具体例 en 30 segundos
- A 'gutairei' is a specific, tangible example used to clarify abstract ideas.
- It is essential in business, academic, and daily Japanese communication.
- Commonly paired with verbs like 'ageru' (give) and 'shimesu' (show).
- Helps move from general concepts to practical, understandable instances.
The word 具体例 (ぐたいれい - gutairei) is a cornerstone of effective communication in Japanese, particularly in academic, professional, and instructional settings. It is a compound noun formed by 具体 (gutai), meaning 'concrete' or 'specific,' and 例 (rei), meaning 'example.' Together, they refer to a specific illustration or a tangible instance used to clarify an abstract concept, a general rule, or a vague statement. In the hierarchy of Japanese vocabulary, it sits above the simple word 'rei' (example) by emphasizing the 'concreteness' of the information provided.
- Etymological Breakdown
- 具 (Gu) - Tool/Possess; 体 (Tai) - Body/Form; 例 (Rei) - Example. Literally: 'An example possessing a physical form.'
- Semantic Range
- Used when moving from theory to practice, or from a general category to a specific member of that category.
- Nuance
- Implies that the example is detailed enough to eliminate ambiguity.
「この理論を理解するために、いくつかの具体例を挙げてください。」(Please give some concrete examples to help me understand this theory.)
「抽象的な話ばかりではなく、具体例を出して説明しましょう。」(Let's explain using concrete examples rather than just abstract talk.)
When you use 具体例, you are signaling to your listener that you are about to bridge the gap between 'knowing' and 'understanding.' It is the 'show, don't just tell' of the Japanese language. Whether you are discussing climate change, software bugs, or grammatical rules, the gutairei is the evidence that grounds your argument in reality.
「日本の伝統文化の具体例として、茶道や華道があります。」(As concrete examples of Japanese traditional culture, there are tea ceremony and flower arrangement.)
「もっと分かりやすい具体例はありませんか？」(Don't you have a more easily understandable concrete example?)
Using 具体例 correctly involves pairing it with specific verbs like 挙げる (ageru - to give/cite), 示す (shimesu - to show), or 出す (dasu - to put out/provide). It functions as a noun, so it can be the subject or object of a sentence. In formal writing, it is often used in the structure '[Topic] の具体例として、[Example] がある' (As a concrete example of [Topic], there is [Example]).
- Verb Pairing: 挙げる (Ageru)
- The most common way to say 'to give an example.' Used in presentations and essays.
- Verb Pairing: 示す (Shimesu)
- More formal. Used when presenting data or visual evidence.
- Verb Pairing: 欠く (Kaku)
- Meaning 'to lack.' Used when a description is too vague.
「説明に具体例を欠いているため、説得力がありません。」(Because the explanation lacks concrete examples, it lacks persuasiveness.)
In a professional context, if a boss says '具体的に言ってください' (Please speak concretely), they are essentially asking for a gutairei. It is a tool for precision. When writing a thesis or a report, starting a paragraph with '具体例を挙げると...' (To give a concrete example...) is a standard way to transition from a general statement to supporting evidence.
「この新機能のメリットを、具体例を用いて説明します。」(I will explain the merits of this new function using concrete examples.)
You will encounter 具体例 in almost any environment where information is being exchanged or taught. In Japanese universities, professors constantly ask students for gutairei to test their understanding. In the corporate world, during product development or marketing meetings, stakeholders demand gutairei to visualize how a product will be used by the end-user.
- News & Media
- Reporters use it to explain complex government policies to the general public.
- Self-Help & Business Books
- Authors provide 'gutairei' to show how their advice applies to daily life.
- Customer Support
- Agents ask for 'gutairei' of a problem to troubleshoot effectively.
「ニュース番組で、増税の影響の具体例が紹介された。」(A concrete example of the impact of the tax increase was introduced on the news program.)
One of the most frequent mistakes is using 具体例 when you actually mean 実例 (jitsurei). While gutairei can be a hypothetical scenario created for the sake of explanation, jitsurei must be a real, historical, or documented instance. Another mistake is redundancy, such as saying '具体的な具体例' (a concrete concrete example), which is tautological.
- Redundancy
- Avoid '具体的な具体例'. Just say '具体例' or '具体的な例'.
- Confusing with 'Tatoe'
- 'Tatoe' is more for metaphors or similes, whereas 'gutairei' is for factual or logical illustrations.
「✕ その話の具体例は比喩的すぎます。」(The concrete example of that story is too metaphorical. -> Better to use 'tatoe'.)
Understanding the synonyms of 具体例 helps in choosing the right level of formality. 例 (rei) is the general term. 実例 (jitsurei) emphasizes that the example is a real fact. 例示 (reiji) is a more formal, often legal or technical term for 'illustration by example.'
- 例 (Rei)
- General, casual to formal. 'Example.'
- 実例 (Jitsurei)
- Focuses on reality/truth. 'Actual case.'
- 好例 (Kourei)
- A 'good' or 'perfect' example of something.
「これは成功の好例と言えるでしょう。」(This can be called a good example of success.)
How Formal Is It?
Nivel de dificultad
Gramática que debes saber
~を挙げる (To cite/give)
~として (As...)
~を用いた (Using...)
~に乏しい (Lacking in...)
~に即して (Based on...)
Ejemplos por nivel
これはいい具体例です。
This is a good concrete example.
Simple A is B structure.
具体例を一つください。
Please give me one concrete example.
Object + o + kudasai.
具体例は何ですか？
What is the concrete example?
Question with 'nan desu ka'.
具体例を見ます。
I will look at the concrete example.
Verb 'mimasu'.
具体例がありますか？
Is there a concrete example?
Existence verb 'arimasu'.
具体例はこれです。
The concrete example is this.
Demonstrative 'kore'.
具体例を書いてください。
Please write a concrete example.
Te-form + kudasai.
具体例が分かりません。
I don't understand the concrete example.
Negative verb 'wakarimasen'.
もっと具体例を出してください。
Please provide more concrete examples.
Motto (more) + verb.
具体例を使って説明します。
I will explain using a concrete example.
Te-form of 'tsukau' (to use) as a means.
分かりやすい具体例があります。
There is an easy-to-understand concrete example.
Adjective + noun.
具体例をノートに書きました。
I wrote the concrete examples in my notebook.
Past tense 'kakimashita'.
具体例を教えてください。
Please tell me a concrete example.
Verb 'oshieru'.
この具体例は面白いです。
This concrete example is interesting.
Adjective 'omoshiroi'.
具体例を三つ挙げます。
I will give three concrete examples.
Counter 'mitsu' + verb 'ageru'.
具体例を調べましょう。
Let's look up some concrete examples.
Mashou form (let's).
具体例を挙げて、理由を説明してください。
Please give a concrete example and explain the reason.
Sequential actions with te-form.
この本には多くの具体例が載っています。
This book contains many concrete examples.
Verb 'noru' (to be listed/contained).
具体例がないと、イメージがわきません。
Without concrete examples, I can't visualize it.
Conditional 'nai to'.
具体例を示すことで、理解が深まります。
By showing concrete examples, understanding deepens.
Koto de (by means of).
先生は具体例を交えて話してくれた。
The teacher talked, incorporating concrete examples.
Verb 'majieru' (to mix/incorporate).
具体例を一つずつ確認しましょう。
Let's check the concrete examples one by one.
Hitotsu zutsu (one by one).
具体例を出すのが苦手です。
I am bad at giving concrete examples.
Noun-forming 'no' + 'nigate'.
具体例として、以下のケースが考えられます。
As a concrete example, the following case can be considered.
Toshite (as) + passive potential 'kangaerareru'.
抽象的な概念を具体例で補足する。
Supplement abstract concepts with concrete examples.
Verb 'hosoku suru' (to supplement).
具体例を挙げればきりがありません。
There is no end to the concrete examples I could give.
Conditional 'eba' + 'kiri ga nai'.
彼の説明は具体例に乏しい。
His explanation is lacking in concrete examples.
Adjective 'toboshii' (scarce/lacking).
具体例に即して議論を進めましょう。
Let's proceed with the discussion based on concrete examples.
Ni sokushite (in accordance with/based on).
具体例を引用して、自説を補強する。
Reinforce one's own theory by quoting concrete examples.
Verb 'inyou suru' (to quote) and 'hokyou suru' (to reinforce).
適切な具体例が見つかりませんでした。
I couldn't find an appropriate concrete example.
Adjective 'tekisetsu' (appropriate).
具体例を提示することで、説得力が増す。
By presenting concrete examples, persuasiveness increases.
Verb 'teiji suru' (to present).
具体例の選択が非常に重要です。
The selection of concrete examples is very important.
Noun 'sentei' (selection).
理論の妥当性を具体例によって検証する。
Verify the validity of a theory through concrete examples.
Noun 'dadousei' (validity) + 'ni yotte' (by means of).
具体例を列挙するだけでは不十分だ。
Simply enumerating concrete examples is insufficient.
Verb 'rekkyo suru' (to enumerate) + 'dake de wa' (just... is...).
具体例を詳細に分析する必要がある。
It is necessary to analyze the concrete examples in detail.
Adverbial 'shousai ni' (in detail).
具体例が普遍的な法則を裏付けている。
The concrete examples support the universal law.
Verb 'uradzukeru' (to support/back up).
具体例を伴わない議論は空虚である。
Arguments not accompanied by concrete examples are empty.
Verb 'tomonau' (to accompany) + 'kuukyo' (empty).
具体例を挙げることで、議論をより多角的にする。
Make the discussion more multifaceted by giving concrete examples.
Adverbial 'takakuteki ni' (multifacetedly).
具体例の解釈をめぐって意見が分かれた。
Opinions were divided over the interpretation of the concrete examples.
Ni megutte (concerning/over).
具体例を一般化して、新たな仮説を立てる。
Generalize concrete examples to form a new hypothesis.
Verb 'ippanka suru' (to generalize).
具体例の提示は、レトリックにおいて極めて有効な手段である。
The presentation of concrete examples is an extremely effective means in rhetoric.
Formal noun 'teiji' and 'shudan'.
具体例を恣意的に選択することは避けるべきだ。
Arbitrarily selecting concrete examples should be avoided.
Adverbial 'shiiteki ni' (arbitrarily).
具体例が理論の脆弱性を露呈させた。
The concrete examples exposed the vulnerability of the theory.
Noun 'zeijakusei' (vulnerability) + 'rotei saseru' (to expose).
具体例を精査した結果、矛盾が判明した。
As a result of scrutinizing the concrete examples, a contradiction was found.
Verb 'seisa suru' (to scrutinize).
具体例を縦横無尽に駆使して聴衆を魅了する。
Fascinate the audience by making full use of concrete examples freely and extensively.
Idiom 'juuou mujin' (freely/extensively).
具体例の持つ個別性と理論の普遍性を止揚する。
Sublate the individuality of concrete examples and the universality of theory.
Philosophical term 'shiyou' (sublate/aufheben).
具体例は単なる添え物ではなく、論理の骨格を成す。
Concrete examples are not mere appendages; they form the skeleton of the logic.
Noun 'soemono' (appendage) + 'kokkaku' (skeleton).
具体例の背後にある文脈を読み解く。
Decipher the context behind the concrete examples.
Verb 'yomitoku' (to decipher).
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
Se confunde a menudo con
Jitsurei must be a real, historical fact; Gutairei can be hypothetical.
Rei is general; Gutairei is specifically 'concrete'.
Hiyu is a metaphor; Gutairei is a literal instance.
Modismos y expresiones
Fácil de confundir
Patrones de oraciones
Familia de palabras
Relacionado
Cómo usarlo
Stronger than just 'rei'; implies a need for clarity.
Highly versatile, used in both speech and writing.
- Using 'gutairei' when a metaphor (hiyu) is intended.
- Saying 'gutaiteki na gutairei' (redundant).
- Confusing 'gutairei' with 'jitsurei' (real vs. hypothetical).
- Forgetting the particle 'o' with 'ageru'.
- Using it in very casual slang where 'tatoeba' would fit better.
Consejos
Read Essays
Look for 'gutairei' in Japanese opinion pieces. It's almost always there.
Clarify Often
If you feel you are being too vague, stop and offer a 'gutairei'.
Structure
Use '具体例として' to start your supporting sentences.
Key Word
Treat 'gutairei' as a signal that important details are coming.
Components
Remember 'Gu' (tool) + 'Tai' (body) + 'Rei' (example).
Persuasion
A proposal without 'gutairei' is rarely approved in Japan.
JLPT
In reading sections, the 'gutairei' often explains the main point.
Synonyms
Learn 'jitsurei' alongside 'gutairei' to master nuance.
Visualization
Visualize a 'concrete' block when you say 'gutai'.
Empathy
Using examples helps others understand your perspective better.
Memorízalo
Origen de la palabra
Contexto cultural
Crucial for reports and proposals.
Used to test student comprehension.
Providing examples makes your explanation kinder.
Practica en la vida real
Contextos reales
Inicios de conversación
"最近の具体例を教えてください。"
"その問題の具体例はありますか？"
"具体例を使って話しましょう。"
"いい具体例を思いつきました。"
"具体例を挙げるのは難しいですね。"
Temas para diario
今日学んだことの具体例を書いてみましょう。
自分の長所の具体例を三つ挙げてください。
日本の好きなところの具体例は何ですか？
最近困ったことの具体例を日記に書きましょう。
将来の夢の具体例を詳しく説明してください。
Preguntas frecuentes
10 preguntas'Rei' is just 'example.' 'Gutairei' emphasizes that the example is 'concrete' and easy to understand. It is more formal and precise.
Yes, but 'tatoeba' (for example) or just 'rei' is more common in very casual talk. 'Gutairei' sounds a bit more intellectual.
Yes, it typically appears around the N3 level but is essential for N2 and N1 reading/listening.
The most common way is '具体例を挙げる' (gutairei o ageru).
Japanese nouns don't have plural forms, so 'gutairei' can mean one or many. Use 'ikutsu ka no' for 'some'.
Yes, very frequently to describe experimental results or specific cases of a phenomenon.
There isn't a single word, but 'chuushouteki na gainen' (abstract concept) is the logical opposite.
Yes, if a person is a 'concrete example' of a certain type of person (e.g., a successful entrepreneur).
Not necessarily. It can be a 'suppose' scenario (hypothetical).
Yes, to illustrate how a law applies to a specific situation.
Ponte a prueba 180 preguntas
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Use 'gutairei' whenever you need to be precise, persuasive, or helpful in explaining a complex idea. It transforms vague talk into clear, actionable information.
- A 'gutairei' is a specific, tangible example used to clarify abstract ideas.
- It is essential in business, academic, and daily Japanese communication.
- Commonly paired with verbs like 'ageru' (give) and 'shimesu' (show).
- Helps move from general concepts to practical, understandable instances.
Read Essays
Look for 'gutairei' in Japanese opinion pieces. It's almost always there.
Clarify Often
If you feel you are being too vague, stop and offer a 'gutairei'.
Structure
Use '具体例として' to start your supporting sentences.
Key Word
Treat 'gutairei' as a signal that important details are coming.
Contenido relacionado
Más palabras de academic
絶対的
B2Absoluto; que no depende de nada ni está limitado por ninguna condición. Tiene un poder absoluto.
絶対的に
B1De manera absoluta o incondicional. 'Es absolutamente necesario.'
抽象的だ
B1Abstract; existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence.
抽象
B2Existente en el pensamiento o como una idea pero sin tener una existencia física o concreta. Se refiere a la generalización o extracción de la esencia de algo, lejos de detalles específicos. (El arte abstracto es un ejemplo común.)
抽象的に
B1De manera abstracta o teórica. Se usa para ideas o conceptos, no para cosas físicas.
学術的な
B1Relacionado con el estudio universitario serio, la investigación o la ciencia; académico.
学術的だ
B1Académico; relativo a la educación y la erudición. Es un enfoque muy académico.
学術的
B2Academic; relating to education and scholarship.
学術
B1Academia, erudición; relativo a las actividades académicas.
学力
B1La capacidad académica es el nivel de conocimiento en materias escolares.
