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B1 noun #3,000 le plus courant 8 min de lecture

تئوری

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces تئوری en 30 secondes
Explication تئوری in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 'تئوری' as a 'big idea'. It is a word you might hear when people talk about science or school. You don't need to use it often, but you should know it means something like an explanation for how things work. For example, 'تئوری موسیقی' is just the rules of music. It's a loanword, so it sounds like 'theory' in English, which makes it easy to remember. Just remember the pronunciation: te-o-ri.
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At the A2 level, you start to see 'تئوری' in contrast with 'عمل' (practice/action). You might learn the phrase 'در تئوری' (in theory). This is useful for saying that something sounds good but might not happen. You also begin to see it in simple scientific contexts, like 'تئوری زمین' (theory of the earth). You should be able to use it in simple sentences like 'این یک تئوری جالب است' (This is an interesting theory).
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At the B1 level, you should understand that 'تئوری' is a formal word used in academic and professional settings. You should know the difference between 'تئوری' and 'فرضیه' (hypothesis). You will encounter it in news reports and documentaries. You should be comfortable using it with common verbs like 'ارائه دادن' (to present) or 'مطالعه کردن' (to study). You also learn about 'تئوری توطئه' (conspiracy theory), which is a common cultural term.
At the B2 level, you use 'تئوری' to discuss complex ideas. You can talk about 'تئوری‌های اقتصادی' or 'تئوری‌های اجتماعی' with more confidence. You understand the nuances of the word and can use its adjective form 'تئوریک' (theoretical). You are able to compare different theories and explain why one might be better than another. You also start to use the more formal Persian synonym 'نظریه' in your writing to show a higher level of vocabulary.
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At the C1 level, 'تئوری' becomes a tool for critical analysis. You use it to deconstruct arguments and explore philosophical frameworks. You understand the epistemological implications of a 'تئوری' and can discuss 'تئوری پردازی' (theorizing) as a process. You are familiar with specific academic theories in your field of interest and can use the word in complex, compound sentences with sophisticated grammar. You can also identify the subtle difference in register between 'تئوری' and 'نظریه'.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'تئوری'. You can use it in highly technical or literary contexts. You understand its historical development in the Persian language and its relationship to Western thought. You can engage in deep debates about the validity of various theories, using precise terminology. You can write academic papers or give professional presentations where 'تئوری' is used with perfect accuracy and stylistic flair, seamlessly blending it with advanced Persian vocabulary.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

تئوری en 30 secondes

  • تئوری means theory, a system of ideas explaining facts.
  • It is a loanword from French/English used in academic contexts.
  • Commonly contrasted with 'عمل' (practice) in the phrase 'در تئوری'.
  • Interchangeable with the formal Persian word 'نظریه' (nazariyeh).

The Persian word تئوری (pronounced 'te-o-ri') is a direct loanword from the French 'théorie' and the English 'theory'. In its most fundamental sense, it refers to a system of ideas or a set of principles intended to explain something, especially one based on general principles independent of the thing to be explained. In the Persian linguistic landscape, it occupies a space that is both academic and colloquial, though it is often used interchangeably with the more formal Persian-rooted word نظریه (nazariyeh). Understanding 'تئوری' requires a grasp of its dual nature: it can represent a rigorous scientific framework or a mere speculation in everyday conversation.

Scientific Context
In science, a 'تئوری' is not just a guess; it is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is acquired through the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and experimentation. For example, the 'تئوری نسبیت' (Theory of Relativity) is a cornerstone of modern physics.
Colloquial Context
In daily life, Iranians might use 'تئوری' to describe a hunch or a personal belief about why something happened. This is similar to the English usage of 'I have a theory about why he's late'.
Abstract vs. Practical
The word often implies a contrast with practice. The phrase 'در تئوری' (in theory) is frequently used to describe something that sounds good on paper but might not work in reality ('در عمل').

این تئوری می‌تواند بسیاری از پدیده‌های فیزیکی را توضیح دهد.

Translation: This theory can explain many physical phenomena.

The word is versatile. You will find it in the titles of university courses, in the headlines of scientific journals, and in the heated debates of political analysts. It carries a certain weight of intellectualism. When someone says 'من یک تئوری دارم' (I have a theory), they are inviting you into a logical exploration of their thoughts. It suggests a structured way of thinking rather than a random thought.

او سال‌ها روی تئوری جدید خود کار کرد.

Translation: He worked on his new theory for years.

Historically, the adoption of 'تئوری' into Persian coincided with the modernization of the Iranian educational system in the early 20th century. As Western scientific texts were translated, many technical terms were transliterated directly. This is why many scientific terms in Persian sound familiar to English or French speakers. However, the nuance of 'تئوری' in Persian has evolved to fit the local context, often being paired with verbs like 'ارائه دادن' (to present) or 'اثبات کردن' (to prove).

تئوری توطئه در میان مردم بسیار رایج است.

Translation: Conspiracy theories are very common among the people.

یادگیری تئوری موسیقی برای هر نوازنده‌ای لازم است.

Translation: Learning music theory is necessary for every musician.

این بحث‌ها فقط در سطح تئوری باقی ماندند.

Translation: These discussions remained only at the level of theory.

Using 'تئوری' correctly involves understanding its grammatical placement and the common verbs it pairs with. As a noun, it functions much like its English counterpart. You can use it as the subject of a sentence, the object of a verb, or after a preposition. One of the most common ways to use it is in the phrase 'در تئوری' (in theory), which is used to contrast an ideal situation with reality. For example, 'در تئوری، این ماشین باید سریع باشد، اما در عمل اینطور نیست' (In theory, this car should be fast, but in practice, it isn't).

Common Verbs
ارائه دادن (to present/propose), رد کردن (to reject/refute), اثبات کردن (to prove), آزمایش کردن (to test), مطالعه کردن (to study).
Adjective Forms
The adjective 'تئوریک' (theoretical) is used to describe things related to theory. Example: 'دانش تئوریک' (theoretical knowledge).

In academic writing, 'تئوری' is often followed by the name of the theory using the 'Ezafe' construction (the short 'e' sound connecting two words). For example, 'تئوریِ کوانتوم' (Quantum Theory) or 'تئوریِ تکامل' (Theory of Evolution). It's important to note that while 'تئوری' is widely accepted, some purists prefer 'نظریه'. If you are writing a formal thesis, check with your professor, though in most modern contexts, 'تئوری' is perfectly fine.

دانشمندان در حال آزمایش این تئوری هستند.

Translation: Scientists are testing this theory.

Another interesting usage is in the phrase 'تئوری توطئه' (conspiracy theory). This is a very common term in Iranian social and political discourse. It refers to the belief that a secret group is behind an event. Iranians might say 'باز هم تئوری توطئه؟' (Another conspiracy theory?) when someone suggests a hidden agenda behind a simple event. This shows how the word has moved from the laboratory to the coffee shop.

او یک تئوری جالب درباره سقوط بازار دارد.

Translation: He has an interesting theory about the market crash.

You will encounter 'تئوری' in a variety of settings in Iran. In the university (دانشگاه), it is ubiquitous. Professors will lecture on 'تئوری‌های مدیریت' (management theories) or 'تئوری‌های اقتصادی' (economic theories). If you are a student, you will likely have exams that distinguish between the 'بخش تئوری' (theory section) and the 'بخش عملی' (practical section) of a course. This distinction is crucial in fields like medicine, engineering, and the arts.

Media and News
News anchors and political analysts frequently use the word when discussing international relations or social trends. 'تئوری بازی‌ها' (Game Theory) is a common topic in political science discussions.
Music and Arts
In music schools, 'تئوری موسیقی' is a standard subject. It covers the grammar of music—scales, chords, and rhythm.

In the digital world, Persian social media is full of 'تئوری'. From fans discussing 'تئوری‌های سریال' (TV show theories) to tech enthusiasts discussing 'تئوری‌های هوش مصنوعی' (AI theories), the word is a staple of online intellectual exchange. It's also common in self-help and psychology contexts, where people discuss 'تئوری‌های شخصیت' (personality theories) to better understand themselves and others.

در اخبار درباره تئوری جدید اقتصادی صحبت کردند.

Translation: They talked about the new economic theory on the news.

Finally, you'll hear it in casual debates. Iranians love to discuss 'تئوری‌های مختلف' (various theories) over tea. Whether it's about history, sociology, or why the local football team is losing, 'تئوری' provides a framework for these passionate discussions. It's a word that bridges the gap between the ivory tower and the street corner.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing 'تئوری' with 'فرضیه' (farziyeh). While in English 'theory' is often used loosely to mean a guess, in a strict scientific or academic Persian context, 'تئوری' is much stronger than a 'فرضیه'. A 'فرضیه' is a hypothesis—a starting point for investigation. A 'تئوری' is a comprehensive explanation. Using 'تئوری' when you mean a simple guess can sometimes sound slightly pretentious or technically incorrect.

Pronunciation Pitfall
Some learners might pronounce it like the English 'theory' with a 'th' sound. In Persian, it is strictly 'te-o-ri'. The 't' is a hard 't' and there is no 'th' sound in Persian.
Over-reliance on Loanwords
While 'تئوری' is common, using it in very formal literary writing might be seen as a lack of vocabulary. In such cases, 'نظریه' is the preferred Persian alternative.

Another mistake is the incorrect use of the Ezafe. When connecting 'تئوری' to another word, you must add the 'ye' sound: 'تئوریِ نسبیت' (Te-o-ri-ye Nesbiyat). Forgetting this makes the sentence sound disjointed. Also, be careful with the plural. While 'تئوری‌ها' is standard, you might occasionally see 'تئوریجات' in very informal or humorous contexts, but this is not standard Persian and should be avoided in serious writing.

اشتباه: من یک تئوری کوچک دارم که شاید باران ببارد. (Better: فرضیه/فکر)

Note: Using 'theory' for a simple weather guess is slightly odd.

To truly master 'تئوری', you should know its synonyms and related terms. The most important one is نظریه (nazariyeh). This is the direct Persian equivalent and is used in all the same contexts, though it feels slightly more formal. In many academic textbooks, you will see 'نظریه' used in the title and 'تئوری' used in the body text.

فرضیه (Farziyeh)
Meaning 'hypothesis'. This is a tentative assumption made in order to draw out and test its logical or empirical consequences.
دیدگاه (Didgah)
Meaning 'viewpoint' or 'perspective'. While a theory is a system, a 'دیدگاه' is more about the angle from which you look at something.
انگاره (Engareh)
A more literary and abstract word for 'notion' or 'paradigm'. It is often used in philosophical or high-level sociological discussions.
تز (Tez)
From the French 'thèse', meaning 'thesis'. This is often used to refer to a specific claim or a student's final project.

Understanding the difference between these words helps you choose the right level of formality. If you are talking about a scientific law, 'تئوری' or 'نظریه' is best. If you are talking about a personal opinion, 'نظر' (nazar) or 'عقیده' (aghideh) is more appropriate. If you are discussing a preliminary idea for a research paper, 'فرضیه' is the word to use.

او نظریه متفاوتی درباره این موضوع دارد.

Translation: He has a different theory/opinion about this subject.

How Formal Is It?

Niveau de difficulté

Grammaire à connaître

Ezafe construction

Loanword pluralization

Compound verbs with 'kardan'

Adjective formation with '-ik'

Prepositional phrases

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Exemples par niveau

1

این تئوری چیست؟

What is this theory?

Simple question structure.

2

من تئوری موسیقی را دوست دارم.

I like music theory.

Direct object with 'ra'.

3

او یک تئوری دارد.

He has a theory.

Verb 'dashtan' (to have).

4

تئوری سخت نیست.

Theory is not hard.

Negative 'to be' verb.

5

این تئوری جدید است.

This theory is new.

Adjective following the noun.

6

کتاب تئوری کجاست؟

Where is the theory book?

Ezafe construction 'Ketab-e Teori'.

7

ما تئوری می‌خوانیم.

We study theory.

Present continuous 'mikhanim'.

8

تئوری جالب است.

Theory is interesting.

Simple predicate.

1

در تئوری، این کار آسان است.

In theory, this task is easy.

Prepositional phrase 'dar teori'.

2

او تئوری‌های زیادی می‌داند.

He knows many theories.

Plural noun 'teori-ha'.

3

آیا این تئوری درست است؟

Is this theory correct?

Interrogative sentence.

4

معلم تئوری را توضیح داد.

The teacher explained the theory.

Past tense 'tozih dad'.

5

من به این تئوری باور ندارم.

I don't believe in this theory.

Preposition 'be' with 'bavar dashtan'.

6

تئوری او بسیار ساده بود.

His theory was very simple.

Possessive pronoun 'u'.

7

آن‌ها درباره تئوری بحث کردند.

They discussed the theory.

Preposition 'darbare-ye'.

8

این تئوری قدیمی است.

This theory is old.

Adjective 'ghadimi'.

1

دانشمندان یک تئوری جدید ارائه دادند.

Scientists presented a new theory.

Compound verb 'ara'eh dadan'.

2

تئوری توطئه همیشه جذاب است.

Conspiracy theory is always attractive.

Noun phrase 'teori-ye tot'eh'.

3

او تئوری نسبیت را مطالعه می‌کند.

He is studying the theory of relativity.

Specific noun phrase.

4

این تئوری بر اساس شواهد است.

This theory is based on evidence.

Phrase 'bar asase' (based on).

5

تئوری و عمل با هم فرق دارند.

Theory and practice are different.

Comparison.

6

او تئوریسین بزرگی است.

He is a great theoretician.

Noun for a person.

7

باید تئوری را در عمل ثابت کنیم.

We must prove the theory in practice.

Modal verb 'bayad'.

8

این تئوری با واقعیت نمی‌خواند.

This theory doesn't match reality.

Idiomatic 'nemikhanad' (doesn't match).

1

تئوری‌های مدیریت در حال تغییر هستند.

Management theories are changing.

Present continuous plural.

2

او دانش تئوریک بالایی دارد.

He has high theoretical knowledge.

Adjective 'teorik'.

3

این تئوری بسیاری از سوالات را پاسخ می‌دهد.

This theory answers many questions.

Active verb 'pasokh dadan'.

4

تئوری انتخاب طبیعی توسط داروین مطرح شد.

The theory of natural selection was proposed by Darwin.

Passive voice 'matrah shod'.

5

ما باید به تئوری‌های دیگر هم توجه کنیم.

We must also pay attention to other theories.

Plural with 'ham' (also).

6

این تئوری در قرن بیستم شکل گرفت.

This theory took shape in the 20th century.

Past tense 'shekl gereft'.

7

او سعی کرد تئوری خود را ساده‌سازی کند.

He tried to simplify his theory.

Infinitive 'sade-sazi kardan'.

8

تئوری‌های او در جامعه تأثیرگذار بود.

His theories were influential in society.

Adjective 'ta'sir-gozar'.

1

نقد این تئوری نیازمند دانش عمیقی است.

Critiquing this theory requires deep knowledge.

Gerund 'naghd' as subject.

2

تئوری‌های پسا‌مدرن چالش‌برانگیز هستند.

Post-modern theories are challenging.

Complex adjective 'chalesh-barangiz'.

3

او به تئوریزه کردن مفاهیم انتزاعی پرداخت.

He engaged in theorizing abstract concepts.

Verb 'be ... pardakhtan' (to engage in).

4

این تئوری از لحاظ منطقی ایراد دارد.

This theory is logically flawed.

Adverbial phrase 'az lahaze mantaghi'.

5

تئوری‌های کوانتومی جهان را دگرگون کردند.

Quantum theories transformed the world.

Strong verb 'degargun kardan'.

6

او در تئوری‌های خود تجدید نظر کرد.

He revised his theories.

Phrase 'tajdid-e nazar kardan'.

7

این تئوری چارچوب مناسبی برای تحلیل ارائه می‌دهد.

This theory provides a suitable framework for analysis.

Noun 'charchub' (framework).

8

تئوری‌های او با پارادایم‌های فعلی همخوانی ندارد.

His theories do not align with current paradigms.

Academic word 'paradigm'.

1

واکاوی تئوری‌های ساختارگرایی مستلزم دقت است.

Analyzing structuralist theories requires precision.

Formal word 'vakavi' (analysis).

2

این تئوری در بوته آزمایش سربلند بیرون آمد.

This theory stood the test of time/experiment.

Idiomatic expression.

3

تئوری‌های وی بر بنیان‌های سستی استوار است.

His theories are built on shaky foundations.

Literary 'ostovar ast'.

4

او به بازخوانی تئوری‌های کلاسیک همت گماشت.

He endeavored to re-read/re-interpret classical theories.

Formal 'hemmat gomasht'.

5

تئوری‌های نوظهور در پی تبیین پیچیدگی‌ها هستند.

Emerging theories seek to explain complexities.

Formal 'dar pey-e tabyin'.

6

این تئوری از منظر اپیستمولوژیک قابل بررسی است.

This theory is examinable from an epistemological perspective.

Technical terminology.

7

تئوری‌های او در تضاد با آموزه‌های سنتی است.

His theories are in conflict with traditional teachings.

Noun 'tazad' (conflict).

8

او به تبیین دیالکتیکی تئوری‌های خود پرداخت.

He engaged in a dialectical explanation of his theories.

Advanced adverbial 'dialektiki'.

Collocations courantes

تئوری توطئه
تئوری موسیقی
تئوری نسبیت
تئوری بازی‌ها
تئوری کوانتوم
ارائه تئوری
اثبات تئوری
رد تئوری
تئوری علمی
تئوری اقتصادی

Phrases Courantes

در تئوری
تئوری و عمل
بخش تئوری
تئوری جدید
تئوری قدیمی
تئوری پردازی
تئوری جامع
تئوری محض
تئوری پرداز
تئوری توطئه چیدن

Souvent confondu avec

تئوری vs فرضیه

تئوری vs نظر

تئوری vs قانون

Expressions idiomatiques

"در تئوری قشنگ است (It's nice in theory - implies it won't work)"
"تئوری بافتن (To weave theories - often used dismissively)"
"تئوری صادر کردن (To issue theories - used when someone talks too much without action)"
"تئوری توطئه دیدن (To see conspiracy theories everywhere)"
"از تئوری تا عمل (From theory to practice)"
"تئوری خام (A raw/unrefined theory)"
"تئوری سوخته (A failed/outdated theory)"
"تئوری پردازی کردن (To theorize extensively)"
"در بوته تئوری (In the crucible of theory)"
"تئوری‌های خیالی (Imaginary theories)"

Facile à confondre

تئوری vs

تئوری vs

تئوری vs

تئوری vs

تئوری vs

Structures de phrases

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Comment l'utiliser

casual

Loose and speculative.

academic

Strict and precise.

business

Often related to management or strategy.

Erreurs courantes
  • Pronouncing it with a 'th' sound.
  • Using it when 'فرضیه' (hypothesis) is more accurate.
  • Forgetting the Ezafe 'ye' in 'تئوریِ'.
  • Using 'تئوریجات' in formal writing.
  • Confusing 'تئوری' with 'قانون' (law).

Astuces

Learn the pair

Always learn 'تئوری' alongside 'عمل' (practice).

No 'TH'

Remember there is no 'th' sound; it's a hard 'T'.

Formal vs. Informal

Use 'نظریه' for university papers.

Conspiracy Theories

Be aware of the cultural weight of 'تئوری توطئه' in Iran.

Ezafe

Always add the 'ye' sound: تئوریِ...

In Theory

Use 'در تئوری' to express skepticism.

Context

Pay attention to whether the speaker is being scientific or casual.

Loanword

Use its similarity to English to your advantage.

Theorizing

Use 'تئوریزه کردن' for the verb 'to theorize'.

Fields

Note its use in 'تئوری بازی‌ها' (Game Theory).

Mémorise-le

Origine du mot

French (théorie)

Contexte culturel

Frequent in political talk shows.

Common in intellectual circles in Tehran cafes.

Used in all Iranian universities.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Amorces de conversation

"تئوری تو درباره این موضوع چیه؟"

"آیا به تئوری توطئه باور داری؟"

"تئوری موسیقی رو کجا یاد گرفتی؟"

"به نظرت این تئوری در عمل جواب میده؟"

"کدوم تئوری علمی برات جالب‌تره؟"

Sujets d'écriture

یک تئوری درباره آینده هوش مصنوعی بنویسید.

تفاوت تئوری و عمل را در زندگی خود شرح دهید.

چرا تئوری‌های توطئه در جامعه محبوب هستند؟

یک تئوری علمی که زندگی شما را تغییر داده توصیف کنید.

اگر می‌توانستید یک تئوری جدید اختراع کنید، چه بود؟

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

Yes, they are mostly interchangeable, but 'نظریه' is more formal and Persian-rooted.

It is 'تئوری توطئه' (Teori-ye Tot'eh).

Yes, it is the standard word for scientific theories like relativity.

You can in casual speech, but 'فکر' or 'حدس' is better.

The adjective form is 'تئوریک' (theoretical).

The plural is 'تئوری‌ها'.

Yes, it is very common in education and media.

Not usually, unless you say 'فقط در تئوری' (only in theory).

A theoretician is called a 'تئوریسین'.

Yes, 'تئوری موسیقی' is a very common term.

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