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A2 noun #2,000 پرکاربردترین 10 دقیقه مطالعه

indivíduo

رتبه 2,000

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها indivíduo در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح indivíduo in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 'indivíduo' simply as another word for 'pessoa' (person). While it's a bit more formal than what you usually learn first, you might see it in simple texts about people or in basic news. The most important thing to remember is that it is 'o indivíduo' (masculine). You use it when you want to talk about one single person. For example, 'O indivíduo é alto' (The individual is tall). At this stage, don't worry too much about the complex legal or philosophical meanings. Just treat it as a formal way to say 'person'. You might hear it on TV when they talk about someone whose name they don't know. It's a good word to recognize, even if you prefer to use 'pessoa' in your own speaking. Remember the pronunciation: in-di-VÍ-du-o. The stress is on the 'VÍ'. Practice saying it a few times. It's a useful word because it looks like the English word 'individual', which makes it easy to remember. Just be careful not to use it as an adjective yet; in Portuguese, it's mostly a noun at this level.

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At the A2 level, you should start to distinguish between 'pessoa' and 'indivíduo'. While 'pessoa' is used for everyone you know and talk about, 'indivíduo' is used when you are talking about a person as a unit in a group. For example, if you are talking about a class of students, each student is an 'indivíduo'. You will also see this word more often in the news. In Brazil and Portugal, news reports often use 'o indivíduo' to refer to a suspect or someone involved in an accident. It's a bit more 'distant' than 'pessoa'. You should also learn that 'indivíduo' is a 'substantivo sobrecomum'. This means it is always masculine. You say 'O indivíduo' even if you are talking about a woman. For example: 'Maria é um indivíduo muito dedicado'. This is a common test question in Portuguese! You can also start using it in simple writing to sound a bit more formal. Instead of saying 'Cada pessoa tem um sonho', you could say 'Cada indivíduo tem um sonho'. It makes your Portuguese sound a bit more advanced and precise.

At the B1 level, you are moving into more abstract topics, and 'indivíduo' becomes very useful. You will use it when discussing social issues, rights, and responsibilities. In B1, you should understand the concept of 'o indivíduo e a sociedade' (the individual and society). This is a common theme in intermediate Portuguese readings. You will notice that 'indivíduo' is used to emphasize the autonomy and uniqueness of a person. It's the word used when discussing human rights: 'os direitos do indivíduo'. You should also be comfortable with the plural form 'indivíduos' and ensure all your adjectives agree with it in the masculine form. For example, 'Indivíduos preparados têm mais chances'. You will also encounter the word in more technical contexts, like biology or basic psychology. In biology, it refers to a single organism. In psychology, it refers to the person as a distinct psychological entity. Start paying attention to the 'register' of the word. If you use it in a very casual conversation with friends, it might sound like you are being sarcastic or very formal. Understanding this social nuance is a key part of the B1 level.

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At the B2 level, you should have a firm grasp of the various nuances of 'indivíduo'. You understand that it is the standard term in legal, sociological, and scientific discourse. You can use it fluently in essays to discuss the role of the individual within a collective. You should also be aware of the slightly pejorative or suspicious tone it can take in colloquial speech, especially in Brazil. When someone says 'Aquele indivíduo...', they often mean 'that suspicious character'. You should be able to navigate these different registers effortlessly. Furthermore, at B2, you should distinguish between 'indivíduo' (the noun) and 'individual' (the adjective). You know that 'esforço individual' uses the adjective, while 'o indivíduo se esforça' uses the noun. You are also likely to encounter the word in more complex grammatical structures, such as 'O indivíduo, cujas ações foram questionadas...' (The individual, whose actions were questioned...). Your vocabulary should also include related words like 'individualismo' (individualism) and 'individualidade' (individuality), and you should know how they differ from the base noun 'indivíduo'.

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At the C1 level, you use 'indivíduo' with the precision of a native speaker. you understand its philosophical roots and its role in the development of Western thought. You can discuss the 'processo de individuação' in a psychological context or the 'direitos inalienáveis do indivíduo' in a political one. You are sensitive to the subtle shifts in meaning that occur when the word is used in different Lusophone cultures. For instance, you recognize the specific 'policialês' usage in Brazilian media and the more traditional, formal usage in Portuguese academic writing. You can also use the word to create specific stylistic effects in your own writing, such as using it to create a sense of clinical detachment or existential isolation. You are aware of the rare feminine form 'indivídua' but know that using the masculine 'indivíduo' for all genders is the mark of a sophisticated speaker. Your understanding of collocations is deep; you know when to use 'indivíduo' versus 'sujeito' or 'cidadão' based on the exact shade of meaning you wish to convey, whether it's legal standing, social agency, or mere physical presence.

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At the C2 level, 'indivíduo' is a tool for nuanced expression in the most complex discourses. You can analyze its use in classical Portuguese literature, where it might be used to explore the tension between the self and the state, or in modern scientific journals where it defines a unit of study. You understand the etymological journey from the Latin 'individuus' (indivisible) and how this concept has shaped Portuguese legal and social frameworks. You can engage in high-level debates about 'individualismo metodológico' or the 'ontologia do indivíduo'. In your own production, you use the word with absolute grammatical accuracy and perfect register control. You can switch from a highly formal academic tone to a subtle, ironic colloquial usage where 'indivíduo' is used to mock someone's pretensions. You are also familiar with how the word functions in various regional dialects of the Portuguese-speaking world, from Luanda to Lisbon to São Paulo. For a C2 learner, 'indivíduo' is not just a word for 'person'; it is a fundamental category of thought that you can manipulate to express the most delicate distinctions in human experience and social organization.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

indivíduo در ۳۰ ثانیه

A masculine noun meaning 'individual' or 'person'.
Used formally in law, science, and academic writing.
Commonly used in news to refer to unknown suspects.
Always masculine ('o indivíduo'), even for women.

The Portuguese word indivíduo is a multifaceted noun that primarily denotes a single human being, considered separately from a group or society. At its core, it represents the smallest unit of a social structure. While in English 'individual' can be an adjective or a noun, in Portuguese, 'indivíduo' is strictly a noun, though it carries significant weight in philosophical, legal, and biological contexts.

Core Concept: The state of being a distinct entity that cannot be divided without losing its essential nature.

In a sociological sense, an indivíduo is the subject of rights and duties. It is the person who votes, the person who works, and the person who experiences life. However, the word also has a specific nuance in everyday Brazilian and European Portuguese. It can sometimes be used to refer to someone whose name is unknown, often with a slightly formal or even suspicious undertone, similar to 'subject' or 'character' in English police reports.

Cada indivíduo tem o direito de expressar sua opinião livremente na sociedade moderna.

Biologically, the term extends beyond humans. It refers to any single organism, whether it be a plant, an animal, or a bacterium. This scientific usage is precise and lacks the social connotations of the human-centric definition. When a biologist speaks of an indivíduo, they are referring to a specific specimen within a species.

Legal Usage: In legal documents, it refers to a person as a singular legal entity capable of entering contracts or being held liable.

O indivíduo em questão foi visto saindo do banco às dez horas da manhã.

Furthermore, the word is used to emphasize uniqueness. In psychology, the process of 'individuação' (individuation) is the development of a distinct personality. Thus, calling someone an indivíduo can be a way of acknowledging their personal identity and autonomy, separating them from the 'massa' (the mass) or the 'multidão' (the crowd).

Philosophical Nuance: The tension between the individual and the collective is a central theme in Western philosophy, often using this term.

A liberdade do indivíduo termina onde começa a liberdade do outro.

Aquele indivíduo está nos seguindo há duas quadras.

Não podemos tratar cada indivíduo apenas como um número estatístico.

Using indivíduo correctly requires understanding its grammatical constraints and its stylistic registers. As a masculine noun, it always takes masculine articles and adjectives, regardless of the biological sex of the person being discussed. This is a common point of confusion for learners who might try to say 'a indivídua', which is technically non-standard in most formal contexts, though 'indivídua' exists in some dictionaries as a rare feminine form, it is best avoided in standard Portuguese.

Grammatical Agreement: Always use 'O indivíduo'. Example: 'O indivíduo, uma mulher de 30 anos, foi presa.' (The individual, a 30-year-old woman, was arrested).

In formal writing, such as essays, academic papers, or legal briefs, 'indivíduo' is the preferred term to discuss human agency and rights. It sounds more professional than 'pessoa' (person) when the focus is on the abstract concept of a human unit. For instance, in a sociology paper, you would write about 'o comportamento do indivíduo' (the behavior of the individual) rather than 'o comportamento da pessoa'.

O bem-estar do indivíduo deve ser a prioridade de qualquer sistema de saúde.

In contrast, in daily conversation, using 'indivíduo' can sound overly clinical or detached. If you are talking about your friend, you use 'pessoa' or 'cara'. If you use 'indivíduo' in a casual setting, you are likely doing so to create distance or to describe someone you don't know and perhaps don't trust. It is very common in news reports describing suspects: 'O indivíduo fugiu em um carro preto'.

Colloquial Nuance: Using 'um indivíduo' can be a polite way to say 'some guy' without being too informal, but it can also sound sarcastic.

Apareceu um indivíduo lá em casa querendo vender enciclopédias.

When describing biological specimens, the usage is straightforward. 'Cada indivíduo da espécie' (Each individual of the species). Here, it is purely descriptive and lacks any social or legal connotation. It is simply a count of units.

Observamos o comportamento de cada indivíduo na colônia de formigas.

O indivíduo isolado tem poucas chances de sobreviver na selva.

Common Phrasing: 'Indivíduo suspeito' is a very common collocation in news and police reports.

A polícia procura por um indivíduo de jaqueta azul.

É necessário respeitar a singularidade de cada indivíduo.

You will encounter indivíduo in a variety of settings, ranging from the most formal to specific colloquial contexts. Understanding where it appears helps in mastering the 'vibe' of the word. It is not a word you use to call your friend over for coffee, but it is a word you will hear on the nightly news or read in a psychology textbook.

News and Media: Journalists use it to describe people involved in crimes or incidents when their identity is not yet confirmed.

In the realm of academia, specifically in the social sciences, 'indivíduo' is the standard term. Professors and researchers discuss how the indivíduo interacts with the sociedade (society). In these contexts, the word is neutral and technical. It allows for a discussion of human behavior without the emotional weight that 'pessoa' might carry.

A sociologia estuda a relação entre o indivíduo e as instituições sociais.

Legal and bureaucratic settings are another common place for this word. When filling out complex forms or reading legal statutes, you might see references to 'o indivíduo' as a legal entity. It is used to define rights, such as 'os direitos do indivíduo' (the rights of the individual), which is a cornerstone of democratic legal systems.

Science and Biology: In biology class or documentaries, it refers to a single unit of any living species.

Este indivíduo da espécie canina apresenta características raras.

In literature and philosophy, authors use 'indivíduo' to explore themes of isolation, identity, and existentialism. A character might be described as a 'pobre indivíduo' (poor fellow) to emphasize their loneliness or insignificance in the face of a vast universe or a crushing bureaucracy.

Daily Life (Suspicion): If someone says 'Aquele indivíduo me parece estranho', they are expressing caution or distrust.

Havia um indivíduo parado na frente do prédio o dia todo.

O indivíduo moderno sofre com o excesso de informação.

Cada indivíduo deve ser responsável por suas próprias ações.

O médico analisou o indivíduo como um todo, não apenas os sintomas.

One of the most frequent errors learners make with indivíduo is attempting to change its gender. In Portuguese, some nouns are 'sobrecomuns', meaning they have a fixed gender regardless of the sex of the person they refer to. 'Indivíduo' is always masculine. Saying 'a indivídua' to refer to a woman is generally considered incorrect in standard Portuguese, even if you might hear it very rarely in specific regional slangs or as a joke.

Gender Error: Incorrect: 'Ela é uma indivídua inteligente.' Correct: 'Ela é um indivíduo inteligente.'

Another mistake is confusing 'indivíduo' (the noun) with 'individual' (the adjective). While they share the same root, they are used differently. If you want to say 'individual choice', you must use the adjective: 'escolha individual'. Using 'escolha indivíduo' is grammatically wrong. Conversely, don't use 'um individual' when you mean 'a person'; use 'um indivíduo'.

O indivíduo (noun) tem necessidades individuais (adjective).

Learners also often overuse 'indivíduo' in casual conversation. Because it sounds formal or clinical, using it to refer to your friends or family can make you sound like a robot or a police officer. Use 'pessoa', 'cara', 'sujeito' (if slightly informal), or 'alguém' instead. Reserve 'indivíduo' for when you are being precise, formal, or intentionally distant.

Pluralization: The plural is 'indivíduos'. Ensure the adjectives following it also agree: 'indivíduos conscientes'.

Muitos indivíduos preferem trabalhar sozinhos.

Finally, avoid using 'indivíduo' when you mean 'citizen' (cidadão) in a political context where civic duty is emphasized, or 'subject' (sujeito) in a grammatical context. While they overlap, 'indivíduo' is about the singular nature of the person, while 'cidadão' is about their relationship to the state.

False Cognate Alert: In English, 'individual' is very common as an adjective. In Portuguese, 'indivíduo' is ONLY a noun.

Aquele indivíduo não parece ser daqui.

Tratamos cada indivíduo com o máximo respeito.

Não conheço esse indivíduo.

O indivíduo é a base da democracia.

Portuguese has several words that mean 'person' or 'individual', each with its own nuance. Comparing indivíduo with these synonyms will help you choose the right word for the right situation. The most common alternative is 'pessoa', but there are others like 'sujeito', 'cidadão', and 'ser'.

Indivíduo vs. Pessoa: 'Pessoa' is the general, warm, and everyday term. 'Indivíduo' is technical, formal, or detached. You love a 'pessoa', but you study an 'indivíduo'.

Then there is 'sujeito'. In a grammatical sense, it means 'subject'. In a social sense, it is often used like 'guy' or 'fellow'. 'Aquele sujeito' is very similar to 'aquele indivíduo', but 'sujeito' feels slightly more informal and can be used in a wider range of social contexts, though it also carries a hint of 'some guy I don't know'.

O sujeito (guy) atravessou a rua correndo.

'Cidadão' (citizen) refers to a person in relation to their country and laws. While every 'cidadão' is an 'indivíduo', the word 'cidadão' implies rights, duties, and political belonging. You wouldn't use 'indivíduo' when talking about voting rights unless you were being very academic.

Indivíduo vs. Ser: 'Ser' is even more abstract. 'Um ser vivo' is a living being. 'Indivíduo' is more specific about the 'oneness' and 'separateness' of that being.

Todo ser humano busca a felicidade.

In legal contexts, you might also see 'pessoa física' (natural person) as opposed to 'pessoa jurídica' (legal entity/company). Here, 'indivíduo' is the underlying concept, but 'pessoa física' is the specific legal term used on tax forms and contracts.

Summary of Nuance: Use 'indivíduo' for: science, law, formal sociology, or describing a suspicious unknown person.

O indivíduo foi detido para averiguação.

A psicologia foca no indivíduo, a sociologia no grupo.

Não podemos ignorar as necessidades de cada indivíduo.

O indivíduo autônomo toma suas próprias decisões.

چقدر رسمی است؟

سطح دشواری

گرامر لازم

Substantivos sobrecomuns (nouns with one gender for both sexes)

Gender agreement with nouns

Pluralization of words ending in 'o'

Use of definite vs. indefinite articles

Adjective placement and agreement

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

O indivíduo é meu amigo.

The individual is my friend.

Indivíduo is masculine.

Aquele indivíduo é alto.

That individual is tall.

Use 'aquele' (masculine) with 'indivíduo'.

Um indivíduo está na rua.

An individual is in the street.

Indefinite article 'um' is masculine.

O indivíduo fala português.

The individual speaks Portuguese.

Subject-verb agreement.

Eu vejo o indivíduo.

I see the individual.

Direct object.

O indivíduo tem um carro.

The individual has a car.

Simple possession.

Quem é esse indivíduo?

Who is this individual?

Interrogative sentence.

O indivíduo gosta de café.

The individual likes coffee.

Verb 'gostar' with 'de'.

Cada indivíduo tem um nome.

Each individual has a name.

'Cada' is invariable.

O indivíduo, uma mulher, chegou cedo.

The individual, a woman, arrived early.

Note that 'indivíduo' remains masculine even for a woman.

A polícia procura o indivíduo.

The police are looking for the individual.

Common news context.

Não conheço esse indivíduo suspeito.

I don't know that suspicious individual.

Adjective 'suspeito' agrees with 'indivíduo'.

O indivíduo precisa de ajuda.

The individual needs help.

Verb 'precisar' with 'de'.

Muitos indivíduos vivem aqui.

Many individuals live here.

Plural form 'indivíduos'.

O indivíduo saiu sem dizer nada.

The individual left without saying anything.

Past tense (Pretérito Perfeito).

Aquele indivíduo é um bom trabalhador.

That individual is a good worker.

Noun-adjective agreement.

O indivíduo deve respeitar as leis da sociedade.

The individual must respect the laws of society.

Modal verb 'deve' + infinitive.

A liberdade do indivíduo é fundamental.

The freedom of the individual is fundamental.

Abstract noun usage.

Cada indivíduo da espécie foi catalogado.

Each individual of the species was cataloged.

Biological context.

O indivíduo moderno enfrenta muitos desafios.

The modern individual faces many challenges.

Sociological context.

É importante valorizar o indivíduo.

It is important to value the individual.

Impersonal expression 'É importante'.

O indivíduo agiu em legítima defesa.

The individual acted in self-defense.

Legal terminology.

Vimos um indivíduo estranho no jardim.

We saw a strange individual in the garden.

Colloquial usage implying suspicion.

A psicologia estuda o comportamento do indivíduo.

Psychology studies the behavior of the individual.

Academic context.

O bem comum não deve anular o indivíduo.

The common good should not nullify the individual.

Philosophical context.

O indivíduo em questão nega todas as acusações.

The individual in question denies all accusations.

Formal legal phrasing.

A autonomia do indivíduo é um pilar da democracia.

The autonomy of the individual is a pillar of democracy.

Political science context.

O indivíduo foi identificado pelas câmeras de segurança.

The individual was identified by security cameras.

Passive voice.

Cada indivíduo possui uma identidade única.

Each individual possesses a unique identity.

Focus on uniqueness.

O indivíduo, embora jovem, demonstrou grande maturidade.

The individual, although young, showed great maturity.

Concessive clause with 'embora'.

Não se pode tratar o indivíduo como um mero objeto.

One cannot treat the individual as a mere object.

Impersonal 'se'.

O indivíduo é influenciado pelo meio em que vive.

The individual is influenced by the environment in which they live.

Sociological theory.

A individuação é a realização plena do indivíduo.

Individuation is the full realization of the individual.

Jungian psychological term.

O Estado deve proteger a esfera privada do indivíduo.

The State must protect the individual's private sphere.

Constitutional law context.

O indivíduo, enquanto ser social, necessita de interação.

The individual, as a social being, needs interaction.

Use of 'enquanto' as 'as/while'.

A subjetividade do indivíduo é frequentemente ignorada.

The individual's subjectivity is often ignored.

Advanced abstract vocabulary.

O indivíduo é o átomo irredutível da análise sociológica.

The individual is the irreducible atom of sociological analysis.

Metaphorical academic usage.

Tal indivíduo agiu com total desrespeito às normas.

Such an individual acted with total disregard for the rules.

Use of 'tal' for emphasis/distancing.

O indivíduo, desprovido de recursos, buscou auxílio.

The individual, devoid of resources, sought help.

Participle clause.

A responsabilidade recai sobre o indivíduo, não sobre o grupo.

Responsibility falls on the individual, not the group.

Prepositional usage 'recair sobre'.

O indivíduo é a síntese de suas circunstâncias históricas.

The individual is the synthesis of their historical circumstances.

Philosophical/Historical synthesis.

A dissolução do indivíduo na massa é um risco constante.

The dissolution of the individual into the mass is a constant risk.

Existentialist theme.

O indivíduo, em sua singularidade ontológica, é inefável.

The individual, in their ontological uniqueness, is ineffable.

High-level metaphysical vocabulary.

Questiona-se a primazia do indivíduo sobre o coletivo.

The primacy of the individual over the collective is questioned.

Passive reflexive 'se'.

O indivíduo é o repositório de uma tradição milenar.

The individual is the repository of a millennial tradition.

Metaphorical usage.

Aquele indivíduo, de caráter duvidoso, urdiu uma trama complexa.

That individual, of doubtful character, wove a complex plot.

Literary/Dramatic register.

O indivíduo, premido pela necessidade, cometeu o deslize.

The individual, pressed by necessity, committed the slip.

Advanced participle 'premido'.

A apoteose do indivíduo marca o fim da era clássica.

The apotheosis of the individual marks the end of the classical era.

Historical/Artistic analysis.

ترکیب‌های رایج

indivíduo suspeito

direitos do indivíduo

cada indivíduo

indivíduo isolado

indivíduo consciente

liberdade do indivíduo

comportamento do indivíduo

indivíduo autônomo

um certo indivíduo

indivíduo da espécie

عبارات رایج

O indivíduo em questão

Respeitar o indivíduo

Apareceu um indivíduo

Todo indivíduo tem direito

O indivíduo e o grupo

Um indivíduo qualquer

Identificar o indivíduo

O indivíduo médio

Proteção ao indivíduo

O valor do indivíduo

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

indivíduo vs individual (adjective)

indivíduo vs pessoa (general term)

indivíduo vs sujeito (more informal/grammatical)

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Um belo indivíduo (ironic: a 'fine' character/troublemaker)"

"Indivíduo de má nota (person of bad reputation)"

"Cada indivíduo com seu uso (each to their own)"

"Indivíduo da pesada (a tough or problematic person)"

"O indivíduo é o que faz (a person is defined by their actions)"

"Ser um indivíduo à parte (to be someone unique/different)"

"Tratar como um indivíduo (to treat with personal respect)"

"O indivíduo não é de nada (the person is useless/unimportant)"

"Aquele indivíduo não me cheira bem (that person seems suspicious)"

"Indivíduo de luz (a person of great spirit/kindness - rare/poetic)"

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

indivíduo vs

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

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نحوه استفاده

nuance

Can be pejorative in Brazil if used for someone unknown.

formality

High formality in most contexts.

اشتباهات رایج

Saying 'a indivídua' for a woman.
Using 'indivíduo' as an adjective (e.g., 'trabalho indivíduo').
Forgetting the written accent on the 'í'.
Using it in very casual settings where 'pessoa' is better.
Making adjectives feminine when referring to a woman (e.g., 'O indivíduo foi ferida' - should be 'ferido').

نکات

Gender Trap

Always use masculine articles and adjectives with 'indivíduo'.

Formal Writing

Use 'indivíduo' to elevate the tone of your essays.

News Watch

When you hear 'indivíduo' on Brazilian TV, look for a crime story.

Stress Check

Don't miss the accent on the 'í'.

Avoid for Friends

Calling a friend 'um indivíduo' sounds very strange and distant.

Biology Tip

Use it to count single plants or animals in a study.

Legal Rights

It's the key word for 'individual rights' (direitos do indivíduo).

Synonym Variety

Mix 'indivíduo' with 'pessoa' and 'sujeito' to avoid repetition.

Context Clues

The surrounding words will tell you if it's a suspicious guy or a legal entity.

Cognate Power

Use the English 'individual' to remember the meaning, but not the grammar.

حفظ کنید

ریشه کلمه

Latin 'individuus'

بافت فرهنگی

Often used by police (PM) to refer to suspects: 'O indivíduo foi abordado'.

Used in formal academic and legal contexts with high frequency.

Similar formal usage, often in the context of civic rights.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"Você acha que o indivíduo é mais importante que o grupo?"

"Como um indivíduo pode mudar o mundo?"

"Você já viu algum indivíduo suspeito por aqui?"

"Qual é a responsabilidade do indivíduo na preservação do meio ambiente?"

"O que define a identidade de um indivíduo?"

موضوعات نگارش

Descreva um indivíduo que você admira.

Reflita sobre a relação entre o indivíduo e a tecnologia hoje.

O que significa ser um indivíduo livre para você?

Escreva sobre um momento em que você se sentiu apenas mais um indivíduo na multidão.

Como a sociedade pode proteger melhor o indivíduo?

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

In standard Portuguese, no. It is always 'o indivíduo', even for females.

It can be, if used to describe someone you know personally, as it sounds cold.

The plural is 'indivíduos'.

Yes, in biology it refers to a single organism of any species.

'Pessoa' is personal and common; 'indivíduo' is formal and technical.

In-di-VÍ-du-o. The stress is on the third syllable.

Yes, very common in news, law, and formal writing.

No, the adjective form is 'individual'.

It comes from the Latin 'individuus', meaning 'indivisible'.

Yes, it is used throughout the Portuguese-speaking world.

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