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बढ़ाना

A2 verb #1,000 le plus courant 13 min de lecture

बढ़ाना

To increase, to grow, to promote.

badhana Top 1,000

At the A1 beginner level, understanding the verb बढ़ाना (badhaana) is primarily about learning how to make simple requests to increase things in your immediate physical environment. As a beginner, you will most commonly use this verb in its imperative (command) form. When you want someone to turn up the volume on the television or radio, you will say 'आवाज़ बढ़ाओ' (aawaaz badhaao). This is a highly practical phrase that you can use daily. You will also learn the basic present tense conjugations. For a male speaker, the form is 'मैं बढ़ाता हूँ' (main badhaata hoon), meaning 'I increase'. For a female speaker, it is 'मैं बढ़ाती हूँ' (main badhaati hoon). At this stage, it is crucial to simply recognize that this verb involves an action performed by a person on an object. You are actively making something bigger, louder, or more. You should practice combining this verb with common everyday nouns like दाम (daam - price), स्पीड (speed), and आवाज़ (aawaaz - sound/volume). Do not worry too much about complex past tense rules yet; focus on present tense routines and polite requests using 'बढ़ाइए' (badhaaiye - please increase). By mastering these simple, high-frequency phrases, you will build a strong foundation for interacting in basic Hindi environments, such as asking a taxi driver to increase the speed or asking a shopkeeper why they increased the price.

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At the A2 elementary level, your understanding of बढ़ाना (badhaana) must expand to include its usage in the past perfective tense, which introduces the concept of ergativity in Hindi. Because this is a transitive verb (an action done to an object), using it in the past tense requires the subject to take the postposition 'ने' (ne). This is a major grammatical milestone. You must learn to say 'मैंने दाम बढ़ाया' (mainne daam badhaaya - I increased the price) instead of the incorrect 'मैं दाम बढ़ाया'. Furthermore, you must practice making the verb agree with the object. If the object is feminine, like आवाज़ (aawaaz - volume), the verb becomes feminine: 'उसने आवाज़ बढ़ाई' (usne aawaaz badhaayi - He/She increased the volume). At this level, you will also start using the verb in broader contexts beyond simple physical commands. You will talk about businesses increasing prices, schools increasing fees ('फीस बढ़ाना'), and companies increasing salaries ('वेतन बढ़ाना'). You should also be comfortable using the continuous tenses, such as 'वह स्पीड बढ़ा रहा है' (vah speed badha raha hai - he is increasing the speed). Mastering the 'ne' construction with this specific verb is essential for passing A2 level assessments and for being understood clearly when recounting past events.

At the B1 intermediate level, you are expected to use बढ़ाना (badhaana) in more abstract and metaphorical contexts, moving beyond simple physical increases. You will encounter and use phrases like 'ज्ञान बढ़ाना' (to increase knowledge), 'हौसला बढ़ाना' (to encourage / increase courage), and 'कदम बढ़ाना' (to advance steps / move forward). These expressions are common in everyday conversations, advice, and motivational speaking. At this stage, you should be fully comfortable with the transitive nature of the verb and rarely make mistakes with the 'ने' (ne) past tense construction. You will also begin to use this verb with modal structures, such as 'हमें अपना ज्ञान बढ़ाना चाहिए' (We should increase our knowledge) or 'सरकार को टैक्स नहीं बढ़ाना चाहिए था' (The government should not have increased the tax). Notice how the infinitive form of the verb (बढ़ाना/बढ़ानी/बढ़ाने) changes to agree with the object when used with 'चाहिए'. Additionally, you will learn to distinguish clearly between the transitive बढ़ाना and the intransitive बढ़ना (badhna), ensuring you never use the transitive form when describing something that increases naturally on its own, like inflation or age. Your vocabulary will also expand to include synonyms like 'वृद्धि करना' for slightly more formal situations.

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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, your use of बढ़ाना (badhaana) becomes highly nuanced and idiomatic. You are expected to understand and actively use common idioms and expressions where the literal translation might not immediately make sense to a beginner. A prime example is 'बात बढ़ाना' (to escalate a matter or argument). If two people are arguing, you might intervene and say 'कृपया बात को आगे मत बढ़ाइए' (Please do not escalate the matter further). Another beautiful metaphorical use is 'दोस्ती का हाथ बढ़ाना' (to extend the hand of friendship). At this level, you will frequently encounter this verb in news media, political discourse, and professional environments. You will read articles about the central bank increasing interest rates ('ब्याज दरें बढ़ाना') or companies expanding their market reach ('व्यापार बढ़ाना'). You should be able to effortlessly switch between active and passive voices, understanding structures like 'दाम बढ़ाए गए हैं' (Prices have been increased). Furthermore, you will begin to appreciate the subtle differences in register, knowing exactly when to use the everyday 'बढ़ाना' versus the more formal 'इजाफ़ा करना' or the Sanskrit-derived 'वृद्धि करना' depending on whether you are chatting with a friend or writing a formal business email.

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At the C1 advanced level, your command over the verb बढ़ाना (badhaana) is expected to be near-native. You will use it effortlessly in complex, multi-clause sentences and highly formal or literary contexts. You will understand its usage in compound verb structures, such as 'बढ़ा देना' (to increase completely or suddenly), which adds a sense of completion or force to the action. For example, 'सरकार ने अचानक टैक्स बढ़ा दिया' (The government suddenly increased the tax). You will also navigate complex causative structures. While बढ़ाना is already a causative form of बढ़ना, you will understand the double causative 'बढ़वाना' (to cause someone else to increase something). For instance, 'मैंने मैकेनिक से गाड़ी की स्पीड बढ़वाई' (I had the mechanic increase the car's speed). At this level, you are comfortable reading Hindi literature and editorials where the verb is used to describe abstract societal trends, such as 'सामाजिक दूरियां बढ़ाना' (increasing social distances) or 'जागरूकता बढ़ाना' (increasing awareness). Your vocabulary is rich enough that you instinctively know when to replace this verb with highly specific academic terms like 'प्रोत्साहित करना' (to promote/encourage) or 'विस्तारित करना' (to expand), using 'बढ़ाना' only when it provides the exact rhythmic or rhetorical effect desired in your speech or writing.

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At the C2 mastery level, the verb बढ़ाना (badhaana) is fully integrated into your intuitive grasp of the Hindi language. You manipulate it with the stylistic flair of a native speaker, employing it in poetry, advanced rhetoric, and subtle wordplay. You understand the deep etymological roots of the verb and how it connects to broader Indo-Aryan linguistic patterns. At this stage, you do not just know the grammar; you feel the rhythm of the language. You can use the verb to convey subtle emotional undertones. For example, in a literary context, 'उसने मेरी ओर एक कदम बढ़ाया' (He advanced a step towards me) can carry profound tension or intimacy depending on the surrounding narrative. You are completely fluent in using all idiomatic expressions, regional variations, and historical usages of the word. You can effortlessly debate complex economic policies using terms like 'मुद्रास्फीति बढ़ाना' (increasing inflation) or engage in philosophical discussions about 'चेतना का स्तर बढ़ाना' (elevating the level of consciousness). Your use of the verb is flawless across all tenses, moods, and voices, including the most complex conditional and subjunctive structures. You recognize that while it is a common word, its proper application is a hallmark of true linguistic mastery.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

बढ़ाना en 30 secondes

Means 'to increase' or 'to raise'.
Always requires a direct object.
Uses 'ne' in the past tense.
Opposite of 'ghataana' (to decrease).

The Hindi verb बढ़ाना (badhaana) is a fundamental vocabulary item that every learner must master early on. When we look at its core meaning, it translates to the English verbs to increase, to grow, to promote, to extend, or to advance. Understanding this verb requires a deep dive into the concept of transitive and intransitive verbs in the Hindi language. In Hindi, many verbs come in pairs. The intransitive form happens on its own, while the transitive form requires an active agent or doer. The intransitive counterpart of our target word is बढ़ना (badhna), which means to increase by itself. For example, if the temperature rises, you use the intransitive form. However, when a person actively causes something to increase, you must use the transitive form, which is the focus of our current study. This distinction is absolutely crucial for English speakers because in English, the word increase can be used for both situations without changing the verb form. You can say the price increased, and you can also say the manager increased the price. In Hindi, these two sentences require entirely different verbs. The first sentence uses the intransitive verb, while the second sentence uses our target transitive verb.

Physical Increase: Making a physical object longer, taller, or larger in volume.

उसने टीवी की आवाज़ को बढ़ाना चाहा।

Let us explore the various contexts where this action is applied in daily life. One of the most common applications is in the context of volume or sound. When you are watching television or listening to music and you want the sound to be louder, you ask someone to increase the volume. Another frequent use case is in the realm of prices and commerce. Shopkeepers and businesses frequently raise the prices of their goods and services.

दुकानदार ने दूध का दाम बढ़ाया।

In the professional world, employees constantly seek to increase their salaries or advance their careers. The verb is also used metaphorically. For instance, you can increase your courage, extend your hand in friendship, or advance your steps toward a goal. Each of these scenarios requires the active participation of a subject, reinforcing the transitive nature of the verb.

Abstract Increase: Enhancing knowledge, courage, or abstract concepts like relationships.

किताबें पढ़ने से ज्ञान बढ़ता है, और शिक्षक ज्ञान को बढ़ाते हैं।

Furthermore, the conjugation of this verb follows the standard rules for regular Hindi verbs ending in 'na'. In the present tense, the suffix changes according to the gender and number of the subject. A masculine singular subject will use the suffix 'ta hai', while a feminine subject will use 'ti hai'. Plural subjects take 'te hain'. However, the most challenging aspect for learners is using this verb in the past tense. Because it is a transitive verb, it triggers the use of the ergative marker 'ne' when used in the perfective aspect. This means that the subject takes the postposition 'ne', and the verb must agree with the gender and number of the object, not the subject.

Metaphorical Use: Using the verb to mean extending a hand or taking a step forward.

उसने दोस्ती का हाथ बढ़ाया।

This grammatical rule often confuses beginners, but with consistent practice, it becomes second nature. To truly master this vocabulary item, you must practice it across all tenses and in various contexts. Pay close attention to whether an action is happening spontaneously or being caused by someone. By doing so, you will significantly improve your fluency and accuracy in spoken and written Hindi. Remember that language learning is a journey of gradual improvement, and mastering essential verbs like this one is a major milestone.

हमें अपनी गति बढ़ानी चाहिए।

Using the verb बढ़ाना (badhaana) correctly in sentences requires a solid understanding of Hindi verb conjugation, particularly the rules surrounding transitive verbs. Because this verb implies that an agent is actively causing an increase, it behaves differently from its intransitive counterpart. Let us break down how to use this verb across various tenses, starting with the simple present tense. In the simple present tense, the verb agrees with the subject in gender and number. If the subject is a singular masculine noun or pronoun, the verb takes the form बढ़ाता है (badhaata hai). For example, if you want to say 'He increases the price', you would say 'वह दाम बढ़ाता है'. If the subject is feminine, the verb becomes बढ़ाती है (badhaati hai). For plural subjects or formal address, the verb is बढ़ाते हैं (badhaate hain).

Present Tense Conjugation: Agrees with the subject's gender and number. Masculine singular: बढ़ाता है. Feminine: बढ़ाती है.

मैं अपनी गति बढ़ाता हूँ।

Moving on to the continuous tenses, the structure involves the root of the verb, which is बढ़ा (badha), followed by the continuous markers रहा (raha), रही (rahi), or रहे (rahe), and the appropriate auxiliary verb. If you want to say 'I am increasing the volume', a male speaker would say 'मैं आवाज़ बढ़ा रहा हूँ', while a female speaker would say 'मैं आवाज़ बढ़ा रही हूँ'. This structure remains consistent across present, past, and future continuous tenses by simply changing the auxiliary verb at the end of the sentence.

वह टीवी की आवाज़ बढ़ा रहा है।

The most critical and often challenging aspect of using this verb is in the past perfective tense. Because बढ़ाना is a transitive verb, it triggers the ergative alignment in Hindi. This means that the subject must be followed by the postposition ने (ne), and the verb must agree with the direct object in gender and number. For instance, the word for price, दाम (daam), is masculine singular. Therefore, 'He increased the price' translates to 'उसने दाम बढ़ाया' (usne daam badhaaya).

Past Tense Ergativity: Requires the 'ne' marker on the subject. The verb agrees with the object.

सरकार ने टैक्स बढ़ाया।

If the object is feminine, such as गति (gati) meaning speed, the verb must be feminine. 'He increased the speed' becomes 'उसने गति बढ़ाई' (usne gati badhaayi). If the object is masculine plural, such as कदम (kadam) meaning steps, the verb becomes बढ़ाए (badhaaye). 'He advanced his steps' is 'उसने कदम बढ़ाए'. In the future tense, the verb again agrees with the subject. 'He will increase the price' is 'वह दाम बढ़ाएगा' (vah daam badhaayega). 'She will increase the price' is 'वह दाम बढ़ाएगी' (vah daam badhaayegi).

Future Tense: Agrees with the subject. Masculine: बढ़ाएगा. Feminine: बढ़ाएगी.

कंपनी अगले महीने वेतन बढ़ाएगी।

Beyond basic tenses, this verb is frequently used with modal verbs like चाहिए (chaahiye) meaning 'should' or 'ought to'. When using चाहिए with a transitive verb, the subject takes the postposition को (ko), and the verb is used in its infinitive form, agreeing with the object. 'You should increase the speed' translates to 'आपको गति बढ़ानी चाहिए' (aapko gati badhaani chaahiye), where बढ़ानी is feminine to agree with the feminine noun गति.

हमें अपना ज्ञान बढ़ाना चाहिए।

Mastering these sentence structures will give you immense confidence in expressing actions related to growth, expansion, and promotion in Hindi.

The verb बढ़ाना (badhaana) is incredibly versatile and permeates almost every aspect of daily life, media, and professional environments in Hindi-speaking regions. Because the concept of increasing or advancing is so fundamental to human activity, you will encounter this word in a wide variety of contexts. One of the most immediate and practical places you will hear this word is in the context of technology and media consumption. Whether you are sitting in a living room with family or riding in a taxi, requests to adjust the volume are ubiquitous. You will frequently hear phrases like 'टीवी की आवाज़ बढ़ाना' (increase the TV volume) or 'गाने की आवाज़ बढ़ाओ' (turn up the song's volume). Another extremely common domain is commerce and economics. If you watch Hindi news channels or read Hindi newspapers, this verb is a staple in financial reporting. Headlines constantly discuss the government increasing taxes, companies raising prices, or banks increasing interest rates.

Economic Contexts: Used extensively to describe inflation, price hikes, and salary increments.

पेट्रोल पंप वालों ने आज फिर दाम बढ़ा दिए।

In the workplace, discussions about career progression and compensation heavily rely on this vocabulary. Employees ask their bosses to increase their salaries ('सैलरी बढ़ाना'), and managers talk about increasing productivity ('उत्पादन बढ़ाना') or expanding the business ('व्यापार बढ़ाना').

बॉस ने मेरी सैलरी बढ़ा दी है।

Beyond the literal increase of physical quantities or numbers, the word is deeply embedded in social and emotional contexts. In interpersonal relationships, you will hear the phrase 'दोस्ती का हाथ बढ़ाना' (to extend the hand of friendship), which is a beautiful metaphorical use of the verb.

Social Contexts: Used to describe extending help, friendship, or escalating a conflict.

हमें गरीबों की मदद के लिए हाथ बढ़ाना चाहिए।

Conversely, it is also used in negative social contexts. The phrase 'बात बढ़ाना' (to escalate a matter or argument) is commonly used when people are arguing and someone advises them not to make the situation worse. You might hear an elder say, 'बात को मत बढ़ाओ' (do not escalate the matter). In educational settings, teachers encourage students to increase their knowledge ('ज्ञान बढ़ाना') or improve their focus. In sports, coaches yell at athletes to increase their speed ('स्पीड बढ़ाओ') or stamina.

Physical Movement: Used in sports and driving to command an increase in pace.

ड्राइवर, गाड़ी की स्पीड थोड़ी बढ़ाओ।

Furthermore, in the context of dining and hospitality, you might hear this word used politely to offer more food. While 'और लीजिए' (please take more) is common, a host might also say 'थोड़ा और बढ़ा दूँ?' (shall I increase/add a little more?).

क्या मैं आपकी प्लेट में थोड़े चावल और बढ़ा दूँ?

As you immerse yourself in Hindi media, movies, and daily conversations, you will notice that this verb is indispensable. Its ability to transition seamlessly from describing macroeconomic policies to adjusting the volume on a smartphone makes it one of the most high-frequency verbs in the language. Recognizing these diverse contexts will not only improve your listening comprehension but also enable you to speak more naturally and idiomatically in various situations.

When learning the Hindi verb बढ़ाना (badhaana), English speakers frequently encounter a specific set of challenges. These mistakes usually stem from the differences between English and Hindi grammar, particularly concerning verb transitivity and the ergative case. The single most common mistake is confusing the transitive verb बढ़ाना (to increase something) with its intransitive counterpart बढ़ना (to increase by itself). In English, the word 'increase' serves both functions. You can say 'The temperature increased' and 'I increased the temperature'. Because English uses the exact same word, learners naturally try to use the same Hindi word for both situations. This leads to incorrect sentences like 'तापमान बढ़ाया' (The temperature increased - incorrect because it implies the temperature actively increased something else) instead of the correct 'तापमान बढ़ा' (The temperature increased). Conversely, a learner might say 'मैंने आवाज़ बढ़ा' (I increased the volume - incorrect) instead of the correct 'मैंने आवाज़ बढ़ाई'.

Transitive vs Intransitive: Never use the transitive form when an object is growing or increasing naturally without an external agent.

गलत: महंगाई बढ़ाती है। सही: महंगाई बढ़ती है।

The second major stumbling block is the use of the ergative marker 'ने' (ne) in the past perfective tense. Because बढ़ाना is a transitive verb, any sentence describing a completed action in the past must use 'ने' after the subject. Learners often forget this and say 'मैं दाम बढ़ाया' instead of the correct 'मैंने दाम बढ़ाया'.

गलत: वह स्पीड बढ़ाया। सही: उसने स्पीड बढ़ाई।

Furthermore, even when learners remember to use the 'ने' marker, they often fail to make the verb agree with the object. In the 'ने' construction, the verb completely ignores the subject and takes the gender and number of the direct object.

Object Agreement: In past tense with 'ne', the verb ending changes based on what was increased, not who increased it.

राम ने आवाज़ बढ़ाई। (आवाज़ is feminine, so the verb is feminine, even though Ram is male).

Another subtle mistake involves pronunciation. The letter 'ढ़' (rha) is a retroflex flapped consonant with aspiration. English speakers often pronounce it simply as an English 'd' or 'r', saying 'badaana' instead of 'badhaana'. The lack of aspiration (the heavy puff of air) and the incorrect tongue placement can make the word sound like 'बताना' (to tell) or 'बनाना' (to make) to a native speaker's ear, leading to confusion. Lastly, learners sometimes overuse this verb when more specific vocabulary would be appropriate. While you can use it to mean 'to promote' someone in a job, the specific noun 'तरक्की' (tarakki - promotion) combined with 'करना' (karna - to do) is often more natural.

Overuse: Relying solely on this verb when more precise terms exist for specific contexts like academic promotion or business expansion.

उसने मेरा हौसला बढ़ाया। (Correct and natural usage for encouraging someone).

कंपनी ने व्यापार बढ़ाया। (Also correct, though 'विस्तार किया' is more formal).

By being mindful of these common pitfalls—especially the transitive/intransitive distinction and the ergative past tense rules—you will significantly improve the grammatical accuracy and natural flow of your Hindi sentences.

While बढ़ाना (badhaana) is the most common and versatile verb for expressing the concept of increasing or advancing, the Hindi language offers a rich tapestry of synonyms and alternative expressions that can add nuance and precision to your speech. Choosing the right alternative depends heavily on the context, the level of formality, and the specific type of increase you are describing. One of the most common alternatives, especially in slightly more formal or written Hindi, is वृद्धि करना (vriddhi karna). The noun वृद्धि (vriddhi) comes from Sanskrit and means growth, increment, or increase. You will frequently see this term in financial contexts, such as 'वेतन में वृद्धि करना' (to increase the salary) or 'उत्पादन में वृद्धि करना' (to increase production).

Formal Synonyms: वृद्धि करना (vriddhi karna) and इजाफ़ा करना (izaafa karna) are excellent for formal and journalistic contexts.

सरकार ने करों में वृद्धि की है।

Another excellent alternative, derived from Arabic/Urdu and widely used in everyday Hindustani as well as news media, is इजाफ़ा करना (izaafa karna). This phrase carries the exact same meaning as increasing or adding to something. For example, 'कीमतों में इजाफ़ा करना' means to increase prices. It adds a slightly sophisticated, poetic, or journalistic flair to your sentence compared to the standard verb.

मालिक ने मेरी तनख्वाह में इजाफ़ा किया।

When talking about increasing quantities in a very simple, colloquial way, people often use ज़्यादा करना (zyaada karna), which literally translates to 'to make more'. If a dish is too bland, you might ask the cook to 'नमक ज़्यादा करना' (make the salt more / increase the salt). While not as elegant as our target word, it is perfectly understood and widely used in informal street Hindi.

Informal Synonyms: ज़्यादा करना (zyaada karna) is perfect for quick, informal requests regarding quantity.

चाय में चीनी थोड़ी ज़्यादा कर दो।

In the context of career, progress, or promotion, the phrase तरक्की करना (tarakki karna) is highly relevant. While it translates more closely to 'to progress' or 'to advance', it is often used in situations where English speakers might use 'promote' or 'increase status'. If you are talking about expanding a business or extending boundaries, विस्तार करना (vistaar karna) is the precise term. It means to expand or to spread out.

कंपनी अपने व्यापार का विस्तार कर रही है।

Lastly, when referring to lengthening something physically, like a piece of cloth or a deadline, you can use लंबा करना (lamba karna - to make long).

Physical Lengthening: Use लंबा करना when specifically referring to physical length or duration of time.

दर्जी ने पैंट को थोड़ा लंबा किया।

Understanding these alternatives allows you to tailor your vocabulary to the specific situation, moving from basic communication to fluent, context-appropriate expression.

How Formal Is It?

Formel

"प्रबंधन ने कर्मचारियों के वेतन में वृद्धि करने का निर्णय लिया है।"

Neutre

"कंपनी ने सबकी सैलरी बढ़ा दी है।"

Informel

"बॉस ने मेरी पगार बढ़ा दी यार!"

Child friendly

"बेटा, टीवी की आवाज़ थोड़ी बढ़ा दो।"

Argot

"भाई, गाड़ी की स्पीड बढ़ा, लेट हो रहे हैं!"

Le savais-tu ?

The common Hindi word 'बढ़िया' (badhiya), meaning 'excellent' or 'great', comes from the exact same root. Something that is 'badhiya' is something that has grown or increased in quality!

Guide de prononciation

UK /bəˈɽʱɑː.nɑː/

US /bəˈɽʱɑ.nɑ/

The primary stress falls on the second syllable: ba-DHA-na.

Rime avec

पढ़ाना (padhaana - to teach) चढ़ाना (chadhaana - to offer/climb) गढ़ाना (gadhaana - to forge) मढ़ाना (madhaana - to cover/mount) सड़ाना (sadaana - to rot) लड़ाना (ladaana - to make fight) उड़ाना (udaana - to fly/waste) छुड़ाना (chhudaana - to free)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'ढ़' (rha) as a simple 'd' (da), making it sound like 'बदाना'.
Pronouncing 'ढ़' (rha) as a simple 'r' (ra), making it sound like 'बराना'.
Forgetting the aspiration (the puff of air) on the 'ढ़', making it sound like 'बड़ाना' (badaana - to make big, which is a different word).
Shortening the final 'aa' vowel, making it sound like 'बढ़ान'.
Stressing the first syllable instead of the second.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

The letter 'ढ़' can be tricky for beginners to recognize and pronounce correctly when reading.

Écriture 6/5

Requires understanding of the ergative 'ne' construction and object agreement in the past tense, which is difficult for English speakers.

Expression orale 5/5

Pronunciation of the aspirated retroflex flap 'ढ़' requires practice.

Écoute 4/5

Can be easily confused with 'बनाना' (to make) or 'बताना' (to tell) in fast speech.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

बढ़ना (to increase - intransitive) आवाज़ (volume) दाम (price) स्पीड (speed) ने (ergative marker)

Apprends ensuite

घटाना (to decrease) बदलना (to change) रोकना (to stop) सुधारना (to improve) बढ़वाना (to cause to be increased)

Avancé

वृद्धि (growth) विस्तार (expansion) प्रोत्साहित (encouraged) उन्नति (progress) इजाफ़ा (increment)

Grammaire à connaître

Ergativity (The 'ne' construction)

राम ने दाम बढ़ाया। (Ram increased the price.)

Transitive vs Intransitive Verbs

दाम बढ़ा (Price increased) vs उसने दाम बढ़ाया (He increased the price).

Verb Agreement with Objects

उसने आवाज़ बढ़ाई। (He increased the volume - verb is feminine because 'aawaaz' is feminine).

Modal Verbs with Transitive Infinitives

मुझे स्पीड बढ़ानी है। (I have to increase the speed).

Causative Verbs

बढ़ना (to grow) -> बढ़ाना (to cause to grow) -> बढ़वाना (to have someone cause to grow).

Inscris-toi gratuitement pour lire l'explication complète

Exemples par niveau

टीवी की आवाज़ बढ़ाओ।

Increase the TV volume.

Imperative form used for commands.

मैं अपनी स्पीड बढ़ाता हूँ।

I increase my speed.

Present simple tense, masculine subject.

कृपया दाम मत बढ़ाइए।

Please do not increase the price.

Formal imperative with 'कृपया' (please).

वह आवाज़ बढ़ाती है।

She increases the volume.

Present simple tense, feminine subject.

थोड़ा और बढ़ा दो।

Increase it a little more.

Informal command using the compound verb 'बढ़ा दो'.

हम अपना ज्ञान बढ़ाते हैं।

We increase our knowledge.

Present simple tense, plural subject.

क्या तुम आवाज़ बढ़ा सकते हो?

Can you increase the volume?

Used with the modal verb 'सकना' (can).

मुझे अपनी सैलरी बढ़ानी है।

I have to increase my salary.

Infinitive form used with 'है' to show obligation.

उसने दूध का दाम बढ़ाया।

He increased the price of milk.

Past perfective tense with 'ने'. Verb agrees with masculine object 'दाम'.

मैंने गाड़ी की स्पीड बढ़ाई।

I increased the speed of the car.

Past perfective tense. Verb agrees with feminine object 'स्पीड'.

दुकानदार ने कीमतें बढ़ा दी हैं।

The shopkeeper has increased the prices.

Present perfect tense using compound verb 'बढ़ा दी हैं'.

वह अपनी कंपनी बढ़ा रहा है।

He is expanding (increasing) his company.

Present continuous tense.

क्या सरकार टैक्स बढ़ाएगी?

Will the government increase the tax?

Future tense, feminine subject 'सरकार'.

हमें अपनी मेहनत बढ़ानी चाहिए।

We should increase our hard work.

Used with 'चाहिए' (should). Verb agrees with feminine object 'मेहनत'.

उसने टीवी की आवाज़ क्यों बढ़ाई?

Why did he increase the TV volume?

Interrogative sentence in the past perfective tense.

मैं कल अपनी फीस बढ़ाऊँगा।

I will increase my fees tomorrow.

Future tense, masculine first-person subject.

किताबें पढ़ने से ज्ञान बढ़ता है, इसलिए हमें पढ़ने की आदत बढ़ानी चाहिए।

Reading books increases knowledge, so we should increase our habit of reading.

Contrasts intransitive 'बढ़ता' with transitive 'बढ़ानी'.

उसने मुश्किल समय में मेरा हौसला बढ़ाया।

He increased (encouraged) my courage during difficult times.

Metaphorical use of the verb with 'हौसला' (courage).

हमें पर्यावरण के प्रति जागरूकता बढ़ानी होगी।

We will have to increase awareness regarding the environment.

Future obligation structure 'बढ़ानी होगी'.

कंपनी ने अपने कर्मचारियों का वेतन पंद्रह प्रतिशत बढ़ा दिया।

The company increased the salary of its employees by fifteen percent.

Use of percentage with the compound verb 'बढ़ा दिया'.

कृपया इस बात को और मत बढ़ाइए।

Please do not escalate this matter further.

Idiomatic use 'बात बढ़ाना' meaning to escalate an argument.

भारत ने व्यापार बढ़ाने के लिए नए समझौते किए हैं।

India has made new agreements to increase trade.

Infinitive form 'बढ़ाने के लिए' used to express purpose (in order to).

अगर तुम रोज़ अभ्यास करोगे, तो तुम्हारी ताकत बढ़ेगी।

If you practice daily, your strength will increase.

Conditional sentence. Note the use of the intransitive 'बढ़ेगी' here for contrast.

उसने मेरी तरफ दोस्ती का हाथ बढ़ाया।

He extended the hand of friendship towards me.

Idiomatic expression 'हाथ बढ़ाना'.

लगातार घाटे के कारण एयरलाइन को अपनी टिकट की कीमतें बढ़ानी पड़ीं।

Due to continuous losses, the airline had to increase its ticket prices.

Past compulsion structure 'बढ़ानी पड़ीं' agreeing with plural feminine 'कीमतें'.

विपक्ष का आरोप है कि सरकार जानबूझकर महंगाई बढ़ा रही है।

The opposition alleges that the government is deliberately increasing inflation.

Complex sentence with a subordinate clause introduced by 'कि'.

इस नई तकनीक से कारखाने की उत्पादन क्षमता काफी बढ़ाई जा सकती है।

With this new technology, the production capacity of the factory can be increased significantly.

Passive voice construction 'बढ़ाई जा सकती है'.

छोटी सी गलतफहमी ने बात को इतना बढ़ा दिया कि दोनों में दुश्मनी हो गई।

A small misunderstanding escalated the matter so much that they became enemies.

Advanced idiomatic use of 'बात बढ़ाना' in a cause-and-effect structure.

बैंक ने होम लोन पर ब्याज दरें बढ़ाने का फैसला किया है।

The bank has decided to increase interest rates on home loans.

Infinitive 'बढ़ाने' acting as a verbal noun object of 'फैसला किया'.

हमें अपने ग्राहकों का विश्वास बढ़ाने के लिए और मेहनत करनी होगी।

We will have to work harder to increase the trust of our customers.

Abstract noun 'विश्वास' (trust) used as the object.

उसने अपने प्रभाव का इस्तेमाल करके अपने भाई का पद बढ़वा दिया।

Using his influence, he got his brother's position increased (promoted).

Use of the double causative form 'बढ़वा दिया' (caused to be increased).

तनाव बढ़ाने वाले कारकों को पहचानना मानसिक स्वास्थ्य के लिए ज़रूरी है।

Identifying factors that increase stress is essential for mental health.

Use of 'बढ़ाने वाले' (those which increase) as an adjectival phrase.

वैश्विक आपूर्ति श्रृंखला में व्यवधान ने कच्चे माल की लागत को अप्रत्याशित रूप से बढ़ा दिया है।

Disruptions in the global supply chain have unexpectedly increased the cost of raw materials.

Highly formal vocabulary ('व्यवधान', 'अप्रत्याशित') surrounding the verb.

साहित्यिक उत्सवों का मुख्य उद्देश्य समाज में पठन-पाठन की संस्कृति को बढ़ावा देना है।

The main objective of literary festivals is to promote the culture of reading and writing in society.

Use of the related noun phrase 'बढ़ावा देना' (to give promotion/encouragement).

कूटनीतिक वार्ता विफल होने के बाद दोनों देशों ने सीमा पर सैन्य तैनाती बढ़ा दी।

After the failure of diplomatic talks, both countries increased military deployment on the border.

Journalistic register describing geopolitical events.

इस योजना का लक्ष्य ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में रोजगार के अवसरों को बढ़ाना और पलायन को रोकना है।

The goal of this scheme is to increase employment opportunities in rural areas and stop migration.

Infinitive used as a gerund in a formal policy statement.

लेखक ने कहानी में रहस्य को इस तरह बढ़ाया कि पाठक अंत तक किताब नहीं छोड़ सका।

The author increased the suspense in the story in such a way that the reader could not put the book down until the end.

Abstract literary use of increasing 'रहस्य' (suspense).

विवाद को बेवजह तूल देकर बात बढ़ाने से किसी भी समस्या का समाधान नहीं निकलता।

Escalating the matter by unnecessarily blowing the dispute out of proportion does not yield a solution to any problem.

Combining idioms 'तूल देना' and 'बात बढ़ाना' for advanced rhetoric.

कंपनियों को अपने मुनाफे को बढ़ाने के साथ-साथ सामाजिक ज़िम्मेदारी भी निभानी चाहिए।

Along with increasing their profits, companies should also fulfill their social responsibility.

Complex sentence structure balancing two obligations.

उसने अपने तर्कों से बहस की गंभीरता को और अधिक बढ़ा दिया।

With his arguments, he increased the seriousness of the debate even further.

Formal academic context using 'गंभीरता' (seriousness).

कवि ने अपने शब्दों के माध्यम से मानवीय संवेदनाओं के दायरे को असीम रूप से बढ़ा दिया है।

Through his words, the poet has infinitely expanded the boundaries of human sensibilities.

Highly literary and poetic usage of the verb.

आर्थिक असमानता को बढ़ाने वाली नीतियां अंततः सामाजिक ताने-बाने को छिन्न-भिन्न कर देती हैं।

Policies that increase economic inequality ultimately tear apart the social fabric.

Academic sociological discourse using complex participial phrases.

उन्होंने न केवल संस्था की प्रतिष्ठा को बढ़ाया, बल्कि उसे एक नए वैचारिक शिखर पर भी स्थापित किया।

He not only increased the prestige of the institution but also established it on a new ideological pinnacle.

Advanced correlative conjunction structure 'न केवल... बल्कि'.

ध्यान और योग के निरंतर अभ्यास से व्यक्ति अपनी चेतना के स्तर को गुणात्मक रूप से बढ़ा सकता है।

Through continuous practice of meditation and yoga, a person can qualitatively elevate their level of consciousness.

Philosophical and spiritual context using 'गुणात्मक रूप से' (qualitatively).

राजनीतिक ध्रुवीकरण ने समाज में अविश्वास की खाई को इतना बढ़ा दिया है कि संवाद लगभग असंभव हो गया है।

Political polarization has widened the gulf of distrust in society so much that dialogue has become almost impossible.

Metaphorical use of increasing a 'खाई' (gulf/chasm).

कलाकार ने रंगों के सूक्ष्म प्रयोग से चित्र की जीवंतता को अप्रतिम ढंग से बढ़ाया है।

The artist has enhanced the vibrancy of the painting in an unparalleled manner through the subtle use of colors.

Art critique vocabulary ('सूक्ष्म प्रयोग', 'जीवंतता', 'अप्रतिम ढंग').

ऐतिहासिक संदर्भों को वर्तमान से जोड़कर, वक्ता ने विषय की प्रासंगिकता को कई गुना बढ़ा दिया।

By connecting historical contexts to the present, the speaker increased the relevance of the topic manifold.

Use of 'कई गुना' (manifold/many times) for emphasis.

इस शोध ने ब्रह्मांड की उत्पत्ति के विषय में हमारी समझ के क्षितिज को अभूतपूर्व रूप से बढ़ाया है।

This research has unprecedentedly expanded the horizons of our understanding regarding the origin of the universe.

Scientific and academic register using 'क्षितिज' (horizon).

Collocations courantes

आवाज़ बढ़ाना

दाम बढ़ाना

कदम बढ़ाना

हौसला बढ़ाना

हाथ बढ़ाना

ज्ञान बढ़ाना

स्पीड बढ़ाना

बात बढ़ाना

वेतन बढ़ाना

उम्र बढ़ाना

Phrases Courantes

बात को आगे बढ़ाना

कदम आगे बढ़ाना

दोस्ती का हाथ बढ़ाना

हौसला अफ़ज़ाई करना (हौसला बढ़ाना)

दाम आसमान छूना (दाम बढ़ाना)

स्पीड लिमिट बढ़ाना

टैक्स बढ़ाना

वज़न बढ़ाना

समय सीमा बढ़ाना

परिवार बढ़ाना

Souvent confondu avec

बढ़ाना vs बढ़ना (badhna)

Intransitive verb meaning to increase on its own. Do not use when someone is actively doing the increasing.

बढ़ाना vs बनाना (banaana)

Means 'to make'. Sounds similar to beginners who miss the retroflex 'ढ़' sound.

बढ़ाना vs बताना (bataana)

Means 'to tell'. Can be confused in fast speech if the aspiration on 'ढ़' is missed.

Expressions idiomatiques

"बात का बतंगड़ बनाना (बात बढ़ाना)"

To make a mountain out of a molehill. To unnecessarily escalate a small issue.

तुम हमेशा छोटी सी बात को बढ़ाकर बतंगड़ बना देते हो।

Informal

"आग में घी डालना (विवाद बढ़ाना)"

To add fuel to the fire. To increase anger or conflict.

उसकी बातों ने विवाद को और बढ़ा दिया, जैसे आग में घी डाल दिया हो।

Neutral

"कदम चूमना (सफलता बढ़ाना)"

Success kissing the feet; related to advancing in life.

अगर तुम मेहनत करोगे, तो सफलता तुम्हारे कदम चूमेगी।

Poetic

"चार चाँद लगाना (शोभा बढ़ाना)"

To add four moons; to greatly enhance the beauty or prestige of something.

तुम्हारे आने से इस पार्टी की रौनक बढ़ गई, जैसे चार चाँद लग गए।

Formal/Poetic

"हाथ बंटाना (मदद के लिए हाथ बढ़ाना)"

To lend a hand; to help someone with their work.

उसने घर के काम में अपनी माँ का हाथ बंटाया।

Neutral

"पर कतरना (बढ़ने से रोकना)"

To clip someone's wings; the opposite of letting someone advance.

बॉस ने उसकी तरक्की रोककर उसके पर कतर दिए।

Informal

"आसमान सिर पर उठाना (आवाज़ बढ़ाना)"

To lift the sky on one's head; to make a lot of noise.

बच्चों ने आवाज़ बढ़ाकर आसमान सिर पर उठा लिया।

Informal

"दिन दूनी रात चौगुनी तरक्की करना"

To progress at a very fast pace (double by day, quadruple by night).

भगवान करे तुम दिन दूनी रात चौगुनी तरक्की करो।

Blessing

"सिर चढ़ाना (हिम्मत बढ़ाना - negative)"

To spoil someone by giving them too much freedom or encouragement.

तुमने ही इस बच्चे को सिर चढ़ा रखा है।

Informal

"कंधे से कंधा मिलाकर चलना"

To walk shoulder to shoulder; to advance together.

हमें देश को आगे बढ़ाने के लिए कंधे से कंधा मिलाकर चलना होगा।

Formal

Facile à confondre

बढ़ाना vs बढ़ना

It is the intransitive pair of the same root.

'बढ़ना' is used when something increases naturally (The price increased). 'बढ़ाना' is used when someone actively increases something (He increased the price).

दाम बढ़ा (Price increased) vs उसने दाम बढ़ाया (He increased the price).

बढ़ाना vs घटाना

It is the exact opposite action.

'बढ़ाना' means to increase, while 'घटाना' means to decrease. Both are transitive and follow the same grammar rules.

उसने आवाज़ बढ़ाई (He increased volume) vs उसने आवाज़ घटाई (He decreased volume).

बढ़ाना vs चढ़ाना

Rhymes and has a similar structure.

'चढ़ाना' means to offer, to mount, or to cause to climb. It is not used for increasing quantities like volume or price.

उसने भगवान को फूल चढ़ाया (He offered flowers to God).

बढ़ाना vs बड़ा करना

Literal translation of 'to make big'.

'बड़ा करना' is used for raising children or making physical objects larger in size, while 'बढ़ाना' is used for quantities, rates, and abstract concepts.

उसने बच्चे को बड़ा किया (He raised the child).

बढ़ाना vs बढ़वाना

It is the double causative form.

'बढ़ाना' means you do the increasing. 'बढ़वाना' means you cause someone else to do the increasing.

मैंने आवाज़ बढ़ाई (I increased it) vs मैंने राम से आवाज़ बढ़वाई (I made Ram increase it).

Structures de phrases

[Object] + बढ़ाओ।

आवाज़ बढ़ाओ।

मैंने + [Object] + बढ़ाया/बढ़ाई।

मैंने स्पीड बढ़ाई।

हमें + [Object] + बढ़ाना/बढ़ानी + चाहिए।

हमें अपना ज्ञान बढ़ाना चाहिए।

[Subject] + [Object] + बढ़ा रहा है।

दुकानदार दाम बढ़ा रहा है।

[Object] + को + बढ़ाया जा सकता है।

उत्पादन को बढ़ाया जा सकता है।

अगर तुम + [Object] + बढ़ाओगे, तो...

अगर तुम स्पीड बढ़ाओगे, तो हम जल्दी पहुँचेंगे।

[Subject] + ने + [Object] + को + बढ़ावा दिया।

सरकार ने शिक्षा को बढ़ावा दिया।

[Subject] + के + [Object] + बढ़ाने से...

उनके बात बढ़ाने से विवाद गहरा गया।

Famille de mots

Noms

Verbes

Adjectifs

Apparenté

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely High. It is one of the top 100 most used verbs in the Hindi language.

Erreurs courantes

मैं दाम बढ़ाया। → मैंने दाम बढ़ाया।
Because 'बढ़ाना' is a transitive verb, the past perfective tense requires the ergative marker 'ने' (ne) after the subject.
तापमान बढ़ाती है। → तापमान बढ़ता है।
Temperature increases on its own. You must use the intransitive verb 'बढ़ना' (badhna), not the transitive 'बढ़ाना'.
उसने आवाज़ बढ़ाया। → उसने आवाज़ बढ़ाई।
In the 'ne' construction, the verb must agree with the object. 'आवाज़' (volume) is feminine, so the verb must be feminine ('बढ़ाई').
मुझे अपनी सैलरी बढ़ाना है। → मुझे अपनी सैलरी बढ़ानी है।
When expressing obligation with 'है', the infinitive verb acts as an adjective and must agree with the feminine object 'सैलरी'.
वह बच्चा बढ़ा रहा है। → वह बच्चा बड़ा कर रहा है।
'बढ़ाना' is not used for raising children or making physical things larger in size. Use 'बड़ा करना' or 'पालना' for raising kids.

Astuces

The 'Ne' Rule

Always remember: Subject + ने + Object + बढ़ाया/बढ़ाई/बढ़ाए. The verb ending depends entirely on the object's gender and number, not the subject's.

Master the 'ढ़'

Don't say 'badaana'. Curl your tongue back, flap it forward, and release a strong puff of air. It should sound distinct from a simple 'd' or 'r'.

Transitive Check

Before using 'बढ़ाना', ask yourself: 'Is someone actively doing this?' If yes, use 'बढ़ाना'. If it's happening naturally, use 'बढ़ना'.

Learn the Opposites Together

Always practice 'बढ़ाना' (to increase) alongside 'घटाना' (to decrease). They follow the exact same grammatical rules.

Metaphorical Uses

Impress native speakers by using phrases like 'दोस्ती का हाथ बढ़ाना' (extending the hand of friendship) or 'हौसला बढ़ाना' (encouraging).

Infinitive Agreement

When using with 'चाहिए' (should), the infinitive must agree with the object. 'मुझे स्पीड बढ़ानी चाहिए' (I should increase speed - feminine).

Formal Alternatives

If you are writing an essay about the economy, swap 'बढ़ाना' for 'वृद्धि करना' to instantly elevate your writing style.

Avoid Escalation

Remember the phrase 'बात बढ़ाना'. It's a great phrase to use when you want to de-escalate a situation: 'चलिए, बात नहीं बढ़ाते हैं'.

Daily Action

Every time you turn up the volume on your phone or TV today, say 'मैंने आवाज़ बढ़ाई' out loud to build muscle memory.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Imagine a BAD HAnA (badhana) - a bad hyena that keeps INCREASING its laughing VOLUME until you have to tell it to stop.

Association visuelle

Visualize a hand turning a giant volume dial upwards. As the dial turns, the letters B-A-D-H-A-A-N-A light up one by one, getting larger and louder.

Word Web

बढ़ाना (To increase) आवाज़ (Volume) दाम (Price) स्पीड (Speed) ज्ञान (Knowledge) कदम (Steps) हौसला (Courage) हाथ (Hand)

Défi

Next time you watch a video, physically turn up the volume and say aloud: 'मैं आवाज़ बढ़ा रहा हूँ' (I am increasing the volume).

Origine du mot

The word traces its roots back to the Sanskrit root 'वर्ध्' (vardh), which means to grow, increase, or prosper. Over centuries, through Prakrit and Apabhramsha, the phonetic structure softened, transforming the 'v' to 'b' and the 'rdh' cluster into the retroflex 'ढ़' (rha).

Sens originel : To cause to grow or prosper.

Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Indo-Aryan > Central Indo-Aryan > Hindi.

Contexte culturel

Be careful not to use the imperative 'बढ़ाओ' (badhaao) with elders or in formal situations, as it sounds commanding and rude. Always use the formal 'बढ़ाइए' (badhaaiye).

English speakers use 'increase' for both 'the price increased' and 'he increased the price'. Hindi strictly separates these into 'बढ़ना' and 'बढ़ाना'.

The famous Bollywood song 'कदम कदम बढ़ाए जा' (Kadam Kadam Badhaye Ja) - a patriotic marching song of the Indian National Army. The political slogan 'देश को आगे बढ़ाना है' (We have to take the country forward). Common proverb: 'ज्ञान बांटने से बढ़ता है' (Knowledge increases by sharing - uses the intransitive form).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Watching TV/Listening to Music

आवाज़ बढ़ाना
वॉल्यूम बढ़ाना
थोड़ा तेज़ करना
साउंड बढ़ाना

Shopping and Economics

दाम बढ़ाना
कीमत बढ़ाना
टैक्स बढ़ाना
महंगाई बढ़ाना

Driving and Transportation

स्पीड बढ़ाना
गति बढ़ाना
रेस बढ़ाना
कदम बढ़ाना

Workplace and Career

सैलरी बढ़ाना
वेतन बढ़ाना
व्यापार बढ़ाना
टारगेट बढ़ाना

Social and Emotional

हौसला बढ़ाना
दोस्ती का हाथ बढ़ाना
बात बढ़ाना
मान बढ़ाना

Amorces de conversation

"क्या आपको लगता है कि सरकार को पेट्रोल के दाम और बढ़ाने चाहिए?"

"अगर आपकी कंपनी आपकी सैलरी नहीं बढ़ाती है, तो आप क्या करेंगे?"

"टीवी की आवाज़ बहुत कम है, क्या आप इसे थोड़ा बढ़ा सकते हैं?"

"हम अपने शहर में पर्यटन को कैसे बढ़ा सकते हैं?"

"क्या छोटी सी बात को बढ़ाना सही है जब हम उसे आसानी से सुलझा सकते हैं?"

Sujets d'écriture

Write about a time when you had to 'हौसला बढ़ाना' (encourage) a friend who was feeling down.

Describe your strategies for 'ज्ञान बढ़ाना' (increasing your knowledge) in the Hindi language.

Do you think social media has 'बढ़ाया' (increased) or decreased our real-life connections? Explain.

Write a short story about a shopkeeper who decided to 'दाम बढ़ाना' (increase prices) and what happened next.

Reflect on a situation where someone tried to 'बात बढ़ाना' (escalate an argument) and how you handled it.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No. While it means 'to increase' or 'to make bigger', raising children is translated as 'बड़ा करना' (bada karna) or 'पालना' (paalna). 'बढ़ाना' is used for quantities, prices, volume, and abstract concepts like knowledge.

Because 'बढ़ाना' is a transitive verb used in the past perfective tense with the 'ne' marker. In this structure, the verb must agree with the gender of the object. 'आवाज़' (volume/sound) is a feminine noun, so the verb becomes feminine 'बढ़ाई'.

'बढ़ना' is intransitive (happens on its own). Example: 'महंगाई बढ़ रही है' (Inflation is increasing). 'बढ़ाना' is transitive (someone does it). Example: 'सरकार टैक्स बढ़ा रही है' (The government is increasing the tax).

You should use the formal imperative form 'बढ़ाइए' (badhaaiye) along with 'कृपया' (kripaya - please). Say: 'कृपया टीवी की आवाज़ बढ़ाइए' (Please increase the TV volume).

Yes, it is acceptable in formal writing, but synonyms like 'वृद्धि करना' (vriddhi karna) or 'विस्तार करना' (vistaar karna) are often preferred in academic or highly formal economic contexts to sound more professional.

Absolutely. It is the most common verb for this context. You can say 'गाड़ी की स्पीड बढ़ाओ' (Increase the car's speed) or simply 'रेस बढ़ाओ' (Increase the acceleration).

It literally translates to 'increasing the talk', but it means to escalate an argument or make a small issue into a big conflict. It is usually used negatively, as in 'बात मत बढ़ाओ' (Don't escalate the matter).

You can say 'मैं अपनी शब्दावली बढ़ाना चाहता हूँ' (Main apni shabdavali badhaana chahta hoon). Here, the infinitive 'बढ़ाना' is used with the verb 'चाहना' (to want).

Yes, because it is strictly a transitive verb. Any completed action in the past (perfective aspect) using this verb will require the subject to take the 'ne' postposition.

Yes, but usually in a compound or specific phrasing. 'उसका पद बढ़ा दिया गया' (His position was increased). However, 'तरक्की देना' (to give a promotion) is more commonly used for job promotions.

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