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B1 noun #3,500 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

ترجیح

tarjih
Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces ترجیح en 30 secondes
Explication ترجیح in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to worry about the noun 'tarjih' itself as much as the simple idea of liking one thing more than another. However, introduced as a vocabulary item, 'tarjih' is the word for 'preference.' Imagine you are at a fruit stand and someone asks you which fruit you want. Even at this basic level, knowing that 'tarjih' relates to choosing can help you understand questions like 'What is your choice?' You would mostly use simple sentences like 'I like apple' (Man sib doost dāram). But learning 'tarjih' early helps you recognize it when people ask you polite questions about your favorites. It is the 'weight' you give to your favorite things. Think of it as the 'voting' word in your head for your favorite food or color.
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At the A2 level, you begin to use compound verbs. This is where 'tarjih dādan' (to prefer) becomes very useful. Instead of just saying 'I like tea' (Man chāy doost dāram), you can now say 'I prefer tea' (Man chāy rā tarjih midaham). This allows you to express more complex thoughts about your daily routine. You can talk about preferring the bus over the taxi or preferring a warm day over a cold one. You are starting to compare things. At this stage, you should practice the basic structure: [Object] + [rā] + tarjih midaham. It makes your Persian sound much more natural and less like a list of simple likes and dislikes. It shows you are making active choices in your new language.
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At the B1 level, 'tarjih' is a core vocabulary word. You are expected to use it fluently to describe your opinions, plans, and reasons. You should be able to use the full comparative structure: 'I prefer X to Y' (Man X rā be Y tarjih midaham). You also start using the subjunctive mood with this word, which is a major step in B1 grammar. For example, 'I prefer that we go tomorrow' (Tarjih midaham ke fardā beravim). This level is about nuance. You aren't just choosing between two objects; you are choosing between two ideas or actions. You also learn the adverb 'tarji-han' (preferably), which is very common in advertisements, recipes, and instructions. You are now using 'tarjih' to navigate real-world situations like job interviews or social planning.
At the B2 level, you use 'tarjih' in more abstract and formal contexts. You can discuss 'preferential treatment' (raftār-e tarjihi) or 'strategic preferences' in a political or social debate. You understand that 'tarjih' can be a noun used to describe a concept, not just a verb. You might write an essay comparing two different social systems and use 'tarjih' to explain why one might be more favorable under certain conditions. Your grammar is more sophisticated; you might use the passive-like 'tarjih dāshtan' to say 'this option is preferable.' You also start to distinguish 'tarjih' from similar words like 'olaviyat' (priority) and 'maziyat' (advantage) with precision. You can handle the word in complex sentences with multiple clauses.
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At the C1 level, you use 'tarjih' with the finesse of a native speaker. You are aware of its Arabic roots (R-J-H) and how it relates to concepts of balance and weighing. You can use it in high-level academic writing or professional legal documents. You might discuss the 'tarjih-e bā-morajjah' (preference with a reason) or 'tarjih-e belā-morajjah' (preference without a reason) in a philosophical or theological discussion. You understand the historical and literary nuances of the word. Your use of the word is no longer just about personal taste; it's about evaluating complex systems of thought. You can use the word to express subtle irony or to make sophisticated arguments in a debate about ethics, economics, or literature.
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At the C2 level, 'tarjih' is a tool for mastery. You can engage in deep linguistic analysis of the word's usage in classical vs. modern Persian. You can use it to translate complex English concepts like 'predilection,' 'propensity,' or 'precedence' with the exact right Persian equivalent, often choosing 'tarjih' when the context requires a sense of comparative weighing. You are comfortable with the most obscure idioms and formal structures involving the word. You can write poetry or high-level prose where 'tarjih' is used metaphorically. You have a complete grasp of the word's phonology, morphology, and its place in the broader Semitic-influenced vocabulary of Persian. You use it instinctively and perfectly in every possible register, from the street to the supreme court.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

ترجیح en 30 secondes

  • Tarjih is the Persian word for preference, used to show you like one thing more than another.
  • It is commonly used as a compound verb 'tarjih dādan' which means 'to prefer'.
  • In comparisons, it uses the prepositions 'be' or 'bar' to link the two items being compared.
  • It is a versatile word used in daily life, business, and formal academic discussions.

The Persian word ترجیح (tarjih) is a fundamental noun derived from Arabic roots that signifies the act of favoring one thing over another. In the tapestry of Persian communication, it serves as the primary vehicle for expressing choice, priority, and personal taste. Whether you are navigating a simple menu at a Tehran café or discussing complex policy shifts in a boardroom, this word bridges the gap between raw desire and articulated selection. It is not merely about liking something; it is about the comparative weight one places on an option. When you use tarjih, you are signaling a cognitive process of evaluation where one alternative has 'outweighed' the others in your estimation.

Comparative Nature
The word inherently implies a comparison. You cannot have a preference without at least two options. It is the mental scale that tips toward the chosen path.

من ترجیح می‌دهم پیاده بروم تا اینکه با اتوبوس سفر کنم.
(I prefer to walk rather than travel by bus.)

In social contexts, especially within the nuanced framework of Iranian culture, expressing a tarjih can be a delicate matter. While directness is valued in some spheres, in others, stating a preference is a way to alleviate the burden of decision-making from a host or a peer. It is a word that carries both the weight of individual agency and the grace of social cooperation. Linguistically, it is most frequently paired with the auxiliary verb 'dādan' (to give), forming the compound verb 'tarjih dādan' (to prefer), which is the workhorse of daily conversational Persian.

Formal vs. Informal
While 'tarjih' is standard and used everywhere, in very casual speech, people might simply say 'doost dāram' (I like/want), but 'tarjih' adds a layer of 'this rather than that' which is essential for clarity.

این ترجیح شخصی من است و نباید به عنوان یک قاعده کلی در نظر گرفته شود.
(This is my personal preference and should not be considered a general rule.)

Beyond simple choices, 'tarjih' appears in academic and legal discourse to discuss 'priority' or 'precedence.' For instance, in a legal context, one right might have 'tarjih' over another. This versatility makes it an indispensable tool for learners reaching the B1 level and beyond. It allows for the expression of nuance—moving away from 'I like' to 'I choose this because it is better in this context.'

در شرایط بحرانی، امنیت بر سرعت ترجیح دارد.
(In critical conditions, security has preference over speed.)

Synonym Nuance
Compare 'tarjih' with 'olaviyat' (priority). While 'olaviyat' is about order of importance, 'tarjih' is about the internal inclination of the chooser.

هیچ ترجیحی بین این دو رنگ ندارم؛ هر دو زیبا هستند.
(I have no preference between these two colors; both are beautiful.)

To master ترجیح, one must understand its syntactic relationship with other words, primarily its existence as part of a light verb construction. The most common form is ترجیح دادن (tarjih dādan). This construction functions exactly like the English verb 'to prefer.' When you want to say 'I prefer X to Y,' the structure is: [Subject] + [X] + [rā] + [be/bar] + [Y] + [tarjih dādan]. However, in modern spoken Persian, the 'Y' part is often omitted if the context is clear.

Transitivity
The phrase 'tarjih dādan' is transitive, meaning it takes a direct object (the thing preferred), usually marked by the postposition 'rā' (or 'ro' in speech).

او چای را به قهوه ترجیح می‌دهد.
(He prefers tea to coffee.)

Another important grammatical structure is the use of 'tarjih' with a subjunctive clause. When you prefer that *something happen* or that *someone do something*, you use 'tarjih dādan' followed by a 'ke' clause and a verb in the subjunctive mood. This is a hallmark of B1/B2 level proficiency in Persian. For example, 'I prefer that you stay' becomes 'Tarjih midaham [ke] bemāni.'

The Passive Form
The construction 'tarjih dāshtan' (to have preference/to be preferable) is often used to describe things that are generally better. 'In gozineh tarjih dārad' means 'This option is preferable.'

ترجیح می‌دهم در این مورد فعلاً صحبت نکنیم.
(I prefer that we don't talk about this for now.)

Note how the negation works. To say 'I don't prefer,' you negate the verb 'dādan' (nemideham). However, Persian speakers often use 'tarjih midaham ke [negative verb]' to say 'I prefer NOT to...' rather than 'I don't prefer to...'. This is a subtle difference in logic that mimics English usage but requires careful verb conjugation in the subjunctive.

کدام ترجیح شماست؟ اقامت در هتل یا مهمان‌سرا؟
(Which is your preference? Staying in a hotel or a guesthouse?)

Adjectival Usage
You can use 'tarjihi' to describe things. A 'preferential vote' is 'ra'y-e tarjihi'. This is common in political and economic texts.

او با ترجیح دادن منافع جمعی بر منافع شخصی، فداکاری کرد.
(By preferring collective interests over personal interests, he made a sacrifice.)

The word ترجیح echoes through many corridors of Iranian life. In a domestic setting, it's the word used by parents asking children about their dinner choices or by couples deciding on a movie. However, its resonance is perhaps most significant in the professional and academic realms of Iran. In a culture that values intellectual debate and philosophical inquiry, 'tarjih' is the scalpel used to dissect arguments. You will hear it in seminars when a scholar explains why one methodology is 'tarjih dārad' (has preference) over another due to empirical evidence.

In the Bazaar and Shops
When a merchant shows you two types of silk or saffron, they might ask, 'Tarjih-e shomā kodām ast?' (Which is your preference?). It is a polite way to prompt a decision without being pushy.

بسیاری از مشتریان ترجیح می‌دهند به صورت نقدی پرداخت کنند.
(Many customers prefer to pay in cash.)

On Iranian state television (IRIB) or in news broadcasts, the word takes on a more formal, analytical tone. Analysts discuss the 'tarjih-e strategic' (strategic preference) of nations in regional conflicts. Here, it moves away from personal taste and into the realm of cold, calculated priority. If you listen to a political podcast in Persian, you will hear this word used to describe the weighting of various geopolitical factors.

In Literature and Poetry
While classical poetry uses more archaic words for desire (like 'meyl'), modern Persian literature uses 'tarjih' to explore the existential choices of characters. It signifies the burden of modern agency.

نویسنده ترجیح داده است که پایان داستان را باز بگذارد.
(The author has preferred to leave the story's end open.)

In the medical field, a doctor might discuss 'tarjih-e darmāni' (treatment preference) with a patient. This reflects a modern shift in Iranian medicine toward patient autonomy, where the patient's 'tarjih' is considered alongside the clinical 'olaviyat' (priority). Listening for this word in these varied contexts will help you distinguish between a casual 'I'd rather' and a formal 'It is prioritized.'

در این دانشکده، ترجیح با دانشجویانی است که سابقه پژوهشی دارند.
(In this faculty, preference is given to students who have a research background.)

Learning to use ترجیح correctly involves navigating a few linguistic pitfalls that often trip up English speakers. The most frequent error is related to the prepositional structure. In English, we say 'prefer X TO Y.' In Persian, while 'be' (to) is common, learners often forget the 'rā' on the first object or use the wrong comparative particle.

The 'Rā' Omission
Mistake: 'Man chāy be ghahveh tarjih midaham.' Correct: 'Man chāy rā be ghahveh tarjih midaham.' Without 'rā', the sentence feels incomplete and grammatically 'naked' in Persian.

اشتباه: من ترجیح دارم بروم. درست: من ترجیح می‌دهم بروم.
(Common error: Using 'dāshtan' instead of 'dādan' for the active verb 'to prefer'.)

Another common mistake is confusing 'tarjih' (preference) with 'olaviyat' (priority). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. 'Olaviyat' is an objective ranking (e.g., 'Safety is our first priority'), whereas 'tarjih' is a subjective leaning (e.g., 'I prefer safety over speed'). Using 'tarjih' when you mean an objective priority can make you sound overly subjective in formal reports.

Subjunctive Slip-ups
When following 'tarjih midaham' with another action, you MUST use the subjunctive mood. Learners often use the simple present or infinitive, which is a major grammatical tell.

غلط: ترجیح می‌دهم رفتن. صحیح: ترجیح می‌دهم بروم.
(Error: Using the gerund/infinitive instead of the subjunctive verb.)

Lastly, be careful with the spelling. 'Tarjih' (ترجیح) ends with a 'He' (ح). Beginners sometimes confuse it with words ending in 'He-ye do-cheshm' (ه) or 'Ayn' (ع) if they are only learning by ear. Precision in writing the 'H' is vital for formal literacy.

او هیچ ترجیحی قائل نشد.
(He did not grant any preference/distinction.)

While ترجیح is the standard term for preference, Persian offers a rich palette of synonyms and related terms that can add precision to your speech. Understanding the subtle differences between these words is key to moving from intermediate to advanced proficiency. For instance, when you want to emphasize the 'choice' aspect, you might use 'entekhāb' (choice/selection), whereas if you want to emphasize 'inclination,' you might use 'meyl' (desire/tendency).

ترجیح (Tarjih) vs. اولویت (Olaviyat)
Tarjih is about what you *want* or *favor*. Olaviyat is about what must be done *first* or what is more *important* in a hierarchy.

ترجیح من غذای تند است، اما اولویت من سلامتی است.
(My preference is spicy food, but my priority is health.)

Other alternatives include 'bartari' (superiority/advantage), which is used when one thing is objectively better than another. 'Gozineh' (option) is also related; you use 'tarjih' to pick your 'gozineh.' In more poetic or old-fashioned contexts, you might encounter 'behzini' (choosing the better), though this is rare in daily speech. To say 'I'd rather,' some speakers use 'behtar ast' (it is better), but this changes the subject of the sentence to the action itself.

ترجیح (Tarjih) vs. انتخاب (Entekhāb)
Entekhāb is the *action* of picking. Tarjih is the *feeling* or *reason* behind that action. You choose (entekhāb) based on your preference (tarjih).

من این مدل را انتخاب کردم چون بر سایر مدل‌ها ترجیح داشت.
(I chose this model because it was preferable to the other models.)

In business Persian, you might hear 'maziyat' (advantage/merit). When evaluating two proposals, an executive might say 'In pishnahād maziyat dārad,' which implies it has a 'tarjih' due to specific benefits. Finally, for the phrase 'preferably,' Persian uses the adverbial form 'tarji-han' (ترجیحاً), which is incredibly common in job advertisements and requirements lists.

استخدام برنامه‌نویس، ترجیحاً مسلط به پایتون.
(Hiring a programmer, preferably proficient in Python.)

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The concept of 'tarjih' is central to Islamic philosophy (Kalam), specifically in the 'Principle of Sufficient Reason' which argues that everything must have a cause (morajjah).

Guide de prononciation

UK /tæɾ.dʒiːh/
US /tæɾ.dʒiːh/
The stress is on the second syllable: tar-JIH.
Rime avec
تشبیه (tashbih) توجیه (tojih) تنبیه (tanbih) فقیه (faghih) شبیه (shabih) سفیه (safih) وجیه (vajih) نزیه (nazih)
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing the final 'h' too harshly like 'kh'.
  • Missing the 'h' entirely.
  • Shortening the long 'i' sound.
  • Over-stressing the first syllable.
  • Not tapping the 'r'.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

Easy to recognize, though its Arabic plural 'tarjihāt' might be slightly harder for beginners.

Écriture 4/5

The final 'He' (ح) and the 'Ye' suffix for 'tarji-han' require attention.

Expression orale 3/5

The pronunciation is straightforward once the 'h' is mastered.

Écoute 3/5

Very common in media and daily life; easy to pick out.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

دوست داشتن انتخاب بهتر دادن داشتن

Apprends ensuite

اولویت مزیت برتری تمایل گرایش

Avancé

رجحان مرجح استحسان تخییر

Grammaire à connaître

Subjunctive Mood with Tarjih

ترجیح می‌دهم که تو **بمانی**.

Direct Object Marker 'Rā'

من چای **را** ترجیح می‌دهم.

Comparative Preposition 'Be'

او این را **به** آن ترجیح می‌دهد.

Adverbial Suffix '-an'

ترجیحاً (Preferably).

Possessive Suffixes

ترجیح**م** (My preference).

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Exemples par niveau

1

ترجیح شما چیست؟

What is your preference?

Simple question using the noun 'tarjih' with a possessive suffix.

2

این ترجیح من است.

This is my preference.

Basic demonstrative sentence.

3

ترجیح او چای است.

His/her preference is tea.

Noun as subject with a simple linking verb.

4

من سیب را ترجیح می‌دهم.

I prefer apple.

Basic use of the compound verb 'tarjih dādan'.

5

رنگ مورد ترجیح شما کدام است؟

Which is your preferred color?

Using 'tarjih' in a compound noun phrase.

6

ترجیح ما اینجاست.

Our preference is here.

Possessive 'mā' with 'tarjih'.

7

آیا ترجیحی دارید؟

Do you have a preference?

Using 'tarjih' as an indefinite noun with 'yā-ye vahdat'.

8

ترجیح من آب است.

My preference is water.

Simple identification sentence.

1

من چای را به قهوه ترجیح می‌دهم.

I prefer tea to coffee.

Standard comparison using 'be'.

2

او ترجیح می‌دهد در خانه بماند.

He prefers to stay at home.

Using 'tarjih dādan' with a subjunctive verb.

3

ما ترجیح می‌دهیم زودتر برویم.

We prefer to go earlier.

Subjunctive mood 'beravim'.

4

کدام غذا را ترجیح می‌دهی؟

Which food do you prefer?

Interrogative sentence with compound verb.

5

او پیاده‌روی را به دوچرخه‌سواری ترجیح می‌دهد.

She prefers walking to cycling.

Comparing two gerunds/activities.

6

ترجیح می‌دهم الان صحبت نکنم.

I prefer not to talk right now.

Negative subjunctive 'nakonam'.

7

بچه‌ها بازی را به درس ترجیح می‌دهند.

Children prefer play to lessons.

Plural subject with comparison.

8

آیا ترجیح می‌دهی اینجا بنشینی؟

Do you prefer to sit here?

Question with subjunctive 'beneshini'.

1

من ترجیح می‌دهم که حقیقت را بدانم.

I prefer to know the truth.

Using 'ke' to introduce a subjunctive clause.

2

ترجیحاً باید قبل از ساعت هشت برسید.

Preferably, you should arrive before eight o'clock.

Use of the adverb 'tarji-han'.

3

او بر اساس ترجیحات شخصی خود تصمیم گرفت.

He decided based on his personal preferences.

Plural noun 'tarjihāt'.

4

این گزینه بر بقیه ترجیح دارد.

This option is preferable to the rest.

Using 'tarjih dāshtan' in a passive/stative sense.

5

آیا شما ترجیح خاصی برای هتل دارید؟

Do you have any specific preference for the hotel?

Adjective 'khās' (specific) modifying 'tarjih'.

6

من ترجیح می‌دهم به جای فیلم، کتاب بخوانم.

I prefer to read a book instead of a movie.

Using 'be jā-ye' (instead of) with 'tarjih dādan'.

7

ترجیح او این است که در سکوت کار کند.

His preference is to work in silence.

Noun 'tarjih' as the head of the sentence.

8

ما هیچ ترجیحی بین این دو نداریم.

We have no preference between these two.

Negative existential with 'tarjih'.

1

این سیاست به دلیل ترجیحات انتخاباتی تغییر کرد.

This policy changed due to electoral preferences.

Formal usage in a socio-political context.

2

در اقتصاد، ترجیحات مصرف‌کننده نقش مهمی دارد.

In economics, consumer preferences play an important role.

Academic usage in economic theory.

3

او با ترجیح دادن کار بر تفریح، موفق شد.

By preferring work over leisure, he succeeded.

Gerund form 'tarjih dādan' used as a means.

4

ترجیحات فرهنگی بر سبک معماری تأثیر می‌گذارند.

Cultural preferences influence the style of architecture.

Abstract plural subject.

5

من ترجیح می‌دهم این موضوع را در جلسه مطرح کنم.

I prefer to raise this issue in the meeting.

Formal professional context.

6

آیا این یک ترجیح آگاهانه بود یا ناخودآگاه؟

Was this a conscious preference or an unconscious one?

Psychological terminology.

7

دولت تعرفه‌های ترجیحی برای کالاهای اساسی وضع کرد.

The government imposed preferential tariffs for essential goods.

Technical economic term 'tarifeh-ye tarjihi'.

8

او ترجیح داد که سکوت اختیار کند تا اوضاع بدتر نشود.

He preferred to remain silent so that things wouldn't get worse.

Complex sentence with purpose clause.

1

ترجیح بلامرجح از نظر منطقی محال است.

Preference without a preferrer/reason is logically impossible.

Philosophical/Logical idiom.

2

نویسنده با ظرافت، ترجیحات اخلاقی قهرمان را به چالش می‌کشد.

The author subtly challenges the hero's moral preferences.

Literary analysis register.

3

این رویکرد بر سایر روش‌های تحقیق ترجیح دارد.

This approach is preferable to other research methods.

Formal academic 'tarjih dāshtan'.

4

نظام ترجیحات در جوامع مدرن به شدت پیچیده شده است.

The system of preferences in modern societies has become extremely complex.

Sociological discourse.

5

او هیچ‌گونه ترجیحی برای منافع فردی خود قائل نشد.

He did not grant any preference to his individual interests.

Formal phrase 'tarjih ghā'el shodan'.

6

در متون حقوقی، ترجیح حق بر مصلحت مورد بحث است.

In legal texts, the preference of right over expediency is debated.

Legal philosophy register.

7

این انتخاب ناشی از یک ترجیح عمیقاً ریشه‌دار است.

This choice stems from a deeply rooted preference.

Descriptive abstract noun phrase.

8

او با ترجیح دادن مصلحت عام بر خواست خاص، درایت خود را نشان داد.

By preferring the general good over specific desires, he showed his wisdom.

Classical/Formal Persian structure.

1

فیلسوفان در باب مبانی ترجیح عقلانی به تفصیل سخن گفته‌اند.

Philosophers have spoken at length about the foundations of rational preference.

High academic register.

2

عدم ترجیح یکی بر دیگری، منجر به بن‌بست در تصمیم‌گیری شد.

The lack of preference for one over the other led to a stalemate in decision-making.

Complex nominalized subject.

3

در این جستار، به بررسی تبارشناسی ترجیحات زیبایی‌شناختی می‌پردازیم.

In this essay, we examine the genealogy of aesthetic preferences.

Advanced scholarly introduction.

4

ترجیح بلامرجح در نظام‌های کلامی به معنای صدور فعل بدون علت است.

Preference without a reason in theological systems means performing an action without a cause.

Theological/Metaphysical terminology.

5

او با دقتی وسواس‌گونه، ترجیحات سبکی خود را در متن اعمال کرد.

With obsessive precision, he applied his stylistic preferences to the text.

Advanced literary description.

6

ساختار ترجیحات در نظریه بازی‌ها به صورت ماتریسی نمایش داده می‌شود.

The structure of preferences in game theory is represented as a matrix.

Technical scientific register.

7

این ترجیح، محصول تلاقی فرهنگ سنت و مدرنیته است.

This preference is the product of the intersection of traditional and modern culture.

Sociological analysis.

8

وی با نفی هرگونه ترجیح ذاتی، بر برابری انسان‌ها تأکید ورزید.

By denying any inherent preference, he emphasized human equality.

Humanistic/Philosophical discourse.

Collocations courantes

ترجیح دادن
ترجیح داشتن
ترجیحاً
ترجیح شخصی
تعرفه ترجیحی
ترجیح اخلاقی
قائل شدن ترجیح
نظام ترجیحات
ترجیح استراتژیک
ترجیح بلامرجح

Phrases Courantes

به من ترجیح داد

— He/she preferred someone else over me.

او او را به من ترجیح داد.

چه ترجیحی داری؟

— What do you prefer?

برای شام چه ترجیحی داری؟

ترجیح می‌دهم بمیرم تا...

— I'd rather die than...

ترجیح می‌دهم بمیرم تا تسلیم شوم.

حق ترجیح

— Right of preference or priority.

او حق ترجیح در خرید را دارد.

بدون هیچ ترجیحی

— Without any preference (randomly).

کارت‌ها را بدون هیچ ترجیحی پخش کرد.

ترجیح با کیست؟

— Who has the preference/priority?

در این نوبت، ترجیح با کیست؟

ترجیحات مذهبی

— Religious preferences.

او به ترجیحات مذهبی آن‌ها احترام گذاشت.

ترجیحاً حضوری

— Preferably in person.

جلسه ترجیحاً حضوری برگزار می‌شود.

مورد ترجیح

— Preferred (adjective).

رنگ مورد ترجیح من آبی است.

ترجیح دادن منافع

— To prioritize interests.

او همیشه منافع دیگران را ترجیح می‌دهد.

Souvent confondu avec

ترجیح vs اولویت

Olaviyat is about timing and objective importance; Tarjih is about subjective liking.

ترجیح vs انتخاب

Entekhāb is the physical act of picking; Tarjih is the mental state of favoring.

ترجیح vs تجربه

Tajrobeh (experience) sounds similar but is completely different.

Expressions idiomatiques

"ترجیح بلامرجح"

— Choosing one thing over another without any reason or cause. Often used in logic and philosophy.

این انتخاب شما ترجیح بلامرجح است.

Academic/Formal
"ترجیح دادن نقد به نسیه"

— Preferring something immediate over something promised in the future.

او همیشه نقد را به نسیه ترجیح می‌دهد.

Proverbial
"ترجیح دادن مرگ بر ذلت"

— Preferring death over humiliation/dishonor.

قهرمانان ترجیح دادن مرگ بر ذلت را آموخته‌اند.

Literary/Heroic
"عقل حکم به ترجیح می‌دهد"

— Reason dictates a preference (logic suggests one is better).

در این مورد، عقل حکم به ترجیح گزینه اول می‌دهد.

Formal
"ترجیح دادن سکوت بر کلام"

— Preferring silence over speaking.

در آن لحظه، ترجیح دادن سکوت بر کلام بهترین کار بود.

Literary
"ترجیح دادن عشق بر عقل"

— Preferring love/emotion over reason.

او در زندگی همیشه عشق را بر عقل ترجیح داده است.

Poetic
"ترجیح دادن کیفیت بر کمیت"

— Preferring quality over quantity.

ما در تولید، همیشه کیفیت را بر کمیت ترجیح می‌دهیم.

Business
"ترجیح دادن مصالح ملی"

— Preferring national interests (over personal ones).

سیاستمدار باید مصالح ملی را ترجیح دهد.

Political
"ترجیح دادن تنهایی"

— Preferring to be alone.

او ترجیح دادن تنهایی را به بودن در جمع‌های ریاکارانه برگزید.

General
"ترجیح دادن سادگی"

— Preferring simplicity.

او در سبک زندگی، سادگی را بر تجمل ترجیح می‌دهد.

General

Facile à confondre

ترجیح vs ارجح

Root is the same.

'Arjah' is an adjective meaning 'more preferable' or 'superior'.

این گزینه ارجح است.

ترجیح vs ترجیحاً

It's the adverbial form.

Used to mean 'preferably' rather than 'preference'.

ترجیحاً زود بیایید.

ترجیح vs مرجح

Passive participle.

Means 'the thing that has been preferred'.

گزینه مرجح انتخاب شد.

ترجیح vs رجحان

Infinitive-like noun.

More formal/archaic way to say 'precedence' or 'superiority'.

او به رجحان عقل معتقد است.

ترجیح vs توجیه

Sounds similar.

'Tojih' means 'justification' or 'explanation'.

این کار هیچ توجیهی ندارد.

Structures de phrases

A1

ترجیح من [Noun] است.

ترجیح من چای است.

A2

[Subject] [Noun] را ترجیح می‌دهد.

او قهوه را ترجیح می‌دهد.

B1

[Subject] [Noun] را به [Noun] ترجیح می‌دهد.

من کتاب را به فیلم ترجیح می‌دهم.

B1

ترجیح می‌دهم که [Subjunctive Verb].

ترجیح می‌دهم که بروم.

B2

[Noun] بر [Noun] ترجیح دارد.

کیفیت بر کمیت ترجیح دارد.

B2

ترجیحاً [Sentence].

ترجیحاً فردا تماس بگیرید.

C1

با ترجیح دادن [Noun] بر [Noun]...

با ترجیح دادن مصلحت بر منفعت...

C2

قائل شدن ترجیح بین [Noun] و [Noun].

او بین این دو هیچ ترجیحی قائل نشد.

Famille de mots

Noms

ترجیح (preference)
مرجّح (the preferred one)
رجحان (superiority/precedence)

Verbes

ترجیح دادن (to prefer)
ترجیح داشتن (to be preferable)
رجحان داشتن (to have precedence)

Adjectifs

ترجیحی (preferential)
مرجّح (preferred)

Apparenté

اولویت
انتخاب
گزینه
برتری
تمایل
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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High (Top 1000 words)

Erreurs courantes
  • من چای به قهوه ترجیح می‌دهم. → من چای **را** به قهوه ترجیح می‌دهم.

    Missing the direct object marker 'rā'.

  • من ترجیح دارم بروم. → من ترجیح **می‌دهم** بروم.

    Using 'dāshtan' instead of 'dādan' for the active verb.

  • ترجیح می‌دهم رفتن. → ترجیح می‌دهم **بروم**.

    Using the infinitive instead of the subjunctive mood.

  • بیشتر ترجیح می‌دهم. → ترجیح می‌دهم.

    Redundancy; 'tarjih' already implies 'more'.

  • ترجیح من روی این است. → ترجیح من این است.

    Using 'rooy-e' (on) is too colloquial for formal writing.

Astuces

Subjunctive Alert

Always follow 'tarjih midaham' with a subjunctive verb if you are describing an action.

Polite No

Use 'tarjih' to politely decline something by offering an alternative.

Object Marker

Don't forget 'rā' for the preferred object.

Adverbial Use

Use 'tarji-han' in lists of requirements to sound professional.

Taarof

Stating a 'tarjih' can help end a long cycle of Taarof by making a decision.

Comparative Scale

Visualize a scale; 'tarjih' is the weight that tips it.

News Listening

Listen for 'tarifeh-ye tarjihi' in economic news.

Refrains

A 'tarjih-band' is a poem where a 'preference' (refrain) returns.

Softening

Use 'Tarjih-e man...' to start an opinion softly.

Priority

In academic papers, use 'tarjih dāshtan' for 'to be preferable'.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of a 'Target' (tar) that you 'Just' (jih) choose. You 'Target' the one you 'Just' prefer.

Association visuelle

Imagine a balanced scale where one side suddenly drops because it's more important to you. That 'drop' is the 'tarjih'.

Word Web

Choice Comparison Selection Priority Taste Decision Option Favor

Défi

Try to list three things you prefer today using 'tarjih midaham' and post it on social media in Persian.

Origine du mot

Derived from the Arabic root R-J-H (ر ج ح). In Arabic, this root relates to the idea of a scale tipping or one side being heavier than the other.

Sens originel : To outweigh, to excel, or to make something weigh more on a scale.

Semitic root adopted into Indo-European Persian vocabulary.

Contexte culturel

No specific sensitivities; it is a neutral, highly useful word.

In English, 'prefer' is very direct. In Persian, 'tarjih' is slightly more formal and is often used to soften a refusal or a lack of interest in another option.

Used frequently in the works of modern Iranian thinkers like Abdolkarim Soroush. Appears in legal documents regarding the 'Right of Pre-emption' (Hagh-e Shof'eh). Common in modern Persian cinema dialogue to show character conflict.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Restaurant

  • ترجیح شما چیست؟
  • من غذای گیاهی را ترجیح می‌دهم.
  • ترجیحاً بدون فلفل.
  • کدام نوشیدنی را ترجیح می‌دهید؟

Job Interview

  • ترجیحات شغلی شما چیست؟
  • من کار تیمی را ترجیح می‌دهم.
  • ترجیح می‌دهم در محیطی پویا کار کنم.
  • آیا ترجیحی برای ساعت کاری دارید؟

Shopping

  • این مدل بر آن ترجیح دارد.
  • ترجیح من رنگ تیره است.
  • آیا ترجیح خاصی دارید؟
  • ترجیحاً جنس نخی باشد.

Academic Discussion

  • این نظریه ترجیح دارد.
  • بر اساس ترجیحات منطقی...
  • قائل شدن ترجیح بین دو فرضیه.
  • نظام ترجیحات در این مدل.

Travel

  • ترجیح می‌دهم با هواپیما بروم.
  • هتل را به مسافرخانه ترجیح می‌دهم.
  • ترجیحاً نزدیک مرکز شهر باشد.
  • برنامه مورد ترجیح شما چیست؟

Amorces de conversation

"شما در سفر، هتل را ترجیح می‌دهید یا چادر زدن در طبیعت را؟"

"آیا ترجیح می‌دهید در یک شهر بزرگ زندگی کنید یا یک روستای آرام؟"

"در اوقات فراغت، مطالعه کتاب را ترجیح می‌دهید یا تماشای فیلم؟"

"برای یادگیری زبان، کلاس حضوری را ترجیح می‌دهید یا آنلاین؟"

"آیا ترجیح می‌دهید صبح زود بیدار شوید یا شب‌ها تا دیر وقت بیدار بمانید؟"

Sujets d'écriture

در مورد سه ترجیح اصلی خود در زندگی بنویسید و دلیل آن‌ها را توضیح دهید.

آیا تا به حال مجبور شده‌اید ترجیح شخصی خود را به خاطر دیگران نادیده بگیرید؟

تفاوت بین 'ترجیح' و 'اولویت' را در زندگی روزمره خود چگونه می‌بینید؟

اگر می‌توانستید، ترجیح می‌دادید در چه دوره‌ای از تاریخ زندگی می‌کردید؟

چگونه ترجیحات شما در ده سال گذشته تغییر کرده است؟

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

It's redundant. 'Tarjih dādan' already means 'to like more'. Instead of 'bishtar tarjih midaham', just say 'tarjih midaham'.

'Be' is more common in speech; 'bar' is more formal and literary. Both mean 'to/over'.

It is neutral to formal. In very casual speech, people might say 'doost dāram' (I like), but 'tarjih' is standard and polite.

Use 'Tarjih midaham ke [negative subjunctive verb]'. For example: 'Tarjih midaham nakonam'.

It is the plural form, meaning 'preferences'. Common in settings like 'user preferences' in software.

Yes, very often, especially when giving instructions or requirements.

Yes, like 'I prefer him over her' (Man oo rā be oo tarjih midaham).

The Arabic root R-J-H, which relates to weighing and outweighing.

No, it must be 'tarjih dādan' or 'tarjih dāshtan'.

You say 'raftār-e tarjihi' or 'emtiyāz-e tarjihi'.

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Teste-toi 183 questions

writing

Write a sentence in Persian: 'I prefer reading books to watching TV.'

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Uses comparison with 'be'.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Uses comparison with 'be'.

writing

Write a sentence using 'ترجیحاً'.

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Correct use of the adverb.

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Correct use of the adverb.

writing

Ask someone about their preference for a hotel or a house.

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Simple question structure.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Simple question structure.

writing

Write: 'He prefers that we don't go.'

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Negative subjunctive 'naravim'.

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Negative subjunctive 'naravim'.

writing

Explain your personal preference for a season.

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Complex sentence with reason.

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Complex sentence with reason.

speaking

Talk about your favorite sport using 'tarjih dādan'.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Practice oral comparison.

speaking

Ask a friend if they prefer tea or coffee.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Conversational question.

speaking

Say: 'I'd rather go tomorrow.'

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Using subjunctive in speech.

speaking

Explain why you prefer a certain city.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Descriptive preference.

speaking

Tell someone you have no preference.

Read this aloud:

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Useful social phrase.

listening

Listen to the word 'Tarjih'. How many syllables does it have?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Phonological awareness.

listening

A speaker says: 'Man chāy ro tarjih midam.' What do they prefer?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

'Chāy' is the object.

listening

A speaker says: 'Tarji-han fardā biāid.' When should you come?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

'Fardā' means tomorrow.

listening

Listen for the stress in 'Tarjih'. Is it on the first or second syllable?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

Stress pattern in Persian nouns.

listening

A speaker says: 'In bar oon tarjih dāre.' Which one is better?

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

The first one ('in').

writing

Write 'My preference is blue.'

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writing

Write 'I prefer that you stay.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Translate: 'Preference of national interests.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write 'Which one do you prefer?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Preferably in Tehran.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer to work alone.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'What is your preference?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I have no preference between these two.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Preferably call me later.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer this house.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Do you have a preference?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Preferably with a discount.'

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writing

Write: 'I prefer to study now.'

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writing

Write: 'Which fruit do you prefer?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer tea without sugar.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Preferably in the morning.'

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writing

Write: 'I prefer traveling by train.'

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writing

Write: 'What is your preference for dinner?'

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writing

Write: 'I prefer to speak Persian.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Which color do you prefer?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer to go home.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer fish to meat.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Preferably with experience.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'What is your preference?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer summer.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'What is your preference for dinner?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer to speak Persian.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Which color do you prefer?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer to go home.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer fish to meat.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'Preferably with experience.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'What is your preference?'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
writing

Write: 'I prefer summer.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

/ 183 correct

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