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B1 adjective 9 دقیقه مطالعه

abstracto

مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها abstracto در ۳۰ ثانیه
توضیح abstracto in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'abstracto' often, but you might see it in simple contexts like describing art. Think of it as the opposite of 'real' or 'concrete'. If you see a painting with just shapes and colors, it is 'abstracto'. At this stage, focus on the fact that it ends in 'o' for masculine things (o quadro abstracto) and 'a' for feminine things (a pintura abstracta). It is a 'cognate', which means it looks like the English word 'abstract', making it easy to remember. Just remember to pronounce the 'o' at the end! You might use it to say 'Eu não entendo arte abstracta' (I don't understand abstract art). This is a great word to start building your vocabulary for describing things you see in a museum or school.
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At the A2 level, you can begin using 'abstracto' to describe ideas that are not physical. You know more nouns now, so you can pair them with this adjective. For example, you can talk about 'ideias abstractas' (abstract ideas) or 'conceitos abstractos' (abstract concepts). You are starting to move beyond just naming objects (table, chair) and starting to talk about things you can't touch. A2 learners should practice the plural forms: 'abstractos' and 'abstractas'. You might hear a teacher say, 'A gramática pode ser um pouco abstracta' (Grammar can be a bit abstract). This level is about expanding the types of nouns you use with 'abstracto' and ensuring your gender agreement is consistent.
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As a B1 learner, 'abstracto' becomes a very useful tool for expressing complex thoughts. You are now expected to participate in discussions about more than just your daily routine. You can use 'abstracto' to contrast with 'concreto'. For example, 'Prefiro exemplos concretos a teorias abstractas' (I prefer concrete examples to abstract theories). This word helps you explain why something is difficult to understand. You can also use the adverb 'abstractamente' (abstractly) to describe how someone thinks or speaks. At B1, you should be comfortable using the word in academic or professional settings to describe plans, reports, or philosophical points. You are beginning to see the nuance between 'abstracto' and related words like 'vago' or 'teórico'.
At the B2 level, you use 'abstracto' with precision in various registers. You understand that in European Portuguese, the spelling 'abstracto' is common, while in Brazil, 'abstrato' is the norm. You can use the word to discuss art history, scientific theories, and legal principles. You might use it in a sentence like, 'O direito trata de normas abstractas que se aplicam a casos concretos' (Law deals with abstract norms that apply to concrete cases). You are also aware of the noun 'abstracção' (abstraction) and can use it to describe the mental process. Your pronunciation should be fluid, and you should be able to use the word in debates to steer a conversation toward general principles or away from irrelevant details.
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At the C1 level, 'abstracto' is a word you use to navigate high-level discourse with ease. you can discuss the 'grau de abstracção' (degree of abstraction) of a mathematical model or a philosophical argument. You use it to critique literature or art with sophistication, perhaps discussing how an author uses 'linguagem abstracta' to create a certain atmosphere. You are also sensitive to the stylistic effects of placing the adjective before the noun in literary contexts. You can distinguish perfectly between 'abstracto', 'conceptual', 'metafísico', and 'intangível'. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from a native speaker's, and you can use it to explain complex metaphors or the underlying logic of a system.
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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'abstracto' and its entire word family. You can use it in highly specialized fields, such as semiotics, advanced physics, or high-level jurisprudence. You might discuss 'a natureza abstracta da soberania' or 'a dialética entre o abstracto e o concreto'. You are aware of the historical evolution of the word and its spelling variations across the Lusophone world. You can use it ironically, poetically, or with extreme technical precision. For you, 'abstracto' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a fundamental tool for articulating the most subtle and complex aspects of human thought and existence. You can effortlessly switch between different registers and contexts where the word appears.
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مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

abstracto در ۳۰ ثانیه

  • Abstracto describes things that exist as ideas or concepts rather than physical objects you can touch, like 'justice' or 'happiness'.
  • In the world of art, it refers to styles that use shapes and colors instead of realistic pictures of people or places.
  • It is the direct opposite of 'concreto' (concrete) and is essential for academic, philosophical, and high-level professional discussions.
  • The word changes based on gender and number: abstracto, abstracta, abstractos, abstractas. In Brazil, it is usually spelled 'abstrato'.

The Portuguese word abstracto (often spelled abstrato in Brazil and under the new orthographic agreement, though the 'c' remains in many European contexts and formal documents) serves as a bridge between the physical world and the realm of pure thought. At its core, it describes something that does not have a concrete, physical, or tangible existence. When you speak of an idea like 'justice' or 'freedom,' you are dealing with concepts that are inherently abstracto. It is an essential term for B1 learners because it allows for the discussion of philosophy, art, and complex emotions.

Artistic Context
In the world of art, an 'arte abstracta' refers to work that does not attempt to represent external reality, but instead uses shapes, colors, forms, and gestural marks to achieve its effect. It is the opposite of figurative art.
Philosophical Context
Philosophically, it refers to the process of 'abstraction'—isolating a specific property or quality from a concrete object. For example, 'redness' is an abstract quality derived from seeing many red objects.

A matemática lida com conceitos puramente abstractos que explicam o universo físico.

People use this word when they want to distance a discussion from specific details and move toward general principles. If a conversation is becoming too bogged down in 'who did what,' someone might say 'Vamos falar de uma forma mais abstracta' (Let’s speak in a more abstract way) to focus on the underlying issues rather than the specific incident. It is a sign of higher-level linguistic competence to move from the concrete (the table, the chair, the person) to the abstract (furniture, humanity, existence).

Usage in Logic
Logical reasoning often requires 'pensamento abstracto', the ability to solve problems without needing to physically manipulate objects.

O amor é um sentimento abstracto, mas as suas consequências são muito reais.

Furthermore, the word is frequently used in academic settings. Whether you are studying law, sociology, or computer science, you will encounter 'abstracto' when discussing theories or data models. In computer science, an 'abstract class' is a blueprint for other classes, embodying the very definition of the word: a concept that exists to guide others but cannot be instantiated itself. Mastery of this word allows you to navigate intellectual discourse with precision and clarity.

Using abstracto correctly requires understanding its gender and number agreement, as it is an adjective. Like most Portuguese adjectives ending in '-o', it changes to 'abstracta' for feminine nouns, 'abstractos' for masculine plural, and 'abstractas' for feminine plural. This flexibility is key to sounding natural.

Masculine Singular
O conceito é demasiado abstracto para as crianças entenderem. (The concept is too abstract for children to understand.)
Feminine Singular
Ela prefere a pintura abstracta ao realismo. (She prefers abstract painting over realism.)

Eles discutiram ideias abstractas durante toda a noite.

Placement is also important. In Portuguese, adjectives usually follow the noun. Saying 'um conceito abstracto' is standard. However, placing it before the noun ('um abstracto conceito') can sometimes occur in poetic or highly formal literary contexts to emphasize the quality, though this is rare for this specific word. Most of the time, keep it after the noun to be safe and clear.

When using it to describe people, be careful. Calling a person 'abstracto' is not common. Instead, you might say someone is 'distraído' (distracted) if they are lost in thought. However, you can say 'Ele tem um pensamento muito abstracto' to compliment their ability to think theoretically. In professional settings, 'abstracto' is used to describe reports or summaries that lack specific data: 'O relatório é muito abstracto; precisamos de mais números' (The report is very abstract; we need more numbers).

Esta escultura abstracta representa a solidão urbana.

Finally, consider the adverbial form 'abstractamente' (abstractly). This is used to describe how an action is performed: 'Pensar abstractamente é uma habilidade humana fundamental' (Thinking abstractly is a fundamental human skill). By mastering these variations, you ensure that your use of the word is grammatically precise and contextually appropriate.

You will encounter abstracto in a variety of real-world settings, ranging from the halls of a university to the quiet corners of an art gallery. It is a 'high-register' word, meaning it appears more frequently in intellectual or formal discussions than in casual street slang. However, it is by no means obscure.

In Universities
Professors in philosophy, mathematics, and the arts use this word daily. You'll hear it in lectures like 'A natureza abstracta dos números' (The abstract nature of numbers).
In Museums
Audio guides and plaques in museums like the Museu Gulbenkian in Lisbon or the MASP in São Paulo will frequently use 'arte abstracta' to categorize works from the 20th century.

No exame de filosofia, pediram-nos para definir o conceito abstracto de verdade.

In the news and media, 'abstracto' is often used when discussing legislation or political promises. A journalist might criticize a politician by saying, 'As suas promessas são demasiado abstractas; o povo quer soluções concretas' (His promises are too abstract; the people want concrete solutions). This contrast between 'abstracto' and 'concreto' is a very common rhetorical device in Portuguese media.

You might also hear it in personal development or psychological contexts. Therapists might talk about 'medos abstractos' (abstract fears) like the fear of failure, as opposed to concrete fears like the fear of spiders. Even in daily life, if you are explaining a complicated plan that hasn't been finalized, you might say, 'Por enquanto, isto é apenas um plano abstracto' (For now, this is just an abstract plan).

O guia explicou que a pintura não era abstracta, mas sim surrealista.

In summary, while you might not use it to buy bread at the 'padaria,' you will certainly need it to engage with Portuguese culture, education, and professional life. It is a word that signals you are thinking deeply and looking beyond the immediate surface of things.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make with abstracto is related to spelling and pronunciation. Because the English word 'abstract' is so similar, learners often forget the 'o' at the end or misplace the stress. In Portuguese, the stress is on the 'tra' syllable: abs-TRA-cto.

Spelling Confusion
Learners often write 'abstrato' and wonder if it's wrong. In Brazil, 'abstrato' is the standard. In Portugal, both are seen, but 'abstracto' was the historical standard. Using the English spelling 'abstract' is a common typo.
Agreement Errors
Forgetting to change the ending for feminine nouns. *'A ideia é abstracto'* is incorrect; it must be *'A ideia é abstracta'*.

Errado: O pensamento é abstracta. (Wrong gender agreement)

Another mistake is using 'abstracto' when 'vago' (vague) would be more appropriate. While they are related, 'abstracto' refers to the nature of the concept, while 'vago' refers to a lack of clarity. If someone gives you directions that are hard to follow, they are 'vagas', not 'abstractas'. Using 'abstracto' there might imply the person is speaking in philosophical riddles rather than just being unclear.

Finally, be careful with the pronunciation of the 'ct' cluster. In many European Portuguese dialects, the 'c' is silent, but it opens the sound of the 'a'. In Brazilian Portuguese, where it is spelled 'abstrato', the 'c' is gone entirely. Trying to pronounce a hard 'k' sound in the middle of the word (like 'abs-TRAK-to') can sound very foreign and forced to a native speaker's ears. Aim for a smooth transition.

Correto: Ela tem uma mente abstracta.

To avoid these mistakes, always check the gender of the noun you are describing and listen to how native speakers from the specific region you are in pronounce the word. Practice saying 'abstracto' and 'concreto' as a pair to internalize the contrast.

While abstracto is a powerful word, sometimes a different term will fit your meaning more precisely. Understanding these nuances is what separates a B1 learner from a C1 expert.

Teórico vs. Abstracto
'Teórico' (theoretical) is used when something is based on a theory or hypothesis. While a theoretical idea is often abstract, 'teórico' implies a structured system of thought. You have a 'conhecimento teórico' (theoretical knowledge) of a language.
Imaterial vs. Abstracto
'Imaterial' (immaterial) is used for things that lack physical substance, often in a spiritual or legal sense. A 'bem imaterial' (intangible asset) like a patent is not just abstract; it is a legally defined non-physical entity.
Vago vs. Abstracto
As mentioned before, 'vago' (vague) implies a lack of detail or clarity. 'A sua resposta foi muito vaga' means the person didn't give enough information, not necessarily that they were being philosophical.

O artista explicou que a sua obra era conceptual, mais do que simplesmente abstracta.

Another useful alternative is 'Conceptual'. While 'abstracto' describes the nature of the object, 'conceptual' describes the focus on the idea (the concept) behind it. In modern art, 'arte conceptual' is a specific movement where the idea is more important than the physical work itself. If you want to say something is hard to grasp because it's so far removed from reality, you might use 'metafísico' (metaphysical).

Finally, the word 'genérico' (generic) can sometimes replace 'abstracto' when talking about groups. Instead of 'um homem abstracto' (an abstract man), you would say 'o homem em geral' or 'um homem genérico'. Using the right word shows you understand the specific flavor of the non-physicality you are describing. 'Abstracto' remains the best choice for pure ideas, non-representational art, and high-level logic.

چقدر رسمی است؟

رسمی

""

خنثی

""

غیر رسمی

""

Child friendly

""

عامیانه

""

نکته جالب

The word originally referred to the act of physically pulling something away before it became a term for mental isolation of ideas.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK /ɐpʃ.ˈtɾa.ktu/
US /ab.ˈstɾa.tu/
The primary stress is on the second syllable: abs-TRA-cto.
هم‌قافیه با
impacto exacto tacto facto compacto contacto redacto didacto
خطاهای رایج
  • Pronouncing the 'c' too harshly in European Portuguese (it's often silent).
  • Stress on the first syllable (ABS-tracto) like in English.
  • Pronouncing the final 'o' as an open 'oh' instead of a closed 'u'.
  • Missing the 's' sound entirely.
  • Forgetting to nasalize or soften the 'a' depending on the region.

سطح دشواری

خواندن 2/5

Easy to recognize due to English similarity.

نوشتن 3/5

Must remember gender agreement and the 'c' in PT-PT.

صحبت کردن 4/5

Stress and the 'ct' cluster can be tricky for beginners.

گوش دادن 3/5

Can be missed if the final 'o' is swallowed by a native speaker.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

ideia coisa real pintura entender

بعداً یاد بگیرید

concreto teoria abstracção conceptual essencial

پیشرفته

ontológico metafísico epistemológico intangível intrínseco

گرامر لازم

Adjective-Noun Agreement

A ideia (fem) é abstracta (fem).

Adjective Placement

Um conceito (noun) abstracto (adj).

Adverb Formation with -mente

Abstracto -> Abstractamente.

Substantivation of Adjectives

O abstracto (using the adjective as 'the abstract').

Silent Consonants (PT-PT)

The 'c' in 'abstracto' influences the 'a' but is often not fully voiced.

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

1

O quadro é abstracto.

The painting is abstract.

Masculine singular agreement.

2

Eu gosto de arte abstracta.

I like abstract art.

Feminine singular agreement.

3

Isto é muito abstracto.

This is very abstract.

Using 'isto' (this) as a neutral subject.

4

A pintura não é abstracta.

The painting is not abstract.

Negative sentence structure.

5

Vemos formas abstractas.

We see abstract shapes.

Feminine plural agreement.

6

O desenho é simples e abstracto.

The drawing is simple and abstract.

Connecting two adjectives with 'e'.

7

Ela faz arte abstracta.

She makes abstract art.

Present tense of 'fazer'.

8

Não é um cavalo, é abstracto.

It's not a horse, it's abstract.

Contrasting a noun with an adjective.

1

A ideia de tempo é abstracta.

The idea of time is abstract.

Linking a noun phrase to an adjective.

2

Eles discutem temas abstractos.

They discuss abstract themes.

Masculine plural agreement.

3

O amor é um conceito abstracto.

Love is an abstract concept.

Adjective following the noun.

4

A matemática tem muitos elementos abstractos.

Mathematics has many abstract elements.

Use of 'muitos' with the adjective.

5

Esta música parece muito abstracta.

This music seems very abstract.

Using the verb 'parecer' (to seem).

6

Os planos ainda são abstractos.

The plans are still abstract.

Plural agreement with 'planos'.

7

Ela explicou o lado abstracto da vida.

She explained the abstract side of life.

Using 'lado' (side) as a noun.

8

Nós não usamos palavras abstractas.

We don't use abstract words.

Feminine plural agreement.

1

É difícil entender um pensamento tão abstracto.

It's hard to understand such an abstract thought.

Use of 'tão' (so) for emphasis.

2

O relatório é demasiado abstracto para ser útil.

The report is too abstract to be useful.

Use of 'demasiado... para...' structure.

3

Precisamos de passar do abstracto para o concreto.

We need to move from the abstract to the concrete.

Using adjectives as substantives with 'o'.

4

Ela fala de uma forma muito abstracta.

She speaks in a very abstract way.

Adverbial phrase 'de uma forma...'.

5

A justiça é um valor abstracto mas essencial.

Justice is an abstract but essential value.

Contrasting with 'mas' (but).

6

O filósofo propôs uma teoria abstracta.

The philosopher proposed an abstract theory.

Past tense of 'propor'.

7

Não fiques apenas no plano abstracto.

Don't stay only on the abstract plane.

Imperative negative form.

8

Existem várias definições abstractas de beleza.

There are several abstract definitions of beauty.

Use of 'existem' (there are).

1

A arte abstracta rompeu com a tradição figurativa.

Abstract art broke with the figurative tradition.

Historical past tense 'rompeu'.

2

O argumento dele era demasiado abstracto para o júri.

His argument was too abstract for the jury.

Preposition 'para' indicating the recipient.

3

A capacidade de pensamento abstracto distingue-nos.

The capacity for abstract thought distinguishes us.

Noun phrase as subject.

4

Ela estuda a relação entre o abstracto e o real.

She studies the relationship between the abstract and the real.

Use of 'entre' (between).

5

Muitas leis são redigidas em termos abstractos.

Many laws are drafted in abstract terms.

Passive voice 'são redigidas'.

6

O autor utiliza metáforas bastante abstractas.

The author uses quite abstract metaphors.

Use of 'bastante' as an intensifier.

7

A discussão tornou-se demasiado abstracta e teórica.

The discussion became too abstract and theoretical.

Pronominal verb 'tornar-se'.

8

Ele tem dificuldade em lidar com conceitos abstractos.

He has difficulty dealing with abstract concepts.

Phrase 'ter dificuldade em'.

1

A obra de Kandinsky é um marco na pintura abstracta.

Kandinsky's work is a milestone in abstract painting.

Possessive phrase with 'de'.

2

O texto peca por ser excessivamente abstracto.

The text fails by being excessively abstract.

Idiomatic use of 'pecar por'.

3

A abstracção permite-nos generalizar experiências.

Abstraction allows us to generalize experiences.

Noun form 'abstracção' as subject.

4

O problema foi abordado de um ponto de vista abstracto.

The problem was approached from an abstract point of view.

Passive voice with agent.

5

A matemática pura é o domínio do pensamento abstracto.

Pure mathematics is the domain of abstract thought.

Definite article before noun.

6

As suas críticas eram abstractas e sem fundamento.

His criticisms were abstract and groundless.

Compound adjective phrase.

7

A poesia moderna recorre frequentemente ao abstracto.

Modern poetry frequently resorts to the abstract.

Verb 'recorrer a'.

8

É um erro confundir o abstracto com o inexistente.

It is a mistake to confuse the abstract with the non-existent.

Infinitive as subject.

1

A ontologia estuda o ser enquanto conceito abstracto.

Ontology studies being as an abstract concept.

Use of 'enquanto' (as/while).

2

O tratado discorre sobre a natureza abstracta do poder.

The treatise discourses on the abstract nature of power.

Formal verb 'discorrer'.

3

Houve uma deriva para o abstracto na sua fase final.

There was a drift toward the abstract in his final phase.

Noun 'deriva' (drift).

4

A linguagem jurídica exige um alto nível de rigor abstracto.

Legal language requires a high level of abstract rigor.

Collocation 'rigor abstracto'.

5

O sistema é uma representação abstracta da realidade.

The system is an abstract representation of reality.

Noun 'representação'.

6

A beleza, no seu sentido mais abstracto, é subjectiva.

Beauty, in its most abstract sense, is subjective.

Superlative 'mais abstracto'.

7

O autor evita o concreto em favor do abstracto.

The author avoids the concrete in favor of the abstract.

Phrase 'em favor de'.

8

A teorização abstracta precede muitas vezes a descoberta.

Abstract theorizing often precedes discovery.

Noun 'teorização'.

ترکیب‌های رایج

arte abstracta
conceito abstracto
pensamento abstracto
ideia abstracta
termo abstracto
nível abstracto
forma abstracta
raciocínio abstracto
valor abstracto
pintura abstracta

عبارات رایج

Falar no abstracto

— To speak in generalities without specific examples.

Não vamos falar no abstracto; diga-me nomes.

Em abstracto

— In theory or in general.

Em abstracto, a ideia parece boa.

Do abstracto ao concreto

— Moving from ideas to practical reality.

Temos de passar do abstracto ao concreto agora.

Puro abstracto

— Something completely removed from reality.

O que ele diz é puro abstracto.

Ficar no abstracto

— To fail to provide details or take action.

O plano não pode ficar apenas no abstracto.

Sentido abstracto

— A non-literal or theoretical meaning.

Usei a palavra no seu sentido abstracto.

Beleza abstracta

— Beauty found in forms rather than subjects.

A matemática tem uma beleza abstracta.

Mundo abstracto

— The realm of thoughts and ideas.

Ele vive no seu próprio mundo abstracto.

Lógica abstracta

— Reasoning based on formal principles.

A lógica abstracta é a base da programação.

Nomes abstractos

— Nouns that refer to ideas (grammar term).

Amor e ódio são nomes abstractos.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"Viver nas nuvens"

— To be distracted or lost in abstract thought (similar context).

Ele vive nas nuvens, sempre a pensar em coisas abstractas.

informal
"Perder-se em teorias"

— To become too focused on abstract ideas and lose sight of reality.

Não te percas em teorias abstractas.

neutral
"Castelos no ar"

— Abstract plans or dreams with no foundation.

Isso são apenas castelos no ar e ideias abstractas.

informal
"Chover no molhado"

— To repeat something abstract or obvious without adding value.

Falar disso agora é chover no molhado e muito abstracto.

informal
"Pôr os pontos nos is"

— To move from the abstract to the specific/detailed.

Vamos pôr os pontos nos is e deixar o abstracto de lado.

neutral
"Dar nós no cérebro"

— When an abstract concept is too difficult to understand.

Esta filosofia dá nós no cérebro, é muito abstracta.

informal
"Ver o quadro geral"

— To think abstractly about a situation as a whole.

Tens de ver o quadro geral de forma abstracta.

neutral
"Ir direto ao assunto"

— To avoid abstract talk and get to the point.

Deixa o abstracto e vai direto ao assunto.

neutral
"Estar noutro planeta"

— To be completely disconnected from concrete reality.

Ele está noutro planeta com essas ideias abstractas.

informal
"Não ter pés nem cabeça"

— When an abstract idea makes no sense.

Essa tua teoria abstracta não tem pés nem cabeça.

informal

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

فعل‌ها

صفت‌ها

مرتبط

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روش یادسپاری

Think of an 'ABS-TRAC-TO' as a 'TRACk' that leads 'ABSent' from reality. It's an idea that is absent from the physical world.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a painting with no people or things, just floating triangles and circles. That is 'abstracto'.

شبکه واژگان

Arte Filosofia Lógica Ideia Conceito Imaterial Teoria Mente

چالش

Try to name five things you can touch (concreto) and five things you cannot touch (abstracto) in Portuguese.

ریشه کلمه

From the Latin 'abstractus', which is the past participle of 'abstrahere'.

معنای اصلی: 'Drawn away' or 'dragged away' (abs- 'away' + trahere 'to draw').

Romance (Latinate).

بافت فرهنگی

No specific sensitivities, though in very casual settings, being called 'abstracto' might imply you are hard to understand or 'out of it'.

English speakers find this word easy because it is a near-perfect cognate, but they must be careful with the Portuguese tendency to use it more in philosophy.

Fernando Pessoa's philosophical poems Kandinsky's influence in Portuguese art schools The 'Movimento Abstracionista' in Brazil

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Art Gallery

  • Esta obra é abstracta?
  • Gosto do estilo abstracto.
  • O que representa este quadro abstracto?
  • Prefiro arte figurativa.

University

  • É um conceito muito abstracto.
  • A teoria é abstracta.
  • Vamos analisar o caso em abstracto.
  • Preciso de um exemplo concreto.

Business Meeting

  • O plano é demasiado abstracto.
  • Precisamos de detalhes, não de ideias abstractas.
  • Isso é muito abstracto para o cliente.
  • Vamos sair do plano abstracto.

Philosophy Class

  • A verdade é um valor abstracto.
  • O pensamento abstracto é vital.
  • Discutir o abstracto.
  • A natureza abstracta do ser.

Daily Conversation

  • Estás a ser muito abstracto.
  • Não entendo coisas abstractas.
  • É apenas uma ideia abstracta.
  • Falar de forma abstracta.

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"O que achas da arte abstracta? Preferes quadros que parecem fotografias?"

"Achas que a matemática é puramente abstracta ou tem uma base real?"

"Consegues dar-me um exemplo de um conceito abstracto que seja importante para ti?"

"Porque é que algumas pessoas têm dificuldade em entender o pensamento abstracto?"

"Se tivesses de pintar um sentimento abstracto, como a felicidade, que cores usarias?"

موضوعات نگارش

Escreve sobre um conceito abstracto (como a liberdade ou o tempo) e o que ele significa para ti em termos concretos.

Descreve a última vez que viste uma obra de arte abstracta. O que sentiste ao olhar para ela?

Pensa num problema que tens. Tenta analisá-lo de uma forma abstracta, sem usar nomes de pessoas.

Achas que o ensino nas escolas é demasiado abstracto? Como poderiam torná-lo mais prático?

Reflete sobre a diferença entre uma vida baseada em ideias abstractas e uma vida focada no presente concreto.

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