passiva en 30 segundos
- Feminine adjective meaning passive, inactive, or acted upon.
- Used for feminine nouns when describing lack of initiative or being subjected to influence.
- Key in grammatical discussions of the passive voice (voz passiva).
- Distinguish from 'inativo' (not functioning) and 'apático' (indifferent).
The word 'passiva' is the feminine form of the adjective 'passivo' in Portuguese. It generally means 'passive,' indicating a state of not actively participating, initiating, or acting, but rather being acted upon, influenced, or subjected to something. It's used in various contexts, from grammar to describing personality traits and situations.
- Grammar
- In Portuguese grammar, the passive voice is formed using the verb 'ser' (to be) followed by the past participle of the main verb. When the subject is feminine, the past participle agrees in gender and number. For example, 'A carta foi escrita' (The letter was written) uses 'escrita' (feminine past participle of 'escrever') because 'carta' (letter) is feminine. 'Passiva' itself isn't directly used here, but the concept of passivity is central.
- Personality
- When describing a person, 'passiva' suggests someone who is not assertive, tends to go with the flow, or allows others to take the lead. It can imply a lack of initiative or a tendency to be easily influenced. For instance, 'Ela tem uma natureza passiva' (She has a passive nature).
- Situations
- It can also describe situations where something is happening to someone or something without their active involvement. For example, 'A decisão foi passiva' might mean the decision was made without input from those affected, or it was a consequence of circumstances rather than a deliberate action. However, this usage is less common than describing personality or grammatical voice.
A mulher tinha uma atitude passiva diante dos problemas.
In grammar, the 'voz passiva' (passive voice) is a key concept. For example, 'A bola foi chutada pela menina' (The ball was kicked by the girl).
- Distinction from 'inativo'
- While 'passiva' implies being acted upon or lacking initiative, 'inativo' (inactive) often refers to something that is not currently functioning or working, like a machine or a bank account. The two are not interchangeable.
- Submissiveness vs. Passivity
- In personality, 'passiva' can sometimes overlap with 'submissa' (submissive), but 'submissa' often carries a stronger connotation of yielding to authority or control, whereas 'passiva' can simply mean a lack of personal drive or engagement.
A criança observava a cena com uma expressão passiva.
Using 'passiva' correctly hinges on understanding its feminine agreement and its core meaning of being acted upon or lacking initiative. Here are common sentence structures and contexts:
- Describing a Feminine Noun's Nature
- This is the most straightforward use. You place 'passiva' after a feminine noun to describe its characteristic of being inactive or receptive.
- Translation: The student showed a passive posture during the class, without asking questions.
- Referring to the Passive Voice (Grammar)
- While 'passiva' itself isn't the passive voice, it relates to it. You might discuss 'a voz passiva' (the passive voice) which is a grammatical concept. However, when describing a sentence that *is* in the passive voice and its subject is feminine, the participle will agree. For example, a feminine noun being the subject of a passive construction.
- Translation: The message was received passively by the team. (Here, 'passiva' modifies 'forma' - form, which is feminine. The action of receiving was passive.)
- In Psychological or Sociological Contexts
- In discussions about behavior, 'passiva' can describe someone who doesn't assert their needs or opinions.
- Translation: Her passive reaction contrasted with the group's energy.
- As an Adverbial Phrase (less common, but possible)
- Sometimes, a phrase might use 'passiva' to imply 'in a passive manner,' though adverbs like 'passivamente' are more common.
- Translation: The organization was treated passively by the rulers. (Here, 'passiva' modifies 'maneira' - manner, which is feminine.)
A estudante mostrou uma postura passiva durante a aula, sem fazer perguntas.
A mensagem foi recebida de forma passiva pela equipe.
A sua reação passiva contrastava com a energia do grupo.
A organização foi tratada de maneira passiva pelos governantes.
The word 'passiva' is encountered in various everyday and specialized situations in Portuguese-speaking countries. Its frequency depends heavily on the context.
- Conversations about Personality and Behavior
- You'll often hear 'passiva' used to describe someone's character, particularly women, in informal or semi-formal discussions. For example, friends might talk about someone being 'muito passiva' (very passive) in relationships or group dynamics. This usage can sometimes be judgmental, implying a lack of assertiveness or initiative.
- Educational Settings (Grammar)
- In Portuguese language classes, particularly when discussing grammar, the term 'voz passiva' (passive voice) is fundamental. While 'passiva' itself isn't the voice, it's the feminine form related to this grammatical concept. Teachers and students will use it when analyzing sentence structures.
- Psychology and Sociology
- In academic or professional contexts within psychology or sociology, 'passiva' might be used to describe certain behavioral patterns or societal roles, particularly concerning gender or power dynamics where one party is less active or influential.
- Literature and Media
- Authors and journalists might use 'passiva' to create character depth or describe the atmosphere of a scene, portraying characters or situations as lacking agency or being subjected to external forces.
'A Maria é tão passiva, deixa sempre que os outros decidam por ela.'
'Nesta frase, o sujeito está na voz passiva.'
'A pesquisa examina a resposta passiva das mulheres em situações de conflito.'
'A protagonista mantinha uma postura passiva, observando o caos se desenrolar.'
Learners of Portuguese often make mistakes with 'passiva' due to gender agreement, confusion with similar concepts, or misapplication of its nuances. Here are some common pitfalls:
- Incorrect Gender Agreement
- The most frequent error is using 'passiva' when the noun it modifies is masculine, or vice versa. Portuguese nouns have grammatical gender, and adjectives must agree. For instance, saying 'o homem passiva' is incorrect; it should be 'o homem passivo'. Similarly, 'a situação passivo' is wrong; it should be 'a situação passiva'.
- Correction: 'A mulher era passiva em relação às ordens.' (Here, 'passiva' correctly agrees with 'mulher'. The mistake in the example sentence was in the prepositional phrase, not the adjective itself, but it illustrates how context matters.) A better mistake example: 'O projeto passiva foi um sucesso' -> 'O projeto passivo foi um sucesso'.
- Confusing 'Passiva' with 'Inativa' or 'Apática'
- While related, these words have different nuances. 'Inativa' means not functioning or not active (e.g., an inactive volcano). 'Apática' describes a lack of emotion or enthusiasm, a feeling of indifference. 'Passiva' specifically refers to a lack of agency or initiative, being acted upon.
- Correction: If the lack of energy is due to indifference, use 'apática'. If it's about not functioning, use 'inativa'. If it's about not taking action, 'passiva' is correct. Example: 'Ela sentiu-se apática e não quis sair.' (She felt apathetic and didn't want to go out.)
- Overuse or Misapplication in Grammatical Contexts
- While 'passiva' relates to the passive voice, learners might incorrectly use it when describing active sentences or when the grammatical subject isn't truly passive. The concept of the passive voice itself is 'voz passiva', and the agreement applies to the past participle.
- Correction: 'A frase ativa não é passiva.' or 'A frase está na voz ativa, não na voz passiva.' The adjective 'passiva' describes a feminine noun's characteristic, not the voice of a sentence directly, unless it's modifying a feminine noun related to voice, like 'uma construção passiva'.
- Using the Adverb 'Passivamente' Incorrectly
- Sometimes learners confuse the adjective 'passiva' with the adverb 'passivamente' (passively). While they share the same root, one modifies nouns (adjective) and the other modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (adverb).
- Correction: 'Ela agiu passivamente.' (Here, 'agiu' is a verb, so it needs an adverb.) If you were describing her *attitude*, you might say: 'A sua atitude era passiva.'
Mistake: 'A mulher era passiva para as ordens.'
Mistake: 'Ela estava passiva porque não tinha energia.' (Using 'passiva' when 'apática' or 'inativa' might be more precise for lack of energy).
Mistake: 'A frase ativa é passiva.'
Mistake: 'Ela agiu passiva.'
Understanding words similar to 'passiva' helps to grasp its specific meaning and choose the most appropriate term in different contexts. Here's a comparison:
- Passivo (Masculine Adjective)
- This is the masculine counterpart to 'passiva'. It's used when referring to masculine nouns or when the context is general and doesn't specify gender.
- Passivamente (Adverb)
- This means 'passively' and modifies verbs, indicating that an action was performed without active participation or initiative. It answers the question 'how?'.
- Inativo/Inativa (Adjective)
- Means 'inactive' or 'not functioning'. It's often used for things that are dormant or not working, rather than people's behavior.
- Apático/Apática (Adjective)
- Means 'apathetic,' describing a state of indifference, lack of emotion, or lack of interest. It's about feeling rather than acting.
- Submisso/Submissa (Adjective)
- Means 'submissive,' implying yielding to authority or the will of others. It often carries a stronger connotation of obedience than 'passiva'.
- Receptivo/Receptiva (Adjective)
- Means 'receptive,' indicating willingness to listen to or accept new ideas or suggestions. This can be a positive trait, whereas 'passiva' is often neutral or negative.
'O homem tem uma natureza passiva.' vs. 'A mulher tem uma natureza passiva.'
'Ela aceitou a proposta passivamente.' (She accepted the proposal passively.)
'A conta bancária ficou inativa por falta de uso.' (The bank account became inactive due to lack of use.)
'Ele respondeu de forma apática, sem demonstrar emoção.'
'A sua atitude submissa perante o chefe era evidente.'
'Ela é muito receptiva a novas propostas de trabalho.'
How Formal Is It?
Dato curioso
The Latin root 'pati' is also related to words like 'patience' and 'passion' in English. While 'patience' implies enduring something, 'passion' originally meant suffering or being strongly affected by something, highlighting the deep connection to the concept of undergoing an experience.
Guía de pronunciación
- Pronouncing the 's' as 'z'.
- Over-emphasizing the first syllable.
- Not clearly distinguishing the feminine ending '-a' from a masculine '-o'.
- Incorrectly stressing the final syllable.
Nivel de dificultad
At the B1 level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input. 'Passiva' is usually encountered in contexts related to personality or basic grammar, making it accessible. However, nuances in more complex texts might pose a slight challenge.
Learners at B1 can use 'passiva' correctly in simple sentences, remembering gender agreement. Producing complex sentences or distinguishing its subtle meanings from synonyms might require practice.
Speaking requires recalling the correct gender agreement and context. Learners might hesitate or make mistakes, especially when comparing it to similar terms or the adverb 'passivamente'.
Understanding 'passiva' in spoken Portuguese depends on the speaker's clarity and the context. It's generally understandable at B1, but fast speech or idiomatic usage might present difficulties.
Qué aprender después
Requisitos previos
Aprende después
Avanzado
Gramática que debes saber
Adjective-Noun Agreement (Gender)
A palavra 'passiva' é a forma feminina do adjetivo. Ela concorda em gênero com o substantivo que a acompanha. Exemplo: 'A criança tem uma natureza passiva.' (Natureza is feminine, so 'passiva' is used.)
Adjective-Noun Agreement (Number)
Para o plural feminino, usa-se 'passivas'. Exemplo: 'As reações foram passivas.' (Reações is feminine plural.)
Formation of the Passive Voice (Voz Passiva)
A voz passiva é formada pelo verbo 'ser' + particípio passado do verbo principal. O particípio concorda em gênero e número com o sujeito. Exemplo: 'A carta foi escrita por ela.' (Carta is feminine singular, so 'escrita' is used.)
Adjective vs. Adverb
'Passiva' é um adjetivo e modifica substantivos. O advérbio é 'passivamente', que modifica verbos. Exemplo: 'Sua postura era passiva.' (Adjective modifying 'postura'). 'Ela agiu passivamente.' (Adverb modifying 'agiu'.)
Using 'ser' vs. 'estar' with adjectives
Quando 'passiva' descreve uma característica inerente ou um traço de personalidade, usa-se 'ser'. Quando descreve um estado temporário, pode-se usar 'estar'. Exemplo: 'Ela é passiva.' (Characteristic) vs. 'Ela está passiva hoje.' (Temporary state, less common for personality but possible for behavior).
Ejemplos por nivel
A bola está parada.
The ball is still.
Focuses on simple state, not specifically 'passive'.
Ela dorme.
She sleeps.
Simple action, not related to 'passiva'.
O gato está quieto.
The cat is quiet.
Describes a state of being, not necessarily 'passive'.
A porta está fechada.
The door is closed.
Describes a state resulting from an action.
Eu espero.
I wait.
Simple verb of action.
A luz está acesa.
The light is on.
Describes a state.
Ele lê um livro.
He reads a book.
Active verb.
A janela está aberta.
The window is open.
Describes a state.
A menina estava sentada, olhando para a rua.
The girl was sitting, looking at the street.
Describes a state of being and an action.
A carta foi enviada ontem.
The letter was sent yesterday.
Introduction to passive voice concept (feminine participle).
Ele tem uma personalidade calma.
He has a calm personality.
Describes a trait, related to passivity.
A casa foi construída no ano passado.
The house was built last year.
Passive voice (feminine noun 'casa').
Ela prefere observar a participar.
She prefers to observe rather than participate.
Describes a preference for a less active role.
O bolo foi feito pela avó.
The cake was made by the grandmother.
Passive voice (feminine noun 'avó').
Meu irmão é muito quieto.
My brother is very quiet.
Describes a personality trait.
A mensagem foi recebida com atenção.
The message was received with attention.
Passive voice (feminine noun 'mensagem').
A decisão da diretoria foi passiva em relação às novas exigências.
The board's decision was passive regarding the new demands.
'Passiva' modifies 'decisão' (feminine noun), indicating lack of proactive response.
Ela tem uma natureza passiva, o que às vezes a impede de defender seus direitos.
She has a passive nature, which sometimes prevents her from defending her rights.
'Passiva' describes 'natureza' (feminine noun), referring to personality.
A voz passiva é usada para enfatizar a ação ou o objeto da ação, não o agente.
The passive voice is used to emphasize the action or the object of the action, not the agent.
Discussing the grammatical concept 'voz passiva'.
A notícia foi recebida com uma reação passiva pela população.
The news was received with a passive reaction by the population.
'Passiva' modifies 'reação' (feminine noun), describing the nature of the reaction.
O estudante adotou uma postura passiva durante o debate, preferindo ouvir.
The student adopted a passive stance during the debate, preferring to listen.
'Passiva' modifies 'postura' (feminine noun), describing behavior.
A construção da ponte foi passiva em termos de participação comunitária.
The bridge construction was passive in terms of community participation.
'Passiva' modifies 'construção' (feminine noun), indicating lack of involvement.
A resposta dela foi passiva; ela apenas concordou sem questionar.
Her response was passive; she just agreed without questioning.
'Passiva' modifies 'resposta' (feminine noun), describing the nature of the response.
A criança observava o jogo com uma expressão passiva.
The child watched the game with a passive expression.
'Passiva' modifies 'expressão' (feminine noun), describing facial expression.
A política econômica adotada pelo governo mostrou uma abordagem passiva diante da crise imobiliária.
The economic policy adopted by the government showed a passive approach to the real estate crisis.
'Passiva' modifies 'abordagem' (feminine noun), indicating a lack of decisive action.
Sua relutância em expressar opiniões demonstra uma personalidade intrinsecamente passiva.
Her reluctance to express opinions demonstrates an intrinsically passive personality.
'Passiva' modifies 'personalidade' (feminine noun), describing an inherent trait.
A análise linguística revelou que a maioria das frases descritivas utilizava a voz passiva para focar no objeto.
The linguistic analysis revealed that most descriptive sentences used the passive voice to focus on the object.
Referring to the grammatical concept 'voz passiva' and its application.
A reação da opinião pública foi surpreendentemente passiva diante das novas medidas.
The public opinion's reaction was surprisingly passive to the new measures.
'Passiva' modifies 'reação' (feminine noun), describing the nature of the public's response.
A estratégia de marketing da empresa foi considerada passiva, pois não antecipou as tendências do mercado.
The company's marketing strategy was considered passive, as it did not anticipate market trends.
'Passiva' modifies 'estratégia' (feminine noun), evaluating its effectiveness.
O desenvolvimento da criança seguiu um padrão passivo, com pouca interação exploratória.
The child's development followed a passive pattern, with little exploratory interaction.
'Passiva' modifies 'padrão' (masculine noun, but here it modifies 'interação' implicitly through context or a slightly less direct structure if 'padrão' were the focus. Let's assume 'interação' is the intended focus for feminine agreement here. If 'padrão' is the noun, it should be 'passivo'. Let's rephrase for clarity.) -> 'A interação da criança seguiu um padrão passivo.' This is still awkward. Let's try a clearer feminine noun: 'A abordagem da criança ao aprendizado era passiva.'
A resposta do corpo à medicação foi passiva, sem efeitos colaterais significativos.
The body's response to the medication was passive, with no significant side effects.
'Passiva' modifies 'resposta' (feminine noun), indicating a lack of strong reaction.
A interpretação da lei foi passiva, baseada apenas no texto literal.
The interpretation of the law was passive, based only on the literal text.
'Passiva' modifies 'interpretação' (feminine noun), suggesting a lack of deeper analysis.
A obra de arte evocava uma sensação de existência passiva, como se estivesse à espera de um observador para ganhar vida.
The work of art evoked a sense of passive existence, as if waiting for an observer to come alive.
'Passiva' modifies 'existência' (feminine noun), conveying a philosophical concept.
A análise psicanalítica sugeriu que a sua passiva submissão às normas sociais era um mecanismo de defesa.
The psychoanalytic analysis suggested that her passive submission to social norms was a defense mechanism.
'Passiva' modifies 'submissão' (feminine noun), describing the nature of the submission in a psychological context.
Em linguística comparada, a frequência da voz passiva pode variar significativamente entre famílias de línguas.
In comparative linguistics, the frequency of the passive voice can vary significantly among language families.
Discussing the grammatical concept 'voz passiva' in a specialized academic field.
A postura passiva da diplomacia internacional diante do conflito foi amplamente criticada.
The passive stance of international diplomacy in the face of the conflict was widely criticized.
'Passiva' modifies 'postura' (feminine noun), describing the diplomatic approach.
A sua filosofia de vida era marcada por uma aceitação passiva dos eventos, vendo-os como predestinados.
His philosophy of life was marked by a passive acceptance of events, seeing them as predestined.
'Passiva' modifies 'aceitação' (feminine noun), describing a philosophical outlook.
A estrutura narrativa do romance permitia uma leitura passiva, onde o leitor era guiado sem grandes desafios interpretativos.
The novel's narrative structure allowed for a passive reading, where the reader was guided without major interpretive challenges.
'Passiva' modifies 'leitura' (feminine noun), characterizing the reading experience.
A resposta do organismo à toxina era passiva no sentido de que não gerou uma resposta imune ativa.
The organism's response to the toxin was passive in the sense that it did not generate an active immune response.
'Passiva' modifies 'resposta' (feminine noun), specifying the nature of the biological reaction.
A representação artística da figura feminina tendia a uma estética passiva, refletindo os ideais da época.
The artistic representation of the female figure tended towards a passive aesthetic, reflecting the ideals of the time.
'Passiva' modifies 'estética' (feminine noun), describing an artistic style.
A análise hermenêutica da obra revelou uma camada de significado que só emergia através de uma contemplação passiva e desprovida de julgamento prévio.
The hermeneutic analysis of the work revealed a layer of meaning that only emerged through passive contemplation devoid of prior judgment.
'Passiva' modifies 'contemplação' (feminine noun), indicating a highly refined state of reception.
A sua dialética existencialista enfatizava a angústia inerente à consciência da liberdade, contrastando com uma passiva resignação ao determinismo.
His existentialist dialectic emphasized the anguish inherent in the consciousness of freedom, contrasting with a passive resignation to determinism.
'Passiva' modifies 'resignação' (feminine noun), contrasting philosophical stances.
Em estudos de discurso, a construção da 'mulher passiva' na mídia é um tema recorrente, analisado sob a ótica da semiótica e da crítica social.
In discourse studies, the construction of the 'passive woman' in the media is a recurring theme, analyzed from the perspective of semiotics and social critique.
'Passiva' modifies 'mulher' (feminine noun), used in a critical academic context.
A ontologia daquele filósofo postulava uma realidade fundamentalmente passiva, sendo a consciência apenas um reflexo das suas propriedades.
That philosopher's ontology postulated a fundamentally passive reality, with consciousness merely being a reflection of its properties.
'Passiva' modifies 'realidade' (feminine noun), describing a metaphysical concept.
A recepção crítica da sua obra literária foi marcada por uma ambiguidade passiva; os críticos não conseguiam categorizá-la definitivamente.
The critical reception of his literary work was marked by a passive ambiguity; critics could not definitively categorize it.
'Passiva' modifies 'ambiguidade' (feminine noun), describing the nature of the critical response.
A sua estratégia de negociação baseava-se numa passiva resistência às imposições, esperando que o outro lado cedesse.
His negotiation strategy was based on a passive resistance to impositions, waiting for the other side to yield.
'Passiva' modifies 'resistência' (feminine noun), describing the method of resistance.
O estudo farmacológico demonstrou que a interação do composto com os receptores era passiva, sem ativação de vias de sinalização.
The pharmacological study demonstrated that the compound's interaction with the receptors was passive, without activation of signaling pathways.
'Passiva' modifies 'interação' (feminine noun), detailing a precise biological mechanism.
A linguagem figurada na poesia simbolista frequentemente empregava imagens de uma natureza passiva, refletindo o estado de espírito do artista.
The figurative language in Symbolist poetry frequently employed images of a passive nature, reflecting the artist's state of mind.
'Passiva' modifies 'natureza' (feminine noun), describing a stylistic element in poetry.
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
— To have a passive nature; to be someone who doesn't take initiative.
Ela tem uma natureza passiva e raramente expressa suas vontades.
— To adopt a passive stance or attitude.
Ele preferiu adotar uma postura passiva em vez de se confrontar.
— To be passive in the face of something; to not react actively.
Não seja passiva diante da injustiça.
— A passive reaction; a lack of active response.
Houve uma reação passiva às novas regras.
— Passive acceptance; accepting something without resistance.
Sua aceitação passiva dos fatos o incomodava.
— To observe passively; to watch without participating.
Ele preferia observar de forma passiva o que acontecia.
— A passive life; a life without much action or agency.
Ela sonhava em ter uma vida menos passiva.
— A passive manner or way of doing things.
Ele lidou com o problema de maneira passiva.
— A passive response; a response that lacks initiative or strong reaction.
A resposta passiva da equipe não foi suficiente.
Se confunde a menudo con
'Passiva' is the feminine form, while 'passivo' is the masculine form. They mean the same thing but must agree with the gender of the noun they modify. Example: 'A atitude passiva' vs. 'O comportamento passivo'.
'Passiva' is an adjective describing a noun. 'Passivamente' is an adverb describing a verb, adjective, or another adverb, meaning 'passively'. Example: 'Ela tem uma natureza passiva.' (adjective) vs. 'Ela agiu passivamente.' (adverb).
'Passiva' refers to a lack of initiative or being acted upon, often for people. 'Inativo/inativa' means not functioning or not active, usually for things like machines or accounts. Example: 'A conta bancária está inativa.' vs. 'A estudante estava passiva na aula.'
Modismos y expresiones
— To let life happen, to go with the flow, often implying a passive approach to life's challenges.
Ele decidiu deixar a vida levar, adotando uma postura mais passiva.
Informal— To do nothing when action is needed; to remain inactive or passive.
Não adianta ficar de braços cruzados, é preciso agir.
Informal— To be swept along by circumstances, to have no control over one's direction, implying a passive experience.
Sem um plano, ela acabou sendo levada pela correnteza, com uma vida passiva.
Neutral— To do nothing; to be inactive or passive.
Ele prefere não fazer nada a se envolver em discussões.
Neutral— To go with the flow; to adapt passively to circumstances.
Ela prefere seguir o fluxo em vez de lutar contra ele.
Informal— To be just an observer, not a participant; to have a passive role.
Em vez de agir, ele preferiu ser um mero espectador da situação.
Neutral— To let things happen without trying to control or influence them; a passive approach.
Ele tem uma filosofia de deixar as coisas acontecerem.
Informal— To not take any action; to remain completely passive.
Diante do problema, ela não deu um passo para resolvê-lo.
Neutral— To be easily controlled or manipulated by someone else, implying a very passive role.
Naquela relação, ela se sentia como um boneco de ventríloquo.
Informal— To be at the mercy of; to be completely subjected to the influence or control of something or someone, implying extreme passivity.
Sem recursos, eles estavam à mercê das circunstâncias.
NeutralFácil de confundir
Both 'passiva' and 'apática' can describe a lack of outward reaction or engagement, and both are feminine adjectives.
'Passiva' specifically refers to a lack of initiative or being acted upon, often implying a preference for not taking action. 'Apática' describes a lack of emotion, enthusiasm, or interest, a state of indifference. You can be 'passiva' without being 'apática' (e.g., someone might be passive because they are calm, not because they lack feeling).
Ela era <strong>passiva</strong> na reunião, concordando com tudo, mas sentia-se <strong>apática</strong> e desinteressada.
Both words can describe someone who doesn't assert themselves strongly and tends to yield to others. Both are feminine adjectives.
'Passiva' implies a lack of initiative or a tendency to be acted upon. 'Submissa' specifically means yielding to authority or the will of another, often implying obedience or deference. Someone can be 'passiva' without being 'submissa' (e.g., passively accepting fate) or 'submissa' without necessarily being entirely 'passiva' (e.g., actively choosing to obey).
A funcionária tinha uma atitude <strong>passiva</strong>, mas era <strong>submissa</strong> apenas ao seu chefe direto.
Both are feminine adjectives and can describe someone who doesn't initiate action but is open to external input.
'Passiva' often carries a neutral or negative connotation of lacking initiative or being acted upon. 'Receptiva' is generally positive, meaning open to new ideas, suggestions, or experiences. Someone 'receptiva' is actively willing to receive, while someone 'passiva' might passively endure or accept.
Ela é muito <strong>receptiva</strong> a novas ideias, ao contrário de sua colega, que era mais <strong>passiva</strong> e relutante em mudar.
Both describe a state of not being active. Both are feminine adjectives.
'Passiva' typically describes people or behaviors characterized by a lack of initiative or agency. 'Inativa' usually describes things that are not functioning or working, like a machine, a bank account, or a biological process. You wouldn't typically call a person 'inativa' unless you mean their body isn't functioning.
A conta bancária ficou <strong>inativa</strong> por falta de uso, enquanto a estudante mantinha uma postura <strong>passiva</strong> na sala de aula.
They are direct opposites in meaning and agree in gender and number.
'Passiva' means not acting, being acted upon. 'Ativa' means acting, initiating action, being energetic. They are antonyms.
A participação <strong>ativa</strong> do grupo contrastava com a postura <strong>passiva</strong> de alguns membros.
Patrones de oraciones
Subject (feminine) + ser/estar + passiva.
A menina é passiva.
Subject (feminine) + ter + uma + nature/atitude/postura + passiva.
Ela tem uma natureza passiva.
Discussing 'voz passiva'.
A voz passiva é importante para a gramática.
Subject (feminine) + ser/estar + passiva + em relação a/diante de...
Sua reação passiva diante dos problemas.
Feminine noun + ser/estar + passiva + como...
A resposta foi passiva como um observador.
Abstract feminine noun + ser/estar + passiva + que...
Uma existência passiva que não trazia satisfação.
Feminine noun + ser/estar + passiva + em termos de...
A participação foi passiva em termos de contribuição.
Complex sentence structure with 'passiva' modifying a less common feminine noun.
A dialética da obra explorava a condição humana em sua essência passiva.
Familia de palabras
Sustantivos
Verbos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Cómo usarlo
Common, especially in descriptive contexts and grammar discussions.
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Using 'passiva' with a masculine noun.
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Using 'passivo' with a masculine noun.
Adjectives in Portuguese must agree in gender with the nouns they modify. 'Passiva' is feminine, and 'passivo' is masculine. Example: 'A atitude <strong>passiva</strong>' (correct) vs. 'O comportamento <strong>passivo</strong>' (correct). Incorrect: 'O atitude <strong>passiva</strong>' or 'A comportamento <strong>passivo</strong>'.
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Confusing 'passiva' with 'inativa'.
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Using 'passiva' for people's behavior/personality and 'inativa' for things not functioning.
'Passiva' describes a lack of initiative or being acted upon, typically for people. 'Inativa' means not working or functioning, usually for objects or systems. Example: 'Ela é <strong>passiva</strong> na aula.' (correct) vs. 'A máquina está <strong>inativa</strong>.' (correct).
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Using the adjective 'passiva' when an adverb is needed.
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Using the adverb 'passivamente' to modify verbs.
'Passiva' is an adjective modifying nouns. 'Passivamente' is an adverb modifying verbs. Example: 'Sua resposta foi <strong>passiva</strong>.' (adjective) vs. 'Ele respondeu <strong>passivamente</strong>.' (adverb).
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Using 'passiva' when 'apática' or 'submissa' would be more precise.
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Choosing the adjective that best fits the nuance: 'passiva' (lack of initiative), 'apática' (lack of emotion/interest), 'submissa' (obedience).
While related, these words have different meanings. 'Passiva' focuses on not acting. 'Apática' focuses on feeling indifferent. 'Submissa' focuses on yielding to authority. Example: 'Sua natureza <strong>passiva</strong>' vs. 'Sua atitude <strong>apática</strong>' vs. 'Sua resposta <strong>submissa</strong>'.
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Incorrectly forming the plural or using it with singular nouns.
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Using 'passiva' for singular feminine nouns and 'passivas' for plural feminine nouns.
Like most Portuguese adjectives, 'passiva' has singular ('passiva') and plural ('passivas') forms. Ensure agreement with the noun's number. Example: 'A atitude <strong>passiva</strong>' (singular) vs. 'As atitudes <strong>passivas</strong>' (plural).
Consejos
Gender Agreement is Key
Always remember that 'passiva' is feminine. If the noun you are describing is masculine, you must use 'passivo'. Check the gender of the noun carefully before using the adjective.
Distinguish from Similar Words
Don't confuse 'passiva' with 'inativa' (not functioning) or 'apática' (indifferent). 'Passiva' focuses on a lack of active participation or initiative, while 'inativa' is about function and 'apática' is about emotional state.
Context Matters
The connotation of 'passiva' can vary. In grammar, it's neutral. When describing people, it can imply a lack of assertiveness, so use it thoughtfully.
Use in Sentences
Actively try to create sentences using 'passiva' to describe feminine nouns. This will help solidify its usage and gender agreement in your mind.
Focus on the Ending
Pay attention to the final '-a' sound, which is characteristic of feminine adjectives in Portuguese. Practice pronouncing 'passiva' clearly.
Connect to English 'Passive'
The English word 'passive' is a close cognate. Visualizing a passive person or situation can help you remember the meaning and usage of 'passiva'.
Passive Voice Connection
Remember that 'passiva' is related to the 'voz passiva' (passive voice). This grammatical concept reinforces the idea of something being acted upon rather than acting.
Consider Nuance
Think about whether you mean 'passive' as in 'not taking initiative', 'acted upon', or 'indifferent'. Choose 'passiva' (or its synonyms) carefully to convey the precise meaning.
Listen Actively
When listening to Portuguese, try to identify instances of 'passiva' and note the context and the noun it modifies. This will improve your comprehension.
Build Related Vocabulary
Learn related words like 'passivo', 'passivamente', and 'passividade' to build a stronger command of the concept.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Imagine a 'pas'sive person who is always 'si'tting and 'va'stly observing without acting. The 'pas-si-va' sounds like someone who is just sitting and watching. Or think of a 'pa'nda who is very 'si'lent and 'va'stly calm, never initiating action.
Asociación visual
Picture a person sitting on a couch with a blank expression, hands resting idly, while everything else is happening around them. They are the epitome of 'passiva'. Another image could be a doll that just lies there, waiting to be moved, representing 'passiva'.
Word Web
Desafío
Try to describe five different situations or people using the word 'passiva' correctly, focusing on the feminine agreement. For example, describe a character in a book, a historical figure's approach, or a specific type of reaction.
Origen de la palabra
The word 'passiva' derives from the Latin word 'passivus', which means 'able to suffer', 'capable of feeling', or 'not acting'. It comes from the Latin verb 'pati', meaning 'to suffer', 'to endure', or 'to undergo'.
Significado original: The core idea is of undergoing or suffering something, rather than actively doing it.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > PortugueseContexto cultural
When describing people, particularly women, using 'passiva' can be sensitive. It might imply a negative judgment about their assertiveness or ability to take control of their lives. It's important to be mindful of the context and potential interpretations.
In English, the adjective 'passive' carries similar meanings of not acting, being acted upon, or lacking initiative. It's used in grammar (passive voice), psychology (passive personality), and general descriptions.
Practica en la vida real
Contextos reales
Describing personality traits
- Ela tem uma natureza passiva.
- Sua atitude é passiva.
- Ele é muito passivo em relação a decisões.
- Uma pessoa passiva raramente toma a iniciativa.
Grammar explanations
- A voz passiva é importante.
- Como formar a voz passiva?
- Exemplo de frase passiva.
- O particípio concorda com o sujeito na voz passiva.
Describing reactions or responses
- A reação foi passiva.
- Uma resposta passiva não resolve o problema.
- A aceitação passiva das regras.
- Houve uma postura passiva diante da crise.
Comparing active vs. passive roles
- Não seja passiva, seja ativa.
- Ao invés de passiva, prefiro ser proativa.
- A diferença entre participação ativa e passiva.
- Um papel passivo na sociedade.
Describing situations or approaches
- Uma abordagem passiva não funcionou.
- A estratégia passiva da empresa.
- Uma existência passiva.
- O desenvolvimento seguiu um padrão passivo.
Inicios de conversación
"What are some common personality traits that might be described as 'passiva'?"
"Can you give an example of a situation where someone might have a 'passiva' reaction?"
"How does the concept of 'voz passiva' (passive voice) differ from describing someone as 'passiva'?"
"In what contexts might using the word 'passiva' be considered negative?"
"What are some antonyms for 'passiva' and how are they used?"
Temas para diario
Describe a time you felt you had a 'passiva' attitude and how you might have acted differently.
Reflect on a character from a book or movie who embodies the trait of being 'passiva'. What were the consequences of their nature?
Write a short dialogue where one character is 'passiva' and the other is trying to encourage them to be more active.
Consider the difference between being 'passiva' and being calm or patient. Where is the line?
Imagine you are teaching someone about the Portuguese language. Explain the difference between 'passiva' and 'passivo' with examples.
Preguntas frecuentes
10 preguntasBoth words mean 'passive'. 'Passiva' is the feminine form used when referring to a feminine noun (e.g., 'a decisão passiva', 'a atitude passiva'). 'Passivo' is the masculine form used for masculine nouns (e.g., 'o homem passivo', 'o comportamento passivo'). The choice depends entirely on the gender of the noun being described.
In grammar, 'passiva' relates to the 'voz passiva' (passive voice). While 'passiva' itself is an adjective, the concept of the passive voice involves a subject that is acted upon. When the subject of a passive sentence is feminine, the past participle of the verb will agree in gender, e.g., 'A carta foi escrita' (The letter was written) - 'escrita' agrees with 'carta' (feminine).
Yes, 'passiva' can describe a situation if the noun referring to the situation is feminine. For example, 'A forma como a crise foi tratada foi passiva' (The way the crisis was handled was passive). It implies a lack of proactive measures or a tendency to let events unfold without intervention.
Not always, but it often carries a neutral to negative connotation when describing people. It can simply mean 'not active' or 'acted upon'. However, in contexts describing personality, it can imply a lack of assertiveness or initiative, which might be seen as a weakness. In other contexts, like describing a grammatical voice or a biological response, it's purely descriptive.
'Passiva' usually describes a person's behavior or personality (lack of initiative, being acted upon). 'Inativa' typically describes something that is not functioning or working, like a machine, a bank account, or a dormant volcano. For example, 'A máquina está inativa', but 'A estudante está passiva'.
The plural form for feminine nouns is 'passivas'. For example, 'As atitudes passivas não levam a lugar nenhum.' (Passive attitudes lead nowhere.)
Yes, if the object's noun is feminine and the context makes sense. For instance, 'A pintura tinha uma qualidade passiva, como se estivesse esperando.' (The painting had a passive quality, as if it were waiting.) Here, 'pintura' is feminine.
The adverb is 'passivamente', which means 'passively'. It's used to describe how an action is performed. For example, 'Ela observou passivamente.' (She observed passively.) 'Passiva' is an adjective describing a noun.
Yes, it can be used in medical or biological contexts to describe a response or reaction that is not active, such as a 'resposta passiva' (passive response) where the body doesn't mount a strong defense. The noun 'resposta' is feminine.
'Passiva' implies a lack of initiative or being acted upon. 'Apática' implies a lack of emotion or interest. 'Submissa' implies obedience or yielding to authority. While related, they have distinct nuances. A person can be passive without being apathetic or submissive, and vice-versa.
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Summary
The word 'passiva' is the feminine form of 'passivo,' meaning passive. It describes a feminine noun that is not actively doing something but is rather the recipient of an action or influence. It's crucial for describing personality, situations, and grammatical structures where a feminine subject is acted upon.
- Feminine adjective meaning passive, inactive, or acted upon.
- Used for feminine nouns when describing lack of initiative or being subjected to influence.
- Key in grammatical discussions of the passive voice (voz passiva).
- Distinguish from 'inativo' (not functioning) and 'apático' (indifferent).
Gender Agreement is Key
Always remember that 'passiva' is feminine. If the noun you are describing is masculine, you must use 'passivo'. Check the gender of the noun carefully before using the adjective.
Distinguish from Similar Words
Don't confuse 'passiva' with 'inativa' (not functioning) or 'apática' (indifferent). 'Passiva' focuses on a lack of active participation or initiative, while 'inativa' is about function and 'apática' is about emotional state.
Context Matters
The connotation of 'passiva' can vary. In grammar, it's neutral. When describing people, it can imply a lack of assertiveness, so use it thoughtfully.
Use in Sentences
Actively try to create sentences using 'passiva' to describe feminine nouns. This will help solidify its usage and gender agreement in your mind.
Contenido relacionado
Más palabras de general
a cerca de
B1Significa 'a unos' o 'aproximadamente' al hablar de distancia o tiempo futuro.
à direita
A2A la derecha. Se usa para dar direcciones o indicar ubicación.
à esquerda
A2A la izquierda. Se usa para dar direcciones o describir una ubicación.
a fim de
A2A fin de; tener ganas de. 'Estudia a fin de aprobar.' / 'Tengo ganas de salir.'
à frente
A2En frente de; delante de. 'Ella está à frente del grupo.'
a frente
A2Al frente; delante.
À frente de
A2Delante de o al frente de. 'El coche está à frente de la casa' (El coche está delante de la casa).
a tempo
A2A tiempo, puntualmente. Indica que algo sucede dentro del plazo necesario.
à volta de
A2Alrededor de. Se usa para espacio (alrededor de la mesa) o aproximaciones (alrededor de las cinco).
abaixo
A1Debajo de; más abajo.
