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A1 noun #8,200 le plus courant 10 min de lecture

پشه

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces پشه en 30 secondes
Explication پشه in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'pashe' means mosquito. You should be able to identify the insect and use it in very simple sentences like 'There is a mosquito' (Inja pashe hast) or 'The mosquito is small' (Pashe kouchak ast). You might learn it alongside other basic animals and insects. The focus is on basic identification and the immediate physical sensation of a bite (nish). You should also recognize the word 'pashe-kosh' as something you might need to buy in a store. It is a foundational word for anyone living in or visiting a Persian-speaking country during the summer. You don't need to worry about complex grammar; just treat it as a simple noun. Learning 'pashe' helps you express a basic physical discomfort which is a key part of early language survival skills. Most A1 learners will encounter this word quickly because it is so common in daily life.
At the A2 level, you can start using 'pashe' with more descriptive verbs and adjectives. You can say 'The mosquito bit my hand' (Pashe dastam ra nish zad) or 'I don't like mosquitoes' (Man pashe doust nadaram). You should be able to form simple plural sentences and use common items related to mosquitoes, like 'pashe-band' (mosquito net) or 'touri' (window screen). At this stage, you might also use the word in the context of the weather or seasons, noting that 'In summer, there are many mosquitoes'. You are also expected to distinguish 'pashe' from 'magas' (fly). Your sentences will become slightly more complex, perhaps using 'because': 'I didn't sleep because of the mosquito' (Be khater-e pashe khābam nabord). This level focuses on practical daily interactions where the mosquito is a character in your daily routine.
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By B1, you can discuss the 'pashe' in more varied contexts, such as traveling or health. You can describe an experience, like a camping trip where mosquitoes were a problem, using past tenses and connectors. You might say, 'If we go to the North, we must take a mosquito net' (Agar be Shomal beravim, bāyad pashe-band bebarim). You can also handle more specific vocabulary like 'pommard' (ointment) for the 'nish' (bite). You start to understand the collective use of the word and can use it in more abstract ways, such as complaining about the environment. You might also encounter the word in simple stories or news snippets. Your ability to use 'pashe' moves from simple identification to being part of a narrative about your life or plans. You should also be comfortable using the word with various prepositions and in different sentence structures, like 'az dast-e pashe' (because of/at the hands of the mosquito).
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At the B2 level, you can use 'pashe' in discussions about ecology, public health, and even social metaphors. You can talk about the life cycle of the mosquito or the diseases they carry, like malaria, using more formal language. You might participate in a discussion about environmental protection and how it affects insect populations. You will also start to pick up on cultural references, such as the 'Pasheh' character in Iranian TV shows, and understand why it's funny. You can use the word in more complex grammatical structures, including conditional sentences and the passive voice (e.g., 'Diseases that are transmitted by mosquitoes'). Your vocabulary around the word expands to include terms like 'tokhm-gozari' (laying eggs) or 'mohit-e zist' (environment). You can also use 'pashe' in comparisons and more sophisticated descriptions of your surroundings.
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At the C1 level, you understand the nuances of the word 'pashe' in literature and high-level discourse. You can read classical poetry where the mosquito is used as a metaphor for the small or the persistent. You can follow complex scientific reports about mosquito-borne illnesses or genetic modification of mosquito populations. You are aware of regional variations in how the word might be used or how different types of mosquitoes are named in different parts of Iran. You can use the word in idiomatic expressions and understand the subtle social cues when someone uses the word metaphorically. Your command of the language allows you to discuss the mosquito as part of a larger socio-economic or biological system. You can also write detailed essays or give presentations where the 'pashe' is a central theme, using a wide range of academic and technical vocabulary.
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At the C2 level, your mastery of 'pashe' is near-native. You can appreciate and use the word in all its registers, from the most colloquial slang to the highest forms of literature. You can analyze the role of the mosquito in Persian mythology or history. You understand the deepest cultural connotations, such as the transition of the 'pashe-band' from a functional item to a symbol of a bygone era. You can engage in professional debates about public health policy regarding mosquito control. You are also able to play with the language, creating puns or sophisticated humor involving the word. Your understanding is not just linguistic but deeply cultural and contextual, allowing you to use 'pashe' as a tool for expressive and nuanced communication in any setting. You can flawlessly switch between discussing the 'pashe' as a biological entity and as a literary symbol.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

پشه en 30 secondes

  • A mosquito, known as 'pashe', is a biting insect common in warm weather.
  • The word is essential for daily summer life and health discussions in Iran.
  • It is associated with buzzing sounds (veez veez) and itchy bites (nish).
  • Common related items include mosquito nets (pashe-band) and killers (pashe-kosh).

The Persian word پشه (pashe) refers to a mosquito, the ubiquitous and often irritating small flying insect known globally for its distinctive buzzing sound and its propensity to bite humans and animals. In the Iranian plateau, mosquitoes are a significant part of the ecological and social landscape, especially during the warm summer months. When you use the word پشه, you are typically referring to the common household mosquito, though it can also serve as a general term for various types of small, biting gnats in informal conversation.

Biological Classification
In a formal or scientific context, a mosquito belongs to the family Culicidae. In Persian, while the general term is پشه, scientists might use more specific terminology, yet for 99% of daily interactions, this word suffices to describe the pest that keeps you awake at night.
The Sound of Summer
The sound a mosquito makes is often described in Persian using the onomatopoeic word ویز ویز (veez veez). If you hear this sound near your ear in an Iranian home, you would immediately exclaim that there is a پشه in the room.

Iranians have a long history of dealing with these insects, particularly in the humid northern provinces near the Caspian Sea or the lush areas of Khuzestan. The word carries a connotation of minor but persistent annoyance. It is rarely used affectionately, except perhaps in very specific modern pop culture references.

دیشب یک پشه توی اتاقم بود و نگذاشت بخوابم.

Historically, before the widespread use of air conditioning, many Iranians would sleep on the roof (posht-e bam) or in courtyards during summer. This practice necessitated the use of a پشه بند (pashe-band), a large mosquito net. Thus, the word پشه is deeply tied to the nostalgia of traditional Iranian summer nights. Even today, the arrival of پشه season marks a transition in the year, prompting people to install window screens or buy electronic repellents.

When discussing health, پشه is the primary subject in conversations about malaria (malarya) or more recently, concerns about the Aedes mosquito. Therefore, the word transitions easily from a simple household complaint to a serious public health topic. Whether you are at a pharmacy asking for 'pommard-e pashe' (mosquito cream) or complaining to a friend about a 'nish-e pashe' (mosquito bite), this word is essential for navigating daily life in Iran.

مراقب باش، اینجا پشه زیاد دارد.

Metaphorical Usage
In some contexts, calling someone or something a پشه might imply they are insignificant or small, though this is less common than using the word 'magas' (fly) for such metaphors. However, the idea of a 'pashe' being a weak creature that can still cause great discomfort is a common theme in Persian poetry and proverbs, illustrating that even the smallest enemy should not be underestimated.

حتی یک پشه هم می‌تواند فیلی را اذیت کند.

توری پنجره برای جلوگیری از ورود پشه است.

Using پشه (pashe) in a sentence is straightforward, as it functions as a standard countable noun. However, the verbs associated with it are specific. To say a mosquito 'bites' or 'stings', Persians use the verb نیش زدن (nish zadan). If you want to say you killed a mosquito, you use کشتن (koshtan) or زدن (zadan) in the sense of slapping it.

The Subjective Role
When the mosquito is the one acting: 'Pashe mara nish zad' (The mosquito bit me). Note that in Persian, we don't usually say 'bite' (gaz gereftan) for insects; we use 'nish' which specifically refers to a sting or a localized prick.

پشه دستم را نیش زد و حالا می‌خارد.

In plural forms, you add the suffix ـ‌ها (-hā). For example, 'Inja pashe-hā-ye ziadi darad' (This place has many mosquitoes). In colloquial speech, people often omit the plural marker if the quantity is implied by the context or by words like 'ziad' (much/many).

The Objective Role
When you are doing something to the mosquito: 'Man yek pashe koshtam' (I killed a mosquito). If it's a specific mosquito that was bothering you, you use the object marker 'rā': 'Pashe rā koshti?' (Did you kill the mosquito?).

باید برای دور کردن پشه‌ها از اسپری استفاده کنیم.

When describing a place infested with mosquitoes, the adjective پشه‌دار (pashe-dār) isn't commonly used. Instead, we use the phrase پشه داشتن (pashe dāshtan). Example: 'In otāgh pashe dārad' (This room has mosquitoes/is buggy).

یک پشه کوره دور لامپ می‌چرخد.

There is also the compound noun پشه کش (pashe-kosh) which means mosquito killer. This can refer to a chemical spray, an electric racket, or a UV light trap. Using this in a sentence: 'Pashe-kosh rā roshan kon' (Turn on the mosquito killer).

Compound Verbs and Phrases
Common phrases include 'pashe-band bastan' (to set up a mosquito net) and 'az dast-e pashe khābam nabord' (I couldn't sleep because of the mosquitoes). These are essential for expressing the daily frustrations caused by these insects.

پوست بچه به نیش پشه حساس است.

Finally, in academic or medical Persian, you might encounter 'pashe-ye ānofel' (Anopheles mosquito). In these cases, پشه acts as the head of an Ezafe construction, followed by the specific type.

پشه خاکی عامل بیماری سالک است.

The word پشه (pashe) is a staple of everyday Persian, particularly during the transition from spring to summer. You will hear it in various settings, from the most casual domestic environments to formal news reports. Understanding the context helps in grasping the subtle weight the word carries in different situations.

At Home and Social Gatherings
In a typical Iranian home during summer, 'pashe' is the 'uninvited guest'. You'll hear parents telling children to close the 'touri' (screen) so 'pashe' doesn't come in. At a picnic (sizdah-bedar or a regular weekend outing), people will complain about 'pashe' if they are near water or trees.

در شمال ایران، پشه خیلی زیاد است.

In the marketplace or 'daru-khune' (pharmacy), you'll hear customers asking for 'ghalam-e pashe' (mosquito stick/repellent) or 'pommard-e nish-e pashe' (ointment for mosquito bites). The word is central to a whole micro-economy of pest control products in Iran.

In Modern Pop Culture
A very modern context where you will hear پشه is in reference to the puppet character in Iraj Tahmasb's show 'Mehmuni'. This character has humanized the mosquito in a dark, comedic way. You might hear people jokingly imitating his voice and saying 'Bede bezanim!' (Give it to me so I can bite!). This has given the word a new, humorous life among the younger generation.

شخصیت پشه در برنامه مهمونی بسیار محبوب شده است.

In rural areas or while traveling to the 'shomal' (the North), the word is often heard in the context of planning. 'Do we need a pashe-band?' is a common question before a camping trip. In these regions, the 'pashe' is not just an annoyance but a factor that dictates where and how people sleep.

امشب به خاطر پشه‌ها نمی‌توانیم در حیاط بخوابیم.

In news and health bulletins, especially in southern provinces like Sistan and Baluchestan or Hormozgan, you will hear about 'pashe-ye Aedes' (Aedes mosquito) and the prevention of Dengue fever. Here, the tone is serious and instructional, focusing on eliminating standing water where پشه breeds.

Literature and Sayings
While less common than 'bolbol' (nightingale) or 'parvaneh' (butterfly), the 'pashe' appears in classical Persian literature, often to contrast with the 'pil' (elephant) or 'ghoghnoos' (phoenix), representing the small and weak that can still humble the mighty.

در برابر طوفان، پشه تاب مقاومت ندارد.

For English speakers learning Persian, the word پشه (pashe) is relatively simple, but there are a few nuances and common pitfalls to be aware of regarding its pronunciation, usage, and distinction from similar insects.

Pronunciation Pitfalls
The most common mistake is mispronouncing the first vowel. It is /pæ/ (like the 'a' in 'cat'), not /pɑ/ (like 'father') or /pe/ (like 'pet'). Some learners might say 'peshe' or 'pāshe', which sounds incorrect to a native ear. The final 'e' is a short vowel sound, common in Persian nouns ending in 'Heh'.

تلفظ درست: پَشه (Pash-eh).

Another error is confusing پشه (pashe) with مگس (magas), which means 'fly'. While both are annoying flying insects, a 'magas' doesn't bite in the way a 'pashe' does. Using 'magas' when you mean 'mosquito' will lead to confusion if you are asking for bite relief medication.

The 'Bite' Verb Confusion
English speakers often want to translate 'The mosquito bit me' literally. In Persian, 'gaz gereftan' (to bite with teeth) is for dogs or humans. For a mosquito, you must use 'nish zadan'. Saying 'Pashe mara gaz gereft' sounds very strange, as if the mosquito has a mouth full of teeth!

اشتباه: پشه من را گاز گرفت. (غلط)

Pluralization is another area for caution. While 'pashe-hā' is the formal plural, in collective contexts, learners often over-pluralize. If you say 'Inja por az pashe ast' (This place is full of mosquito), it's more natural than 'Inja por az pasheh-hā ast'. The singular can act as a collective noun for the species.

درست: پشه نیش می‌زند.

Using the wrong 'killer' term: A 'pashe-kosh' is the device or chemical. Sometimes learners try to invent words like 'pashe-ghātel' (mosquito murderer), which is grammatically possible but never used. Stick to the standard compound nouns.

Confusion with 'Shab-pareh'
In some dialects or older literature, 'shab-pareh' might be confused with mosquitoes because both are active at night, but 'shab-pareh' usually refers to a moth or sometimes a bat. Ensure you are specifically using 'pashe' for the biting insect.

پشه با مگس فرق دارد.

While پشه (pashe) is the most common word, Persian has several other terms for similar insects or specific types of mosquitoes that can enrich your vocabulary and help you be more precise.

مگس (Magas) - Fly
This is the most frequent alternative people think of. While a 'pashe' bites, a 'magas' is usually just a nuisance around food. However, in some southern dialects, 'magas' might be used more broadly, but generally, they are distinct.
پشه کوره (Pashe-kureh) - Gnat/Midge
Literally 'blind mosquito', this refers to the tiny gnats that swarm around lights or in damp areas but don't necessarily bite humans. They are seen as harmless but annoying.

پشه کوره دور چراغ جمع شده است.

Another specific term is پشه خاکی (pashe-khāki), which refers to the sandfly. This is an important word in medical contexts in Iran because sandflies are carriers of Leishmaniasis (salak), a skin disease prevalent in certain regions.

زنبور (Zanbur) - Bee/Wasp
While much larger, a 'zanbur' also stings ('nish mizand'). If someone is stung and they aren't sure what did it, they might fluctuate between saying 'pashe' or 'zanbur' depending on the pain level.

این نیش خیلی بزرگ است، شاید کار زنبور باشد نه پشه.

In poetic or archaic Persian, you might find the word پشه (pashe) contrasted with همای (Homā) or عنقا (Anghā) (mythical birds). In this context, the 'pashe' represents the lowly, earth-bound creature versus the celestial, majestic bird. This contrast is a hallmark of Sufi poetry, where the 'pashe' is often the humble seeker.

هر حشره‌ای که پرواز می‌کند پشه نیست.

ساس (Sās) - Bedbug
Often confused by learners because both bite at night. However, 'sās' is much more serious and implies an infestation of the mattress, whereas 'pashe' comes from the air.

Finally, the word خرمگس (khar-magas) refers to a horsefly. It is much larger and its bite is significantly more painful. In slang, 'khar-magas' can also refer to a very annoying, persistent person who won't leave you alone, a role sometimes also attributed to the 'pashe' but with less intensity.

مواظب باش، خرمگس نیشت نزند!

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

In some ancient Persian texts, the mosquito was used as a symbol of the smallest soldier of God, famously used to defeat the arrogant King Nimrod by entering his nose.

Guide de prononciation

UK /pæ.ʃe/
US /pæ.ʃe/
The stress is on the second syllable: pa-SHE.
Rime avec
بچه (bach-che - child) تپّه (tap-pe - hill) تیشه (ti-she - axe) شیشه (shi-she - glass) ریشه (ri-she - root) گوشه (gu-she - corner) توشه (tu-she - provision) خوشه (khu-she - cluster)
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing it as 'Pasheh' with a long 'a'.
  • Pronouncing it as 'Peshe'.
  • Adding a 'h' sound at the end (it's a silent 'Heh').
  • Stress on the first syllable.
  • Confusing with 'Pāsheh' (sprinkle).

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 1/5

Very easy to read as it follows standard phonetic rules.

Écriture 2/5

Simple, but remember the silent 'Heh' at the end.

Expression orale 2/5

Easy, but requires correct short vowel /æ/.

Écoute 1/5

The 'sh' sound makes it very distinct.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

حشره (insect) پرواز (flight) کوچک (small) تابستان (summer) نیش (sting)

Apprends ensuite

مگس (fly) زنبور (bee) توری (screen) خارش (itch) بیماری (disease)

Avancé

ناقل (vector) تخم‌گذاری (oviposition) سم‌پاشی (fumigation) تالاب (wetland) انگل (parasite)

Grammaire à connaître

Compound Nouns with -kosh

پشه + کش = پشه کش (Mosquito killer)

Ezafe Construction for Bites

نیشِ پشه (Nish-e pashe - Bite of mosquito)

Plural suffix -hā

پشه‌ها (Pashe-hā - Mosquitoes)

Silent Heh at word end

پشه (The 'h' is not pronounced, it acts as a vowel 'e')

Direct Object Marker 'rā'

پشه را دیدم (I saw the mosquito)

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Exemples par niveau

1

این یک پشه است.

This is a mosquito.

Simple identification using 'ast'.

2

پشه کوچک است.

The mosquito is small.

Adjective usage.

3

من پشه را دیدم.

I saw the mosquito.

Simple past tense with object marker 'rā'.

4

پشه کجاست؟

Where is the mosquito?

Interrogative sentence.

5

آن پشه سیاه است.

That mosquito is black.

Demonstrative pronoun 'ān'.

6

پشه پرواز می‌کند.

The mosquito flies.

Present continuous/habitual action.

7

یک پشه اینجا بود.

A mosquito was here.

Past tense of 'to be'.

8

پشه بد است.

The mosquito is bad.

Simple subject-adjective-verb.

1

پشه دست مرا نیش زد.

The mosquito bit my hand.

Use of 'nish zadan' for biting.

2

دیشب پشه‌ها نگذاشتند بخوابم.

Last night the mosquitoes didn't let me sleep.

Plural 'pashe-hā' and negation.

3

باید یک پشه کش بخرم.

I must buy a mosquito killer.

Modal verb 'bāyad'.

4

توری پنجره پشه‌ها را دور نگه می‌دارد.

The window screen keeps mosquitoes away.

Compound verb 'dur negah dāshtan'.

5

آیا در اتاق شما پشه هست؟

Are there mosquitoes in your room?

Question about existence.

6

پشه‌ها در تابستان زیاد می‌شوند.

Mosquitoes become numerous in summer.

Temporal context.

7

این پشه خیلی ویز ویز می‌کند.

This mosquito is buzzing a lot.

Onomatopoeia 'veez veez'.

8

پشه روی دیوار نشست.

The mosquito sat on the wall.

Prepositional phrase 'ru-ye divār'.

1

اگر پشه تو را نیش زد، از این پماد استفاده کن.

If a mosquito bites you, use this ointment.

Conditional sentence Type 1.

2

ما برای خوابیدن در جنگل پشه بند بستیم.

We set up a mosquito net for sleeping in the forest.

Compound noun 'pashe-band'.

3

پشه‌ها معمولاً در جاهایی که آب ساکن هست تخم می‌گذارند.

Mosquitoes usually lay eggs in places where there is stagnant water.

Relative clause.

4

صدای پشه اعصابم را خرد می‌کند.

The sound of the mosquito gets on my nerves.

Idiomatic expression 'asābam rā khord mikonad'.

5

او به نیش پشه حساسیت دارد و بدنش ورم می‌کند.

He is allergic to mosquito bites and his body swells.

Medical context.

6

برای دوری از پشه، لباس‌های آستین بلند بپوشید.

To stay away from mosquitoes, wear long-sleeved clothes.

Imperative for advice.

7

پشه کوره نیش نمی‌زند اما خیلی مزاحم است.

The gnat doesn't bite but it's very bothersome.

Contrast using 'ammā'.

8

پشه خاکی می‌تواند بیماری‌های خطرناکی را منتقل کند.

The sandfly can transmit dangerous diseases.

Use of 'tavānestan'.

1

تغییرات اقلیمی باعث افزایش جمعیت پشه‌ها شده است.

Climate change has caused an increase in the mosquito population.

Cause and effect in formal Persian.

2

پشه آنوفل عامل اصلی انتقال بیماری مالاریا در جهان است.

The Anopheles mosquito is the main agent of malaria transmission in the world.

Scientific terminology.

3

دولت برنامه‌ای برای سم‌پاشی علیه پشه‌ها در مناطق جنوبی دارد.

The government has a plan for spraying against mosquitoes in southern regions.

Public policy context.

4

نمی‌دانم چطور یک پشه کوچک می‌تواند چنین دردسری درست کند.

I don't know how a small mosquito can cause such trouble.

Complex sentence with 'chetor'.

5

پشه‌ها به بوی برخی از انسان‌ها بیشتر جذب می‌شوند.

Mosquitoes are more attracted to the scent of some humans.

Passive-like construction with 'jazb shodan'.

6

استفاده بیش از حد از پشه کش‌های شیمیایی برای محیط زیست مضر است.

Excessive use of chemical mosquito killers is harmful to the environment.

Adverbial phrase 'bishe az had'.

7

در این تحقیق، رفتار پشه‌ها در برابر نورهای مختلف بررسی شده است.

In this research, the behavior of mosquitoes towards different lights has been examined.

Academic passive voice.

8

او مثل پشه‌ای است که مدام دور سر آدم می‌چرخد.

He is like a mosquito that constantly circles around one's head.

Simile usage.

1

در ادبیات عرفانی، پشه گاهی نماد موجودی حقیر در برابر عظمت خالق است.

In mystical literature, the mosquito is sometimes a symbol of a lowly creature before the greatness of the Creator.

Literary analysis.

2

ریشه‌کنی پشه‌های ناقل بیماری نیازمند همکاری‌های بین‌المللی گسترده است.

Eradication of disease-carrying mosquitoes requires extensive international cooperation.

Advanced formal vocabulary.

3

ظرافت بال‌های پشه زیر میکروسکوپ واقعاً شگفت‌انگیز است.

The delicacy of a mosquito's wings under a microscope is truly amazing.

Descriptive academic Persian.

4

پشه با وجود جثه کوچکش، مرگبارترین موجود برای انسان محسوب می‌شود.

The mosquito, despite its small size, is considered the deadliest creature for humans.

Concessive phrase 'bā vojud-e'.

5

تکامل پشه‌ها در برابر سموم جدید، چالش بزرگی برای دانشمندان است.

The evolution of mosquitoes against new toxins is a major challenge for scientists.

Biological discourse.

6

در برخی فرهنگ‌ها، هجوم پشه را نشانه‌ای از خشم طبیعت می‌دانستند.

In some cultures, a mosquito infestation was considered a sign of nature's wrath.

Historical/Cultural observation.

7

ساختار نیش پشه الهام‌بخش ساخت سرنگ‌های بدون درد در پزشکی بوده است.

The structure of a mosquito's sting has inspired the creation of painless syringes in medicine.

Technical/Biomimicry context.

8

او با چنان دقتی پشه را در هوا گرفت که همه تعجب کردند.

He caught the mosquito in the air with such precision that everyone was surprised.

Adverbial clause of result 'chonān... ke'.

1

دستکاری ژنتیکی پشه‌ها برای جلوگیری از تولید مثل، بحث‌های اخلاقی فراوانی برانگیخته است.

Genetic manipulation of mosquitoes to prevent reproduction has sparked many ethical debates.

Complex abstract nouns and verbs.

2

پشه در اشعار عطار نیشابوری به عنوان موجودی که نمرود را از پای درآورد ذکر شده است.

The mosquito is mentioned in Attar's poems as the creature that brought down Nimrod.

Classical literary reference.

3

اکوسیستم‌های تالابی بدون حضور پشه‌ها دچار اختلالات جبران‌ناپذیری می‌شوند.

Wetland ecosystems would suffer irreparable disruptions without the presence of mosquitoes.

Ecological hypothetical.

4

مقاومت دارویی در پشه‌ها پدیده‌ای است که استراتژی‌های مبارزه با مالاریا را بازتعریف کرده است.

Drug resistance in mosquitoes is a phenomenon that has redefined malaria combat strategies.

Sophisticated scientific analysis.

5

واکاوی نقش پشه در انتقال ویروس‌های نوپدید، اولویت اصلی سازمان‌های بهداشت جهانی است.

Analyzing the role of mosquitoes in the transmission of emerging viruses is a top priority for global health organizations.

High-level administrative Persian.

6

او با لحنی طنزآلود، سیاستمداران را به پشه‌هایی تشبیه کرد که خون ملت را می‌مکند.

In a satirical tone, he likened politicians to mosquitoes that suck the nation's blood.

Metaphorical and satirical usage.

7

پویایی جمعیت پشه‌ها تابعی از متغیرهای پیچیده اقلیمی و انسانی است.

The dynamics of mosquito populations are a function of complex climatic and human variables.

Mathematical/Scientific register.

8

حتی در مدرن‌ترین شهرها نیز، پشه به عنوان یادآوری از قدرت مهارناپذیر طبیعت باقی مانده است.

Even in the most modern cities, the mosquito remains as a reminder of nature's uncontrollable power.

Philosophical/Reflective tone.

Collocations courantes

نیش پشه
پشه بند
پشه کش
هجوم پشه
دفع پشه
صدای پشه
تخم‌گذاری پشه
انتقال توسط پشه
گزیدگی پشه
پشه کوره

Phrases Courantes

پشه پر نمی‌زند

— It is extremely quiet or empty; not even a mosquito is flying.

در این کوچه پشه پر نمی‌زند.

از دست پشه عاصی شدن

— To be driven crazy by mosquitoes.

دیشب از دست پشه عاصی شدم.

پشه را در هوا نعل کردن

— To be extremely clever or skillful (lit: to shoe a mosquito in mid-air).

او خیلی زرنگ است، پشه را در هوا نعل می‌کند.

مثل پشه لاغر بودن

— To be as thin as a mosquito.

چرا اینقدر مثل پشه لاغر شدی؟

پشه زدن

— To be bitten by mosquitoes (colloquial).

بدنم را پشه زده.

پشه کشیدن

— To kill mosquitoes (slang/informal).

تمام شب داشتیم پشه می‌کشیدیم.

جای نیش پشه

— The spot where a mosquito bit.

جای نیش پشه قرمز شده.

پشه پرون

— A low-quality or useless person/thing (slang).

این ماشین پشه پرون است.

ویز ویز پشه

— The buzzing of a mosquito.

ویز ویز پشه توی گوشم بود.

پشه کوره دور چراغ

— Referring to someone who hangs around something aimlessly.

مثل پشه کوره دور من نچرخ.

Souvent confondu avec

پشه vs مگس (Magas)

Means 'fly'. Flies don't bite; mosquitoes do.

پشه vs ساس (Sās)

Means 'bedbug'. Both bite at night, but bedbugs live in furniture.

پشه vs پاشه (Pāsheh)

The present stem of 'pāshidan' (to sprinkle). Sounds similar but different meaning.

Expressions idiomatiques

"پشه را در هوا نعل می‌کند"

— He is very cunning and sharp-witted.

مراقب باش، او پشه را در هوا نعل می‌کند.

Informal/Idiomatic
"پشه هم به حساب نمی‌آورد"

— He doesn't care about anyone; he is very arrogant.

او هیچکس را حتی پشه هم به حساب نمی‌آورد.

Colloquial
"پشه از دستش نمی‌جهد"

— He is very stingy or extremely careful with money.

او خیلی خسیس است، پشه از دستش نمی‌جهد.

Idiomatic
"مثل پشه ناتوان"

— As weak as a mosquito.

در برابر او، من مثل یک پشه ناتوان هستم.

Literary
"پشه پر نمی‌زند"

— The place is completely deserted.

ساعت دو ظهر در خیابان پشه پر نمی‌زند.

General
"نیش پشه هم نیست"

— It's nothing; it's a very minor problem or pain.

این سختی‌ها برای او نیش پشه هم نیست.

Colloquial
"پشه را با توپ زدن"

— To use excessive force for a small problem.

این مشکل کوچک را اینقدر بزرگ نکن، پشه را با توپ نمی‌زنند.

Idiomatic
"پشه در چشم فیل"

— Something insignificant that causes big trouble.

یک اشتباه کوچک مثل پشه در چشم فیل است.

Poetic
"پشه خوری کردن"

— To do something useless or time-wasting (rare slang).

بسه دیگه، پشه خوری نکن.

Slang
"ویز ویز بیخود"

— Empty talk or complaining (like a mosquito).

فقط دارد ویز ویز بیخود می‌کند.

Informal

Facile à confondre

پشه vs مگس

Both are common flying pests.

Magas is a fly, Pashe is a mosquito. Only Pashe stings.

مگس روی غذا نشست، اما پشه من را نیش زد.

پشه vs زنبور

Both sting.

Zanbur is much larger and usually yellow/black.

زنبور عسل می‌سازد، پشه خون می‌مکد.

پشه vs پشه کوره

Looks like a mosquito.

Tiny gnats that don't bite humans.

پشه کوره فقط دور لامپ می‌چرخد.

پشه vs شپش

Both are parasites.

Shepesh is lice, they don't fly.

شپش در مو زندگی می‌کند، پشه در هوا پرواز می‌کند.

پشه vs کک

Both bite and cause itching.

Kak is a flea, it jumps rather than flies.

کک روی فرش می‌جهد، پشه در اتاق می‌پرد.

Structures de phrases

A1

In [noun] ast.

این پشه است.

A2

[Noun] [object marker] nish zad.

پشه دستم را نیش زد.

B1

Agar [verb], [verb].

اگر پشه آمد، توری را ببند.

B2

[Noun] bā'es-e [noun] mishavad.

پشه باعث بیماری می‌شود.

C1

Bā vojud-e [noun], ...

با وجود پشه، ما در حیاط ماندیم.

C2

[Noun] nemād-e [noun] dar adabiyāt ast.

پشه نماد حقارت در ادبیات است.

A1

[Noun] [adjective] ast.

پشه سیاه است.

B1

Inja por az [noun] ast.

اینجا پر از پشه است.

Famille de mots

Noms

پشه بند (mosquito net)
پشه کش (mosquito killer)
پشه کوره (gnat)
پشه خاکی (sandfly)

Verbes

پشه زدن (to be bitten by mosquitoes)
پشه پراندن (to shoo away mosquitoes)

Adjectifs

پشه‌ای (mosquito-like)
پشه زده (bitten by mosquitoes)

Apparenté

حشره (insect)
نیش (sting)
توری (mesh)
مگس (fly)
ویز ویز (buzzing)
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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely high during summer months; low during winter.

Erreurs courantes
  • Saying 'Pashe mara gaz gereft'. → Pashe mara nish zad.

    Insects sting (nish), they don't bite with teeth (gaz).

  • Pronouncing it 'Pāshe'. → Pashe (short /æ/).

    The long 'ā' is incorrect for this word.

  • Using 'magas' for mosquito. → Pashe.

    Magas is a fly, which is a different insect.

  • Writing it as پش (without the Heh). → پشه

    The final 'e' sound must be represented by the letter Heh.

  • Saying 'Se pasheh-hā'. → Se pashe.

    After numbers, nouns stay singular in Persian.

Astuces

Verb Pairing

Always pair 'pashe' with 'nish zadan' (to sting) for natural communication.

Summer Essentials

If you are in Iran in summer, 'pashe-kosh' and 'touri' are your best friends.

Compound Words

Learn 'pashe-band' and 'pashe-kosh' together to expand your household vocabulary.

Short Vowels

Keep the first 'a' short. Long 'ā' changes the rhythm and can sound like a different word.

Pop Culture

Watch clips of 'Pasheh' from Mehmuni to hear the word used in a humorous context.

Plurality

In collective contexts, the singular 'pashe' often implies many mosquitoes.

North of Iran

When visiting the Caspian coast, expect many 'pashe' due to high humidity.

Medical Terms

Know 'pashe-ye khāki' (sandfly) if you are traveling to areas where Leishmaniasis is present.

The Shell Mnemonic

A mosquito on a shell: Pa-she. It helps remember the two syllables easily.

Connecting Letters

The 'Heh' at the end of پشه is the 'connected' form (ـه).

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine a **PA**ssenger on a **SHE**ll flying around your ear: **PA-SHE**. That passenger is a mosquito!

Association visuelle

Visualize a giant mosquito wearing a sash. Sash sounds like the 'sh' in Pashe.

Word Web

insect summer bite itch wing blood net buzz

Défi

Try to say 'Pashe mara nish zad' five times fast without stumbling over the 'sh' and 'n' sounds.

Origine du mot

The word 'pashe' has Middle Persian roots, likely derived from the Old Persian period. It is a native Iranian word that has remained relatively stable in form over centuries.

Sens originel : Small biting fly or mosquito.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> West Iranian -> Persian.

Contexte culturel

No major sensitivities; it's a common insect name. However, be mindful that 'pashe' can be used as a mild insult for someone annoying.

In English-speaking cultures, mosquitoes are similarly hated, but the cultural tradition of sleeping under large outdoor nets (pashe-band) is less common outside of tropical or camping contexts compared to traditional Iranian life.

The character 'Pasheh' in the TV show 'Mehmuni' (2022-present). The story of Nimrod and the Mosquito in Islamic/Persian tradition. References in Rumi's Masnavi about the mosquito and the wind.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

At Home

  • پشه را بکش
  • توری را ببند
  • پشه کش کجاست؟
  • ویز ویز می‌کند

Camping/Nature

  • پشه بند لازم داریم
  • نزدیک آب پشه زیاد است
  • اسپری ضد پشه
  • نیشم زد

Pharmacy

  • پماد برای نیش پشه
  • قلم دفع پشه
  • قرص پشه کش
  • داروی حساسیت

Medical

  • بیماری مالاریا
  • پشه ناقل
  • تب دنگی
  • جای نیش عفونی شده

Social/Humor

  • شخصیت پشه
  • بده بزنیم
  • مثل پشه لاغر
  • پشه هم نیستی

Amorces de conversation

"آیا دیشب در اتاق شما هم پشه بود؟ (Was there a mosquito in your room last night too?)"

"بهترین راه برای خلاص شدن از پشه چیست؟ (What is the best way to get rid of mosquitoes?)"

"آیا شما به نیش پشه حساسیت دارید؟ (Are you allergic to mosquito bites?)"

"در شهر شما پشه زیاد است یا مگس؟ (Are there many mosquitoes or flies in your city?)"

"نظرتان درباره شخصیت پشه در برنامه مهمونی چیست؟ (What is your opinion on the Pasheh character in Mehmuni?)"

Sujets d'écriture

درباره یک شب که پشه‌ها نگذاشتند بخوابید بنویسید. (Write about a night when mosquitoes didn't let you sleep.)

چرا پشه‌ها برای محیط زیست هم مفید و هم مضر هستند؟ (Why are mosquitoes both useful and harmful to the environment?)

خاطره‌ای از سفر به شمال و استفاده از پشه بند تعریف کنید. (Tell a memory of traveling to the North and using a mosquito net.)

اگر می‌توانستید پشه‌ها را از زمین حذف کنید، این کار را می‌کردید؟ چرا؟ (If you could remove mosquitoes from Earth, would you? Why?)

تفاوت‌های پشه و مگس را از نظر خودتان بنویسید. (Write the differences between a mosquito and a fly from your perspective.)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Yes, primarily. However, in casual talk, it might refer to any small biting fly, though 'pashe' is 95% used for mosquitoes.

You say 'nish-e pashe' or 'gazidegi-ye pashe'.

Persian does not have grammatical gender, so 'pashe' is neutral.

It is a mosquito net, traditionally used for sleeping outdoors or in rooms without screens.

He is a puppet in the show 'Mehmuni' known for his funny voice and asking to bite people, which became a viral meme.

Historically yes, especially in the south, but it is much less common now due to health programs.

It literally means 'mosquito killer' and can be a spray, an electric racket, or a tablet.

It is a short 'e' like in 'met'. It is not a long 'ee' sound.

Yes, often to represent something small or a humble creature in contrast to powerful animals.

It refers to non-biting gnats or midges that swarm around lights.

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Teste-toi 185 questions

writing

یک جمله درباره پشه بنویسید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

چطور می‌توان از نیش پشه جلوگیری کرد؟ (دو راه بنویسید)

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

تفاوت پشه و مگس را توضیح دهید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

اگر یک پشه در اتاقتان باشد و نتوانید بخوابید، چه کار می‌کنید؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

درباره اهمیت پشه در چرخه طبیعت بنویسید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

یک داستان کوتاه (۳ جمله) درباره یک پشه بنویسید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

چرا پشه آنوفل خطرناک است؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

توصیف کنید نیش پشه چه حسی دارد.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

درباره شخصیت 'پشه' در برنامه مهمونی چه می‌دانید؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

نام چند وسیله برای مقابله با پشه را بنویسید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

آیا پشه‌ها در شهر شما زیاد هستند؟ توضیح دهید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

یک ضرب‌المثل یا اصطلاح درباره پشه بنویسید و معنای آن را بگویید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

چرا پشه‌ها به سمت نور جذب می‌شوند؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

اگر در جنگل کمپ بزنید، چطور از خودتان در برابر پشه محافظت می‌کنید؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

نقش پشه در انتقال بیماری‌های ویروسی چیست؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

یک گفتگوی کوتاه بین یک پشه و یک انسان بنویسید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

پشه بند سنتی ایرانی چه شکلی است؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

آیا پشه‌ها فقط انسان را نیش می‌زنند؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

چطور می‌توان جای نیش پشه را درمان کرد؟

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

یک نامه به شهرداری بنویسید و از زیاد بودن پشه‌ها در پارک شکایت کنید.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

کلمه 'پشه' را تلفظ کنید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'پشه مرا نیش زد'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

درباره تجربه خودتان با پشه‌ها در تابستان صحبت کنید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

توضیح دهید چطور یک پشه بند را می‌بندید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

یک جمله طنز درباره پشه بگویید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'ویز ویز پشه روی اعصابم است'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

درباره خطرات پشه برای سلامتی صحبت کنید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

صدای پشه را تقلید کنید و یک جمله بگویید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'باید توری پنجره را تعمیر کنیم'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

در مورد پشه محبوب برنامه مهمونی صحبت کنید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'پشه کش را روشن کن'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

تفاوت پشه و زنبور را به فارسی بگویید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'جای نیش پشه خیلی قرمز شده است'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

یک نصیحت برای دوری از پشه به دوستتان بدهید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'پشه کوره نیش نمی‌زند، نترس'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

درباره سم‌پاشی محله علیه پشه‌ها صحبت کنید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'اینجا پر از پشه است، برویم'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

درباره چرخه زندگی پشه توضیح مختصری بدهید.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'پشه را در هوا نعل می‌کند'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
speaking

بگویید: 'پشه بند خاطرات شمال را برایم زنده می‌کند'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید و کلمه را بنویسید: [Audio of 'Pashe']

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید و بنویسید: [Audio of 'Nish-e pashe']

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'دیشب پشه نگذاشت بخوابم'. سوال: گوینده چرا نخوابید؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'پشه کش را بزن به برق'. سوال: پشه کش کجاست؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'پشه بند را بستیم'. سوال: آن‌ها چه کردند؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'ویز ویز پشه توی گوشمه'. سوال: صدا کجاست؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید و بنویسید: [Audio of 'Pashe-kosh-e barghi']

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'پشه ها به آب جذب میشن'. سوال: پشه‌ها به چی جذب میشن؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'نیشش خیلی می‌خاره'. سوال: مشکل چیست؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'پشه کوره خطر نداره'. سوال: آیا خطر دارد؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید و بنویسید: [Audio of 'Pashe-band-e sefid']

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'پشه ناقل بیماریه'. سوال: پشه چی کار می‌کنه؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'صدای پشه اعصابمو خرد کرد'. سوال: حس گوینده چیست؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید و کلمه کلیدی را بگویید: [Audio of a story about a mosquito]

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

گوش دهید: 'بده بزنیم!'. سوال: این تکیه کلام کدام شخصیت است؟

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

/ 185 correct

Perfect score!

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