Esta página en tu idioma

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Français

日本語

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

Inicio
Aprender
Persa
Vocabulario
شرمنده شدن

B1 verb #4,500 más común 10 min de lectura

شرمنده شدن

sharmande shodan Top 4,500

Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos شرمنده شدن en 30 segundos

Explicación شرمنده شدن in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should learn 'sharmandeh' as a simple, polite way to say 'I'm sorry' or 'Excuse me.' You don't need to worry about the deep cultural philosophy yet. Just remember the phrase شرمنده (sharmandeh). Imagine you bump into someone on the street or you can't help someone find a location. You can just say 'Sharmandeh!' with a polite smile. It's like a more emotional version of 'Bebakhshid' (Excuse me). You will also see it when you want to say 'No' politely. If someone asks you for money or a favor and you can't do it, saying 'sharmandeh' is the best way to be nice while saying no. Focus on the sound: shar-man-deh. The 'sh' is like 'shoe,' 'ar' like 'car,' 'man' like 'man,' and 'deh' like 'dead' without the 'd'.

You might also hear شرمنده‌ام (sharmandeh-am) which means 'I am ashamed/embarrassed.' This is very common. Practice saying it when you are late for your Persian class! Your teacher will appreciate the politeness. At this level, don't worry about the past tense or complex grammar. Just use it as a fixed expression to show you are a polite person who cares about others.

Regístrate gratis para leer la explicación completa

At A2, you start using the full compound verb: شرمنده شدن (sharmandeh shodan). You should learn the past tense: شرمنده شدم (sharmandeh shodam). This is used when you realize you've made a small mistake. For example, 'I forgot to call you, sharmandeh shodam.' You are moving from just saying 'sorry' to describing how you feel. You should also learn the phrase خیلی شرمنده شدم (kheili sharmandeh shodam) which means 'I became very embarrassed/ashamed.' This adds emphasis.

Start noticing the difference between 'sharmandeh' and 'khajalat.' If you are shy to speak Persian, you are 'khajalat mikeshid.' If you forget to do your homework, you are 'sharmandeh mishid.' A2 learners should also be able to use the preposition 'az' (from/of). 'Az shoma sharmandeh shodam' (I was embarrassed before you). This is a very standard polite structure. You will hear this a lot in Iranian homes when people are offering food or gifts. It's a key part of basic Persian social interaction.

Regístrate gratis para leer la explicación completa

As a B1 learner, you are expected to understand the social nuances of شرمنده شدن. This is the level where you use it to navigate Ta'arof. You should understand that when someone says 'sharmandeh shodam' because they gave you a gift, they aren't actually sad; they are being humble. You should also learn the response: دشمنت شرمنده (doshmanet sharmandeh), which literally means 'May your enemy be ashamed.' This is how you tell someone 'Don't worry about it' or 'No need to apologize.'

You can now use the verb in different tenses, like the future: 'می‌ترسم شرمنده شوم' (I'm afraid I'll be embarrassed). You should also be able to explain *why* you are ashamed using 'ke' (that). 'Sharmandeh shodam ke natavanestam biayam' (I was ashamed that I couldn't come). This level is about connecting the emotion to the situation and using it to maintain social harmony. You're not just apologizing; you're managing your reputation and showing respect to others' expectations.

At B2, you should be comfortable using شرمنده شدن in professional and more formal settings. You understand that it's not just about a feeling, but about a 'social state.' You can use it in letters or formal emails to apologize for delays or errors. You should also start using related words like شرمندگی (sharmandegi), which is the noun 'shame' or 'embarrassment.' For example, 'Ba kamal-e sharmandegi' (With the utmost embarrassment/apology).

You should also recognize when the verb is used sarcastically or in literature. In B2, you study the nuances of tone. If someone says 'sharmandeh shodid?' with a specific intonation, they might be questioning your sincerity. You also begin to see how this verb interacts with concepts like 'aberu' (honor/reputation). To be 'sharmandeh' often means you have put your 'aberu' at risk. You can now use complex sentences like: 'Omidvaram ba in kar pish-e shoma sharmandeh nashavam' (I hope that by doing this, I won't be embarrassed in your eyes).

Regístrate gratis para leer la explicación completa

At the C1 level, you delve into the historical and literary roots of shame in Persian culture. You understand how شرمنده شدن relates to the classical concept of 'sharm' in the Shahnameh or the poetry of Saadi and Hafez. You can discuss the ethical implications of being 'sharmandeh' in a philosophical sense. You also master the most formal versions of the verb, such as شرمسار گشتن (sharmsar gashtan), which is highly literary.

You can use the verb to describe complex societal issues, such as 'sharmandegi-ye eqtesadi' (economic shame/embarrassment), which refers to a provider's inability to support their family. You understand the deep pain associated with this term in contemporary Iranian discourse. Your usage of the word is no longer just about etiquette; it's about expressing deep empathy and understanding of the Iranian social fabric. You can also use related idioms like 'ab-e roo raftan' (losing face) in conjunction with 'sharmandeh shodan' to provide a full picture of a situation.

Regístrate gratis para leer la explicación completa

At C2, your mastery of شرمنده شدن is indistinguishable from a native speaker's. You use it with perfect timing and tone in the most delicate social situations. You can navigate the most complex Ta'arof battles where multiple people are claiming to be 'sharmandeh' for various reasons. You understand the subtle difference between 'sharmandeh shodan' and 'sharmsar boodan' in legal, theological, and poetic contexts. You can write essays or give speeches that use the concept of 'sharmandegi' as a rhetorical device to evoke emotion and moral reflection.

You are aware of the regional variations in how shame is expressed across the Persian-speaking world (Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan). You can analyze how the concept has evolved from Zoroastrian ideas of 'sharm' to Islamic concepts of 'haya' and 'khajalat.' At this level, the word is a tool for cultural analysis as much as it is for communication. You can use it to describe the collective feeling of a nation or the minute, private shame of a character in a modern novel, using all the grammatical and lexical richness the Persian language offers.

Regístrate gratis para leer la explicación completa

Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

شرمنده شدن en 30 segundos

Means to feel embarrassed, ashamed, or indebted.
Used extensively in polite Persian etiquette (Ta'arof).
A compound verb formed from 'sharmandeh' + 'shodan'.
Can express both apology for a mistake and gratitude for a favor.

The Persian verb شرمنده شدن (sharmandeh shodan) is a profound linguistic window into the Iranian psyche, primarily translating to 'to feel embarrassed,' 'to be ashamed,' or 'to be put to shame.' However, its English equivalents often fail to capture the deep social and emotional weight it carries within the context of Iranian culture, particularly through the lens of Ta'arof (the complex system of Persian etiquette). In its simplest form, it describes the internal state of feeling small or apologetic due to a failure, a social gaffe, or an inability to reciprocate kindness. Unlike the English 'I'm sorry,' which can be a mere acknowledgment of a mistake, 'sharmandeh shodam' suggests a loss of face or a deep sense of indebtedness to another person. It is used when you arrive late to a meeting, when you realize you've forgotten a friend's birthday, or when someone does a favor for you that you feel you cannot possibly repay. It is the verbalization of the weight of social expectation.

Social Function: It serves as a social lubricant, signaling to the other party that you recognize your shortcoming or the magnitude of their generosity, thereby maintaining the balance of respect.

In Iranian society, the concept of 'sharm' (shame) is closely tied to honor and public perception. When you say you have become 'sharmandeh,' you are essentially saying that your current state is one of diminished standing because of an action or inaction. This is why you will hear it frequently in marketplaces. If a customer asks for a discount that a shopkeeper cannot provide, the shopkeeper might say, 'Sharmandeh-am' (I am ashamed/embarrassed), meaning 'I feel bad that I cannot meet your request.' This softens the blow of the refusal, turning a potentially negative interaction into a polite exchange of mutual respect.

وقتی هدیه گران‌قیمت شما را دیدم، واقعاً شرمنده شدم.
(When I saw your expensive gift, I truly felt embarrassed/ashamed [by your generosity].)

Furthermore, the verb is used in more serious contexts involving moral or ethical failures. If someone is caught in a lie, they might say 'sharmandeh shodam' to express genuine remorse. It implies a recognition that one has violated a communal trust. In literature and poetry, this verb often appears when a protagonist realizes their hubris or when a lover feels they have not been worthy of their beloved's devotion. It is a verb of humility, vulnerability, and the constant negotiation of one's place within a group. Whether it is used for a minor etiquette slip or a major life regret, 'sharmandeh shodan' remains one of the most essential verbs for anyone wishing to navigate Persian social life with grace and understanding.

Emotional Range: Spans from 'oops, my bad' to 'I have deeply dishonored myself and you.'

او به خاطر دروغی که گفت پیش خانواده‌اش شرمنده شد.
(He became ashamed in front of his family because of the lie he told.)

Grammatically, شرمنده شدن is a compound verb consisting of the adjective/participle 'sharmandeh' (ashamed/embarrassed) and the auxiliary verb 'shodan' (to become). To use it effectively, you must be comfortable with the conjugation of 'shodan' in various tenses. Because it describes a state of being that one enters, the past tense 'shodam' (I became) is frequently used even when the English equivalent might use the present 'I am.' For example, if you realize you made a mistake right now, you would say 'sharmandeh shodam' to indicate the moment you entered that state of embarrassment.

Past Tense Conjugation: sharmandeh shodam (I became ashamed), sharmandeh shodi (you became), sharmandeh shod (he/she/it became)...

The preposition often associated with this verb is از (az), meaning 'from' or 'of.' You are 'sharmandeh' *from* something or someone. For instance, 'az shoma sharmandeh shodam' literally means 'I became ashamed from you,' but translates to 'I felt embarrassed in front of you' or 'I am indebted to you.' Another common preposition is پیش (pish), which means 'in front of' or 'before.' This is used to emphasize the social visibility of the embarrassment: 'pish-e doostam sharmandeh shodam' (I was embarrassed in front of my friend).

ببخشید که دیر آمدم، واقعاً از شما شرمنده شدم.
(Sorry I came late, I truly felt embarrassed before you.)

In the future tense, it is used to express a hypothetical or certain future embarrassment: 'Agar naram, sharmandeh misham' (If I don't go, I will be embarrassed). In the present continuous, it's less common but possible if a situation is unfolding that is causing ongoing embarrassment. The imperative 'sharmandeh nasho' (don't be embarrassed) is a common way to reassure someone who is apologizing. It translates to 'Don't worry about it' or 'No need to feel bad.' Understanding these nuances allows a learner to move beyond simple translations and start using the word with the emotional intelligence required in Persian-speaking environments.

Common Pattern: [Subject] + [Prepositional Phrase] + [sharmandeh] + [conjugated shodan].

او می‌ترسید که در مسابقه بازنده و شرمنده شود.
(He was afraid that he would lose the race and be put to shame.)

You will hear شرمنده شدن in almost every corner of Iranian life, from the most casual street interactions to the highest levels of political and formal discourse. In the bazaar, it is the standard 'polite refusal.' If you ask a vendor for a price that is too low, they won't just say 'No'; they will say, 'Agha/Khanom, sharmandeh!' accompanied by a slight tilt of the head. This signifies that they would love to help you, but the constraints of business make it impossible. In this context, it functions as a shield against the perceived rudeness of a direct 'No.'

Marketplace Usage: A polite way to say 'I can't do that' or 'I'm out of stock.'

In family settings, it is the language of hospitality. If a guest arrives and the host hasn't prepared a lavish meal, the host will repeatedly say, 'Sharmandeh shodim' (We were embarrassed/put to shame), meaning 'We feel bad that we haven't provided enough for you.' The guest, in turn, will reply with 'In che harfieh?' (What kind of talk is this?) or 'Doshmanet sharmandeh bashe' (May your enemy be the one who is ashamed), a common idiom used to deflect the apology and restore the host's honor.

مهمان‌ها سرزده آمدند و ما چون چیزی در خانه نداشتیم شرمنده شدیم.
(The guests came unexpectedly, and because we had nothing in the house, we felt embarrassed.)

In professional environments, it is used when deadlines are missed or errors are made. A subordinate might say to their boss, 'Sharmandeh-am ke gozaresh dir shod' (I am embarrassed/ashamed that the report was late). This shows a level of personal accountability that goes beyond professional duty; it frames the delay as a personal failure to respect the boss's time. You will also find it in Persian cinema and TV dramas, often at the climax of a story where a character realizes the harm they've caused to their loved ones. The weight of the word in these scenes is palpable, often accompanied by tears or a bowed head, symbolizing the internal collapse of the character's pride.

Media Context: Used for dramatic emotional realizations and expressions of deep regret in movies.

وقتی فهمید اشتباه کرده، جلوی همه شرمنده شد.
(When he realized he had made a mistake, he was put to shame in front of everyone.)

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using شرمنده شدن interchangeably with 'khajalat keshidan' (خجالت کشیدن). While both can translate to 'to be embarrassed,' they have different flavors. 'Khajalat keshidan' often refers to shyness or a mild, awkward embarrassment (like being complimented or tripping in public). 'Sharmandeh shodan' is heavier, more social, and often involves a sense of duty or moral failure. You 'khajalat' because you are shy; you 'sharmandeh' because you failed someone or were overwhelmed by their kindness.

Mistake 1: Using it for simple shyness. For 'I am shy,' use 'khajalati hastam' or 'khajalat mikosham,' not 'sharmandeh shodam.'

Another common error is forgetting that 'sharmandeh' is the adjective part of a compound verb. Some learners try to use it as a standalone verb without 'shodan' or 'hastan' (to be). While 'sharmandeh!' can be an exclamation, in a full sentence, you need the auxiliary. Also, be careful with the intensity. Saying 'sharmandeh shodam' for a tiny, insignificant thing might sound overly dramatic or even sarcastic if not paired with the right tone. It's a 'heavy' word; use it when you want to show genuine concern for the other person's feelings.

❌ من خیلی شرمنده هستم که تو زیبا هستی.
✅ من خجالت می‌کشم وقتی از من تعریف می‌کنی.
(Don't use 'sharmandeh' for being shy about a compliment.)

Learners also sometimes confuse 'sharmandeh shodan' with 'gonahkar boodan' (to be guilty). While shame and guilt are related, 'sharmandeh' is about the social state of being ashamed, whereas 'gonahkar' is the legal or religious state of having committed a sin or crime. You might be 'sharmandeh' for a mistake that isn't a 'gonah' (sin) at all. Lastly, watch out for the pronunciation. The 'sh' is soft, and the 'n' should be clear. Mispronouncing it as 'sharmandeh shodan' (with a hard 'd') is common but easily fixed with practice.

Mistake 2: Confusing it with 'gonah' (sin/guilt). Shame is social; guilt is moral/legal.

❌ او شرمنده شد چون دزدی کرد.
✅ او به خاطر دزدی گناهکار شناخته شد و شرمنده شد.
(He was found guilty and *then* felt ashamed.)

Persian is a language rich in synonyms for emotional states, and 'sharmandeh shodan' has several alternatives depending on the intensity and context. The most common alternative is خجالت کشیدن (khajalat keshidan). As mentioned, this is more for shyness or minor embarrassment. If you trip on the street, you 'khajalat mikeshid.' If you forget your mother's birthday, you 'sharmandeh mishid.' Knowing which one to use makes you sound much more native.

Comparison: Sharmandeh vs. Khajalat: Sharmandeh = Social debt, failure of duty, deep regret.
Khajalat = Shyness, awkwardness, social discomfort.

For a more formal or poetic register, you might use سرافکنده شدن (sarafkandeh shodan), which literally means 'to have one's head cast down.' This is a very strong way to express shame, often used when someone has failed their family or country. It evokes a powerful visual of someone unable to look others in the eye. Another intense term is روسیاه شدن (roosiyah shodan), literally 'to become black-faced.' This historical idiom refers to a time when criminals had their faces blackened as a mark of shame. Today, it means to be utterly disgraced or to have failed a major test of character.

با این شکست، او پیش مربی‌اش سرافکنده شد.
(With this defeat, he was cast down/ashamed before his coach.)

In very casual speech, younger Iranians might use 'konf shodan' (کنف شدن), which means to be 'shut down' or 'embarrassed' in a more humorous or slangy way—like when you make a joke that nobody laughs at. This is the opposite of 'sharmandeh shodan' in terms of register; while 'sharmandeh' is respectful and serious, 'konf' is lighthearted and informal. Finally, منفعل شدن (monfa'el shodan) can sometimes be used in academic or psychological contexts to describe a state of being passive or overwhelmed by emotion, including shame, though it's less common in daily conversation.

Comparison: Sharmandeh vs. Konf: Sharmandeh = 'I am so sorry I failed you.'
Konf = 'Wow, I just looked like an idiot.'

جلوی دوستانش کنف شد چون جواب سوال را نمی‌دانست.
(He was embarrassed/shut down in front of his friends because he didn't know the answer.)

How Formal Is It?

Dato curioso

The suffix '-andeh' is the same one found in 'parandeh' (flyer/bird) and 'nevisandeh' (writer). So 'sharmandeh' literally means 'the one who is feeling shame.'

Guía de pronunciación

UK /ʃærmænˈde ʃoˈdæn/

US /ʃɑːrmænˈdeɪ ʃoʊˈdɑːn/

The primary stress in 'sharmandeh' is on the last syllable '-deh'. In 'shodan', it is on the last syllable '-dan'.

Rima con

parandeh (bird) darandeh (predator) tabandeh (shining) khandeh (laughter) mandeh (stayed) rande (driven) khande (read) zendeh (alive)

Errores comunes

Pronouncing 'sharmandeh' as 'sharmandee' (long 'i' sound).
Stress on the first syllable 'shar-'.
Merging the two words into one without a slight pause.
Pronouncing 'shodan' as 'shoodan' (long 'u').
Missing the 'n' in 'sharmandeh'.

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the root 'sharm'.

Escritura 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the 'h' at the end of sharmandeh.

Expresión oral 5/5

Difficult to master the correct cultural timing and Ta'arof context.

Escucha 3/5

Commonly heard, usually easy to pick out in conversation.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

شرم شدن خجالت ببخشید لطف

Aprende después

آبرو سرافکنده معذرت‌خواهی جبران کردن حیا

Avanzado

ساحت وجدان مصلحت وقاحت انفعال

Gramática que debes saber

Compound Verbs with 'Shodan'

شرمنده + شدن = To become ashamed.

The Preposition 'Az'

من از او شرمنده شدم. (I was ashamed before/of him.)

Subjunctive Mood

نمی‌خواهم شرمنده بشوم. (I don't want to become ashamed.)

Past Participle as Adjective

مردِ شرمنده (The ashamed man).

Causative with 'Sakhtan'

او مرا شرمنده ساخت. (He made me ashamed.)

Regístrate gratis para leer la explicación completa

Ejemplos por nivel

شرمنده، من پول ندارم.

Ashamed, I don't have money.

Shortened 'sharmandeh' used as a polite 'I'm sorry'.

ببخشید، واقعاً شرمنده شدم.

Excuse me, I truly became ashamed.

Compound verb in simple past tense.

شرمنده، آدرس را نمی‌دانم.

Ashamed, I don't know the address.

Used as a polite refusal/inability.

او شرمنده شد.

He became ashamed.

Third person singular, past tense.

ما شرمنده شدیم.

We became ashamed.

First person plural, past tense.

شرمنده، وقت ندارم.

Ashamed, I don't have time.

Polite way to decline an invitation.

آیا شما شرمنده شدید؟

Did you become ashamed?

Question form in past tense.

شرمنده، ماشین ندارم.

Ashamed, I don't have a car.

Polite excuse.

من از شما خیلی شرمنده شدم.

I became very ashamed from you (before you).

Uses 'az' preposition for the person one is ashamed before.

او به خاطر تاخیر شرمنده شد.

He became ashamed because of the delay.

Uses 'be khater-e' (because of) to show cause.

چرا شرمنده شدی؟

Why did you become ashamed?

Informal second person singular question.

اصلاً شرمنده نشو!

Don't be ashamed at all!

Negative imperative form.

آن‌ها از رفتار خود شرمنده شدند.

They became ashamed of their behavior.

Plural subject with reflexive 'khod'.

من همیشه پیش تو شرمنده می‌شوم.

I always become ashamed in front of you.

Present habitual tense with 'misham'.

او کمی شرمنده شد.

He became a little ashamed.

Adverb 'kami' (a little) modifying the state.

شما نباید شرمنده شوید.

You should not become ashamed.

Modal 'nabayad' (should not) with subjunctive.

وقتی هدیه‌تان را دیدم، واقعاً شرمنده شدم.

When I saw your gift, I truly felt embarrassed (by your kindness).

Ta'arof usage: shame as gratitude.

او شرمنده شد که نتوانست به قولی که داده بود عمل کند.

He was ashamed that he couldn't fulfill the promise he had made.

Relative clause starting with 'ke'.

اگر به مهمانی نیایم، پیش میزبان شرمنده می‌شوم.

If I don't come to the party, I'll be embarrassed in front of the host.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

دشمنت شرمنده باشد، این چه حرفی است؟

May your enemy be ashamed; what kind of talk is this?

Standard idiomatic response to an apology.

او با دیدن نمراتش پیش پدرش شرمنده شد.

By seeing his grades, he was ashamed in front of his father.

Gerund-like structure 'ba didan-e' (by seeing).

ما از اینکه نتوانستیم پذیرایی خوبی کنیم، شرمنده شدیم.

We were ashamed that we couldn't provide good hospitality.

Using 'az inke' (from the fact that).

شرمنده نشوید، شما کار بزرگی انجام دادید.

Don't be ashamed; you did a great job.

Polite negative imperative.

او هر بار که مرا می‌بیند، شرمنده می‌شود.

Every time he sees me, he feels embarrassed (due to a past event).

Temporal clause 'har bar ke'.

مدیر به دلیل اشتباهات شرکت، در مقابل سهامداران شرمنده شد.

The manager, due to the company's mistakes, was put to shame before the shareholders.

Formal register with 'dar moqabel-e' (in front of/against).

او نگران بود که مبادا در امتحان رد و شرمنده شود.

He was worried lest he fail the exam and be put to shame.

Use of 'mabada' (lest/heaven forbid) with subjunctive.

با کمال شرمندگی باید بگویم که پروژه هنوز آماده نیست.

With complete embarrassment, I must say the project isn't ready yet.

Noun form 'sharmandegi' used in a formal apology.

او نمی‌خواست پیش دوستانش شرمنده و سرافکنده شود.

He didn't want to be embarrassed and cast down before his friends.

Pairing 'sharmandeh' with 'sarafkandeh' for emphasis.

این شکست باعث شد که تمام اعضای تیم شرمنده شوند.

This defeat caused all team members to be put to shame.

Causative structure 'ba'es shod ke'.

او چنان شرمنده شد که دیگر به آنجا برنگشت.

He became so ashamed that he never returned there.

Result clause 'chonan... ke'.

شرمنده شدن در ملاء عام برای او بسیار سخت بود.

Being put to shame in public was very hard for him.

Infinitive as a subject.

امیدوارم هیچ پدری پیش فرزندانش شرمنده نشود.

I hope no father is ever put to shame before his children.

Social/Economic context of shame.

نویسنده در کتابش از اینکه نتوانسته حق مطلب را ادا کند، ابراز شرمندگی کرد.

The author, in his book, expressed embarrassment for not being able to do the subject justice.

Formal expression 'ebraz-e sharmandegi kardan'.

او در پیشگاه وجدان خود شرمنده گشت.

He became ashamed in the presence of his own conscience.

Literary auxiliary 'gashtan' instead of 'shodan'.

فرهنگ ایرانی چنان با حیا گره خورده که شرمنده شدن یک رکن اخلاقی است.

Iranian culture is so tied to modesty that being ashamed is a moral pillar.

Complex analytical sentence.

او از اینکه در جوانی به والدینش بی‌احترامی کرده بود، عمری شرمنده بود.

He was ashamed for a lifetime because he had disrespected his parents in his youth.

Past perfect in the 'ke' clause.

شرمساری و شرمنده شدن، بن‌مایه بسیاری از تراژدی‌های کلاسیک است.

Shame and being put to shame are the themes of many classic tragedies.

Using 'sharmsari' as a synonym.

او با وقاحت تمام رفتار کرد و هیچ‌گاه شرمنده نشد.

He acted with total impudence and was never ashamed.

Contrasting with 'veqahat' (impudence).

در ادبیات عرفانی، بنده همیشه در پیشگاه خداوند شرمنده است.

In mystical literature, the servant is always ashamed before God.

Context of religious humility.

او از ترس شرمنده شدن، از پذیرش مسئولیت خودداری کرد.

Out of fear of being put to shame, he refused to accept responsibility.

Compound noun 'tars-e sharmandeh shodan'.

تجلی شرم در چهره‌اش چنان بود که گویی تمام کائنات شاهد شرمندگی اوست.

The manifestation of shame on his face was such as if the entire universe were witnessing his embarrassment.

Highly poetic/literary structure.

او میان دوراهی حقیقت و مصلحت، در نهایت شرمنده وجدان خویش شد.

Between the crossroads of truth and expediency, he ultimately became ashamed before his own conscience.

Advanced vocabulary (maslahat, do-rahi).

شرمنده شدن در ساحتِ عشق، نه مایه سرافکندگی که نشانه کمال است.

Being ashamed in the realm of love is not a cause for disgrace but a sign of perfection.

Philosophical paradox.

تاریخ قضاوت خواهد کرد که چه کسانی در پیشگاه ملت شرمنده شدند.

History will judge who was put to shame before the nation.

Political/Historical rhetoric.

او با سکوتی پرمعنا، حریف را از گفته‌هایش شرمنده ساخت.

With a meaningful silence, he made the opponent ashamed of his words.

Causative 'sharmandeh sakhtan'.

در آن لحظه بحرانی، او ترجیح داد بمیرد اما شرمنده خانواده‌اش نشود.

In that critical moment, he preferred to die rather than be put to shame before his family.

Contrastive 'tarjih dad... ama'.

شرمندگی او نه از سرِ ترس، بلکه ناشی از درکی عمیق از خطایش بود.

His embarrassment was not out of fear, but rather stemmed from a deep understanding of his mistake.

Structure 'na az sar-e... balke nashi az'.

او در هزارتوی شرمندگی خویش محبوس گشته بود.

He had become imprisoned in the labyrinth of his own shame.

Metaphorical usage.

Colocaciones comunes

واقعاً شرمنده شدن

پیش کسی شرمنده شدن

از رفتار خود شرمنده شدن

به خاطر چیزی شرمنده شدن

سخت شرمنده شدن

شرمنده و سرافکنده

شرمنده اخلاق کسی شدن

تا ابد شرمنده شدن

بیشتر شرمنده کردن

دلیل شرمنده شدن

Frases Comunes

شرمنده، دستم خالیه

— I'm embarrassed/sorry, but I have no money (to give or lend).

گدا پول خواست و او گفت: شرمنده، دستم خالیه.

شرمنده، جا نداریم

— Sorry, we have no room/space (in a restaurant or car).

صاحب مسافرخانه گفت: شرمنده، جا نداریم.

شرمنده، دیر شد

— Sorry for being late.

وقتی به جلسه رسید گفت: شرمنده، دیر شد.

واقعاً شرمنده‌ام کردید

— You've truly made me feel embarrassed (by your kindness).

بعد از گرفتن هدیه گفت: واقعاً شرمنده‌ام کردید.

شرمنده، نمی‌توانم

— Sorry, I can't (do what you asked).

او درخواست وام کرد اما دوستش گفت: شرمنده، نمی‌توانم.

شرمنده به توان دو

— Extremely embarrassed (slangy/humorous way to double the shame).

دوباره اشتباه کردم، شرمنده به توان دو!

شرمنده، اشتباه شد

— Sorry, a mistake was made.

وقتی شماره غلط گرفت گفت: شرمنده، اشتباه شد.

شرمنده، تمام کردیم

— Sorry, we are sold out/out of stock.

نانوا گفت: شرمنده، نان تمام کردیم.

شرمنده، راه ندارد

— Sorry, there's no way (to do that/to give a discount).

مشتری تخفیف خواست و فروشنده گفت: شرمنده، راه ندارد.

شرمنده، مزاحم شدم

— Sorry for bothering/disturbing you.

آخر شب زنگ زد و گفت: شرمنده، مزاحم شدم.

Se confunde a menudo con

شرمنده شدن vs خجالت کشیدن

Khajalat is for shyness; Sharmandeh is for social/moral failure.

شرمنده شدن vs معذرت خواستن

Ma'zerat khastan is the act of asking for an apology; Sharmandeh shodan is the feeling of shame.

شرمنده شدن vs پشیمان شدن

Pashiman shodan means to regret an action, while sharmandeh is about the social shame resulting from it.

Modismos y expresiones

"دشمنت شرمنده باشد"

— May your enemy be ashamed (the standard reply to 'sharmandeh shodam').

وقتی عذرخواهی کرد، گفتم: دشمنت شرمنده باشد.

neutral/polite

"شرمنده اخلاق ورزشی"

— Being ashamed in the context of sportsmanship/fair play.

او با اینکه باخت، گفت شرمنده اخلاق ورزشی هستم.

informal/sports

"آب شدن و توی زمین رفتن"

— To melt and go into the ground (from extreme shame).

وقتی رازش فاش شد، از خجالت آب شد و توی زمین رفت.

informal

"عرق شرم بر پیشانی نشستن"

— Sweat of shame sitting on the forehead.

از شدت خجالت، عرق شرم بر پیشانی‌اش نشست.

literary

"کلاه خود را قاضی کردن"

— To make one's hat the judge (to reflect and feel ashamed of one's actions).

کلاهت را قاضی کن، ببین شرمنده نیستی؟

idiomatic

"سر به زیر بودن"

— To be head-down (modest or ashamed).

او همیشه سر به زیر و شرمنده است.

neutral

"روی حرف کسی حرف نزدن"

— Not to speak over someone's word (to avoid making them 'sharmandeh').

من روی حرف شما حرف نمی‌زنم که شرمنده نشوم.

polite

"بیشتر از این ما را شرمنده نکنید"

— Don't make us more ashamed (stop giving us gifts/compliments).

وقتی دوباره هدیه آورد، گفتیم: بیشتر از این ما را شرمنده نکنید.

polite/Ta'arof

"شرمنده زن و بچه شدن"

— To be ashamed before one's wife and children (due to financial failure).

او سخت کار می‌کرد تا شرمنده زن و بچه‌اش نشود.

social/emotional

"روی سیاه، نام ننگ"

— Black face, shameful name (extreme disgrace).

خیانت او باعث روی سیاه و نام ننگش شد.

literary

Fácil de confundir

شرمنده شدن vs شرمسار

Looks and sounds similar.

Sharmsar is more literary and often implies a deeper, more permanent state of shame.

او یک عمر شرمسارِ کارهایش بود.

شرمنده شدن vs خجالتی

Both relate to embarrassment.

Khajalati is a personality trait (shy), whereas sharmandeh is a temporary state.

او پسر خجالتی‌ای است.

شرمنده شدن vs گناهکار

Shame and guilt are related.

Gonahkar means you have committed a sin/crime; you can be sharmandeh without being a criminal.

او گناهکار شناخته شد.

شرمنده شدن vs سرافکنده

Both mean ashamed.

Sarafkandeh is more visual and dramatic, literally meaning 'head-cast-down'.

او سرافکنده به شهر برگشت.

شرمنده شدن vs کنف

Both involve embarrassment.

Konf is slang for being made to look silly; sharmandeh is respectful and serious.

حسابی کنف شد.

Patrones de oraciones

شرمنده + [Reason]

شرمنده، پول ندارم.

من + از شما + شرمنده شدم

من از شما شرمنده شدم.

[Subject] + به خاطر + [Noun] + شرمنده شد

علی به خاطر دروغش شرمنده شد.

واقعاً + شرمنده + [Pronoun Ending]

واقعاً شرمنده‌ام.

با کمال شرمندگی + [Clause]

با کمال شرمندگی باید بروم.

امیدوارم + [Subject] + شرمنده + نشود

امیدوارم او شرمنده نشود.

[Subject] + در پیشگاهِ + [Noun] + شرمنده گشت

او در پیشگاه وجدان شرمنده گشت.

تجلیِ شرمندگی در + [Noun]

تجلی شرمندگی در نگاهش پیدا بود.

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

شرم (shame)

شرمندگی (embarrassment)

شرمساری (disgrace)

Verbos

شرمیدن (to feel shame - archaic)

شرمسار کردن (to make someone ashamed)

Adjetivos

شرمنده (ashamed)

شرمسار (shameful)

شرمگین (shy/ashamed)

بی‌شرم (shameless)

Relacionado

حیا (modesty)

خجالت (embarrassment)

عزت نفس (self-esteem)

آبرو (honor)

تقصیر (fault)

Regístrate gratis para ver todos los ejemplos

Cómo usarlo

frequency

Extremely high in daily Persian speech.

Errores comunes

Using 'sharmandeh' for being shy about a compliment. → Use 'khajalat mikosham'.
Sharmandeh is too heavy for simple shyness; it implies a failure or debt.
Saying 'Man sharmandeh' without an auxiliary verb. → Man sharmandeh shodam / hastam.
Persian requires the verb to complete the thought in a full sentence.
Using it for legal guilt. → Man gonahkaram.
Sharmandeh is social/emotional; gonahkar is legal/religious.
Pronouncing the last 'e' as 'ee'. → sharmandeh (short e).
Mispronouncing the final vowel can make the word unrecognizable.
Using it sarcastically without knowing. → Be careful with your tone.
If said too loudly or sharply, it can sound like you don't care at all.

Consejos

The Ta'arof Shield

Use 'sharmandeh' to say 'No' without being blunt. It preserves the other person's feelings and your reputation.

The Auxiliary Verb

Always remember that 'sharmandeh' is an adjective. You need 'shodan' (to become) or 'hastan' (to be) to make it a verb.

The Silent H

The 'h' at the end of 'sharmandeh' is a 'he-ye jami', meaning it sounds like a short 'e'. Don't pronounce it as a hard 'h'.

Synonym Choice

Choose 'sharmandeh' for social failures and 'khajalat' for personal shyness. This distinction is key for B1 learners.

Accepting Kindness

When someone gives you a big gift, say 'sharmandeh shodam.' It's the standard way to show you are overwhelmed by their generosity.

Workplace Apologies

If you miss a deadline, 'sharmandeh-am' sounds more sincere and personal than a dry 'bebakhshid'.

The Enemy Response

Memorize 'Doshmanet sharmandeh.' It makes you sound incredibly native and culturally fluent when responding to an apology.

Showing Empathy

Use 'sharmandeh' when a friend tells you about a problem you can't solve. It shows you share their pain.

Spelling Check

Ensure you use 'sh' (ش) and 'r' (ر) and 'm' (م) correctly. The word has no 'vaw' (و) despite the 'o' sound in some dialects.

Bazaar Listening

Next time you are in a Persian shop (or watching a video of one), count how many times the seller says 'sharmandeh'.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of a 'SHARM' (charm) that you lost, making you feel 'MAN-DEH' (man-down/low). When you lose your charm, you become sharmandeh.

Asociación visual

Imagine a person standing in front of a mirror, unable to look at their own reflection, while their shadow grows larger and darker.

Word Web

Social Face Apology Ta'arof Embarrassment Gratitude Regret Humility Honor

Desafío

Try to use 'sharmandeh' in three different ways today: once to apologize for a small thing, once to say 'no' to a request, and once to thank someone for being very kind.

Origen de la palabra

Derived from the Middle Persian word 'sharm' (shame) + the suffix '-andeh' (which creates a present participle/adjective).

Significado original: The root 'sharm' is related to the Avestan 'fsharma', meaning 'shame' or 'modesty'.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

Contexto cultural

Be careful not to over-apologize to the point of appearing insincere. While 'sharmandeh' is polite, using it for every single breath can feel like empty Ta'arof.

English speakers often find 'sharmandeh' too strong because 'ashamed' sounds like a major moral failing, but in Persian, it's used for small things like being late.

The concept of 'sharm' in the Shahnameh Modern Iranian films like 'A Separation' where social shame is a central theme Persian classical poetry by Saadi on the virtues of humility.

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Arriving late

شرمنده که منتظرت گذاشتم
ببخشید، واقعاً شرمنده شدم
ترافیک بود، شرمنده
خیلی شرمنده‌ام که دیر شد

Receiving a gift

چرا زحمت کشیدید؟ شرمنده شدم
واقعاً شرمنده‌ام کردید
این هدیه خیلی زیباتر از آن است که لایقش باشم، شرمنده شدم
بیشتر از این ما را شرمنده نکنید

Declining a request

شرمنده، الان مقدور نیست
واقعاً شرمنده‌ام که نمی‌توانم کمکت کنم
شرمنده، دستم بنده
شرمنده، راه ندارد

Making a mistake at work

شرمنده که گزارش اشتباه شد
از بابت این خطا واقعاً شرمنده شدم
سعی می‌کنم جبران کنم، شرمنده
پیش رئیس شرمنده شدم

Forgetting an event

شرمنده که تولدت را فراموش کردم
واقعاً از یادم رفت، شرمنده شدم
چقدر بد شد، خیلی شرمنده‌ام
امیدوارم مرا ببخشی، شرمنده شدم

Inicios de conversación

"تا حالا شده جلوی کسی خیلی شرمنده بشی؟"

"به نظرت شرمنده شدن نشانه ضعفه یا ادب؟"

"آخرین باری که از کسی شرمنده شدی کی بود؟"

"در فرهنگ شما، وقتی کسی شرمنده می‌شه چی می‌گه؟"

"چطوری می‌شه از شرمندگی در اومد؟"

Temas para diario

درباره زمانی بنویسید که به خاطر یک اشتباه کوچک، خیلی شرمنده شدید.

آیا تا به حال کسی با لطف زیادش شما را شرمنده کرده است؟ توصیف کنید.

تفاوت بین خجالت کشیدن و شرمنده شدن را از نظر خودتان بنویسید.

چرا در فرهنگ ایرانی، شرمنده شدن اینقدر مهم است؟

اگر کسی به شما بگوید 'شرمنده'، شما چه جوابی به او می‌دهید؟

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

No, in the context of Ta'arof, it is often positive. It shows you are grateful for someone's kindness and feel you cannot repay them, which is a sign of respect.

Yes, it is very appropriate. It shows you take personal responsibility for a mistake and respect their authority.

'Sharmandeh-am' means 'I am ashamed' (current state), while 'sharmandeh shodam' means 'I became ashamed' (focusing on the moment the feeling started). Both are used similarly.

The most common and polite response is 'Doshmanet sharmandeh' (May your enemy be ashamed). You can also say 'In che harfieh?' (What kind of talk is this?) to dismiss their apology.

Yes, it is used in Dari Persian as well, with very similar meanings of shame and embarrassment.

Yes, a quick 'sharmandeh' or 'sharmandeh-am' is a very polite way to apologize for a small physical accident.

Actually, it's the *best* thing to say. It softens the refusal and shows you feel bad that you can't help.

Not exactly. Guilt is 'gonah'. Shame is 'sharm'. You feel 'sharmandeh' when you fail a social expectation, even if it's not a crime.

It's neutral. It can be used in very informal slang (sharmandeh-tim) or very formal letters (sharmandegi-ye in-janeb).

Yes, though they might use 'khajalat' more often. Parents often tell kids 'sharmandeh nashodi?' to teach them to feel bad about a mistake.

Regístrate gratis para ver consejos y notas