渡轮
Overview
The Chinese word for 'ferry' is '渡轮' (dù lún). This term is a compound word, with each character contributing to its overall meaning.
'渡' (dù) is a versatile character that primarily means 'to cross' or 'to ford (a river or sea)'. It can also refer to a ferry crossing itself, or even to delivering sentient beings from suffering in a Buddhist context. In the context of '渡轮', its core meaning of 'crossing' is highly relevant, indicating the primary function of a ferry.
'轮' (lún) generally means 'wheel' or 'disk'. However, in this compound, it extends to mean a 'vessel' or a 'ship' that utilizes some form of rotational motion, or is simply a type of conveyance. When combined with '渡', it clearly denotes a vessel designed for crossing water.
Therefore, '渡轮' literally translates to 'crossing vessel' or 'crossing ship', which perfectly encapsulates the concept of a ferry – a boat or ship that transports passengers and often vehicles across a body of water on a regular service. The term is widely used in both mainland China and other Chinese-speaking regions to refer to any kind of ferry, whether it's a small boat crossing a narrow river or a large ship traversing a sea strait. It's a precise and unambiguous term for this mode of transport.
مثالها
我们乘渡轮去了岛上。
旅行We took a ferry to the island.
每天都有渡轮往返于两岸。
交通Ferries shuttle between the two banks daily.
渡轮票可以在码头购买。
购票Ferry tickets can be bought at the pier.
乘坐渡轮是欣赏沿途风景的好方法。
观光Taking a ferry is a good way to enjoy the scenery along the way.
这艘渡轮能载很多汽车和乘客。
容量This ferry can carry many cars and passengers.
ترکیبهای رایج
اغلب اشتباه گرفته میشود با
渡轮 (dùlún) refers specifically to a boat, while 摆渡 (bǎidù) is the action of using a boat or raft to cross a body of water, often a smaller one. 渡轮 is a type of 摆渡. 摆渡 can also refer to a ferry service, but 渡轮 is the vehicle itself.
船 (chuán) is a general term for any boat or ship. 渡轮 (dùlún) is a specific type of boat used for ferrying people or vehicles across water at regular intervals. All 渡轮 are 船, but not all 船 are 渡轮.
الگوهای دستوری
نحوه استفاده
The term '渡轮' (dùlún) is straightforward and widely understood across all Mandarin-speaking regions. It specifically refers to a vessel used for transporting passengers and often vehicles across a body of water on a regular, short-distance route. It is distinct from '船' (chuán), which is a general term for any boat or ship, and '游艇' (yóutǐng), which refers to a yacht. When discussing travel by ferry, one might say '坐渡轮' (zuò dùlún), meaning 'to take a ferry.' For example, '我每天坐渡轮上班' (wǒ měitiān zuò dùlún shàngbān) means 'I take the ferry to work every day.' The term is also used in official contexts for ferry services and terminals, such as '渡轮码头' (dùlún mǎtóu), meaning 'ferry terminal' or 'ferry pier.' It is a common and practical word in everyday conversation, especially in areas where ferry transport is prevalent. There are no significant regional variations in its usage or meaning, making it a universally understood term for this mode of transport in Chinese.
1. **Confusing with '船' (chuán) - boat/ship:** While a ferry is a type of boat, '渡轮' specifically refers to a vessel that carries passengers and often vehicles across a body of water on a regular service, similar to a bus or train. '船' is a more general term for any boat or ship. 2. **Mispronouncing '渡' as 'dùn' or 'dú':** The correct Pinyin is 'dù,' with a falling tone. 3. **Mispronouncing '轮' as 'lún' with a rising tone:** The correct Pinyin is 'lún,' with an even tone. 4. **Using '渡轮' for a small, private boat:** '渡轮' implies a larger, scheduled service. 5. **Forgetting the context:** Always consider whether you're talking about a general boat trip or a specific scheduled ferry service.
نکات
Use with verbs of travel
渡轮 (dù lún) is the noun for 'ferry'. It's commonly used with verbs indicating travel or taking a form of transport. For example, 乘坐渡轮 (chéng zuò dù lún) means 'to take a ferry', and 坐渡轮 (zuò dù lún) also means 'to take a ferry'. You might also see 搭渡轮 (dā dù lún) which carries a similar meaning of 'to take' or 'to board a ferry'.
Don't confuse with '轮船'
While both 渡轮 (dù lún) and 轮船 (lún chuán) refer to boats, there's a distinction. 渡轮 specifically means 'ferry' – a vessel that transports people or vehicles across a relatively short distance, often on a regular schedule. 轮船 is a more general term for 'steamship' or a larger 'vessel', which could include ferries but also cruise ships, cargo ships, etc. So, while a ferry is a type of 轮船, not all 轮船 are ferries.
Common usage and contexts
渡轮 is often heard in contexts related to coastal cities, islands, or places divided by rivers or lakes where bridge connections are not feasible or available. For instance, you might hear phrases like '渡轮码头' (dù lún mǎ tóu) meaning 'ferry terminal' or 'ferry dock', or '摆渡' (bǎi dù) which is a verb meaning 'to ferry across'. It's an essential term for discussing local transportation in many parts of China and other countries with similar geographical features.
ریشه کلمه
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *das): semantic 氵 ('water') + phonetic 度 (OC *daks, *daks).
بافت فرهنگی
Ferries, or '渡轮' (dùlún) in Chinese, hold significant cultural importance, especially in coastal cities and regions with numerous islands or major rivers like the Yangtze. For centuries, ferries have been vital for transportation, connecting communities and facilitating trade. In cities like Shanghai and Hong Kong, ferry rides are not just a means of transport but also a scenic experience, offering unique perspectives of the city skylines and harbors. The Star Ferry in Hong Kong, for example, is an iconic symbol and a cherished part of the city's heritage, recognized globally. Historically, ferries have played a crucial role in the movement of people and goods, bridging geographical divides before the widespread construction of bridges and tunnels. They are often associated with everyday life, connecting workers to their jobs, students to schools, and families across waterways. The communal aspect of ferry travel, where people share a journey, often contributes to a sense of shared experience and community spirit, making '渡轮' more than just a vessel but a part of the cultural fabric.
راهنمای حفظ
The character '渡' (dù) means 'to cross' or 'to ferry.' Think of a boat crossing the water. The character '轮' (lún) means 'wheel' or 'boat.' So, '渡轮' literally means 'crossing boat' or 'ferrying boat.' To remember '渡': Imagine three drops of water on the left (氵), and a person walking with a staff on the right (度), crossing a river. To remember '轮': Think of a vehicle with a wheel (车) and a person holding a book (仑), perhaps turning the wheel of a ship.
سوالات متداول
4 سوال渡轮 (dù lún), commonly known as a ferry, is a vessel used to carry passengers, vehicles, and sometimes freight across a body of water. Ferries are an essential mode of transportation in many parts of the world, especially where bridges or tunnels are impractical or too expensive to build. They can range from small boats that cross rivers to large ships that traverse seas, offering a unique and often scenic way to travel between different locations.
In China, ferries are extensively used in various regions. Major coastal cities like Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong utilize ferries for inter-island travel, crossing bays, and connecting to nearby cities. Additionally, many inland provinces with large rivers, such as the Yangtze River, rely on ferries for transport of people and goods, bridging gaps where land-based infrastructure is limited. They are also popular for tourist excursions, offering picturesque views of landscapes and city skylines.
Some popular ferry routes in China include the Star Ferry in Hong Kong, which offers iconic views of Victoria Harbour, and the ferries connecting various islands in cities like Xiamen and Zhoushan. There are also essential ferry services across the Yangtze River in cities like Chongqing and Wuhan. For tourists, ferries to islands such as Gulangyu in Xiamen or Putuoshan in Zhejiang province are very popular, providing access to scenic and cultural attractions.
Ferries in China generally adhere to safety regulations, and operators prioritize passenger well-being. Regular inspections and maintenance are conducted to ensure the vessels are in good condition. Passengers are usually provided with safety instructions and access to life jackets. While incidents can occur, as with any mode of transportation, ferry travel in China is considered a relatively safe option, especially when using reputable operators and following all safety guidelines.
خودت رو بسنج
我每天早上都乘坐___过江。
从这里到岛上，只能坐___过去。
___的票价通常比坐飞机或火车便宜。
امتیاز: /3
Use with verbs of travel
渡轮 (dù lún) is the noun for 'ferry'. It's commonly used with verbs indicating travel or taking a form of transport. For example, 乘坐渡轮 (chéng zuò dù lún) means 'to take a ferry', and 坐渡轮 (zuò dù lún) also means 'to take a ferry'. You might also see 搭渡轮 (dā dù lún) which carries a similar meaning of 'to take' or 'to board a ferry'.
Don't confuse with '轮船'
While both 渡轮 (dù lún) and 轮船 (lún chuán) refer to boats, there's a distinction. 渡轮 specifically means 'ferry' – a vessel that transports people or vehicles across a relatively short distance, often on a regular schedule. 轮船 is a more general term for 'steamship' or a larger 'vessel', which could include ferries but also cruise ships, cargo ships, etc. So, while a ferry is a type of 轮船, not all 轮船 are ferries.
Common usage and contexts
渡轮 is often heard in contexts related to coastal cities, islands, or places divided by rivers or lakes where bridge connections are not feasible or available. For instance, you might hear phrases like '渡轮码头' (dù lún mǎ tóu) meaning 'ferry terminal' or 'ferry dock', or '摆渡' (bǎi dù) which is a verb meaning 'to ferry across'. It's an essential term for discussing local transportation in many parts of China and other countries with similar geographical features.
مثالها
5 از 5我们乘渡轮去了岛上。
We took a ferry to the island.
每天都有渡轮往返于两岸。
Ferries shuttle between the two banks daily.
渡轮票可以在码头购买。
Ferry tickets can be bought at the pier.
乘坐渡轮是欣赏沿途风景的好方法。
Taking a ferry is a good way to enjoy the scenery along the way.
这艘渡轮能载很多汽车和乘客。
This ferry can carry many cars and passengers.
