When talking about young people in Chinese, you'll often hear the term 未成年人 (wèichéngniánrén). This word literally translates to "not yet adult person." It's a formal way to refer to someone who is legally a minor or a juvenile.
It's important to remember that this term is typically used in legal or official contexts, or when discussing age restrictions. For everyday conversations, you might use other terms like 孩子 (háizi - child) or 年轻人 (niánqīngrén - young person), depending on the specific situation. But if you're talking about someone under the age of majority, 未成年人 is the precise term to use.
When discussing legal or developmental contexts, it's crucial to understand the term 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén). This noun directly translates to 'minor' or 'juvenile,' referring to individuals who have not yet reached the age of legal adulthood.
It’s important to note that the specific age defining a 未成年人 can vary by jurisdiction, but it generally signifies someone under 18 years old in many parts of the world, including China. This term is frequently encountered in discussions about child protection, education, and legal responsibilities.
Understanding 未成年人 is vital for comprehending Chinese legal documents, news, and everyday conversations regarding young people. Its usage is quite formal and is primarily found in official discourse rather than casual chat. Using this term correctly demonstrates a nuanced understanding of social and legal classifications in Chinese.
§ What 未成年人 means
Let's get straight to it. When you hear or read 未成年人 (wèichéngniánrén) in Chinese, it means 'minor' or 'juvenile'. It refers to someone who hasn't reached the age of legal majority. Just like in English, this term pops up a lot in legal contexts, news, and discussions about young people.
- DEFINITION
- Minor; juvenile. This term refers to a person who is not yet an adult according to the law.
The character 未 (wèi) means 'not yet' or 'not'. 成年 (chéngnián) means 'to come of age' or 'adult'. And 人 (rén) means 'person'. So, literally, it's 'not yet adult person'. Pretty straightforward, right?
§ When to use 未成年人
You'll encounter 未成年人 in various situations, especially when talking about age restrictions, legal rights, or responsibilities related to young people. Think about contexts where you'd use 'minor' or 'underage' in English. Here are some common scenarios:
- Legal discussions: Laws regarding child protection, criminal responsibility, or contracts often use this term.
- Public policy: When governments discuss policies affecting young people, like education, health, or welfare, you'll see 未成年人.
- News reports: Any news story involving individuals under the legal age will likely use this word.
- Parenting and education: While not always formal, you might hear it when discussing the rights and responsibilities of young people.
The legal age of majority in mainland China is 18 years old. This is a crucial piece of information because it directly impacts when someone is considered a 未成年人. Before 18, they are minors; at 18, they are no longer 未成年人. This is similar to many countries, including English-speaking ones.
法律规定，未成年人不得饮酒。
- TRANSLATION HINT
- The law stipulates that minors are not allowed to drink alcohol.
保护未成年人的权益是社会责任。
- TRANSLATION HINT
- Protecting the rights and interests of minors is a social responsibility.
So, when you see 未成年人, think 'underage' or 'not an adult'. It’s a very common and important term to know if you're engaging with Chinese media, legal documents, or discussions about youth. Remember, the context will often clarify its specific nuance, but the core meaning remains consistent: a person below the legal age of majority.
§ What 未成年人 means
- Definition
- Minor; juvenile. This refers to someone who is not yet an adult according to the law.
§ Where you'll hear 未成年人
You won't typically use this word in casual conversation with friends, unless you're talking about legal stuff or discussing children's rights. It's a more formal term. You're most likely to encounter 未成年人 in official contexts. Think news reports, legal documents, school rules, or discussions about social issues involving young people.
§ In the news
News channels and articles frequently use 未成年人 when reporting on topics related to youth. This could be anything from school policies to crimes involving young people. It's a standard term used to maintain formality and precision in reporting.
警方提醒家长，保护未成年人安全。
- Translation hint
- The police remind parents to protect the safety of minors.
法律禁止向未成年人出售烟酒。
- Translation hint
- The law prohibits selling tobacco and alcohol to minors.
§ In school or work contexts
If you're dealing with educational policies, child protection, or any official documents related to young people, you'll definitely see 未成年人. Schools often have policies specifically for 未成年人, and workplaces might have rules about employing them.
学校对未成年人的管理有严格规定。
- Translation hint
- The school has strict regulations for the management of minors.
公司不招聘未成年人为正式员工。
- Translation hint
- The company does not hire minors as full-time employees.
§ Legal and social discussions
When discussing legal rights, protections, or social issues concerning individuals under the age of 18, 未成年人 is the appropriate term. You'll find it in discussions about child welfare, legal responsibilities, and even online safety regulations.
保护未成年人的权益是社会的责任。
- Translation hint
- Protecting the rights and interests of minors is a social responsibility.
网络平台应加强对未成年人的保护。
- Translation hint
- Online platforms should strengthen protection for minors.
§ Summary of usage
- Use 未成年人 when you need a formal, legal, or official term for someone under the age of 18.
- You'll see it a lot in news, legal documents, official announcements, and discussions about social policy.
- Don't use it in casual chat. It will sound overly formal and a bit strange.
راهنمای تلفظ
- confusing the tones, especially between chéng (2nd tone) and nián (2nd tone)
- pronouncing rén (person) with a flat tone instead of a rising 2nd tone
مثالها بر اساس سطح
他是未成年人。
He is a minor.
未成年人不能喝酒。
Minors cannot drink alcohol.
她还是个未成年人。
She is still a minor.
法律保护未成年人。
The law protects minors.
这个游戏不适合未成年人。
This game is not suitable for minors.
未成年人需要父母的同意。
Minors need parental consent.
他未成年，所以不能开车。
He is a minor, so he cannot drive.
请确保未成年人在监护下。
Please ensure minors are supervised.
未成年人不能喝酒。
Minors cannot drink alcohol.
他是一个未成年人，不能开车。
He is a minor, he cannot drive.
这部电影不适合未成年人观看。
This movie is not suitable for minors to watch.
保护未成年人的权利很重要。
Protecting the rights of minors is very important.
父母应该指导未成年人。
Parents should guide minors.
未成年人犯罪是一个社会问题。
Juvenile crime is a social problem.
学校有责任教育未成年人。
Schools have a responsibility to educate minors.
这个游戏只适合成年人，未成年人不能玩。
This game is only suitable for adults, minors cannot play.
根据法律，未成年人不得饮酒或购买烟草产品。
According to the law, minors are not allowed to drink alcohol or buy tobacco products.
学校有责任保护未成年人免受欺凌和虐待。
Schools have a responsibility to protect minors from bullying and abuse.
这部电影包含暴力场景，不适合未成年人观看。
This movie contains violent scenes and is not suitable for viewing by minors.
国家正在采取措施，以确保未成年人的网络安全。
The country is taking measures to ensure the online safety of minors.
未成年人犯罪是一个严重的社会问题，需要综合治理。
Juvenile delinquency is a serious social problem that requires comprehensive governance.
父母有义务为未成年子女提供良好的成长环境。
Parents have an obligation to provide a good growth environment for their minor children.
许多国家都设立了专门的法院来处理未成年人案件。
Many countries have established special courts to handle juvenile cases.
为防止未成年人沉迷游戏，政府出台了相关规定。
To prevent minors from becoming addicted to games, the government has introduced relevant regulations.
根据法律，未成年人不得饮酒或购买烟草产品。
According to the law, minors are not allowed to drink alcohol or buy tobacco products.
这部电影包含暴力场景，因此不适合未成年人观看。
This movie contains violent scenes, so it is not suitable for juveniles to watch.
学校有责任保护未成年学生的身心健康。
Schools have a responsibility to protect the physical and mental health of minor students.
许多国家对未成年人犯罪有特殊的法律处理方式。
Many countries have special legal procedures for juvenile delinquency.
在没有父母同意的情况下，未成年人通常不能独自旅行。
Without parental consent, minors usually cannot travel alone.
政府正在推行一系列政策，旨在帮助未成年人更好地成长。
The government is implementing a series of policies aimed at helping minors grow up better.
请确保您的孩子在上网时，未成年人保护软件已开启。
Please ensure that the juvenile protection software is enabled when your child is online.
未成年人权益的保护是社会文明进步的标志之一。
The protection of minors' rights is one of the signs of social civilization and progress.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
未成年人不能购买烟酒。
Minors cannot buy tobacco and alcohol.
这部电影不适合未成年人观看。
This movie is not suitable for minors to watch.
他还是一个未成年人。
He is still a minor.
法律保护未成年人的合法权益。
The law protects the legitimate rights and interests of minors.
禁止未成年人进入网吧。
Minors are prohibited from entering internet cafes.
未成年人应该在父母的监督下使用手机。
Minors should use mobile phones under the supervision of their parents.
教育未成年人是全社会的责任。
Educating minors is the responsibility of the whole society.
有些国家规定未成年人不能开车。
Some countries stipulate that minors cannot drive.
未成年人心理健康问题值得关注。
Mental health problems of minors deserve attention.
对未成年人进行性教育很重要。
Sex education for minors is important.
اصطلاحات و عبارات
"未成年人保护法 (Wèichéngniánrén Bǎohùfǎ)"
Law on the Protection of Minors
根据《未成年人保护法》，学校和家庭都有责任保护未成年人。
formal"未成年人犯罪 (wèichéngniánrén fànzuì)"
juvenile delinquency
社会各界都在关注未成年人犯罪问题。
formal"未成年人不得入内 (wèichéngniánrén bùdé rùnèi)"
Minors are not allowed to enter.
这家网吧门口贴着“未成年人不得入内”的告示。
neutral"未成年人禁止吸烟 (wèichéngniánrén jìnzhǐ xīyān)"
No smoking for minors.
很多公共场所都有“未成年人禁止吸烟”的标志。
neutral"未成年人健康成长 (wèichéngniánrén jiànkāng chéngzhǎng)"
healthy growth of minors
我们应该为未成年人健康成长创造良好的环境。
formal"未成年人教育 (wèichéngniánrén jiàoyù)"
minor education
未成年人教育是一个复杂而重要的问题。
formal"未成年人权益 (wèichéngniánrén quán yì)"
rights of minors
政府非常重视未成年人权益的保护。
formal"未成年人监护人 (wèichéngniánrén jiānhùrén)"
guardian of a minor
他的父母是他的未成年人监护人。
formal"未成年人心理健康 (wèichéngniánrén xīnlǐ jiànkāng)"
mental health of minors
关注未成年人心理健康刻不容缓。
formal"对未成年人负责 (duì wèichéngniánrén fùzé)"
responsible for minors
作为家长，我们应该对未成年人负责。
neutralحفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
Break down 未成年人: 未 (wèi) means 'not yet', 成 (chéng) means 'become', 年 (nián) means 'year/age', 人 (rén) means 'person'. So, literally, 'not yet become adult person' – a minor.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a young person, maybe a teenager, holding a sign that says 'Under 18' or 'Minor'. The '未' (wèi) character looks a bit like an incomplete tree branch, suggesting 'not yet fully grown'.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Try to use '未成年人' in a sentence describing a situation where age limits are important. For example, 'In many countries, 未成年人 cannot legally drive a car.'
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
Laws and regulations often refer to minors.
- 未成年人保护法 (Wèichéngniánrén bǎohù fǎ) - Law on the Protection of Minors
- 禁止未成年人饮酒 (Jìnzhǐ wèichéngniánrén yǐnjiǔ) - Minors are forbidden to drink alcohol
- 对未成年人犯罪 (Duì wèichéngniánrén fànzuì) - Crime against minors
Discussions about the rights and responsibilities of young people.
- 未成年人的权利 (Wèichéngniánrén de quánlì) - Rights of minors
- 未成年人的义务 (Wèichéngniánrén de yìwù) - Responsibilities of minors
- 未成年人教育 (Wèichéngniánrén jiàoyù) - Education for minors
Talking about age restrictions in various activities or places.
- 未成年人不得入内 (Wèichéngniánrén bùdé rùnèi) - No entry for minors
- 未成年人上网 (Wèichéngniánrén shàngwǎng) - Minors using the internet
- 未成年人游戏 (Wèichéngniánrén yóuxì) - Games for minors
When someone is under a certain age and needs adult supervision.
- 未成年人需要监护人 (Wèichéngniánrén xūyào jiānhùrén) - Minors need guardians
- 他还是个未成年人 (Tā háishì ge wèichéngniánrén) - He is still a minor
- 未成年子女 (Wèichéngnián zǐnǚ) - Minor children
News or reports discussing issues affecting young people.
- 未成年人心理健康 (Wèichéngniánrén xīnlǐ jiànkāng) - Mental health of minors
- 帮助未成年人 (Bāngzhù wèichéngniánrén) - To help minors
- 关爱未成年人 (Guān'ài wèichéngniánrén) - Care for minors
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"你觉得多少岁才不算未成年人？(Nǐ juéde duōshǎo suì cái bù suàn wèichéngniánrén?) - What age do you think is no longer considered a minor?"
"你们国家对未成年人有什么特别的保护措施吗？(Nǐmen guójiā duì wèichéngniánrén yǒu shénme tèbié de bǎohù cuòshī ma?) - Does your country have any special protection measures for minors?"
"你认为未成年人应该有更多自由还是更多限制？(Nǐ rènwéi wèichéngniánrén yīnggāi yǒu gèng duō zìyóu háishì gèng duō xiànzhì?) - Do you think minors should have more freedom or more restrictions?"
"在你的成长过程中，有哪些是未成年人不能做的事情？(Zài nǐ de chéngzhǎng guòchéng zhōng, yǒu nǎxiē shì wèichéngniánrén bù néng zuò de shìqíng?) - During your growth, what were some things minors couldn't do?"
"如果一个未成年人犯了错，你觉得应该怎么处理？(Rúguǒ yīgè wèichéngniánrén fànle cuò, nǐ juéde yīnggāi zěnme chǔlǐ?) - If a minor makes a mistake, how do you think it should be handled?"
موضوعات نگارش
写一篇关于未成年人上网利弊的文章。(Xiě yī piān guānyú wèichéngniánrén shàngwǎng lìbì de wénzhāng.) - Write an article about the pros and cons of minors using the internet.
描述一个你认为对未成年人最好的社会环境。(Miáoshù yīgè nǐ rènwéi duì wèichéngniánrén zuì hǎo de shèhuì huánjìng.) - Describe a social environment that you think is best for minors.
如果你是未成年人保护组织的负责人，你会优先解决哪些问题？(Rúguǒ nǐ shì wèichéngniánrén bǎohù zǔzhī de fùzérén, nǐ huì yōuxiān jiějué nǎxiē wèntí?) - If you were in charge of a minor protection organization, what issues would you prioritize?
谈谈你对未成年人饮酒或吸烟的看法。(Tán tán nǐ duì wèichéngniánrén yǐnjiǔ huò xīyān de kànfǎ.) - Talk about your views on minors drinking or smoking.
写一个短故事，主角是一个未成年人，他/她面临一个重要的选择。(Xiě yīgè duǎn gùshì, zhǔjiǎo shì yīgè wèichéngniánrén, tā/tā miànlín yīgè zhòngyào de xuǎnzé.) - Write a short story where the protagonist is a minor facing an important choice.
خودت رو بسنج 42 سوال
Choose the correct English translation for 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén).
未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén) literally means 'not yet adult person,' referring to someone who is legally underage.
Which of these words is the opposite of 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén)?
大人 (dà rén) means 'adult' or 'grown-up,' which is the direct opposite of 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén) or 'minor.'
In which situation would you most likely use 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén)?
未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén) specifically refers to a minor, typically someone under the legal age of adulthood.
未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén) can buy alcohol in China.
No, 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén) are not legally allowed to buy alcohol.
If someone is 20 years old, they are a 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén) in China.
In China, the legal age of adulthood is 18, so a 20-year-old is an adult, not a 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén).
A person aged 10 is considered a 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén).
Yes, a 10-year-old is under the legal age of 18, making them a 未成年人 (wèi chéng nián rén).
以下哪一项可以用来形容一个16岁的孩子？
未成年人 (wèichéngniánrén) 指的是未达到法定成年年龄的人，通常是18岁以下。
在中国，购买烟酒的法定年龄是18岁。因此，17岁的人是_______。
因为17岁低于18岁的法定年龄，所以是未成年人。
电影院通常会对_______出售优惠票。
未成年人 (wèichéngniánrén) 和老年人通常都能享受优惠，但未成年人更常与儿童票或学生票关联。
法律规定未成年人不能在深夜独自外出。
是的，很多地方都有法律或规定限制未成年人在深夜独自外出，以保护他们的安全。
20岁的人仍然被认为是未成年人。
不对，在中国和大多数国家，20岁的人已经成年，不再是未成年人。
未成年人可以在没有父母同意的情况下结婚。
不对，未成年人不能在没有父母同意的情况下结婚，而且通常需要达到法定结婚年龄。
This sentence means 'We should protect minors.' The standard Chinese sentence structure is Subject-Verb-Object. '我们' (we) is the subject, '应该' (should) is the auxiliary verb, '保护' (protect) is the verb, and '未成年人' (minors) is the object.
This sentence means 'Minors cannot do this job.' '未成年人' (minors) is the subject, '不能' (cannot) is the auxiliary verb, '做' (do) is the verb, and '这个工作' (this job) is the object.
This sentence means 'Minors are protected by law.' '未成年人' (minors) is the subject. '受到' (receive/undergo) indicates a passive voice. '法律的保护' (protection of the law) is the object describing what they receive.
The law stipulates that minors are not allowed to drink alcohol.
Parents have the responsibility to protect the healthy growth of minors.
This movie is not suitable for minors to watch.
این را بلند بخوانید:
保护未成年人是全社会的责任。
تمرکز: bǎo hù wèi chéng nián rén shì quán shè huì de zé rèn
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
未成年人犯罪问题日益受到关注。
تمرکز: wèi chéng nián rén fàn zuì wèn tí rì yì shòu dào guān zhù
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
政府出台了新政策，旨在更好地保护未成年人。
تمرکز: zhèng fǔ chū tái le xīn zhèng cè, zhǐ zài gèng hǎo de bǎo hù wèi chéng nián rén
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
This sentence means 'Minors need the consent of their parents or guardians.' The correct order follows a subject-verb-object structure with modifiers.
This sentence means 'Minors enjoy protective rights stipulated by law.' The structure is 'Subject + Verb + Object (Noun + Adjective phrase).'
This sentence means 'Minors cannot independently participate in commercial activities.' The adverbs '独立' (independently) comes before the verb '参与' (participate).
Discuss the societal responsibilities towards未成年人 in the digital age, focusing on balancing protection and freedom.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
在数字时代，社会对未成年人的责任日益凸显。我们需要在保护他们免受网络危害与保障其自由探索、获取信息的权利之间找到一个微妙的平衡点。这不仅涉及法律法规的完善，更需要家庭、学校和科技公司共同努力，构建一个健康、安全的网络环境，同时引导未成年人树立正确的网络素养和价值观。
Analyze the legal and ethical implications of using artificial intelligence to monitor未成年人's online activities.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
人工智能技术应用于未成年人网络活动监控，带来了复杂的法律和伦理问题。从法律层面看，其可能触及个人隐私权，尤其是在未经本人或监护人明确同意的情况下。从伦理角度讲，过度监控可能扼杀未成年人的自主性和探索欲，长期来看不利于其独立人格的培养。因此，在技术运用上，必须严格遵守法律框架，并进行充分的伦理考量，确保技术服务于未成年人的最佳利益而非过度干预。
Evaluate the effectiveness of current educational strategies in promoting a healthy psychological development for未成年人 amidst global challenges like climate change and social inequality.
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پاسخ نمونه
在全球气候变化和社会不公等挑战日益严峻的背景下，现有教育策略在促进未成年人健康心理发展方面的有效性值得深入评估。许多教育系统仍侧重于传统知识的传授，而对如何培养未成年人应对不确定性、挫折复原力以及批判性思维的能力关注不足。为了应对这些全球性挑战，教育需要更主动地融入情境学习、情感智能培养和跨文化理解，帮助未成年人建立积极的自我认同和适应能力，从而更好地应对未来。
根据文章，修订《未成年人保护法》的主要目的是什么？
این متن را بخوانید:
《未成年人保护法》的修订，旨在适应社会发展的新需求，尤其是在网络环境中对未成年人权益的保障。新法不仅强化了家庭、学校和政府的责任，也对网络服务提供者提出了更为严格的要求，以期构建一个全方位的保护体系，确保未成年人能够健康、安全地成长，免受各种形式的侵害。
根据文章，修订《未成年人保护法》的主要目的是什么？
文章明确指出，修订旨在“适应社会发展的新需求，尤其是在网络环境中对未成年人权益的保障”。
文章明确指出，修订旨在“适应社会发展的新需求，尤其是在网络环境中对未成年人权益的保障”。
文章提及的网络欺凌事件给未成年人带来了什么影响？
این متن را بخوانید:
近年来，针对未成年人的网络欺凌事件频发，给他们的身心健康造成了严重影响。社会各界呼吁加强网络安全教育，提高未成年人的自我保护意识和能力。同时，法律专家建议，应进一步细化相关法律法规，明确网络平台的主体责任，对发布或纵容欺凌信息的行为进行严厉打击。
文章提及的网络欺凌事件给未成年人带来了什么影响？
文章明确说明“给他们的身心健康造成了严重影响”。
文章明确说明“给他们的身心健康造成了严重影响”。
根据文章，哪项是培养自信、乐观的未成年人的关键？
این متن را بخوانید:
许多研究表明，家庭环境对未成年人的成长和发展具有决定性作用。一个充满爱与支持的家庭，能够培养出自信、乐观的孩子。反之，如果家庭关系紧张或父母缺乏有效的教养方式，未成年人更容易出现心理问题或行为偏差。因此，提升家长教育水平，构建和谐的家庭氛围至关重要。
根据文章，哪项是培养自信、乐观的未成年人的关键？
文章指出，“一个充满爱与支持的家庭，能够培养出自信、乐观的孩子”。
文章指出，“一个充满爱与支持的家庭，能够培养出自信、乐观的孩子”。
This sentence means 'The law protects the rights and interests of minors.' '法律' (fǎlǜ) means law, '保护' (bǎohù) means to protect, '未成年人' (wèichéngniánrén) means minor, '的' (de) is a possessive particle, and '权益' (quányì) means rights and interests.
This sentence means 'Minors should be responsible for their actions.' '未成年人' (wèichéngniánrén) means minor, '应当' (yīngdāng) means should, '对其' (duì qí) means for their, '行为' (xíngwéi) means actions, and '负责' (fùzé) means to be responsible.
This sentence means 'Minors need education and care from family and society.' '未成年人' (wèichéngniánrén) means minor, '需要' (xūyào) means need, '家庭' (jiātíng) means family, '和' (hé) means and, '社会' (shèhuì) means society, '的' (de) is a possessive particle, '教育' (jiàoyù) means education, and '关爱' (guān'ài) means care.
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