B1 noun Neutral 3 min de lectura

归档

guidang /kuei˥ tɑŋ˧˥/
Practícalo Notas y consejos

Overview

The Chinese word '归档' (guīdàng) is a versatile term that primarily means 'to file' or 'to archive.' It's commonly used in various contexts, from managing physical documents to organizing digital information.

**Core Meaning and Usage:**

  • Filing Documents: When you '归档' a document, you are systematically putting it into a designated place for storage and future retrieval. This could involve placing physical papers into a folder, cabinet, or box, or moving digital files into a specific directory or cloud storage.
  • Example: '请把这份文件归档。' (Qǐng bǎ zhè fèn wénjiàn guīdàng.) - 'Please file this document.'
  • Archiving Data/Information: Beyond simple filing, '归档' also carries the connotation of archiving, which often implies long-term storage, preservation, and sometimes a reduction in immediate accessibility. Archived items are typically no longer actively used but are kept for historical, legal, or reference purposes.
  • Example: '这些旧邮件已经被归档了。' (Zhè xiē jiù yóujiàn yǐjīng bèi guīdàng le.) - 'These old emails have been archived.'

**Nuances and Related Concepts:**

  • Systematic Organization: The act of '归档' implies a certain level of order and system. It's not just about putting things away, but about putting them away in a way that makes them easy to find later.
  • Historical Record: Especially in the context of archiving, '归档' often relates to creating and maintaining a historical record. This is crucial in businesses, government, and academic institutions where past information needs to be preserved.
  • Digital vs. Physical: While the term applies to both, in modern usage, '归档' is increasingly associated with digital file management, including emails, documents, databases, and software versions.
  • '存档' (cúndàng) vs. '归档' (guīdàng): These two terms are often used interchangeably, but there can be subtle differences. '存档' generally means 'to save' or 'to store,' and can refer to a more temporary or general act of saving data (e.g., saving a game). '归档' emphasizes the systematic organization and often long-term storage within a structured system. However, in many everyday contexts, they can be used similarly.

**Practical Applications:**

  • Business: Companies '归档' financial records, contracts, and project documents.
  • Personal Use: Individuals '归档' old photos, important emails, or tax documents.
  • Software Development: Developers might '归档' older versions of code or project documentation.
  • Email Management: Many email clients have an 'archive' function, which is '归档' in Chinese.

In essence, '归档' is about the organized and often long-term storage of information, ensuring its retrievability when needed, whether for active reference or historical preservation.

Ejemplos

1

我需要把这些文件都归档。

office

I need to file all these documents.

2

旧的邮件会自动归档到这个文件夹。

computer/email

Old emails will be automatically archived into this folder.

3

这批档案已经归档入库。

library/archive

This batch of archives has been filed and put into storage.

4

请把所有完成的项目报告归档。

project management

Please file all completed project reports.

5

这些历史资料已被妥善归档。

historical research

These historical materials have been properly archived.

Colocaciones comunes

文件归档
资料归档
档案归档
自动归档

Se confunde a menudo con

归档 vs 存档 (cúndàng)

'归档' (guīdàng) emphasizes the act of organizing and filing documents for long-term storage and easy retrieval, often implying a more formal or systematic process. '存档' (cúndàng) is a broader term that can refer to simply saving a file or data, or placing it in an archive. While both can mean 'to archive,' '归档' often carries a stronger connotation of structured archiving, whereas '存档' can be as simple as saving a document to a computer. '存档' can also refer to the stored file itself, whereas '归档' typically refers to the action.

归档 vs 备案 (bèi'àn)

'归档' (guīdàng) is about systematically filing and organizing documents for internal keeping and future reference. '备案' (bèi'àn) specifically means to put something on record with an authority or to register something, often for official review or approval. While both involve keeping records, '备案' implies a formal registration with an external entity or for compliance purposes, whereas '归档' is more about internal organization and preservation.

归档 vs 汇编 (huìbiān)

'归档' (guīdàng) refers to the act of filing and archiving individual documents or records. '汇编' (huìbiān) means to compile or collect various pieces of information or documents into a single collection, often with a specific purpose like creating an anthology or a compilation. While both involve organizing information, '归档' is about systematic storage, and '汇编' is about bringing together disparate items into a unified whole.

归档 vs 编目 (biānmù)

'归档' (guīdàng) focuses on the physical or digital act of filing documents for storage. '编目' (biānmù) specifically means to catalog or create an inventory, often involving assigning specific codes or descriptions to items for easy identification and retrieval, particularly in libraries or archives. While both are related to organizing, '编目' is a more detailed descriptive process for indexing, whereas '归档' is the broader action of putting things into the archive.

Patrones gramaticales

将文件归档 (jiāng wénjiàn guīdàng) - to file documents 归档资料 (guīdàng zīliào) - to archive materials 进行归档 (jìnxíng guīdàng) - to carry out archiving

Cómo usarlo

The term '归档' (guīdàng) is a verb, commonly translated as 'to file,' 'to archive,' or 'to put on file.' It is widely used in both formal and informal contexts, particularly in professional settings, offices, and digital environments. For example, you might '归档文件' (guīdàng wénjiàn) meaning 'to file documents,' or '归档邮件' (guīdàng yóujiàn) for 'to archive emails.' It can also be used metaphorically, such as when a task is completed and its associated materials are '归档' – implying that it's finished and put away. While it shares semantic space with terms like '保存' (bǎocún - to save) or '储存' (chǔcún - to store), '归档' specifically implies an organized placement into a structured system for future reference rather than just mere storage. It's important to note its formal and systematic implication.

Errores comunes

A common mistake is confusing '归档' (guīdàng - to archive, to file) with '归还' (guīhuán - to return something, to give back) or '档案' (dàng'àn - a file, archives as a noun). While '归档' is the action of filing or archiving, '档案' refers to the collection of documents itself. '归还' is about returning an item, not necessarily filing it. Another mistake can be mispronouncing the tones, especially 'dàng' as it has a falling tone. Ensure to use the correct context; '归档' is specifically about putting records into an archive or file system, not just generally returning any item.

Consejos

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Usage of '归档' (guīdàng)

'归档' is commonly used in professional and administrative contexts, particularly when referring to the act of filing documents, archiving records, or categorizing information for future reference. It implies a systematic process of organization and storage. For example, you might '归档' financial records, project documents, or old emails. It's less commonly used in casual conversation to refer to simply putting something away; for that, simpler verbs like '放' (fàng - to put) or '整理' (zhěnglǐ - to tidy up) would be more appropriate.

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Distinction from similar words

While '归档' means to file or archive, it's important to distinguish it from similar-sounding or related terms. For instance, '存档' (cúndàng) also means to archive or save, but '归档' often implies a more formal and structured process of categorization and long-term storage within a system. '整理' (zhěnglǐ) means to organize or tidy up, which is a broader concept that might precede or follow '归档' but isn't the same as the act of archiving itself. '记录' (jìlù) means to record, which is about creating a record, whereas '归档' is about storing it.

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Contextual examples

Here are a few examples to illustrate the usage of '归档': 1. '请把这份文件归档。' (Qǐng bǎ zhè fèn wénjiàn guīdàng.) - Please file this document. 2. '我们每年都会将旧的合同归档。' (Wǒmen měinián dōu huì jiāng jiù de hétong guīdàng.) - We archive old contracts every year. 3. '这份邮件需要归档到客户资料夹中。' (Zhè fèn yóujiàn xūyào guīdàng dào kèhù zīliào jiā zhōng.) - This email needs to be archived in the customer folder. 4. '所有历史数据都已归档，方便日后查询。' (Suǒyǒu lìshǐ shùjù dōu yǐ guīdàng, fāngbiàn rìhòu cháxún.) - All historical data has been archived for future reference.

Origen de la palabra

The word '归档' (guīdàng) is a compound of '归' (guī) meaning 'to return, to revert to' and '档' (dàng) meaning 'files, records, archives'. The combination therefore means 'to return to the files' or 'to put into archives'. It is a relatively modern term, especially in its computing context, gaining prominence with the advent of digital record-keeping and data management.

Contexto cultural

In Chinese culture, the concept of '归档' (guīdàng) is primarily associated with the practical aspects of organizing and preserving information. Unlike some Western cultures where archiving might carry historical or sentimental connotations, in China, it often emphasizes efficiency, order, and the pragmatic need for future retrieval. This is deeply rooted in a long history of meticulous record-keeping, especially in imperial administration and scholarly traditions. The act of '归档' reflects a value placed on structured information management, ensuring that documents, data, or even physical objects are systematically categorized and stored. It can also imply a sense of closure or completion for a project or task, as its relevant materials are then 'filed away'. There's less emphasis on the 'story' behind the archive and more on its functional utility.

Truco para recordar

The character '归' (guī) means 'to return' or 'to go back', and '档' (dàng) means 'file' or 'grade'. Think of '归档' as 'returning' a document 'to its file' for storage or archiving. Imagine tidying up by putting things back where they belong, into their designated files or archives.

Preguntas frecuentes

4 preguntas

'归档' (guī dàng) 是一个中文词语，通常指将文件、记录或数据进行整理、分类并妥善保存的过程，以便将来查阅和使用。它强调的是长期保存和系统管理，确保信息的完整性和可检索性。在不同的语境下，它可以具体指文件的整理入库、电子数据的备份存储，甚至是历史文献的分类保管等，核心都是对信息进行有序的存储以备后用。

'归档'和'保存'虽然都涉及信息的存储，但侧重点不同。'保存'更侧重于将信息从临时状态变为持久状态，例如编辑完文档后点击保存，使其不丢失。而'归档'则是在保存的基础上，进一步强调对信息进行系统性的整理、分类、编目和长期存储，使其成为具有组织结构、方便检索的记录。归档通常伴随着一定的规则和流程，例如文件的命名规范、存储位置的指定等，以确保信息的长期有效性和可访问性。

在日常生活中，'归档'的应用非常广泛。例如，我们会将重要的纸质文件（如合同、发票、证书）整理放入文件柜进行归档；在电脑上，我们会将旧的照片、视频或工作文件移动到专门的归档文件夹中，以保持主要工作区域的整洁并方便查找；电子邮件中也有归档功能，可以将处理过的邮件移入归档文件夹，避免收件箱过于拥挤。这些都是为了更好地管理和利用信息。

企业进行文件'归档'具有多重重要意义。首先，它有助于满足合规性要求，许多行业和法规都要求企业对特定类型的文件进行长期保存。其次，归档能够提高工作效率，通过系统化的管理，员工可以快速准确地检索所需信息，减少查找时间。此外，归档也是企业知识管理的重要组成部分，有助于积累和传承企业经验，避免信息流失。最后，在审计或法律纠纷时，完善的归档记录能为企业提供有力的证据支持。

Ponte a prueba

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Can you please ____ these documents for me?

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
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We need to ____ all the old records.

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:
fill blank

The manager asked me to ____ the reports by the end of the day.

¡Correcto! No del todo. Respuesta correcta:

Puntuación: /3

Contenido relacionado

Esta palabra en otros idiomas

archive Inglés archive Francés
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