this new virus in the population shows a sharp growth trend.

Using '呈...趋势' (show a ... trend).

由于管理不善，该企业的债务急剧膨胀。

Due to poor management, the enterprise's debt has expanded sharply.

Describing financial expansion.

随着老龄化的加剧，劳动力人口急剧下降。

With the intensifying of aging, the labor force population is dropping sharply.

Sociological trend analysis.

该城市的空气质量在冬季会急剧转差。

The city's air quality worsens sharply in winter.

Seasonal environmental change.

由于突发新闻，该网站的访问量急剧激增。

Due to breaking news, the website's traffic surged sharply.

Digital/Tech trend.

政府的强力干预使房价的涨幅急剧收窄。

Strong government intervention has caused the increase in housing prices to narrow sharply.

Describing the slowing of a trend.

在金融危机期间，全球贸易额急剧萎缩，导致许多公司倒闭。

During the financial crisis, global trade volume shrunk sharply, leading to the collapse of many companies.

Complex sentence with multiple clauses.

这种抗药性细菌的出现，使得传统抗生素的效果急剧减弱。

The emergence of this antibiotic-resistant bacteria has caused the effectiveness of traditional antibiotics to weaken sharply.

Scientific/Medical analysis.

由于国际局势的急剧动荡，油价在短期内大幅波动。

Due to the sharp volatility of the international situation, oil prices fluctuated significantly in the short term.

Using '急剧' as an attributive adjective (急剧动荡).

该物种的栖息地因过度开发而急剧破碎化，威胁其生存。

The habitat of this species has become sharply fragmented due to over-exploitation, threatening its survival.

Academic term '破碎化' (fragmentation).

随着人工智能技术的急剧突破，许多传统职业面临被取代的风险。

With the sharp breakthroughs in AI technology, many traditional professions face the risk of being replaced.

Abstract usage for technological advancement.

该地区的降雨量在过去五十年里呈现出急剧减少的态势。

The rainfall in this region has shown a trend of sharp decrease over the past fifty years.

Using '呈现出...的态势' (showing a ... state/trend).

在激烈的市场竞争中，那些不能适应变化的企业会急剧出局。

In fierce market competition, those companies that cannot adapt to change will be eliminated sharply.

Metaphorical use for elimination.

公众对该丑闻的关注度在真相大白后急剧降温。

Public attention to the scandal cooled sharply after the truth came out.

Describing social attention trends.

即便在宏观调控之下，部分地区的投机热潮依然导致了资产泡沫的急剧膨胀。

Even under macro-control, the speculative craze in some areas still led to the sharp expansion of asset bubbles.

Advanced economic terminology.

这种极端的政治极化现象，导致了社会共识的急剧崩塌。

This extreme phenomenon of political polarization has led to the sharp collapse of social consensus.

Abstract sociological analysis.

该国在经历了一段时期的繁荣后，由于结构性矛盾凸显，国力急剧衰落。

After experiencing a period of prosperity, the country's national strength declined sharply due to prominent structural contradictions.

Historical/Political commentary.

随着数字货币的普及，现金在流通领域的主导地位正面临急剧挑战。

With the popularization of digital currency, the dominant position of cash in the circulation field is facing a sharp challenge.

Complex subject-object relationship.

由于生态系统失衡，该湖泊的生物多样性正在经历一场急剧的浩劫。

Due to the imbalance of the ecosystem, the biodiversity of this lake is undergoing a sharp catastrophe.

Using '急剧' to modify '浩劫' (catastrophe).

在信息爆炸的时代，人们的注意力跨度正在急剧缩短，这对教育提出了新挑战。

In the era of information explosion, people's attention spans are shortening sharply, posing new challenges to education.

Discussing cognitive trends.

该项研究指出，如果碳排放不得到遏制，海平面上升的速度将急剧失控。

The study points out that if carbon emissions are not curbed, the speed of sea-level rise will spin sharply out of control.

Conditional complex sentence.

随着地缘政治风险的急剧外溢，全球供应链的稳定性受到了严重冲击。

With the sharp spillover of geopolitical risks, the stability of the global supply chain has been severely impacted.

Using '外溢' (spillover) with '急剧'.

Synonyme

剧烈猛烈迅速飞速

Gegenteile

缓慢平稳

Häufige Kollokationen

急剧增加

急剧下降

急剧恶化

急剧萎缩

急剧上升

急剧下滑

急剧膨胀

急剧好转

急剧减少

急剧波动

Häufige Phrasen

急剧转变

— A sharp turn or transformation in a situation.

他的态度发生了急剧转变。

急剧扩张

— Rapid expansion, often used for companies or empires.

业务正在急剧扩张。

急剧回落

— A sharp drop back to a previous level after a rise.

热度正在急剧回落。

急剧动荡

— Sharp volatility or unrest.

政局急剧动荡。

急剧收缩

— Sharp contraction, often in economics.

信贷急剧收缩。

急剧分化

— Rapid polarization or splitting into groups.

贫富差距急剧分化。

急剧飙升

— To soar or skyrocket very fast.

油价急剧飙升。

急剧减速

— Sharp deceleration.

经济增长急剧减速。

急剧变冷

— Suddenly getting much colder.

天气急剧变冷。

急剧崩塌

— A rapid collapse, literal or figurative.

信念急剧崩塌。

Wird oft verwechselt mit

急剧 vs 剧烈

剧烈 is for physical intensity/violence; 急剧 is for rate/trend of change.

急剧 vs 骤然

骤然 is for the suddenness of the start; 急剧 is for the steepness of the change.

急剧 vs 迅速

迅速 is general speed; 急剧 is dramatic and significant change.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"江河日下"

— Things are getting worse day by day; a sharp decline.

他的事业江河日下。

Literary

"一落千丈"

— A sudden and drastic drop in status, reputation, or price.

名声一落千丈。

Common

"突飞猛进"

— To advance at a tremendous pace; rapid progress.

科技突飞猛进。

Positive

"日新月异"

— Change with each passing day; rapid change.

城市面貌日新月异。

Positive

"风云突变"

— A sudden and dramatic change in the situation.

局势风云突变。

Literary

"瞬息万变"

— Fast-changing; changing in the blink of an eye.

市场瞬息万变。

Formal

"天旋地转"

— The world is spinning; a feeling of extreme change or dizziness.

感到天旋地转。

Descriptive

"每况愈下"

— To go from bad to worse; a steady or sharp decline.

身体每况愈下。

Neutral

"翻天覆地"

— Earth-shaking; a complete and drastic change.

发生了翻天覆地的变化。

Positive/Neutral

"势如破竹"

— Like splitting bamboo; an unstoppable, rapid advance.

军队势如破竹。

Military/Success

Leicht verwechselbar

急剧 vs 剧烈

Both share the character '剧'.

剧烈 describes physical force (e.g., pain, movement). 急剧 describes statistical or state changes.

剧烈运动 vs. 急剧增加

急剧 vs 突然

Both involve something happening 'suddenly'.

突然 is an adverb for unexpected events. 急剧 is for the intensity of a trend.

突然下雨 vs. 气温急剧下降

急剧 vs 飞速

Both mean 'very fast'.

飞速 is usually positive or neutral speed. 急剧 can be neutral but often implies a serious or alarming shift.

飞速发展 vs. 急剧恶化

急剧 vs 疾速

Similar sounds and meanings.

疾速 is used for movement speed (cars, running). 急剧 is used for trends.

疾速行驶 vs. 急剧萎缩

急剧 vs 猛烈

Both imply 'strong' change.

猛烈 emphasizes the force or power of an action. 急剧 emphasizes the rate of change.

猛烈抨击 vs. 急剧下滑

Satzmuster

A + 急剧 + 增加/减少

人口急剧增加。

气温 + 急剧 + 下降/上升

气温急剧下降。

由于...，...急剧...

由于干旱，水位急剧下降。

随着...，...急剧...

随着年龄增长，体力急剧下降。

呈现出 + 急剧 + ... 的态势

销量呈现出急剧上升的态势。

急剧的 + 变化/转型/动荡

社会正在经历急剧的转型。

即便...，...依然...急剧...

即便投入巨大，效果依然急剧减弱。

...急剧外溢/崩塌/破碎化

风险正面临急剧外溢的可能。

Wortfamilie

Substantive

剧烈 (intensity/violence)

Verben

加剧 (to intensify/exacerbate)

Adjektive

急剧 (rapid/sharp)

剧烈 (intense)

Verwandt

着急 (anxious)

紧急 (urgent)

剧本 (script)

剧场 (theater)

急促 (hurried)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

Common in formal written/spoken Chinese.

Häufige Fehler

剧烈增加 → 急剧增加
'剧烈' is for physical intensity; '急剧' is for numerical or trend changes.
他跑得急剧。 → 他跑得很快。
'急剧' isn't used for physical movement speed of a person.
急剧地变化 (as a noun phrase) → 急剧的变化
Use '的' for adjective-noun relationships; '地' is for adverb-verb relationships.
急剧稳定 → 急剧变化 / 逐渐稳定
'急剧' implies change, so it contradicts the idea of 'stability'.
急剧学习 → 努力学习 / 学习压力急剧增加
'急剧' must modify a verb of change, not a general action verb like 'study'.

Tipps

Adverbial Position

Always place '急剧' before the verb. '急剧下降' is correct; '下降急剧' is less common and usually needs '得'.

Pair with Trends

Think of '急剧' as a companion for 'up', 'down', 'better', and 'worse'. It's all about the direction of the trend.

IELTS Chinese

If you are taking a Chinese proficiency test, use '急剧' to describe data peaks and troughs. It shows you have advanced vocabulary.

Business Writing

In business reports, use '急剧' to highlight significant changes that need management's attention.

Tone Accuracy

Make sure to pronounce 'jù' with a strong falling tone to distinguish it from other similar-sounding words.

Avoid Overuse

If you've used '急剧' once, try '大幅度' or '骤然' in the next sentence to keep your writing interesting.

Be Formal

Use '急剧' when you want to sound objective and analytical. It's the language of experts.

The '的' Rule

When using '急剧' as an adjective (before a noun like '变化'), always add '的'. Example: '急剧的变化'.

Speed + Scale

Remember that '急剧' implies both speed and a large amount. A small fast change isn't '急剧'.

Modern China

This word is perfect for describing the rapid urbanization and economic growth of modern China.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a 'JI' (Jeep) driving 'JU' (Just) off a cliff. It's a RAPID and SHARP drop!

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize a line graph where the line suddenly goes straight up like a mountain peak.

Word Web

Rising Falling Fast Dramatic Formal Trend Sharp Sudden

Herausforderung

Try to use '急剧' in a sentence about your favorite video game's player count or the speed of your learning.

Wortherkunft

Composed of '急' (jí - fast, urgent) and '剧' (jù - dramatic, severe). '急' originally depicted a heart under pressure, implying speed or anxiety. '剧' originally referred to a tiger fighting a wild boar, implying intensity or drama.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: A fast and dramatic change.

Sino-Tibetan

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful when using it to describe people's health as it implies a very serious situation.

Equivalent to 'precipitous' or 'sharp' in academic English.

Used in UN reports on climate change translated into Chinese. Common in the 'People's Daily' editorials. Frequent in CCTV economic news.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Financial Reports

利润急剧下降
股价急剧波动
成本急剧上升
市场急剧萎缩

Weather Forecasts

气温急剧下降
水位急剧上涨
能见度急剧降低
气压急剧变化

Medical Updates

病情急剧恶化
体温急剧升高
心率急剧加快
视力急剧下降

Social Analysis

人口急剧老龄化
压力急剧增加
需求急剧增长
矛盾急剧加剧

Scientific Research

冰川急剧融化
物种急剧灭绝
浓度急剧提升
速度急剧减缓

Gesprächseinstiege

"你觉得最近几年的物价是不是在急剧上涨？"

"如果一个人的病情急剧恶化，家属该怎么办？"

"随着科技的发展，你认为哪些行业会急剧萎缩？"

"你有没有经历过心情急剧变好的瞬间？"

"面对急剧变化的世界，我们应该学习什么技能？"

Tagebuch-Impulse

描述一次你生活中发生的急剧变化，它是好是坏？

如果全球气温急剧上升10度，世界会变成什么样？

写一段话，分析你所在城市的人口变化是否急剧。

反思一下，你的中文水平在哪个阶段提高得最急剧？

讨论一下社交媒体对年轻人注意力跨度急剧缩短的影响。

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No, you should use '迅速' or '很快'. '急剧' is for trends or states, not for physical locomotion. For example, you can say '他跑的速度急剧增加' (His running speed increased sharply), but not '他跑得急剧'.

It is neutral. It can be used for positive things like '急剧增长' (rapid growth) or negative things like '急剧恶化' (rapid deterioration). However, because it implies a dramatic shift, it often appears in contexts of urgency or concern.

'急剧' (jíjù) emphasizes the speed of the change, while '大幅' (dàfú) emphasizes the size or margin of the change. Often they are used together, but '急剧' is more about the 'sharpness' of the process.

Not usually. It sounds quite formal. In daily life, people might say '一下子变多了' or '变得特别快' instead of using '急剧'.

No, it is an adjective or adverb. It cannot stand alone as a noun. You must use it to modify a verb or a noun (with '的').

It is written as 'jíjù'. Note the second and fourth tones.

Yes, '急剧' is a fixed compound word. Without '剧', '急' just means fast or urgent, and the meaning changes.

Yes, '急剧好转' is a common phrase to describe a situation that was bad but suddenly became much better.

Yes, it is very common in HSK 5 and HSK 6, especially in the reading and writing sections.

Associate it with a graph. A '急剧' change is a line that goes up or down very steeply. Visualizing this 'sharp angle' helps remember the meaning.

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