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B2 verb 10 دقیقه مطالعه

贬低

biǎndī

تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها 贬低 در ۳۰ ثانیه

توضیح 贬低 in your Level:

At the A1 level, the word '贬低' (biǎndī) is quite advanced. However, you can understand it as a way of saying 'not good' or 'speaking bad' about someone. Imagine you have a beautiful drawing, and someone says, 'This is ugly.' That person is '贬低' your work. They are making something you like seem 'low' (低). At this stage, you don't need to use this word in your own speaking, but you might see the character '低' (dī) which means 'low' (like a low table or a low voice). Think of '贬低' as the opposite of 'praise.' While you learn simple words like '好' (good) and '不好' (not good), '贬低' is a much more specific way to say someone is making something feel 'not good.' It is important to know that in Chinese culture, being polite is very important, so '贬低' is generally seen as a very rude action. If you see this word in a story, look for the character '低' and remember it involves making something or someone feel small or unimportant. You can compare it to '看' (look) and '不' (not) and '好' (good) – looking at something as if it's not good. As you progress, you will see this word used when people are being mean to each other in cartoons or simple dialogues.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more verbs that describe social interactions. '贬低' (biǎndī) is a verb you might hear when people are talking about feelings or how they were treated. It means 'to belittle.' You can break it down: '贬' (biǎn) means to decrease or lower, and '低' (dī) means low. So, '贬低' is to 'lower' someone's value. For example, if you say 'He belittled my English,' in Chinese you would say '他贬低了我的英语.' This is a useful word to know if you want to describe someone who is being a 'bully' or is very negative. You might also see it in simple news headlines about people arguing. At this level, you should focus on the basic pattern: [Person A] + 贬低 + [Person B's thing/ability]. It is different from '不喜欢' (don't like). You can '不喜欢' a movie without '贬低' it. To '贬低' it, you have to say things that make the movie seem worthless. It is a more active and negative word. You might also encounter its opposite, '赞美' (zànměi - to praise). Learning these two together will help you describe how people talk about each other's work or hobbies. Remember, '贬低' is a 'doing' word – it's something people say or do to make others feel bad.

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At the B1 level, you are moving into more abstract topics, and '贬低' (biǎndī) becomes a very important vocabulary item. You will start to see it in articles about psychology, workplace relationships, and social issues. At this level, you should understand that '贬低' is not just about saying something is 'bad,' but about intentionally reducing its perceived worth. For example, in a workplace, a colleague might '贬低' your ideas so that their own ideas look better. This is a common theme in intermediate reading materials. You should also learn the phrase '自我贬低' (zìwǒ biǎndī), which means 'self-deprecation' or 'belittling oneself.' This is often discussed in the context of self-confidence and mental health. You will also notice that '贬低' is a '贬义词' (biǎnyìcí), which means it is a word with a negative connotation. You wouldn't use it to describe a fair or helpful critique. In your writing, you can use '贬低' to add more depth to your descriptions of conflict. Instead of saying '他说我的作业不好' (He said my homework was bad), you could say '他贬低了我的作业' (He disparaged my homework), which sounds much more sophisticated and conveys a sense of unfairness. You should also be able to distinguish it from '降低' (jiàngdī), which is for physical things like prices or temperatures.

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At the B2 level, '贬低' (biǎndī) is a word you should be able to use fluently and accurately in various contexts. This is the level where you distinguish between '贬低' and its many synonyms like '诋毁' (slander), '藐视' (despise), and '轻视' (underestimate). You should understand that '贬低' specifically refers to the act of verbal or written depreciation. It is often used in formal critiques, political discourse, and social commentary. For instance, you might read an essay about how modern society '贬低' the value of manual labor. Here, the word isn't just about an individual being mean, but about a systemic or cultural attitude. You should also be comfortable using the passive voice with '贬低,' such as '他的成就被严重贬低了' (His achievements were severely belittled). This shows a high level of grammatical control. At B2, you are expected to understand the nuance that '贬低' often implies a gap between the actual value of something and the way it is being described. It is a word about bias. You might also see it in legal or ethical discussions regarding '贬低他人人格' (belittling someone's character/dignity), which is a serious matter in Chinese law and social ethics. Your ability to use this word correctly in a debate or a formal letter will demonstrate your grasp of professional Chinese.

At the C1 level, '贬低' (biǎndī) is treated as a foundational element for more complex rhetorical structures. You should explore its usage in classical and modern literature, where it might be used to describe subtle power dynamics between characters. A C1 learner should be able to analyze the 'why' behind the '贬低.' Is it out of jealousy? Is it a rhetorical strategy to win an argument? You will encounter the word in high-level academic papers, perhaps in sociology or philosophy, discussing the '贬低' of certain ideologies or cultural identities. You should also be aware of its historical roots; the character '贬' was used in ancient China for the 'demotion' of officials (贬官), which adds a layer of 'loss of status' to the word. In sophisticated writing, you can use '贬低' to contrast with '抬高' (to elevate) or '捧' (to flatter/extol). You should also be able to use it metaphorically. For example, '这种行为贬低了法律的尊严' (This behavior belittled the dignity of the law). At this level, you are not just learning the word; you are learning the weight it carries in the Chinese intellectual tradition. You should be able to identify when '贬低' is being used as a tool for 'gaslighting' or emotional manipulation in complex narratives. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the subtle social boundaries that the word '贬低' often marks.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of '贬低' (biǎndī) and can use it with the precision of a native speaker in any context, from academic lectures to high-stakes negotiations. You understand the word's place within the broader spectrum of Chinese 'judgment' vocabulary. You can use it to deconstruct complex social phenomena, such as the '贬低' of intellectualism in certain historical periods. You are also familiar with how '贬低' interacts with other sophisticated terms like '不屑一顾' (to not even spare a glance) or '嗤之以鼻' (to treat with contempt). A C2 learner can use '贬低' in a self-reflective way to discuss the nuances of Chinese 'modesty' (谦逊) versus 'self-abasement' (卑微). You can articulate how the act of '贬低' can be a form of 'symbolic violence' in sociological terms. In high-level translation work, you would know exactly when '贬低' is the right choice over 'disparage,' 'denigrate,' or 'demean,' based on the specific cultural and situational cues of the text. You also understand the irony when someone '贬低' something that is obviously superior, using the word to highlight the speaker's own insecurity or ignorance. At this level, the word is a tool for deep critical analysis, allowing you to navigate and contribute to the most complex discussions in the Chinese-speaking world.

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تمرین کن مثال‌ها نکات و راهنمایی‌ها

贬低 در ۳۰ ثانیه

贬低 (biǎndī) is a B2-level verb meaning to belittle, disparage, or diminish the value of someone or something through words or attitude.
It is composed of '贬' (to lower/censure) and '低' (low), emphasizing the act of pushing something down from its true worth.
Commonly used in professional and social contexts to describe unfair criticism, workplace bullying, or self-deprecating behavior (自我贬低).
It differs from '降低' (physical lowering) and '贬值' (economic depreciation), focusing instead on abstract reputation and perceived importance.

The Chinese verb 贬低 (biǎndī) is a powerful and nuanced term used to describe the act of diminishing the value, importance, or status of someone or something through speech or attitude. In English, it is most closely translated as 'to belittle,' 'to disparage,' or 'to depreciate.' Unlike simple criticism, which might be constructive, 贬低 often carries a negative, subjective intent to make the target seem inferior or less worthy than they actually are. It is a word frequently encountered in discussions about social dynamics, professional competition, and personal relationships.

Core Meaning: To intentionally lower the perceived value or reputation of a person, an achievement, or an object.
Tone and Register: It is generally a formal to semi-formal word, often used in literature, news reporting, and psychological contexts, though it appears in serious daily conversations as well.

In social contexts, 贬低 is often used to describe toxic behavior. For instance, if a manager consistently ignores a subordinate's hard work or attributes their success to luck, they are 贬低 that employee's contributions. In the realm of marketing, a company might be accused of 贬低 its competitors to gain an unfair advantage. The word is composed of two characters: 贬 (biǎn), which historically referred to a decrease in rank or value, and 低 (dī), meaning low. Together, they create a vivid image of pushing something down from its rightful height.

你不需要通过贬低别人来抬高自己。(Nǐ bù xūyào tōngguò biǎndī biérén lái táigāo zìjǐ.)
You don't need to belittle others to elevate yourself.

Furthermore, 贬低 can be used in academic or artistic critiques. When a critic suggests that a masterpiece is merely 'amateur work,' they are 贬低 the artistic merit of the piece. It is also used in the context of currencies (though 贬值 is more common for economic value) and abstract concepts like 'values' or 'ideals.' For example, a society might be criticized for 贬低 traditional virtues in favor of modern materialism.

这种刻板印象贬低了女性在职场中的作用。(Zhèzhǒng kèbǎn yìnxiàng biǎndīle nǚxìng zài zhíchǎng zhōng de zuòyòng.)
This stereotype belittles the role of women in the workplace.

Psychological Context: Self-deprecation (自我贬低) is a common trait where individuals talk down their own abilities, often as a defense mechanism or due to low self-esteem.

In summary, 贬低 is a versatile verb used across various domains to describe the act of stripping away the honor, quality, or significance of a person or thing. Understanding this word helps learners navigate complex emotional and professional interactions in Chinese, allowing them to identify and describe unfair treatment or biased critiques accurately.

Using 贬低 (biǎndī) correctly requires an understanding of its transitive nature. As a verb, it typically follows a subject (the person or entity doing the belittling) and precedes an object (the person or thing being belittled). The grammar is straightforward, but the impact of the word depends heavily on the context of the sentence.

不要贬低他人的努力。(Bùyào biǎndī tārén de nǔlì.)
Don't disparage the efforts of others.

One common structure is Subject + 贬低 + Object. This is the most direct way to express the action. For example, '老板贬低了我的建议' (The boss belittled my suggestion). Here, the focus is on the action of the boss and the target being the suggestion. You can also add adverbs to modify the intensity, such as '故意' (deliberately), '无理地' (unreasonably), or '过度' (excessively).

Common Adverbial Modifiers: 恶意 (èyì): Maliciously. '他恶意贬低对手。' (He maliciously belittled his opponent.); 不断 (bùduàn): Constantly. '她不断贬低自己的成就。' (She constantly belittles her own achievements.)

Another important structure is the passive voice using 被 (bèi). This is used when the focus is on the person or thing experiencing the belittlement. For example, '他的工作成果被上司贬低了' (His work results were belittled by his superior). This structure is very common in formal reports or when expressing grievances. It highlights the feeling of being undervalued.

没有人喜欢被他人贬低。(Méiyǒu rén xǐhuān bèi tārén biǎndī.)
No one likes to be belittled by others.

In more complex sentences, 贬低 can be used in a comparative sense, often with the construction 通过...来... (through... to...). For example, '他试图通过贬低别人来显出自己的高明' (He tries to show his own brilliance by belittling others). This usage is very common in social commentary and psychological analysis. Finally, remember that '贬低' can also be used as a noun in certain formal contexts, though it remains primarily a verb. For instance, '这种贬低是无法接受的' (This kind of disparagement is unacceptable).

The word 贬低 (biǎndī) is a staple in professional, academic, and media environments in China. While you might not hear it in a casual 'What's for dinner?' conversation, it appears as soon as the topic shifts to social dynamics or evaluations of worth. In the workplace, it is a key term in discussions about HR policies, workplace bullying, and performance reviews. If an employee feels their contributions are being ignored, they might use this word to describe their experience to a friend or a therapist.

In the Media: News outlets often use 贬低 when discussing international relations or trade wars. For example, '某国媒体贬低了我们的科技进步' (The media of a certain country belittled our technological progress).

In literary and cinematic critiques, 贬低 is used to describe how certain groups or ideas are portrayed. A film review might state that a movie '贬低了历史人物的形象' (belittled the image of a historical figure). This highlights the word's role in discussing the 'representation' and 'reputation' of entities in the public eye. You will also find it in legal contexts, particularly in cases involving defamation or damage to one's professional standing.

这种广告通过贬低竞争对手来吸引顾客，是不道德的。(Zhèzhǒng guǎnggào tōngguò biǎndī jìngzhēng duìshǒu lái xīyǐn gùkè, shì bù dàodé de.)
This advertisement is immoral because it attracts customers by belittling competitors.

In educational settings, teachers might use the word when discussing ethics or social behavior. Students are taught not to 贬低 their peers. In the age of social media, the word has gained even more relevance. Discussions about 'cyberbullying' (网络暴力) often involve the word 贬低, as online harassment frequently takes the form of disparaging comments aimed at an individual's appearance, intelligence, or background.

Lastly, in self-help and psychological discourse, 贬低 is used to discuss 'self-talk.' Experts warn against '自我贬低' (self-belittlement), encouraging people to recognize their own value. Therefore, whether you are reading a high-brow academic paper, a modern novel, or a workplace grievance report, 贬低 is the go-to word for describing the unfair reduction of value.

Learners of Chinese often encounter a few hurdles when using 贬低 (biǎndī). The most frequent mistake is confusing it with words that have similar meanings but different applications, such as 降低 (jiàngdī) or 贬值 (biǎnzhí). While all three involve 'lowering' something, their objects are very specific.

贬低 vs. 降低: 降低 is used for physical height, levels, or measurable standards (e.g., 降低温度 - lower the temperature). 贬低 is for abstract value or status (e.g., 贬低人格 - belittle someone's character). You cannot say '贬低温度'.
贬低 vs. 贬值: 贬值 refers specifically to the loss of economic value or currency depreciation (e.g., 货币贬值). 贬低 refers to the act of speaking or thinking poorly of something. If you say '他的画贬值了', it means the price went down. If you say '他贬低了这幅画', it means he spoke badly about it.

Another common error is the misuse of the word in a positive context. Because 贬 (biǎn) is inherently negative (linked to demotion and censure), 贬低 cannot be used to mean 'humble' in a positive way. Some learners mistakenly use it when they want to say they are being modest. In Chinese, the word for modesty is 谦虚 (qiānxū). Saying '我贬低我的能力' sounds like you are self-destructively attacking yourself, rather than being politely modest.

错误：他贬低了房子的价格。(Incorrect: He belittled the price of the house.)
正确：他压低了房子的价格。(Correct: He pushed down the price of the house.)

Syntactically, learners sometimes forget that 贬低 is a transitive verb and try to use it with '对' (duì) like '对他贬低'. While you can say '对他进行贬低' (carry out belittling towards him), the most natural way is simply '贬低他'. Over-complicating the sentence structure is a hallmark of intermediate learners. Keep it simple: Subject + 贬低 + Object.

Finally, avoid using 贬低 when you mean 'to criticize' (批评). Criticism can be objective and based on facts. 贬低 is almost always subjective and intended to hurt or diminish. If a teacher points out a typo, that is not 贬低. If a teacher says the student is 'stupid' because of a typo, that is 贬低.

Chinese has a rich vocabulary for expressing negative attitudes towards others. Understanding the differences between 贬低 (biǎndī) and its synonyms will greatly enhance your linguistic precision. Here, we compare 贬低 with four closely related terms: 诋毁 (dǐhuǐ), 轻视 (qīngshì), 蔑视 (mièshì), and 看不起 (kànbuqǐ).

贬低 vs. 诋毁 (dǐhuǐ): 诋毁 is stronger and more malicious. It involves spreading lies or slandering someone to ruin their reputation. 贬低 can just be an opinion or a way of speaking, whereas 诋毁 is a targeted attack. Example: '散布谣言诋毁他人' (Spread rumors to slander others).
贬低 vs. 轻视 (qīngshì): 轻视 means 'to look down upon' or 'to underestimate.' It is more about an internal attitude of not taking someone seriously. 贬低 is the outward expression of that attitude. You can '轻视' an opponent in your heart, but you '贬低' them when you speak about them.

Then there is 蔑视 (mièshì), which is much more intense than both 贬低 and 轻视. It carries a sense of total contempt or disdain. While 贬低 might involve nitpicking someone's work, 蔑视 is like saying they aren't even worth your time. It is a very 'cold' word. In contrast, 看不起 (kànbuqǐ) is the most common colloquial equivalent. If you are talking to a friend, you would likely say '他看不起我' (He looks down on me) rather than '他贬低我'.

比较：
1. 他贬低了我的贡献。(He belittled my contribution - focus on the speech.)
2. 他蔑视法律。(He disdains the law - focus on the extreme attitude.)

Another interesting alternative is 贬损 (biǎnsǔn). This is very similar to 贬低 but has a slightly more literary or formal feel, often used when describing a sarcastic or mocking tone. If someone uses 'biting' words to lower your value, 贬损 is a perfect fit. On the other hand, if you want to emphasize that someone is making something seem small or insignificant, you might use 小看 (xiǎokàn), which means 'to underestimate' (e.g., 不要小看他 - Don't underestimate him).

چقدر رسمی است؟

نکته جالب

The character '贬' was historically used by emperors to demote officials who failed in their duties. Being '贬' (biǎn-ed) often meant being sent to a remote, underdeveloped part of the empire as punishment.

راهنمای تلفظ

UK biǎn dī

US biǎn dī

The emphasis is usually balanced, but the third tone on 'biǎn' requires a distinct dip in pitch before rising.

هم‌قافیه با

简 (jiǎn) 脸 (liǎn) 点 (diǎn) 衣 (yī) 西 (xī) 鸡 (jī) 期 (qī) 稀 (xī)

خطاهای رایج

Pronouncing 'biǎn' as 'biān' (first tone), which changes the meaning.
Pronouncing 'dī' as 'dì' (fourth tone), which sounds like 'earth' or 'bottom'.
Failing to dip low enough on the third tone 'biǎn'.
Aspirating the 'd' in 'dī' too heavily like the English word 'Dee'.
Confusing 'biǎn' with 'piàn' (slice).

سطح دشواری

خواندن 4/5

Requires understanding of abstract concepts and formal characters.

نوشتن 4/5

The character '贬' is slightly complex for beginners to write correctly.

صحبت کردن 3/5

Common enough in serious conversations, but requires correct tone management.

گوش دادن 3/5

Easily recognizable once the 'biǎn' sound is mastered.

بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟

پیش‌نیازها

低 (low) 评价 (evaluate) 不好 (not good) 看 (look) 人 (person)

بعداً یاد بگیرید

诋毁 (slander) 蔑视 (contempt) 谦虚 (modest) 崇拜 (worship) 评价 (evaluation)

پیشرفته

妄自菲薄 (undue humility) 不屑一顾 (disdain) 嗤之以鼻 (contempt) 褒贬不一 (mixed reviews)

گرامر لازم

The Passive '被' (bèi) construction

我的建议被他贬低了。(My suggestion was belittled by him.)

Resultative Complements with verbs

他把我的方案贬低得一文不值。(He belittled my plan to the point of worthlessness.)

Using '通过...来...' for purpose

他通过贬低别人来显示自己的聪明。(He shows his cleverness by belittling others.)

Negation with '不' or '没有'

我并没有贬低你的意思。(I didn't mean to belittle you.)

Adverbial placement before the verb

他总是恶意贬低我的成果。(He always maliciously belittles my results.)

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مثال‌ها بر اساس سطح

他不应该贬低你的画。

He shouldn't belittle your painting.

Simple Subject + Verb + Object structure.

不要贬低我的朋友。

Don't belittle my friend.

Use of '不要' (bùyào) for 'don't'.

贬低别人是不好的。

Belittling others is not good.

The verb phrase acts as a subject here.

他在贬低我的衣服。

He is belittling my clothes.

Use of '在' (zài) to show progressive action.

她总是贬低她的猫。

She always belittles her cat.

Adverb '总是' (zǒngshì) placed before the verb.

我没有贬低你。

I did not belittle you.

Negation with '没有' (méiyǒu).

为什么你贬低他？

Why do you belittle him?

Simple 'Why' (为什么) question.

贬低别人很没礼貌。

Belittling others is very rude.

Adjective '没礼貌' (méi lǐmào) describing the action.

他故意在老师面前贬低我。

He deliberately belittled me in front of the teacher.

Use of '故意' (gùyì) as an adverb.

不要因为他的成绩而贬低他。

Don't belittle him because of his grades.

Structure '因为...而...' (because of... then...).

她总是贬低自己的英语水平。

She always belittles her own English level.

Reflexive '自己' (zìjǐ) with the object.

有些广告会贬低竞争对手。

Some advertisements belittle competitors.

Use of '会' (huì) to indicate a tendency.

贬低他人并不能让你更高尚。

Belittling others doesn't make you more noble.

Use of '并不能' (bìng bùnéng) for emphasis.

他贬低了我的工作成果。

He belittled my work results.

Past action indicated by '了' (le).

你是在贬低我的智商吗？

Are you belittling my intelligence?

Question structure '是在...吗?'.

他不应该贬低那个老人的建议。

He should not belittle that old man's advice.

Modal verb '应该' (yīnggāi).

这种自我贬低的行为会伤害自信心。

This kind of self-deprecating behavior will hurt self-confidence.

Compound noun '自我贬低' (zìwǒ biǎndī).

他试图通过贬低别人来获得优越感。

He tries to gain a sense of superiority by belittling others.

Structure '通过...来...' (by means of... to...).

我们不能贬低传统文化的价值。

We cannot disparage the value of traditional culture.

Abstract object '价值' (jiàzhí).

如果你贬低你的团队，他们就不会努力工作。

If you belittle your team, they won't work hard.

Conditional '如果...就...' (if... then...).

他被同事贬低后感到非常沮丧。

He felt very depressed after being belittled by his colleagues.

Passive voice with '被' (bèi).

在辩论中，贬低对手的人格是很不专业的。

In a debate, belittling an opponent's character is very unprofessional.

Gerund-like use of the verb phrase as a subject.

她从来不贬低任何人的梦想。

She never belittles anyone's dreams.

Negative '从来不' (cónglái bù) for 'never'.

电影评论家贬低了这部新片的技术水平。

The film critic belittled the technical level of this new movie.

Specific object '技术水平' (jìshù shuǐpíng).

不要贬低这些看起来微不足道的进步。

Don't disparage these seemingly insignificant improvements.

Use of '微不足道' (wēi bù zú dào) as a modifier.

这种性别歧视的言论严重贬低了女性。

This sexist remark severely belittled women.

Adverb '严重' (yánzhòng) for 'severely'.

他习惯于贬低一切他无法理解的事物。

He is used to belittling everything he cannot understand.

Phrase '习惯于' (xíguàn yú) meaning 'be used to'.

过度的谦虚有时会被误认为是自我贬低。

Excessive modesty can sometimes be mistaken for self-deprecation.

Passive voice '被误认为是' (be mistaken for).

在国际舞台上，贬低别国的主权是危险的。

On the international stage, disparaging another country's sovereignty is dangerous.

Formal object '主权' (zhǔquán).

为了贬低对手，他甚至不惜撒谎。

In order to belittle his opponent, he even went as far as to lie.

Structure '为了...不惜...' (in order to... not hesitate to...).

历史不应被贬低为简单的成功与失败。

History should not be belittled as a simple matter of success and failure.

Passive voice '被贬低为' (be belittled as).

这篇文章贬低了那个科学发现的重要性。

This article disparaged the importance of that scientific discovery.

Abstract object '重要性' (zhòngyàoxìng).

任何试图贬低人类尊严的行为都必须受到谴责。

Any attempt to belittle human dignity must be condemned.

Formal subject '任何试图...的行为'.

那种刻意贬低对手成就的策略往往会适得其反。

The strategy of deliberately belittling an opponent's achievements often backfires.

Use of the idiom '适得其反' (shì dé qí fǎn).

他那种居高临下的态度，无形中在贬低周围的人。

His condescending attitude invisibly belittles the people around him.

Idiom '居高临下' (jū gāo lín xià).

我们不能因为追求物质利益而贬低精神追求。

We cannot disparage spiritual pursuits because of the pursuit of material gain.

Contrast between '物质利益' and '精神追求'.

这种批评并非贬低，而是为了更好的改进。

This criticism is not meant to belittle, but for better improvement.

Contrastive structure '并非...而是...'.

文学作品不应贬低任何一种生活方式。

Literary works should not disparage any lifestyle.

Broad object '生活方式' (lifestyle).

他那充满贬低色彩的言论引发了广泛的争议。

His remarks, full of disparaging tones, sparked widespread controversy.

Modifier '充满...色彩' (full of... tones/colors).

贬低自我的倾向往往根植于童年的负面经历。

The tendency to belittle oneself is often rooted in negative childhood experiences.

Verb '根植于' (gēnzhí yú - rooted in).

在后殖民主义语境下，贬低他者文化往往是权力扩张的先声。

In a post-colonial context, belittling the 'other' culture is often a precursor to power expansion.

Academic terms: '后殖民主义' and '他者'.

这种极简主义风格并非贬低装饰，而是强调本质。

This minimalist style is not about disparaging decoration, but about emphasizing essence.

Philosophical contrast '并非...而是...'.

史学家不应以后世的眼光去贬低前人的智慧。

Historians should not belittle the wisdom of their predecessors from a modern perspective.

Structure '以...的眼光去...' (from the perspective of...).

任何贬低生命价值的意识形态都是极其危险的。

Any ideology that disparages the value of life is extremely dangerous.

Formal subject '任何...的意识形态'.

他在作品中通过贬低世俗权力来升华宗教情感。

In his works, he sublimates religious emotions by belittling secular power.

Sophisticated verb '升华' (shēnghuá - to sublimate).

这种对基础科学的贬低将导致长期的技术停滞。

This disparagement of basic science will lead to long-term technological stagnation.

Noun use '这种对...的贬低'.

他以一种近乎偏执的方式贬低着所有竞争对手的努力。

He disparages all competitors' efforts in an almost paranoid manner.

Adverbial '以一种...的方式'.

媒体不应成为贬低少数群体、制造社会分裂的工具。

Media should not become a tool for belittling minority groups and creating social division.

Parallel verb phrases as modifiers.

ترکیب‌های رایج

贬低人格

恶意贬低

贬低价值

自我贬低

贬低成就

刻意贬低

贬低身价

贬低作用

被贬低为

贬低他人

عبارات رایج

一味贬低

— To blindly or persistently belittle without reason.

他一味贬低我的建议，却拿不出更好的方案。

公开贬低

— To belittle someone in a public setting.

在会议上公开贬低同事是非常不专业的行为。

贬低对手

— To disparage an opponent to gain advantage.

通过贬低对手来获胜并不是真正的胜利。

严重贬低

— To severely undervalue or belittle.

这篇文章严重贬低了那次历史事件的意义。

贬低劳动

— To look down on work or labor.

我们不应该贬低体力劳动者的贡献。

遭到贬低

— To suffer or face belittlement.

他的新理论在学术界遭到了贬低。

无端贬低

— To belittle without any cause or reason.

他无端贬低我的努力，让我感到很困惑。

互相贬低

— To belittle each other (mutual).

这两家公司在广告中互相贬低。

贬低女性

— To belittle women (sexist behavior).

这种笑话在贬低女性，一点也不好笑。

贬低身份

— To lower one's status or dignity.

他认为亲自去道歉会贬低他的身份。

اغلب اشتباه گرفته می‌شود با

贬低 vs 降低 (jiàngdī)

Used for physical levels or measurable standards (e.g., price, temperature). 贬低 is for abstract value or reputation.

贬低 vs 贬值 (biǎnzhí)

Specifically used for economic devaluation or currency. 贬低 is for the act of disparaging.

贬低 vs 批评 (pīpíng)

Criticism can be positive or neutral. 贬低 is inherently negative and subjective.

اصطلاحات و عبارات

"妄自菲薄"

— To underestimate oneself or be unduly humble; a formal way to express '自我贬低'.

我们应当自尊自强，不应妄自菲薄。

Formal/Literary

"嗤之以鼻"

— To treat with contempt; to sniff at something as if it were worthless.

对于这种贬低的言论，他只是嗤之以鼻。

Literary

"不屑一顾"

— To not deign to look at; to regard as beneath one's notice.

他对那些贬低他的评论不屑一顾。

Neutral/Formal

"借此贬低"

— Using a specific event or point to belittle someone.

他借此机会贬低我的能力。

Neutral

"一钱不值"

— Worthless; often the result of someone being '贬低' to the extreme.

他把我的设计说得一钱不值。

Colloquial

"狗眼看人低"

— To look down on others from a position of snobbery (literally: 'dog eyes look at people low').

他这种狗眼看人低的态度真让人受不了。

Informal/Slang

"评头论足"

— To find fault with; to make frivolous remarks (often disparaging).

他总喜欢对别人的生活评头论足，甚至贬低别人。

Neutral

"口诛笔伐"

— To condemn both in speech and in writing (a very strong form of public 贬低).

那个叛徒遭到了全国人民的口诛笔伐。

Formal/Literary

"低看一眼"

— To look down on someone slightly.

因为他没上过大学，大家都对他低看一眼。

Colloquial

"视若草芥"

— To regard as worthless as weeds; extreme belittlement.

那名暴君将百姓的性命视若草芥。

Literary

به‌راحتی اشتباه گرفته می‌شود

贬低 vs 低估 (dīgū)

Both involve the concept of 'low'.

低估 means to 'underestimate' someone's power or ability (an error in judgment). 贬低 is an 'action' of speaking poorly about someone (an intent to hurt).

他低估了对手的实力。(He underestimated the opponent's strength.)

贬低 vs 压低 (yādī)

Both involve making something lower.

压低 is usually physical, like lowering your voice (压低声音) or lowering a price (压低价格).

请压低声音说话。(Please lower your voice.)

贬低 vs 轻蔑 (qīngmiè)

Both express a negative attitude.

轻蔑 is an adjective/noun describing a feeling of disdain. 贬低 is the verb for the act of disparaging.

他露出了轻蔑的微笑。(He showed a disdainful smile.)

贬低 vs 蔑视 (mièshì)

Very similar meanings.

蔑视 is much stronger and more formal, often implying that the object is completely beneath notice or law.

他蔑视法律的权威。(He disdains the authority of the law.)

贬低 vs 诋毁 (dǐhuǐ)

Both involve negative speech.

诋毁 specifically involves slander and lies to destroy a reputation. 贬低 can just be an unfair opinion.

他因为诋毁他人名誉被起诉。(He was sued for slandering others' reputations.)

الگوهای جمله‌سازی

不要贬低 + [Noun]

不要贬低他的画。

[Person] + 总是 + 贬低 + [Self/Other]

他总是贬低我的英语。

[Object] + 被 + [Person] + 贬低了

我的工作被老板贬低了。

通过贬低A来抬高B

他通过贬低对手来抬高自己。

对...进行贬低

他不应该对你的努力进行贬低。

贬低...的价值/意义

这篇文章贬低了传统文化的意义。

充满了...的贬低

他的话语中充满了对女性的贬低。

任何...的行为都是在贬低...

任何无端批评的行为都是在贬低他人的劳动。

خانواده کلمه

اسم‌ها

贬义 (biǎnyì) - Pejorative sense/connotation

贬值 (biǎnzhí) - Depreciation/devaluation

贬谪 (biǎnzhé) - Banishment/demotion of an official (archaic)

فعل‌ها

贬 (biǎn) - To demote/to censure

降低 (jiàngdī) - To lower/reduce

低估 (dīgū) - To underestimate

صفت‌ها

贬义的 (biǎnyì de) - Pejorative/derogatory

低下的 (dīxià de) - Low/inferior

مرتبط

褒贬 (bāobiǎn) - Praise and censure; to criticize

低劣 (dīliè) - Low quality/inferior

低微 (dīwēi) - Lowly (status)

贬斥 (biǎnchì) - To denounce/dismiss

低就 (dījiù) - To take a job below one's status

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نحوه استفاده

frequency

Common in professional, academic, and media contexts; less common in very casual daily speech.

اشتباهات رایج

Using 贬低 for price reduction. → 降低价格 (jiàngdī jiàgé).
贬低 is for reputation and abstract value. 降低 is for numbers and measurable levels.
Using 贬低 as an adjective. → 充满了贬低色彩的 (full of disparaging tones).
贬低 is primarily a verb. To use it as an adjective, you need to add modifiers like '充满...的'.
Confusing 贬低 with 谦虚. → 我很谦虚 (I am modest).
贬低 is negative; 谦虚 is a positive trait. You don't '贬低' yourself to be polite.
Saying '对我贬低'. → 贬低我 (biǎndī wǒ).
贬低 is a transitive verb and takes the object directly. No need for '对'.
Using 贬低 for physical heights. → 变矮 (biàn ǎi) or 降低 (jiàngdī).
You cannot '贬低' a mountain or a building. You can only '贬低' its significance.

نکات

Using '被' with 贬低

When you feel undervalued, use the passive: '我的努力被他贬低了'. This emphasizes your feeling of being the victim of unfair criticism.

Pair with '恶意'

To show that someone is belittling others on purpose to be mean, use '恶意贬低' (maliciously belittle). It's a very common collocation.

Modesty vs. Belittling

In China, being modest is '谦虚'. Don't confuse it with '贬低'. Modesty is a virtue; belittling (even yourself) can be seen as a negative trait.

Formal Contexts

In essays, use 贬低 when discussing social issues like '贬低传统文化' (disparaging traditional culture) to sound more professional.

Tone Accuracy

Make sure to pronounce the third tone of 'biǎn' clearly. A flat tone might make the word unrecognizable.

Choose the right word

Use '看不起' for friends, '贬低' for reports, and '诋毁' for legal or very serious slander.

Self-Talk

Use '自我贬低' (self-deprecation) when talking about mental health or self-confidence in Chinese.

Avoiding Conflict

If you want to tell someone to stop being mean, say '请不要贬低别人' (Please don't belittle others).

Context Clues

If you hear 'biǎn', look for words like '价值' or '能力' nearby to confirm it means belittling.

The 'Low' Connection

Always remember the second character '低' (low). The whole word is about making someone feel 'low'.

حفظ کنید

روش یادسپاری

Think of '贬' (biǎn) as 'B' for 'Below' and '低' (dī) as 'D' for 'Down'. When you 贬低 someone, you are pushing them Below and Down.

تداعی تصویری

Imagine a hand (the speaker's words) physically pushing a golden trophy (someone's achievement) into the mud (the 'low' position).

شبکه واژگان

贬 (lower) 低 (low) 评价 (evaluation) 人格 (personality) 蔑视 (contempt) 成就 (achievement) 恶意 (malice) 自信 (confidence)

چالش

Try to find three news articles where someone is accused of 贬低 another person or group. Write a short paragraph in Chinese explaining why they did it.

ریشه کلمه

The word is composed of two ancient Chinese characters. '贬' (biǎn) dates back to the bronze inscriptions and consists of '贝' (bèi - shell/money) and '乏' (fá - lacking/poverty). It originally meant to reduce in price or rank. '低' (dī) consists of '人' (rén - person) and '氐' (dǐ - foundation/base), meaning to bend down or be low.

معنای اصلی: To lower the rank of an official or the price of a commodity.

Sino-Tibetan

بافت فرهنگی

Be careful when using this word about someone's family or hometown, as it can be taken as a very deep personal offense.

English speakers often use 'belittle' or 'trash-talk'. In English, self-deprecation is often seen as charming or funny, whereas in Chinese, '自我贬低' can sometimes be perceived as a genuine lack of self-worth or extreme politeness.

The phrase '贬官' (demoted official) appears frequently in the works of Su Shi and Han Yu. Modern Chinese dramas often feature 'office politics' where characters 贬低 each other to get promotions. The 'Lu Xun' style of social critique often exposes how the old society 贬低了 human value.

تمرین در زندگی واقعی

موقعیت‌های واقعی

Workplace Politics

贬低同事的贡献
在老板面前贬低我
被上司贬低
恶意贬低竞争对手

Personal Relationships

不要贬低你的伴侣
自我贬低的行为
贬低他人的爱好
他总是贬低我的梦想

Academic/Artistic Critique

贬低这部作品的价值
贬低科学发现的重要性
对前人的理论进行贬低
这篇文章贬低了那个流派

Social Media/Online

在网上贬低他人
充满贬低色彩的评论
不要贬低不同意见
遭到网友的贬低

Cultural Discussions

贬低传统文化
贬低少数群体的地位
贬低道德标准
这种言论贬低了女性

شروع‌کننده‌های مکالمه

"你觉得在职场中，贬低别人的人通常是什么心态？ (What do you think is the mindset of people who belittle others in the workplace?)"

"当有人贬低你的成就时，你通常会怎么回应？ (How do you usually respond when someone disparages your achievements?)"

"你认为‘自我贬低’和‘谦虚’之间的界限在哪里？ (Where do you think the line is between 'self-deprecation' and 'modesty'?)"

"你有没有见过一些广告是通过贬低对手来宣传自己的？ (Have you seen any ads that promote themselves by belittling competitors?)"

"我们应该如何教育孩子不要去贬低他们的同伴？ (How should we teach children not to belittle their peers?)"

موضوعات نگارش

记录一次你感到被别人贬低的经历，以及你当时的感受和后来的反思。 (Record a time you felt belittled by someone, your feelings then, and your reflections later.)

探讨为什么有些人习惯于通过贬低他人来获得优越感。 (Explore why some people are used to gaining a sense of superiority by belittling others.)

写一段话，描述你如何克服‘自我贬低’的心理。 (Write a paragraph describing how you overcome the psychology of self-deprecation.)

分析媒体中存在的贬低特定群体的现象及其社会影响。 (Analyze the phenomenon of belittling specific groups in the media and its social impact.)

如果你的好朋友总是贬低自己，你会如何安慰和鼓励他？ (If your best friend always belittles themselves, how would you comfort and encourage them?)

سوالات متداول

10 سوال

No, you should use '降低价格' or '压低价格'. 贬低 is used for abstract value or reputation. If a price is naturally falling due to market forces, use '贬值'.

Yes, in almost all contexts, 贬低 carries a negative connotation. It implies an unfair or mean-spirited reduction of someone's worth. Even '自我贬低' (self-deprecation) is usually seen as a sign of low self-esteem.

看不起 is the colloquial version. You would say '我看不起他' to a friend. 贬低 is more formal and specific to the act of speaking or writing negatively about someone's value. You would see 贬低 in a book or a news report.

You can say '自我贬低' (zìwǒ biǎndī) or '自谦' (zìqiān) if it's more about being modest. '妄自菲薄' (wàng zì fěi bó) is a more literary way to say someone is undervaluing themselves.

Yes, but usually abstract objects like '价值' (value), '意义' (significance), or '成就' (achievement). You wouldn't '贬低' a physical chair unless you are disparaging its quality as a piece of furniture.

It is very common in written Chinese and formal discussions. It is a CEFR B2 word, meaning intermediate-advanced learners should know it well.

The most common opposites are 赞扬 (zànyáng - praise), 抬高 (táigāo - elevate), and 褒扬 (bāoyáng - commend).

Yes! This is a very common way to say 'belittle my English skills'. It implies the person is making your English sound worse than it is.

Yes, it is a transitive verb. You must 贬低 'something' or 'someone'. You can't just say 'He is belittling'.

The radical is '贝' (bèi), which means shell or money. This is because the word originally related to the value or price of things.

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