غلتیدن en 30 segundos
- To roll over and over, often playfully or uncontrollably.
- Common for animals wallowing or children moving.
- Can describe falls or objects rolling.
- Often used in the compound 'غلت زدن'.
- Core Meaning
- The Persian verb 'غلتیدن' (ghaltidan) primarily means 'to roll over and over'. It describes a motion of turning repeatedly, often without a specific direction or purpose, or as a result of losing balance. It's a vivid verb that paints a picture of continuous, often uncontrolled, turning.
- Animal Behavior
- A very common and specific use of 'غلتیدن' is to describe animals, especially dogs, rolling around on the ground, often in dirt, grass, or mud. This is a behavior seen when animals are trying to scratch an itch, get rid of a smell, or simply express joy and playfulness. For instance, a dog might enthusiastically غلتیدن in the grass after a bath, much to its owner's chagrin. This usage implies a certain abandon and freedom in the animal's movement.
- Physical Actions
- Beyond animals, 'غلتیدن' can describe physical actions of humans or objects. A baby learning to move might غلتیدن across the floor. A small object, like a ball or a coin, might غلتیدن down a slope. In a more dramatic sense, someone falling might غلتیدن down a hill. The key element is the repeated turning motion. It's less about a controlled roll (like a barrel roll) and more about a series of uncontrolled or spontaneous turns.
- Figurative Use
- While less common than the literal meanings, 'غلتیدن' can sometimes be used figuratively. For example, one might say someone is 'غلتیدن در گناه' (ghaltidan dar gonaah), meaning 'to be wallowing in sin'. This extends the idea of being immersed and repeatedly involved in something undesirable. However, this figurative use is more literary and less frequent in everyday conversation.
- Context is Key
- Understanding the context is crucial for interpreting 'غلتیدن'. Is it a playful dog, a clumsy fall, or a rolling object? The surrounding words and the situation will clarify the specific nuance. The verb inherently suggests a lack of smooth, directed motion and emphasizes the repeated turning action. It’s a word that implies a certain messiness or lack of control in the movement described.
سگ از خوشحالی در چمنزار غلتید.
کودک روی زمین غلت میزد و بازی میکرد.
- Literal Rolling
- This refers to the physical act of turning over and over. Think of a ball rolling down a hill, or a person falling and tumbling. The motion is characterized by repeated rotation.
- Wallowing
- This is a very common usage, especially for animals like dogs or pigs. They might غلتیدن in mud, dirt, or grass for various reasons, such as cooling down, masking their scent, or simply expressing pleasure. It implies a somewhat messy and uninhibited act of rolling.
- Losing Balance
- The verb can also describe the action of rolling as a consequence of losing balance or being pushed. For example, if someone stumbles on a steep path, they might غلتیدن down.
- Figurative Extension
- In some literary or idiomatic contexts, 'غلتیدن' can imply being deeply involved or immersed in something, often something negative, like sins or troubles. This usage is less common in everyday speech.
When the cat is happy, it likes to roll on the carpet.
- Basic Structure
- The verb 'غلتیدن' (ghaltidan) is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. It describes an action performed by the subject itself. The basic structure is: Subject + غلتیدن (in the appropriate tense and conjugation). For example, 'سگ غلتید' (sag ghaltid) - 'The dog rolled'.
- Past Tense Usage
- The simple past tense is formed by adding the past tense suffix '-ید' (-id) to the verb stem 'غلت' (ghalt). So, 'غلتید' (ghaltid) means 'rolled'. When referring to a specific instance or a completed action in the past, this is the form you'll use. For example, 'او از روی تپه غلتید' (oo az rooy-e tapeh ghaltid) - 'He rolled down the hill.' This implies a single, completed event.
- Present Continuous Tense
- To describe an ongoing action in the present, the present continuous tense is used. This is formed with the present tense of the auxiliary verb 'داشتن' (dashtan) followed by the present participle of 'غلتیدن', which is 'غلتان' (ghaltan) or 'غلتنده' (ghaltandeh), and then the appropriate pronoun suffix. A more common construction uses 'داشت' (dasht) with the infinitive form 'غلتیدن'. For example, 'کودک داشت روی زمین غلت میزد' (koodak dasht rooy-e zamin ghalt mīzad) - 'The child was rolling on the ground.' The verb 'زدن' (zadan) is often used idiomatically with 'غلتیدن' in the continuous past tense for emphasis.
- Present Tense Usage
- The simple present tense 'میغلتد' (mīghalad) can describe habitual actions or general truths. For instance, 'ماهیها در آب غلت میزنند' (maahī-hā dar āb ghalt mīzanand) - 'Fish roll in the water.' This is less common for 'غلتیدن' compared to describing a specific event or continuous action. More often, it's used in the context of ongoing or repeated actions, like 'او همیشه وقتی خوشحال است غلت میزند' (oo hamīsheh vaghtī khoshhāl ast ghalt mīzad) - 'He always rolls when he is happy.' The use of 'میزند' (mīzanad) from 'زدن' is common here.
- Adding Adverbs and Prepositional Phrases
- To provide more detail, adverbs and prepositional phrases can be added. These usually come before the verb or after the subject. For example, 'با شادی در علفها غلتید' (bā shādī dar alaf-hā ghaltid) - 'He rolled joyfully in the grass.' Or, 'از بالای کوه به پایین غلتید' (az bālāy-e kooh beh pāyīn ghaltid) - 'It rolled down from the top of the mountain.' The placement can vary for emphasis.
- Common Verb Combinations
- 'غلتیدن' is often used in conjunction with other verbs, especially 'زدن' (zadan - to hit/strike/do). 'غلت زدن' (ghalt zadan) is a very common and natural-sounding phrase that means 'to roll around' or 'to do some rolling'. For example, 'بچه غلت زد' (bachcheh ghalt zad) - 'The baby rolled over.' This is often preferred in informal speech over the pure 'غلتیدن'.
When the puppy woke up, it began to roll on the floor.
The tired traveler rolled himself out of bed.
- Simple Past
- The most straightforward usage is in the simple past tense: 'غلتید' (ghaltid). This describes a completed action of rolling. Example: 'توپ از روی میز افتاد و غلتید.' (Toop az rooy-e miz oftad va ghaltid.) - 'The ball fell off the table and rolled.'
- Present Continuous (with 'داشتن')
- To show an action in progress, the construction 'داشت + infinitive' is used. Example: 'بچه داشت روی زمین غلت میزد.' (Bachcheh dasht rooy-e zamin ghalt mīzad.) - 'The child was rolling on the floor.' The 'میزد' (mīzad) comes from the verb 'زدن' (zadan) which is often used idiomatically with 'غلتیدن'.
- Habitual Action (Simple Present)
- The simple present tense 'میغلتد' (mīghalad) describes something that happens regularly. Example: 'وقتی گربه هیجانزده است، غلت میزند.' (Vaghtī gorbeh hayajān-zadeh ast, ghalt mīzad.) - 'When the cat is excited, it rolls.'
- Imperative Mood
- You can command someone or something to roll. Example: 'بیا اینجا و غلت بزن!' (Biyā injā va ghalt bezan!) - 'Come here and roll!' (informal 'you'). The phrase 'غلت بزن' (ghalt bezan) is common here.
- Using 'غلت زدن'
- The compound verb 'غلت زدن' (ghalt zadan) is very common and often preferred in spoken Persian. It functions similarly to 'غلتیدن'. Example: 'سگ در گل غلت زد.' (Sag dar gel ghalt zad.) - 'The dog rolled in the mud.' This is a past tense example.
- Adding Context with Prepositions
- Prepositional phrases add crucial context. Example: 'او از روی صخره غلتید و به پایین افتاد.' (Oo az rooy-e sakhreh ghaltid va beh pāyīn oftād.) - 'He rolled off the rock and fell down.' Here, 'از روی صخره' (az rooy-e sakhreh) specifies the starting point.
The tired man rolled over in his sleep.
- Pet Owners
- This is perhaps the most common context. If you have a dog, you will frequently hear and use 'غلتیدن' or 'غلت زدن' (ghalt zadan) to describe your pet's actions. Dogs love to roll around in the grass, on the carpet, or even in something smelly. A typical conversation might be: 'سگم امروز کلی تو چمن غلت زد!' (Sag-am emrooz kolli too chaman ghalt zad!) - 'My dog rolled a lot in the grass today!' or 'چرا رو فرش غلت میزنی؟' (Cheraa roo farsh ghalt mīzani?) - 'Why are you rolling on the carpet?' This usage implies joy, playfulness, or an attempt to scratch an itch.
- Parents of Young Children
- Babies and toddlers often learn to move by rolling. Parents will describe this stage of development using 'غلتیدن'. Sentences like 'بچهام تازه یاد گرفته غلت بزنه' (Bachcheh-am tāzeh yādgerefteh ghalt bezaneh) - 'My baby has just learned to roll over,' are very common. It can also describe a child's playful rolling on the floor or bed.
- Describing Accidents and Falls
- In news reports, personal anecdotes, or even fictional narratives, 'غلتیدن' is used to describe someone or something rolling uncontrollably, usually as a result of a fall or an accident. For instance, 'ماشین از جاده منحرف شد و چند بار غلتید.' (Māshin az jādeh monharef shod va chand bār ghaltid.) - 'The car veered off the road and rolled several times.' Or, 'وقتی لیز خورد، از پلهها غلتید پایین.' (Vaghtī līz khord, az pelleh-hā ghaltid pāyīn.) - 'When he slipped, he rolled down the stairs.'
- Narratives and Storytelling
- In stories, whether for children or adults, 'غلتیدن' can be used to add vividness to descriptions. A character might be described as rolling down a hill in laughter, or a small creature might be shown rolling through a field. 'او از خنده غلت میزد.' (Oo az khandeh ghalt mīzad.) - 'He was rolling with laughter.' This usage emphasizes a lack of control and often a strong emotion or physical action.
- Describing Objects
- Any object that can roll can be described as 'غلتیدن'. This could be anything from a ball or a coin to a larger object like a barrel or a cart. 'سکه از جیبش افتاد و زیر مبل غلتید.' (Sekkeh az jibash oftād va zir-e mobl ghaltid.) - 'The coin fell from his pocket and rolled under the sofa.' This is a straightforward, literal usage.
- Figurative Language (Less Common)
- While not as frequent in everyday talk, you might encounter 'غلتیدن' in more literary or poetic contexts to describe someone being deeply immersed in something, especially negative states like 'غلتیدن در گناه' (ghaltidan dar gonaah - rolling in sin) or 'غلتیدن در مشکلات' (ghaltidan dar moshkelāt - rolling in problems). This extends the idea of being caught up and unable to escape.
My cat loves to roll on the floor when it's happy.
The car rolled down the steep hill.
- Pet Owners' Conversations
- You'll hear this constantly from people talking about their dogs or cats. Phrases like 'سگم عاشق غلت زدنه' (Sag-am āshegh-e ghalt zadan-eh) - 'My dog loves to roll around,' are very common.
- Parents Describing Children
- Describing a baby's milestones or a toddler's play: 'بچهام خیلی دوست داره غلت بزنه.' (Bachcheh-am kheyli doost dāreh ghalt bezaneh.) - 'My baby really likes to roll over.'
- Accident Reports
- When recounting incidents, especially involving vehicles or falls: 'ماشین کنترلش رو از دست داد و غلتید.' (Māshin kontrol-esh ro az dast dād va ghaltid.) - 'The car lost control and rolled.'
- Children's Stories and Cartoons
- To describe playful movements or characters falling: 'خرگوش کوچولو از تپه غلتید پایین.' (Khargoosh-e koochooloo az tapeh ghaltid pāyīn.) - 'The little rabbit rolled down the hill.'
- Sports Commentary (less common, but possible)
- In certain sports, like gymnastics or even describing a clumsy fall in soccer, the word might appear.
The playful puppy rolled joyfully in the grass.
- Confusing with 'چرخیدن' (Charkhidan)
- A common error is to confuse 'غلتیدن' (ghaltidan - to roll over and over) with 'چرخیدن' (charkhidan - to turn, spin, rotate). While both involve circular motion, 'چرخیدن' implies a more controlled, often repeated, rotation around an axis, like a wheel spinning or someone spinning around. 'غلتیدن' is more about tumbling, falling, or wallowing, a less controlled, often sequential turning. For example, a potter's wheel 'میچرخد' (mīcharkhad), but a dog 'میغلتد' (mīghalad) in the grass.
- Overusing 'غلتیدن' for Controlled Rolling
- 'غلتیدن' typically describes uncontrolled or spontaneous rolling. Using it for a controlled maneuver, like a gymnast doing a controlled somersault or a car making a deliberate barrel roll, might sound awkward. For controlled rotations, verbs like 'چرخیدن' or more specific verbs related to the action might be better. 'غلتیدن' suggests a loss of control or an uninhibited action.
- Incorrect Tense or Aspect
- Learners might use the wrong tense or aspect. For instance, using the simple past 'غلتید' (ghaltid) for an ongoing action, or using the present continuous incorrectly. The idiomatic use of 'داشتن' with the infinitive (e.g., 'داشت غلت میزد' - dasht ghalt mīzad) for past continuous is crucial. Also, remembering that 'غلت زدن' is a very common compound verb for this action is important.
- Using it as a Transitive Verb
- 'غلتیدن' is an intransitive verb. It does not take a direct object. Learners might mistakenly try to use it transitively, implying someone or something is causing another thing to roll. For example, saying 'او توپ را غلتاند' (oo toop rā ghaltānd) is incorrect. The correct verb for making something roll is usually 'غلتاندن' (ghaltāndan - to cause to roll), which is the causative form. 'غلتیدن' is what the subject does itself.
- Ignoring the Nuance of 'Wallowing'
- While 'roll' is a general translation, 'غلتیدن' often carries the connotation of 'wallowing,' especially with animals. Failing to capture this sense of enthusiastic, perhaps messy, rolling can lead to a less accurate translation. For instance, a dog rolling in mud isn't just 'rolling'; it's 'wallowing' with apparent pleasure, which 'غلتیدن' perfectly conveys.
- Pronunciation Errors
- Persian pronunciation can be tricky. Mispronouncing the 'gh' sound (غ) or stressing the wrong syllable can make the word unintelligible. The 'gh' is a guttural sound made in the back of the throat, similar to the French 'r' but often softer. Ensure the emphasis is on the first syllable: GHAL-ti-dan.
Incorrect: The wheel rolled fast.
Correct: The wheel spun fast.
- Confusing Intransitive and Transitive
- 'غلتیدن' is intransitive (the subject does the action). The transitive form, 'غلتاندن' (ghaltāndan), means 'to cause to roll'. Mistake: 'او توپ را غلتید.' (He rolled the ball - incorrect). Correct: 'او توپ را غلتاند.' (He rolled the ball - correct transitive action).
- Using 'غلتیدن' for Controlled Rotation
- 'غلتیدن' implies uncoordinated or spontaneous rolling. For controlled spins, 'چرخیدن' (charkhidan) is better. Mistake: 'رقاصه در صحنه غلتید.' (The dancer rolled on stage - implies loss of control). Correct: 'رقاصه در صحنه چرخید.' (The dancer spun on stage - implies controlled movement).
- Ignoring the Compound Verb 'غلت زدن'
- 'غلت زدن' (ghalt zadan) is a very common colloquial alternative. Not using it can make your speech sound less natural. Mistake: 'سگ در چمن غلتید.' (The dog rolled in the grass - grammatically correct but less common colloquially). Correct: 'سگ در چمن غلت زد.' (The dog rolled around in the grass - more natural).
- Incorrect Tense/Aspect Usage
- Using the simple past for an ongoing action or vice versa. Especially confusing is the past continuous, often expressed with 'داشتن + infinitive'. Mistake: 'او داشت غلت میزد.' (He was rolling - incorrect past tense for ongoing action). Correct: 'او داشت غلت میزد.' (He was rolling - correct past continuous).
- Misplacing Adverbs
- Adverbs of manner or place need to be placed correctly for clarity. Mistake: 'غلتید او با خوشحالی.' (Rolled he with happiness - awkward word order). Correct: 'او با خوشحالی غلتید.' (He rolled with happiness - better word order).
Incorrect: The child rolled the ball.
- چرخیدن (Charkhidan)
- Meaning: To spin, turn, rotate.
Difference: 'چرخیدن' implies a more controlled, often repetitive motion around an axis. Think of a wheel spinning, a dancer turning, or a top spinning. 'غلتیدن' is about tumbling or rolling over and over, often with less control.
Example: 'چرخ ماشین در برف چرخید.' (The car's wheel spun in the snow.) vs. 'ماشین از جاده منحرف شد و غلتید.' (The car went off the road and rolled.) - افتادن (Oftādan)
- Meaning: To fall.
Difference: 'افتادن' is a general term for falling. 'غلتیدن' often describes *how* something falls – by rolling. So, something can fall without rolling, but if it rolls down, it's often described as falling *and* rolling.
Example: 'او از روی صندلی افتاد.' (He fell from the chair.) vs. 'او از روی صندلی افتاد و غلتید.' (He fell from the chair and rolled.) - پیچیدن (Pīchidan)
- Meaning: To twist, wind, wrap, turn (a corner).
Difference: 'پیچیدن' involves twisting or turning in a way that changes direction or shape. It can describe turning a corner, twisting a rope, or wrapping a gift. It's not about rolling over and over.
Example: 'جاده در جنگل پیچ میخورد.' (The road winds in the forest.) vs. 'کودک در تخت غلت میزد.' (The child was rolling around in bed.) - خوابیدن (Khābidan)
- Meaning: To sleep, lie down.
Difference: While someone might roll over *while* sleeping or lying down, 'خوابیدن' itself doesn't mean to roll. It refers to the state of rest.
Example: 'او خسته بود و روی مبل خوابید.' (He was tired and lay down on the sofa.) vs. 'وقتی خوابش برد، غلت زد.' (When he fell asleep, he rolled over.) - غلت زدن (Ghalt Zadan)
- Meaning: To roll around, to do some rolling.
Difference: This is essentially a compound verb that functions almost identically to 'غلتیدن' but is much more common in colloquial Persian. It's not a true synonym in the sense of having a different meaning, but rather a more frequently used phrasing.
Example: 'سگ در چمن غلت زد.' (The dog rolled around in the grass.) - This is often preferred over 'سگ در چمن غلتید.' (The dog rolled in the grass.) - غلتاندن (Ghaltāndan)
- Meaning: To cause to roll, to roll something.
Difference: This is the causative form of 'غلتیدن'. 'غلتیدن' is intransitive (the subject rolls itself), while 'غلتاندن' is transitive (the subject causes something else to roll).
Example: 'او توپ را غلتاند.' (He rolled the ball.) vs. 'توپ غلتید.' (The ball rolled.)
A wheel spins: چرخ میچرخد.
He rolled the ball.
- غلت زدن vs. غلتیدن
- These are near synonyms, with 'غلت زدن' being the more colloquial and frequently used form in everyday speech. Both mean 'to roll over and over'.
- چرخیدن (Charkhidan)
- 'To spin' or 'to turn'. This implies a more controlled rotation around an axis, unlike the tumbling motion of 'غلتیدن'.
- افتادن (Oftādan)
- 'To fall'. 'غلتیدن' often describes the manner of falling, i.e., falling by rolling.
- پیچیدن (Pīchidan)
- 'To twist' or 'to wind'. This involves a different kind of motion, not rolling.
- غلتاندن (Ghaltāndan)
- The causative verb, meaning 'to cause to roll'. This is transitive, whereas 'غلتیدن' is intransitive.
The dancer spun gracefully.
How Formal Is It?
"گزارشها حاکی از آن بود که خودرو پس از انحراف از مسیر، چندین بار غلتیده است."
"کودک روی زمین غلت میزد و بازی میکرد."
"سگم عاشق غلت زدن توی چمنه!"
"بیا غلت بزن!"
Dato curioso
The sound 'gh' (غ) is a guttural consonant that exists in many Semitic and some Indo-Iranian languages, suggesting an ancient shared phonetic heritage. The concept of rolling is universal, so the verb exists in nearly every language, but the specific form 'ghaltidan' is distinctly Persian.
Guía de pronunciación
- Pronouncing 'gh' as 'g' or 'h'.
- Incorrect vowel sounds.
- Misplacing the stress.
Nivel de dificultad
The word itself is relatively common and its core meaning is straightforward. However, understanding its nuances, especially the figurative uses and the common compound verb 'غلت زدن', requires more exposure. Recognizing the difference between 'غلتیدن' and 'چرخیدن' is also key for comprehension.
Producing sentences with 'غلتیدن' is manageable, especially for literal meanings. The challenge lies in using it appropriately in different tenses and contexts, and knowing when to opt for the more colloquial 'غلت زدن'. Figurative uses require a higher level of proficiency.
Pronunciation of the 'gh' sound can be a hurdle. Using the word naturally in conversation, especially differentiating it from 'چرخیدن' and employing 'غلت زدن', requires practice. Spontaneous use might lean towards the simpler compound verb.
The word is frequently heard, especially in contexts involving pets, children, or accident reports. Distinguishing it from similar-sounding verbs or words with related meanings requires attentive listening.
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Requisitos previos
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Gramática que debes saber
Intransitive vs. Transitive Verbs
'غلتیدن' is intransitive (the subject acts on itself). 'غلتاندن' is transitive (the subject causes another object to act). Example: 'توپ غلتید.' (The ball rolled - intransitive). 'او توپ را غلتاند.' (He rolled the ball - transitive).
Past Continuous Tense with 'داشتن'
To describe an action in progress in the past, use 'داشت' + infinitive + 'میزد'. Example: 'بچه داشت روی زمین غلت میزد.' (The child was rolling on the floor.)
Compound Verbs
'غلت زدن' is a common compound verb meaning 'to roll around'. It functions similarly to 'غلتیدن' but is often more colloquial. Example: 'سگ غلت زد.' (The dog rolled around.)
Prepositional Phrases for Direction
Use prepositions like 'از' (from) and 'به' (to) or adverbs like 'پایین' (down) to indicate direction. Example: 'او از تپه غلتید.' (He rolled from the hill.)
Figurative Language
Verbs like 'غلتیدن' can be used metaphorically to describe being deeply immersed in emotions or situations. Example: 'در دریای مشکلات غلتیدن.' (To roll in the sea of problems.)
Ejemplos por nivel
بچه غلتید.
The baby rolled.
Simple past tense, intransitive verb.
توپ غلتید.
The ball rolled.
Simple past tense, intransitive verb.
سگ غلت زد.
The dog rolled.
Common compound verb, simple past tense.
او افتاد و غلتید.
He fell and rolled.
Sequence of actions: fall then roll.
کودک روی زمین غلت میزند.
The child rolls on the ground.
Simple present tense, habitual action.
گربه غلتید.
The cat rolled.
Simple past tense, intransitive verb.
ماشین غلتید.
The car rolled.
Simple past tense, often implying an accident.
بیا غلت بزن!
Come roll!
Imperative mood, informal command.
سگم عاشق غلت زدن در چمن است.
My dog loves to roll in the grass.
Using the compound verb 'غلت زدن' with 'عاشق بودن' (to love).
وقتی بچه بودم، روی زمین غلت میزدم.
When I was a child, I used to roll on the floor.
Past continuous/habitual action using 'میزدم'.
توپ از روی میز افتاد و غلتید.
The ball fell off the table and rolled.
Sequence of actions in the past.
او از پلهها غلتید پایین.
He rolled down the stairs.
Prepositional phrase indicating direction.
حیوانات در گل غلت میزنند.
Animals roll in the mud.
Simple present tense, habitual action for animals.
گربه از خواب بیدار شد و غلت زد.
The cat woke up and rolled over.
Sequence of actions in the past.
این جعبه سنگین است، آن را غلت نده!
This box is heavy, don't roll it!
Negative imperative, but incorrect use of 'غلت نده' (should be 'غلت نده' for intransitive, or 'غلتان نباش' etc. This sentence is tricky. It implies causing to roll, so 'غلتان نکن' would be better if transitive. For intransitive, it's nonsensical. Let's rephrase to a correct intransitive example.)
کوهنورد از صخره غلتید.
The climber rolled off the rock.
Simple past tense, describing a fall.
سگ از خوشحالی در چمنزار غلت میزد.
The dog was rolling in the meadow out of happiness.
Past continuous tense using 'میزد' for an ongoing action.
وقتی او را هل دادند، از روی تپه غلتید.
When they pushed him, he rolled down the hill.
Passive implication ('he was pushed') leading to an intransitive action.
کودک تازه یاد گرفته بود که غلت بزند.
The child had just learned to roll over.
Past perfect tense ('had learned') with the infinitive 'غلت بزند'.
ماشین کنترلش را از دست داد و چند بار غلتید.
The car lost control and rolled several times.
Describing a severe accident.
او از خنده روی زمین غلت میزد.
He was rolling on the floor with laughter.
Figurative use for intense emotion.
سکه از جیبم افتاد و زیر مبل غلتید.
The coin fell from my pocket and rolled under the sofa.
Describing the movement of a small object.
وقتی توله سگ بیدار شد، شروع به غلت زدن کرد.
When the puppy woke up, it started to roll around.
Using 'شروع کردن به' (to start to) with the compound verb.
او در گرداب مشکلات غلت میخورد.
He was rolling in the whirlpool of problems.
Figurative use: 'غلت خوردن' (rolling) implies being stuck in a bad situation.
پس از سقوط از اسب، او چند متر غلتید.
After falling from the horse, he rolled several meters.
Quantifying the distance rolled after a fall.
کودک با شادی در آغوش مادرش غلت میزد.
The child was rolling joyfully in his mother's embrace.
Describing affectionate playfulness.
اشیای زیادی از قفسه افتادند و غلتیدند.
Many objects fell from the shelf and rolled.
Plural subject, describing multiple objects rolling.
او خود را از تخت به پایین غلتاند.
He rolled himself out of bed.
Using 'غلتاند' (causative) implies self-action, similar to 'غلتید'. Note: This is a slight nuance; 'غلتید' is more common for self-action. 'غلتاند' usually implies causing something else to roll. However, in some contexts, 'خود را غلتاند' can be used reflexively.
مستاجر جدید آپارتمان را به هم ریخته بود و وسایلش در همه جا غلت میخوردند.
The new tenant had messed up the apartment, and his belongings were rolling everywhere.
Describing the state of belongings after chaos. 'غلت میخوردند' implies ongoing rolling.
در میان علفهای بلند، توله سگ با اشتیاق غلت میزد.
Among the tall grasses, the puppy was rolling with enthusiasm.
Describing enthusiastic animal behavior.
گزارشها حاکی از آن بود که خودرو پس از انحراف از مسیر، چندین بار غلتیده است.
Reports indicated that the vehicle had rolled several times after veering off course.
Formal reporting style, past perfect tense ('had rolled').
او در تفکرات خود غلت میزد و راه حلی پیدا نمیکرد.
He was rolling in his thoughts and couldn't find a solution.
Figurative use: being stuck in one's thoughts.
بیتوجه به اطراف، کودک در میان گلها غلتید و شادی کرد.
Unaware of his surroundings, the child rolled in the mud and rejoiced.
Describing a state of joyful abandon.
زمین لرزه باعث شد تا قفسهها واژگون شوند و محتویاتشان غلتان به اطراف پخش شوند.
The earthquake caused the shelves to overturn, and their contents to roll and scatter everywhere.
Describing the consequence of an event, using 'غلتان' (rolling) as an adjective/participle.
او در دریای مشکلات مالی غلت میزد و راه نجاتی نمییافت.
He was drowning in a sea of financial problems and found no way out.
Strong figurative use: 'غلت زدن' implying being overwhelmed and unable to escape.
پس از واژگونی خودرو، تنها صدای غلتیدن آن شنیده میشد.
After the car overturned, only the sound of it rolling could be heard.
Focus on the auditory aspect of rolling after an accident.
بازیگر در صحنه با چنان شور و هیجانی غلت میزد که تماشاگران را مسحور کرد.
The actor rolled on stage with such passion and excitement that he captivated the audience.
Describing a theatrical performance with great intensity.
دانشجو در میان انبوه کتابها غلت میزد تا مقاله خود را تکمیل کند.
The student was poring over mountains of books to complete his paper.
Figurative: 'غلت زدن' implies being deeply immersed and perhaps overwhelmed by work.
حیوانات اهلی در باغ وحش اغلب در فضاهای مخصوص خود غلت میزنند تا حس راحتی کنند.
Domestic animals in the zoo often roll in their designated areas to feel comfortable.
Explaining animal behavior in a zoo context.
افکارش مانند گویهای سرگردان در ذهنش غلت میخوردند.
His thoughts rolled around his mind like wandering orbs.
Poetic and abstract figurative language.
در فضایی مملو از آشفتگی، او تنها به غلتیدن در میان خاطرات تلخ خود بسنده کرد.
In a space filled with turmoil, he contented himself with rolling amidst his bitter memories.
Advanced figurative language: 'بسنده کرد' (contented himself) combined with 'غلتیدن در خاطرات'.
آتشنشانان با احتیاط در میان آوار غلتیدند تا مصدومان را نجات دهند.
The firefighters cautiously rolled amidst the debris to rescue the injured.
Describing careful, possibly difficult, movement in a dangerous environment.
سقوط یک شهابسنگ عظیم باعث شد تا زمین برای دقایقی به طرز چشمگیری غلت بزند.
The impact of a massive meteorite caused the Earth to roll noticeably for minutes.
Hypothetical scenario involving celestial bodies; 'غلت بزند' used for a massive, impactful event.
او در ورطه سیاست غلتید و دیگر نتوانست خود را بیرون بکشد.
He tumbled into the abyss of politics and could no longer extricate himself.
Highly figurative: 'ورطه' (abyss/quagmire) combined with 'غلتیدن' to describe being trapped in a complex situation.
حسرت گذشته مانند موجی او را در بر گرفت و در آن غلتید.
Regret for the past engulfed him like a wave, and he rolled in it.
Poetic and emotional use of 'غلتیدن' to describe being consumed by an emotion.
در تئاتر ابزورد، شخصیتها اغلب بدون دلیل منطقی در صحنه غلت میزنند.
In absurdist theater, characters often roll on stage without logical reason.
Contextualizing the verb within a specific artistic genre.
علم روانشناسی معتقد است که غلت زدن در علف برای سگها نوعی ابراز رضایت و آرامش است.
Psychology suggests that rolling in the grass is a form of expressing contentment and comfort for dogs.
Formal, scientific explanation of animal behavior.
او در میان انبوهی از مستندات غلت میخورد تا حقیقت پنهان را بیابد.
He was wading through a mountain of documents to find the hidden truth.
Figurative: 'غلت خوردن' used to describe the laborious process of searching through vast amounts of information.
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
— To roll around; to do some rolling. This is a very common colloquial alternative to 'غلتیدن'.
سگ من عاشق غلت زدن در چمن است.
— The car rolled (usually implying an accident or overturning).
خودرو کنترلش را از دست داد و غلتید.
— To roll (often used for objects or in accidents). A close alternative to 'غلتیدن'.
توپ از دستش افتاد و غلت خورد.
— Figuratively, to be deeply involved or stuck in problems.
او در ورطه مشکلات غلت میخورد.
Se confunde a menudo con
'غلتیدن' implies rolling over and over, often uncontrollably or playfully. 'چرخیدن' means to spin or rotate, usually in a controlled manner like a wheel or a dancer. Think of a log rolling down a hill versus a spinning top.
'افتادن' is simply 'to fall'. 'غلتیدن' often describes *how* something falls – by rolling. You can fall without rolling, but if you roll down, you also fell.
'پیچیدن' means to twist, wind, or turn a corner. It's a different type of motion than rolling over and over.
Modismos y expresiones
— Literally, to roll in mud. Figuratively, it can imply engaging in something dirty or unpleasant, or simply being very messy.
بعد از بازی در پارک، بچهها در گل غلتیدند.
Neutral— To roll with laughter; to laugh very hard.
داستان آنقدر خندهدار بود که از خنده غلتیدیم.
Informal— To be deeply immersed or stuck in problems, unable to escape.
او سالها در مشکلات مالی غلتید.
Figurative, Negative— To roll around on the ground, often implying playfulness or exhaustion.
بچه از خوشحالی روی زمین غلت میزد.
Neutral— To fall into the embrace of death; to die (a more dramatic and literary expression).
پس از سالها مبارزه، او به آغوش مرگ غلتید.
Literary, Dramatic— To be steeped in sin; to be deeply involved in sinful activities.
گفته میشود که او در گناه غلتید.
Religious, Literary— To be surrounded by luxury and comfort; to wallow in riches.
این شاهزاده در ناز و نعمت غلت میزد.
Figurative, Positive (describing extreme comfort)— To be lost in memories, often wistfully or sadly.
او ساعتها در خاطرات گذشته غلت میزد.
Figurative, Emotional— To move from one place to another by rolling, often implying a lack of control or a passive journey.
توپ از تپه غلتید و به رودخانه افتاد.
Literal, Object movement— To be overwhelmed by numerous and complex problems.
او در دریای مشکلات غلت میزد و راه نجاتی نداشت.
Figurative, Intense negativeFácil de confundir
Very similar meaning and usage.
'غلتیدن' is the base verb, while 'غلت زدن' is a compound verb. 'غلت زدن' is generally considered more colloquial and is often preferred in everyday spoken Persian when talking about animals or children rolling around.
سگ غلتید. (The dog rolled.) vs. سگ غلت زد. (The dog rolled around - more common colloquially).
Related root and concept of rolling.
'غلتیدن' is intransitive (the subject rolls itself), whereas 'غلتاندن' is transitive (the subject causes something else to roll). 'غلتیدن' describes the action of the dog rolling; 'غلتاندن' describes the action of a person rolling a ball.
توپ غلتید. (The ball rolled.) vs. او توپ را غلتاند. (He rolled the ball.)
Both involve circular motion.
'غلتیدن' is about tumbling or rolling over and over, often without precise control. 'چرخیدن' is about spinning or rotating, usually in a controlled manner around an axis, like a wheel or a dancer turning.
چرخ ماشین چرخید. (The car wheel spun.) vs. ماشین غلتید. (The car rolled - implying an accident.)
Both can lead to falling.
'لغزیدن' means to slip or slide, often on a surface. It's the action of losing footing. 'غلتیدن' is the subsequent rolling motion that might occur after slipping and falling.
او روی یخ لغزید و افتاد. (He slipped on the ice and fell.) vs. او از پلهها غلتید. (He rolled down the stairs - implies the rolling motion after falling).
Often happens together.
'افتادن' is the general act of falling. 'غلتیدن' describes the specific manner of falling, i.e., rolling. Something can fall without rolling, but if it rolls down, it has also fallen.
کتاب از دستش افتاد. (The book fell from his hand.) vs. کتاب از روی میز افتاد و غلتید. (The book fell off the table and rolled.)
Patrones de oraciones
Subject + غلتید.
بچه غلتید.
Subject + غلت زد + در + Noun.
سگ در چمن غلت زد.
Subject + داشت + غلت میزد.
کودک داشت غلت میزد.
Subject + از + Noun + غلتید.
او از تپه غلتید.
Subject + با + Adverb + غلت میزد.
او با خوشحالی غلت میزد.
Subject + در + Noun (figurative) + غلت میخورد.
او در مشکلات غلت میخورد.
Subject + ... + غلتیدند.
اشیای زیادی غلتیدند.
Figurative context + Subject + غلتیدن.
در دریای خاطرات غلتیدن.
Familia de palabras
Sustantivos
Verbos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Cómo usarlo
High, especially in contexts involving animals, children, and accidents.
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Using 'غلتیدن' for controlled spinning.
→
Using 'چرخیدن' for spinning or rotating.
'غلتیدن' implies rolling over and over, often with a loss of control or a tumbling motion. 'چرخیدن' refers to a more controlled rotation around an axis, like a wheel spinning or a dancer turning. For example, a car tire 'چرخ میزند' (spins), but an overturned car 'غلت میخورد' (rolls).
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Using 'غلتیدن' transitively (e.g., 'He rolled the ball').
→
Using the causative verb 'غلتاندن' (ghaltāndan) for making something roll.
'غلتیدن' is intransitive; the subject performs the action on itself. To indicate causing something else to roll, the transitive verb 'غلتاندن' must be used. Example: 'او توپ را غلتید' (He rolled the ball - incorrect) should be 'او توپ را غلتاند' (He rolled the ball - correct).
-
Confusing 'غلتیدن' with 'افتادن'.
→
Using 'غلتیدن' to describe the rolling motion after or during a fall.
'افتادن' simply means 'to fall'. 'غلتیدن' describes the specific manner of falling, involving rolling. While something can fall without rolling, if it rolls down, it has also fallen. Example: 'او افتاد.' (He fell.) vs. 'او از تپه غلتید.' (He rolled down the hill - implying he also fell).
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Not using the common compound verb 'غلت زدن'.
→
Using 'غلت زدن' in colloquial contexts.
While 'غلتیدن' is grammatically correct, 'غلت زدن' is far more common in everyday spoken Persian, especially when describing playful rolling by pets or children. Not using it can make speech sound slightly less natural. Example: 'سگ غلتید.' (grammatically correct) vs. 'سگ غلت زد.' (more colloquial).
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Incorrect tense or aspect for ongoing actions.
→
Using 'داشت + infinitive + میزد' for past continuous.
Describing an action in progress in the past requires a specific construction. For example, 'بچه غلتید.' (The child rolled - simple past) is different from 'بچه داشت غلت میزد.' (The child was rolling - past continuous).
Consejos
Master the 'Gh' Sound
The initial 'غ' (gh) in 'غلتیدن' is a guttural sound made in the back of the throat. Practice saying it by trying to mimic the sound of gargling gently. It's distinct from a simple 'g' or 'h' sound. Getting this right is key to clear pronunciation.
Embrace 'غلت زدن'
While 'غلتیدن' is correct, the compound verb 'غلت زدن' is extremely common in everyday spoken Persian. Make an effort to use it, especially when describing playful rolling by pets or children, as it often sounds more natural and idiomatic.
Context is King
The meaning of 'غلتیدن' can vary. Pay close attention to the surrounding words and the situation. Is it a happy dog, a clumsy fall, or a metaphorical situation? This will help you understand the precise nuance being conveyed.
Intransitive vs. Transitive
Remember that 'غلتیدن' is intransitive – the subject rolls itself. If you want to say someone *made* something roll, you need the causative verb 'غلتاندن'. This distinction is crucial for correct sentence construction.
Visual Associations
Create vivid mental images: a dog gleefully rolling in the grass, a baby tumbling over, or a car rolling after an accident. Visualizing these scenes will help anchor the meaning of 'غلتیدن' in your memory.
Roll vs. Spin
Don't confuse 'غلتیدن' (rolling over and over) with 'چرخیدن' (spinning or rotating). Think of a log rolling down a hill versus a wheel spinning on its axle. The type of motion is fundamentally different.
Explore Metaphors
While literal rolling is common, be aware of figurative uses like 'غلتیدن در مشکلات' (rolling in problems). This adds depth to your understanding and allows for more expressive language use, though it's less frequent in casual conversation.
Active Recall
Try to describe everyday actions around you using 'غلتیدن' or 'غلت زدن'. For example, if you see a pet rolling, try to say it in Persian. This active recall is more effective than passive memorization.
Listen for Context
When listening to Persian, pay attention to the surrounding words when you hear 'غلتیدن'. This will help you decipher whether it's a literal action, an accident, or a figurative expression.
Related Terms
Learn related words like 'افتادن' (to fall), 'لغزیدن' (to slip), and 'واژگون شدن' (to overturn). Understanding these related terms will provide a richer vocabulary for describing motion and accidents.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Imagine a 'ghoul' (ghalt) that loves to 'tide' (tidan) over the sea by rolling. Or, think of a 'gallop' that turns into a 'tumble' - 'ghalt' sounds a bit like gallop, and it ends in a tumble.
Asociación visual
Picture a dog enthusiastically rolling in a patch of vibrant green grass, completely carefree. Or visualize a large round stone 'ghalting' down a steep hill.
Word Web
Desafío
Try to describe three different scenarios where 'غلتیدن' is used: one with an animal, one with a person or object falling, and one where it's used figuratively. Use the past tense for two and the present continuous for one.
Origen de la palabra
The word 'غلتیدن' likely originates from an ancient Indo-Iranian root related to rolling or tumbling. Many Indo-European languages have similar-sounding words for rolling motions.
Significado original: The core meaning has always been related to the physical act of rolling over and over.
Indo-Iranian, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European.Contexto cultural
The word itself is neutral. However, its figurative use, like 'rolling in sin' or 'rolling in problems', carries negative connotations. Its use in describing accidents should be done with sensitivity.
In English-speaking cultures, 'rolling' is also common for animals and children, and 'tumbling' for falls. The concept is very similar, though the specific Persian nuance of 'wallowing' with animals might be more emphasized with 'غلتیدن'.
Practica en la vida real
Contextos reales
Describing pet behavior
- سگم غلت میزند.
- گربهام دوست دارد غلت بزند.
- در چمن غلت زدن.
- با خوشحالی غلت زدن.
Describing children's actions
- بچه روی زمین غلت میزند.
- کودک غلت زدن را یاد گرفت.
- از خنده غلتیدن.
- غلت زدن در پارک.
Describing accidents or falls
- ماشین غلتید.
- او از تپه غلتید.
- غلتیدن و افتادن.
- خودرو واژگون شد و غلتید.
Describing object movement
- توپ غلتید.
- سکه زیر مبل غلتید.
- جعبه غلت خورد.
- به سمت غلتیدن.
Figurative language
- در مشکلات غلتیدن.
- در خاطرات غلت زدن.
- غلتیدن در ناز و نعمت.
- غلتیدن در گناه.
Inicios de conversación
"Have you ever seen a dog roll around in the grass? What do you think they enjoy about it?"
"When was the last time you saw a child rolling on the floor? What were they doing?"
"Can you describe a time you or someone you know fell and rolled? What happened?"
"If an object rolls down a hill, what are some words you could use to describe its movement?"
"What's the funniest thing you've seen an animal do when it rolls around?"
Temas para diario
Write about a time you felt overwhelmed by problems, using the phrase 'غلتیدن در مشکلات' (rolling in problems) to describe your feelings.
Describe your pet's favorite way to play, focusing on any rolling or tumbling behaviors.
Imagine you are a small object, like a coin or a ball. Describe your journey rolling down a slope.
Write a short story about a character who experiences a dramatic fall and subsequent rolling.
Reflect on a moment of pure, uninhibited joy. How did it feel, and could you compare it to the feeling of rolling freely?
Preguntas frecuentes
10 preguntasThe most common meaning of 'غلتیدن' is to roll over and over. This is frequently used to describe animals, especially dogs, rolling around playfully in grass or mud (wallowing), or children rolling on the floor. It can also describe objects or people falling and tumbling.
Yes, 'غلت زدن' is a compound verb that is very similar in meaning to 'غلتیدن'. In everyday spoken Persian, 'غلت زدن' is often preferred and sounds more natural, especially when talking about pets or children. 'غلتیدن' is the base verb and is also correct, but might be perceived as slightly more formal or literary in some contexts.
'غلتیدن' describes rolling over and over, often with a lack of control or a tumbling motion (like a ball rolling down a hill). 'چرخیدن' means to spin or rotate, typically in a more controlled manner around an axis (like a wheel spinning or a dancer turning).
Yes, 'غلتیدن' can be used when describing people falling and tumbling, especially down a slope like a hill or stairs. For example, 'او از پلهها غلتید.' (He rolled down the stairs.) It implies a rolling motion as part of the fall.
While the primary meaning is literal (physical rolling), 'غلتیدن' can be used figuratively. For instance, 'در مشکلات غلتیدن' means to be deeply immersed or stuck in problems. This figurative use is less common in everyday speech but appears in literature.
The simple past tense is 'غلتید' (ghaltid). For example, 'سگ غلتید.' (The dog rolled.) The past continuous is often expressed using 'داشت' + infinitive + 'میزد', such as 'بچه داشت غلت میزد.' (The child was rolling.)
No, 'غلتیدن' is an intransitive verb, meaning the subject performs the action on itself. To say 'I rolled the ball', you need the transitive verb 'غلتاندن' (ghaltāndan). So, it would be 'من توپ را غلتاندم.' (I rolled the ball.)
When animals like dogs 'غلت میزنند' (roll around), it usually signifies playfulness, happiness, scratching an itch, or sometimes trying to mask their scent by rolling in something interesting (like mud or strong-smelling grass).
The initial 'gh' sound (غ) is guttural and produced in the back of the throat, similar to the 'r' in French or Arabic. It's important not to pronounce it as a simple 'g' or 'h'. The stress is usually on the first syllable: GHAL-ti-dan.
Common phrases include 'غلت زدن' (to roll around), 'غلتیدن از تپه' (to roll down a hill), 'غلتیدن روی زمین' (to roll on the ground), and 'در گل غلتیدن' (to roll in the mud).
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Summary
The Persian verb 'غلتیدن' (ghaltidan) means to roll over and over. It's frequently used to describe animals like dogs wallowing in grass or mud, children rolling on the floor, or objects and people falling and tumbling. The compound verb 'غلت زدن' (ghalt zadan) is a very common colloquial alternative. It emphasizes repeated, often uncoordinated, turning.
- To roll over and over, often playfully or uncontrollably.
- Common for animals wallowing or children moving.
- Can describe falls or objects rolling.
- Often used in the compound 'غلت زدن'.
Master the 'Gh' Sound
The initial 'غ' (gh) in 'غلتیدن' is a guttural sound made in the back of the throat. Practice saying it by trying to mimic the sound of gargling gently. It's distinct from a simple 'g' or 'h' sound. Getting this right is key to clear pronunciation.
Embrace 'غلت زدن'
While 'غلتیدن' is correct, the compound verb 'غلت زدن' is extremely common in everyday spoken Persian. Make an effort to use it, especially when describing playful rolling by pets or children, as it often sounds more natural and idiomatic.
Context is King
The meaning of 'غلتیدن' can vary. Pay close attention to the surrounding words and the situation. Is it a happy dog, a clumsy fall, or a metaphorical situation? This will help you understand the precise nuance being conveyed.
Intransitive vs. Transitive
Remember that 'غلتیدن' is intransitive – the subject rolls itself. If you want to say someone *made* something roll, you need the causative verb 'غلتاندن'. This distinction is crucial for correct sentence construction.
Contenido relacionado
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عاج
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علفخوار
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علنی
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عرعر کردن
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عظیم الجثه
B1Extremadamente grande en tamaño o escala; enorme.
آبزی
B1Que vive en el agua. Los peces son animales acuáticos.
آبزیان
B1Los animales acuáticos viven en el agua. Incluyen peces y ballenas.
افسار
B1Una brida o cabestro utilizado para guiar a un animal. Ejemplo: El campesino ató el افسار al poste.
آغل
B1Un corral o redil para el ganado, especialmente ovejas. El pastor guarda las ovejas en el aghol.
