क्षुब्ध en 30 segundos
- Kshubdh is a formal Hindi adjective meaning 'agitated' or 'disturbed'.
- It comes from Sanskrit and is used for both emotions and nature.
- It is common in news, literature, and formal speeches to show unrest.
- It is more serious than 'pareshan' and implies a deep loss of peace.
The Hindi word क्षुब्ध (Kshubdh) is a sophisticated adjective that translates primarily to 'agitated', 'disturbed', or 'perturbed' in English. It is derived from the Sanskrit root क्षुभ् (kshubh), which signifies motion, shaking, or disturbance. In modern Hindi, it is a CEFR B1 level word, meaning it is common in literature, news, and formal conversations but might be replaced by simpler words like 'pareshan' (troubled) or 'gussa' (angry) in very casual daily speech. However, क्षुब्ध carries a specific weight; it implies a deep internal unrest or a physical turbulence that is visible and significant. It is not just a fleeting annoyance; it is a state of being shaken by an event, a thought, or an external force.
- Emotional State
- When a person is described as क्षुब्ध, it suggests they are emotionally rattled. This could be due to an injustice, a shocking piece of news, or a personal betrayal. For instance, a citizen might feel क्षुब्ध after seeing corruption in the system.
उनकी बातों से मेरा मन अत्यंत क्षुब्ध हो गया। (My mind became extremely agitated by their words.)
- Physical Environment
- The word is also used to describe natural elements, particularly bodies of water. A क्षुब्ध सागर (agitated ocean) refers to a sea with high, crashing waves and stormy conditions.
तूफान के कारण समुद्र क्षुब्ध था। (The sea was agitated because of the storm.)
In political and social discourse, you will frequently hear this word in news headlines. For example, 'जनता सरकार के निर्णय से क्षुब्ध है' (The public is agitated by the government's decision). Here, it captures the collective unrest and dissatisfaction of a group. It is a powerful word for writers and orators who wish to evoke a sense of serious concern and emotional disturbance. Understanding क्षुब्ध allows a learner to grasp the nuance of Hindi literature where internal turmoil is a common theme.
वह अपनी असफलता से क्षुब्ध होकर कमरे से बाहर चला गया। (He went out of the room, agitated by his failure.)
- Register and Tone
- It is a Tatsama word (derived directly from Sanskrit), which inherently gives it a formal and literary tone. You won't hear teenagers using it while playing video games, but you will find it in a Prime Minister's speech or a classic Hindi novel by Premchand.
समाज में बढ़ती हिंसा को देखकर हर नागरिक क्षुब्ध है। (Every citizen is agitated seeing the rising violence in society.)
अन्याय के विरुद्ध क्षुब्ध होना स्वाभाविक है। (It is natural to be agitated against injustice.)
Using क्षुब्ध (Kshubdh) correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as an adjective. It typically modifies a noun (like 'man' - mind, or 'sagar' - ocean) or functions as a predicative adjective following a linking verb like 'hona' (to be) or 'karna' (to make). Because it is a formal word, it is often paired with intensifiers like 'atyant' (extremely) or 'bahut' (very) to emphasize the level of agitation.
- As a Predicative Adjective
- This is the most common usage. The structure is: [Subject] + [Reason/Cause] + क्षुब्ध + [Verb 'hona']. For example: 'Rohan news sunkar kshubdh ho gaya' (Rohan became agitated after hearing the news).
वह अपने अपमान से क्षुब्ध थी। (She was agitated by her insult.)
- Modifying a Noun
- When used directly before a noun, it describes the state of that noun. 'Kshubdh man' (An agitated mind) or 'Kshubdh jantantr' (An agitated democracy). This usage is highly literary and poetic.
क्षुब्ध लहरें तट से टकरा रही थीं। (The agitated waves were crashing against the shore.)
In complex sentences, क्षुब्ध can be used with the postposition 'se' (from/by) to indicate the source of the agitation. 'Bhrashtachar se kshubdh...' (Agitated by corruption...). It can also be used with 'karke' to show an action performed in an agitated state, though this is less common than the simple adjective form.
शिक्षक छात्रों के व्यवहार से क्षुब्ध होकर कक्षा से चले गए। (The teacher, becoming agitated by the students' behavior, left the class.)
- Causative Usage
- While 'kshubdh hona' is 'to be agitated', 'kshubdh karna' is 'to agitate [someone]'. Example: 'Usne mujhe kshubdh kar diya' (He made me agitated).
झूठी खबरों ने पूरे शहर को क्षुब्ध कर दिया है। (Fake news has agitated the entire city.)
क्या तुम इस स्थिति से क्षुब्ध नहीं हो? (Are you not agitated by this situation?)
While you might not hear क्षुब्ध (Kshubdh) at a grocery store, it is a staple of several specific domains of Indian life. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word when it appears. It is a word that signals seriousness, depth, and often, a call for change or reflection.
- 1. News and Journalism
- Hindi news anchors and newspaper headlines use क्षुब्ध to describe public outrage or the reaction of political figures. If a community is protesting, the reporter might say, 'Ghatna se poora ilaka kshubdh hai' (The whole area is agitated by the incident).
समाचार पत्र ने लिखा कि जनता बढ़ती महंगाई से क्षुब्ध है। (The newspaper wrote that the public is agitated by rising inflation.)
- 2. Literature and Poetry
- In Hindi literature (Sahitya), क्षुब्ध is used to describe the inner turmoil of a protagonist. Poets use it to personify nature—describing a 'kshubdh akash' (agitated sky) before a storm, mirroring the character's internal state.
कवि ने अपने काव्य में क्षुब्ध हृदय की पीड़ा व्यक्त की है। (The poet has expressed the pain of an agitated heart in his poetry.)
- 3. Formal Debates and Speeches
- In the Indian Parliament (Sansad) or in courtrooms, lawyers and politicians use this word to express high-level dissatisfaction. It sounds more dignified than saying they are 'gussa' (angry).
न्यायाधीश ने अभियुक्त के व्यवहार पर क्षुब्ध प्रतिक्रिया दी। (The judge gave an agitated reaction to the accused's behavior.)
- 4. Psychological and Philosophical Texts
- Texts discussing mental health or spiritual peace often use क्षुब्ध to describe a mind that is not in a state of 'samadhi' or 'shanti'. It is the state of being 'vikal' (restless).
ध्यान का उद्देश्य क्षुब्ध मन को शांत करना है। (The purpose of meditation is to calm the agitated mind.)
क्या आप इस आधुनिक युग की भागदौड़ से क्षुब्ध हैं? (Are you agitated by the hustle and bustle of this modern era?)
While क्षुब्ध (Kshubdh) is a precise word, English speakers often struggle with its nuance or its formal register. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Hindi sound more natural and educated.
- 1. Confusing with Simple 'Anger' (Gussa)
- Many learners use क्षुब्ध whenever they want to say 'angry'. However, kshubdh is more about 'agitation' or 'disturbance'. You can be kshubdh without being shouting-mad; it's a deeper, more internal unrest. If someone breaks your favorite toy, you are 'gussa'. If you see a systemic injustice, you are क्षुब्ध.
गलत: मैं अपनी चाबियाँ खोने पर क्षुब्ध हूँ। (Wrong: I am agitated/disturbed at losing my keys. - Too formal for a small event.)
- 2. Overusing in Casual Settings
- Using क्षुब्ध with friends at a party can sound overly dramatic or even sarcastic. It's like saying 'I am profoundly perturbed' when your friend is five minutes late. Stick to 'pareshan' or 'thoda gussa' for casual contexts.
सही: वह भ्रष्टाचार की खबरों से क्षुब्ध है। (Correct: He is agitated by news of corruption.)
- 3. Misapplying to Objects
- While you can have क्षुब्ध सागर (agitated sea), you cannot have a 'kshubdh mobile' if it's not working. The agitation must be either emotional (human/animal) or a significant natural force (water/wind).
गलत: मेरा कंप्यूटर क्षुब्ध है। (Wrong: My computer is agitated.)
- 4. Confusion with 'Kshubhit'
- 'Kshubhit' is a very close synonym and also correct, but क्षुब्ध is more common in modern literature. Using them interchangeably is usually fine, but 'kshubdh' is the standard B1/B2 choice.
सही: उसका हृदय क्षुब्ध था। (Correct: His heart was agitated.)
गलत: वह समाचार सुनकर क्षुब्द था। (Wrong spelling: Kshubd.)
Hindi is rich with words for emotional states. Depending on the intensity and the context, you might want to choose a word other than क्षुब्ध (Kshubdh). Here is a comparison to help you choose the right tool for your linguistic kit.
- 1. क्षुब्ध vs. व्याकुल (Vyakul)
- व्याकुल means restless or anxious. While क्षुब्ध implies a disturbance often caused by external shock or injustice, vyakul is more about internal anxiety or waiting for something. You are vyakul for exam results, but क्षुब्ध by a rude comment.
- 2. क्षुब्ध vs. अशांत (Ashant)
- अशांत simply means 'not peaceful'. It is a broader term. A noisy room is ashant. A mind that cannot meditate is ashant. क्षुब्ध is more specific to being 'shaken' or 'agitated'.
शहर का माहौल अशांत है, लेकिन लोग क्षुब्ध हैं। (The city's atmosphere is unpeaceful, but the people are agitated.)
- 3. क्षुब्ध vs. विचलित (Vichalit)
- विचलित means 'distracted' or 'deviated'. If you lose your focus, you are vichalit. If you are deeply upset by something, you are क्षुब्ध.
वह अपने लक्ष्य से विचलित नहीं हुआ, चाहे वह कितना भी क्षुब्ध क्यों न हो। (He did not deviate from his goal, no matter how agitated he was.)
- 4. क्षुब्ध vs. उद्विग्न (Udvign)
- उद्विग्न is perhaps the closest synonym in formal Hindi. It also means perturbed or anxious. However, क्षुब्ध often has a connotation of resentment or anger mixed with the agitation, whereas udvign is more about worry.
परीक्षा के परिणामों को लेकर वह उद्विग्न है। (He is perturbed/anxious about the exam results.)
क्या तुम मेरी बातों से क्षुब्ध हो गए? (Did you get agitated by my words?)
Ejemplos por nivel
वह बहुत क्षुब्ध है।
He is very agitated.
Simple Subject + Adjective + Verb structure.
क्या तुम क्षुब्ध हो?
Are you agitated?
Interrogative sentence.
मैं क्षुब्ध नहीं हूँ।
I am not agitated.
Negative sentence using 'nahin'.
शोर से बच्चा क्षुब्ध हो गया।
The child became agitated by the noise.
Using 'se' to show cause.
उसका मन क्षुब्ध था।
His mind was agitated.
Past tense 'tha'.
वह समाचार सुनकर क्षुब्ध हुई।
She became agitated after hearing the news.
Feminine form of verb 'hui'.
क्षुब्ध मत हो।
Don't be agitated.
Imperative negative.
पानी क्षुब्ध है।
The water is agitated/troubled.
Describing an object.
समुद्र आज बहुत क्षुब्ध है।
The sea is very agitated today.
Using 'kshubdh' for nature.
शिक्षक छात्रों से क्षुब्ध थे।
The teacher was agitated with the students.
Plural respectful 'the'.
वह अपनी हार से क्षुब्ध हो गया।
He became agitated by his defeat.
Cause indicated by 'se'.
मेरी बातों ने उसे क्षुब्ध कर दिया।
My words made him agitated.
Causative 'kar diya'.
क्या तुम इस शोर से क्षुब्ध हो?
Are you agitated by this noise?
Question with 'se'.
वह क्षुब्ध होकर बाहर चला गया।
He went outside, being agitated.
Using 'hokar' as a participle.
जनता महंगाई से क्षुब्ध है।
The public is agitated by inflation.
Subject is 'janta' (public).
उसका क्षुब्ध चेहरा सब कुछ कह रहा था।
His agitated face was saying everything.
Adjective modifying 'chehra'.
भ्रष्टाचार की खबरों से पूरा देश क्षुब्ध है।
The whole country is agitated by the news of corruption.
Formal social context.
वह अपने अपमान को लेकर अत्यंत क्षुब्ध थी।
She was extremely agitated regarding her insult.
Using 'atyant' for emphasis.
क्या आप सरकार के इस निर्णय से क्षुब्ध हैं?
Are you agitated by this decision of the government?
Formal inquiry.
क्षुब्ध मन से कोई भी काम सही नहीं होता।
No work is done correctly with an agitated mind.
Philosophical observation.
उसकी आँखों में क्षुब्ध भाव साफ दिख रहे थे।
Agitated emotions were clearly visible in his eyes.
Descriptive literary style.
वह समाज की कुरीतियों से क्षुब्ध होकर क्रांतिकारी बन गया।
Agitated by social evils, he became a revolutionary.
Complex sentence with 'hokar'.
तूफान ने शांत झील को क्षुब्ध कर दिया।
The storm made the calm lake agitated.
Contrast between 'shant' and 'kshubdh'.
अन्याय देखकर क्षुब्ध होना एक मानवीय गुण है।
To be agitated seeing injustice is a human quality.
Gerundial subject 'kshubdh hona'.
लेखक ने समाज की गिरती नैतिकता पर क्षुब्ध प्रतिक्रिया दी।
The author gave an agitated reaction to the falling morality of society.
Academic/Literary context.
विपक्ष के नेता इस मुद्दे पर काफी क्षुब्ध दिखाई दिए।
The opposition leader appeared quite agitated on this issue.
Political register.
उनकी बातों में एक क्षुब्ध स्वर सुनाई दे रहा था।
An agitated tone was audible in their words.
Describing 'swar' (tone).
क्या तुम भी इस व्यवस्था से क्षुब्ध नहीं हो?
Are you also not agitated by this system?
Rhetorical question.
वह अपने अतीत की यादों से अक्सर क्षुब्ध हो जाता है।
He often becomes agitated by memories of his past.
Frequency adverb 'aksar'.
क्षुब्ध लहरों ने जहाज को हिला कर रख दिया।
The agitated waves shook the ship completely.
Metaphorical strength.
उसकी चुप्पी उसकी क्षुब्ध मानसिकता को दर्शाती है।
His silence reflects his agitated mindset.
Psychological description.
वह किसी भी बात पर तुरंत क्षुब्ध हो जाने वाला व्यक्ति है।
He is a person who gets agitated immediately at anything.
Describing personality traits.
कवि की रचनाओं में एक क्षुब्ध आत्मा की पुकार है।
In the poet's works, there is the cry of an agitated soul.
High literary register.
आधुनिकता के दबाव ने मानव मन को क्षुब्ध कर दिया है।
The pressure of modernity has agitated the human mind.
Sociological commentary.
न्यायालय ने पुलिस की कार्यप्रणाली पर क्षुब्ध टिप्पणी की।
The court made an agitated comment on the police's functioning.
Legal/Official Hindi.
उसका व्यक्तित्व अंतर्द्वंद्वों से क्षुब्ध था।
His personality was agitated by internal conflicts.
Deep psychological analysis.
क्या यह क्षुब्ध शांति किसी बड़े तूफान का संकेत है?
Is this agitated peace a sign of a bigger storm?
Oxymoron 'kshubdh shanti'.
दार्शनिक ने क्षुब्ध संसार में शांति खोजने का मार्ग बताया।
The philosopher showed the way to find peace in an agitated world.
Philosophical context.
उसने अपनी क्षुब्ध भावनाओं को कागज़ पर उतार दिया।
He poured his agitated emotions onto paper.
Metaphor for expression.
वैश्विक राजनीति की वर्तमान स्थिति अत्यंत क्षुब्ध करने वाली है।
The current state of global politics is extremely agitating.
Using 'karne wali' as an adjective.
उनकी लेखनी में समाज के प्रति एक गहरा क्षुब्ध भाव निहित है।
A deep sense of agitation toward society is inherent in their writing.
Advanced literary analysis.
ब्रह्मांड के रहस्यों ने वैज्ञानिकों के मन को सदैव क्षुब्ध रखा है।
The mysteries of the universe have always kept the minds of scientists agitated/restless.
Metaphorical usage for curiosity.
क्या मानवीय चेतना कभी भी पूर्णतः अक्षुब्ध हो सकती है?
Can human consciousness ever be completely unagitated?
Using the antonym 'akshubdh'.
इतिहास गवाह है कि क्षुब्ध जनसमूह ही बड़े परिवर्तनों का आधार बनता है।
History is witness that only an agitated mass of people becomes the basis for big changes.
Historical/Sociological synthesis.
उनकी वाणी की क्षुब्धता उनके आंतरिक सत्य को प्रकट कर रही थी।
The agitation of their speech was revealing their internal truth.
Noun form 'kshubdhta'.
कलाकार ने कैनवास पर क्षुब्ध रंगों का प्रयोग किया है।
The artist has used agitated colors on the canvas.
Artistic critique.
वह एक ऐसी क्षुब्ध अवस्था में था जहाँ शब्द अपनी सार्थकता खो देते हैं।
He was in such an agitated state where words lose their meaning.
Existential description.
सांस्कृतिक संक्रमण के इस युग में हर कोई किसी न किसी रूप में क्षुब्ध है।
In this era of cultural transition, everyone is agitated in one form or another.
Broad cultural commentary.
Sinónimos
Summary
The word 'क्षुब्ध' (Kshubdh) is your go-to term for describing a profound sense of agitation or disturbance, whether it's a stormy ocean or a mind rattled by injustice. Example: 'भ्रष्टाचार से जनता क्षुब्ध है' (The public is agitated by corruption).
- Kshubdh is a formal Hindi adjective meaning 'agitated' or 'disturbed'.
- It comes from Sanskrit and is used for both emotions and nature.
- It is common in news, literature, and formal speeches to show unrest.
- It is more serious than 'pareshan' and implies a deep loss of peace.
Ejemplo
वह इस खबर से काफी क्षुब्ध लग रहा था।
Contenido relacionado
Más palabras de emotions
आभार
B1Gratitud o agradecimiento. 'Expreso mi gratitud' es 'Main aapka abhaar vyakt karta hoon'.
आभारी
A2Agradecido, obligado. Se usa para expresar gratitud en situaciones formales o serias.
आभारी होना
A2Estar agradecido; sentir o mostrar aprecio por algo recibido.
आभार सहित
B1Con gratitud; una forma muy educada y formal de dar las gracias en hindi.
आभारपूर्वक
B2Gratefully, thankfully, or with appreciation.
आभास होना
B1Tener una corazonada o intuición; percibir vagamente. Por ejemplo: 'Presentí el peligro.'
आग्रह
B1Insistence, earnest request; persistent demanding.
आघात
B1Choque, trauma, golpe. 'Fue un gran golpe (aaghat) emocional.' / 'El impacto (aaghat) de la crisis.'
आघात लगना
B1To be shocked; to be traumatized.
आघात पहुँचना
B1Estar profundamente conmocionado o traumatizado por un evento grave.
