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B2 verb 9 min de lecture

पोषना

poshana
Exemples
Explication पोषना in your Level:
At the A1 level, think of पोषना (Poshnā) as a special word for 'giving food' or 'taking care' of something small, like a baby or a plant. Imagine a mother giving milk to her baby or a child putting water on a small flower in a pot. That is 'poshnā'. It is like saying 'to feed' but with more love. In simple sentences, you might see it as 'Mā bachche ko poṣtī hai' (The mother nurtures/feeds the child). It is a very warm and kind word. You won't use it for eating a burger yourself; you use it for helping someone else grow big and strong. It's about the care that helps things live. Think of it as 'giving life' through food and attention. When you see this word, just remember a baby or a plant getting what it needs to grow. It is a very basic but very important part of life in India, where taking care of others is a big deal. You can use it when you talk about your pet or your small garden. It's a sweet word that shows you are a kind person who looks after others. Don't worry about the complex grammar yet; just focus on the feeling of 'growing something with care'.
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At the A2 level, you can start using पोषना (Poshnā) to describe more than just feeding. It's about 'nurturing' or 'rearing'. You might use it when talking about how parents raise children or how farmers look after their crops. For example, 'Kisan anaj ko poṣtā hai' (The farmer nurtures the grain). Notice how it's not just 'growing' (ugānā), but 'nurturing' (poshnā). This implies the farmer is doing more than just planting; he is caring for it every day. You can also start using the common pair 'pālnā-poṣnā'. This means 'to raise and nurture'. If someone asks you about your childhood, you could say, 'Mere mata-pita ne mujhe bahut pyar se pāla-poṣa' (My parents raised and nurtured me with much love). This level is about expanding from just physical food to the overall care of a living being. You should also recognize it in simple stories where a hero might nurture a wounded animal back to health. It's a step up from 'dekh-bhal karna' (looking after) because it focuses on the *growth* that happens because of that care. Use it when you want to show that you are doing something important for someone's future.
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At the B1 level, पोषना (Poshnā) begins to move into more abstract territory. You can now use it for non-physical things like 'dreams', 'hopes', or 'talents'. For instance, 'Apne sapno ko poṣnā' (to nurture one's dreams). This means you are working hard on your dreams and not letting them die. You might also hear it in discussions about culture or traditions. 'Hamen apni paramparaon ko poṣnā chahiye' (We should nurture our traditions). This implies that traditions are like living things that will die if we don't 'feed' them with our attention and practice. Grammatically, you should be comfortable using it in different tenses—past ('poṣā'), present ('poṣtā hai'), and future ('poṣegā'). You'll also encounter the word 'poshan' (nutrition) which is the noun form. Understanding the connection between 'poshan' (the substance) and 'poshnā' (the action) will help you remember the meaning. At this stage, you should be able to distinguish 'poshnā' from 'khilānā' (to feed). While 'khilānā' is a one-time act, 'poshnā' is a long-term process of sustaining something. It's a great word to use in essays or more serious conversations about personal growth and social responsibility.
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At the B2 level, पोषना (Poshnā) is a versatile tool for expressing sophisticated ideas about development and maintenance. You will see it used in professional, literary, and socio-political contexts. It often describes how a society nurtures values like 'peace' (shanti), 'justice' (nyay), or 'democracy' (loktantra). For example, 'Loktantra ko poṣne ke liye swatantrata zaruri hai' (Freedom is necessary to nurture democracy). Here, the word takes on a weight of institutional responsibility. You should also be aware of its potential negative use: 'vair poṣnā' (to nurture a grudge) or 'galat-fehmi poṣnā' (to nurture a misunderstanding). This shows that the act of 'nurturing' isn't always for something good—it just means keeping something alive and growing within oneself. You should be able to use 'poshnā' in complex sentence structures, such as with 'chahiye' (should) or 'saknā' (can). For instance, 'Hamen apne bheetar ki shanti ko poṣnā seekhna hoga' (We will have to learn to nurture the peace within us). At this level, you are expected to understand the nuance it brings to a sentence—a sense of intentional, long-term care that 'pālnā' or 'dekh-bhal karna' doesn't quite capture. It's a 'high-value' word that makes your Hindi sound more educated and thoughtful.
At the C1 level, पोषना (Poshnā) is used with poetic and philosophical precision. It appears in high literature (Sahitya) to describe the subtle ways in which an environment or a relationship sustains the human spirit. You might analyze how a particular writer 'poshtā' (nurtures) a specific theme throughout a novel. It is also used in advanced sociological discourse to discuss how systemic structures 'poshti' (nurture) certain behaviors or ideologies. For example, 'Poonjiwad upbhokta-vad ko poṣtā hai' (Capitalism nurtures consumerism). At this level, you should be comfortable with the passive constructions and the causative forms, even if they are less common in speech. You can use 'poshnā' to discuss the 'nourishment' of the soul (atma ka poshan) or the 'nurturing' of a revolutionary spirit. It becomes a word about the essence of existence and the forces that allow things to persist over time. You should be able to use it as a metaphor in almost any context, from scientific (the soil nurturing the ecosystem) to the deeply personal (nurturing the memory of a lost loved one). Your mastery of 'poshnā' should reflect an understanding of its Sanskrit roots and its place in the 'Sattvic' (preservative) vocabulary of Indian philosophy.
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At the C2 level, your use of पोषना (Poshnā) should be indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker or a scholar. You understand the word's deepest connotations—how it relates to the concept of 'Poshana' in Vedic philosophy, where it is one of the functions of the divine (the sustainer). You can use it to critique complex systems, such as how a particular educational philosophy 'poshti' (nurtures) creativity vs. rote learning. You might use it in a legal or ethical argument about the state's duty to 'poshnā' the rights of its citizens. The word becomes a brush for fine-tuned expression: 'Vah apne maun mein ek naya satya poṣ raha hai' (In his silence, he is nurturing a new truth). You understand the subtle difference between 'poshnā' and 'samvardhan' (promotion/growth) in academic writing. You can also appreciate how 'poshnā' is used in classical Hindi poetry (like that of Tulsidas or Surdas) to describe divine grace. At this stage, the word is no longer just a verb; it is a conceptual framework for discussing how anything—an idea, a life, a nation—is kept alive and brought to its fullest potential. Your usage is marked by an effortless ability to weave this 'heavy' word into both profound philosophical debates and delicate emotional descriptions.
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Exemples

The Hindi verb पोषना (Poshnā) is a deeply evocative term that transcends simple physical feeding. At its core, it means to nourish, nurture, or cherish. While it is frequently used in the context of biological growth—such as a mother nurturing her child or a gardener tending to rare saplings—its semantic range extends into the psychological and metaphorical realms. To 'poshnā' something is to provide it with the essential elements required for its sustained development and eventual flourishing. It implies a sense of responsibility, consistency, and care that goes beyond a single act of giving. In contemporary Hindi, you will encounter this word when people discuss upbringing, the cultivation of talents, or even the harboring of deep-seated emotions and ideologies.

Physical Nourishment
This refers to the act of providing food, water, and shelter to living beings to ensure their survival and health. It is the most literal application of the word.

माली अपने बगीचे के हर छोटे पौधे को प्यार से पोषता है। (The gardener nurtures every small plant in his garden with love.)

Emotional and Mental Nurturing
This involves fostering ideas, dreams, or relationships. When you 'poshnā' a dream, you are keeping it alive through dedication and belief.

उसने बचपन से ही डॉक्टर बनने का सपना पोष रखा था। (He had nurtured the dream of becoming a doctor since childhood.)

In literary Hindi, 'poshnā' can also have a darker connotation, such as 'दुश्मनी पोषना' (nurturing an enmity) or 'वहम पोषना' (harboring a delusion). This versatility makes it a powerful verb for describing any long-term internal or external maintenance of a state or being. Understanding 'poshnā' requires recognizing the 'poshan' (nutrition) root, which emphasizes the substance being provided for growth. Whether it is a father nurturing his daughter's curiosity or a society nurturing democratic values, the word always points toward a future state of maturity achieved through current care.

अच्छे विचार ही समाज को सही दिशा में पोषते हैं। (Good thoughts alone nourish the society in the right direction.)

Institutional Context
Used in formal settings to describe how organizations foster talent or how government schemes nourish the underprivileged segments of society.

यह संस्था युवा कलाकारों की प्रतिभा को पोषने का काम करती है। (This institution works to nurture the talent of young artists.)

अपने अंदर की शांति को पोषना ही असली योग है। (Nurturing the peace within oneself is the real Yoga.)

Using पोषना correctly involves understanding its transitive nature. Since you are always nurturing *something*, the sentence structure usually follows: [Subject] + [Object] + [Verb]. In its various tenses, the verb changes to reflect gender, number, and time. For example, in the past tense, it becomes 'पोषा' (m.sg), 'पोषी' (f.sg), or 'पोषे' (m.pl). When used as a habitual action, it becomes 'पोषता है' or 'पोषती है'. Let's explore the grammatical nuances through specific contexts.

Habitual Present (General Truths)
Used for actions that happen regularly, like nature providing for animals.

प्रकृति सभी जीवों को समान रूप से पोषती है। (Nature nurtures all living beings equally.)

Continuous Action (Ongoing Process)
Used when the act of nurturing is currently taking place.

वह अपने नए व्यवसाय को धीरे-धीरे पोष रहा है। (He is gradually nurturing his new business.)

In the imperative mood, 'पोषना' is often used as advice or a command, especially in moral or educational contexts. 'पोषो' is the informal plural/respectful command, while 'पोषिए' is the formal version. For instance, a teacher might say, 'अपनी सृजनात्मकता को पोषिए' (Nurture your creativity). In the future tense, 'पोषेगा' suggests a commitment to future care. 'मैं इस विरासत को पोषूँगा' (I will nurture this legacy). This highlights the sense of continuity and future-orientation inherent in the word.

हमें अपनी संस्कृति को पोषना चाहिए। (We should nurture our culture.)

Compound Verb Usage
Often combined with 'लेना' or 'देना' to indicate the direction or completion of the nurturing act.

उसने एक लावारिस कुत्ते को पोष लिया। (He took in and nurtured a stray dog.)

क्या तुम इस पौधे को पोष सकोगे? (Will you be able to nurture this plant?)

While 'पोषना' might not be the word you use to ask for a sandwich at a roadside stall, it is ubiquitous in several specific spheres of Indian life. Understanding these contexts will help you grasp the 'vibe' of the word. It carries a weight of maturity and responsibility, making it a favorite for speakers who want to sound thoughtful or authoritative. From the family dinner table to the halls of parliament, 'पोषना' finds its way into conversations about growth and sustenance.

Family and Upbringing
Grandparents often use this word when reminiscing about how they raised their children through difficult times. It emphasizes the struggle and the love involved.

मैंने तुम्हें बहुत मुश्किलों में पोषकर बड़ा किया है। (I have nurtured and raised you through many difficulties.)

Literature and Poetry
Poets use 'पोषना' to describe the internal world—nurturing a heartache, a hope, or a revolutionary idea. It adds a layer of intentionality to the emotion.

कवि अपनी कविताओं में समाज की पीड़ा को पोषता है। (The poet nurtures the pain of society in his poems.)

In the corporate world, the term is increasingly used in HR and leadership training. Leaders are encouraged to 'पोषना' (nurture) the talent of their subordinates rather than just managing them. This reflects a shift from transactional relationships to developmental ones. Similarly, in religious or spiritual discourses (Satsangs), gurus often talk about 'पोषना' the soul or the 'inner light'. This usage highlights the word's connection to the 'Sattvic' quality of preservation and growth.

सच्चा गुरु शिष्य की जिज्ञासा को पोषता है। (A true guru nurtures the disciple's curiosity.)

News and Media
Headlines often use this verb when discussing government initiatives for child health or agricultural subsidies.

सरकार किसानों की उम्मीदों को पोषने के लिए नई योजना लाई है। (The government has brought a new scheme to nurture the hopes of farmers.)

हमें नफरत नहीं, बल्कि प्रेम को पोषना चाहिए। (We should nurture love, not hatred.)

For English speakers learning Hindi, the most common mistake is confusing पोषना with its close cousin पालना (pālnā). While they are often used together, they are not identical. 'Pālnā' specifically means to raise, rear, or keep (like a pet). 'Poshnā' is about the *quality* of care—the nourishment and sustaining force. You can 'pālo' a dog by keeping it in a cage, but you 'posho' it by giving it good food and love. Using 'poshnā' for a pet without implying nourishment can sound slightly overly poetic or formal.

Confusing with 'Khilana' (To Feed)
'Khilana' is a simple act of putting food in a mouth. 'Poshnā' is the long-term result of that feeding. Don't say 'Main bachche ko khana posh raha hoon' (I am nurturing the child food); say 'Main bachche ko posh raha hoon' (I am nurturing the child).

गलत: मैं गाय को चारा पोष रहा हूँ। (Incorrect: I am nurturing fodder to the cow.)

Transitive Error
Beginners often forget that 'पोषना' needs an object. You cannot just 'posh'—you must 'posh' something. If you mean 'to grow' (intransitive), use 'बढ़ना' (baṛhnā).

सही: वह अपने ज्ञान को पोष रहा है। (Correct: He is nurturing his knowledge.)

Another subtle error occurs in the passive voice. While 'पोषण किया जाना' is common in reports, 'पोषना' itself is rarely used in the passive voice in colloquial speech. For example, instead of saying 'पौधा मेरे द्वारा पोषा गया' (The plant was nurtured by me), which sounds clunky, native speakers prefer 'मैंने पौधे को पोषा' (I nurtured the plant). Additionally, ensure you don't confuse the verb 'poshnā' with the noun 'posh' (posh/luxurious), which is an English loanword used in urban Hindi slang. They have absolutely no connection.

गलत: यह बहुत पोषना होटल है। (Incorrect: This is a very nurture hotel. - Meaning 'posh'.)

Nuance: Positive vs. Negative
While usually positive, 'पोषना' can be used for negative things like 'गलतफहमी' (misunderstanding). A mistake is thinking it is *only* for good things.

उसने मन में नफरत को पोष लिया है। (He has nurtured hatred in his mind.)

Hindi is rich with verbs related to care and growth. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about physical feeding, legal guardianship, or abstract development. पोषना sits at the intersection of 'care' and 'sustenance'. Let's compare it with its synonyms to see where it fits best.

पालना (Pālnā) vs. पोषना (Poshnā)
'Pālnā' is the act of raising or keeping. It is more about the external responsibility. 'Poshnā' is about the internal nourishment. You 'pālo' a child (provide a home), and you 'posho' them (provide the nutrition and love for growth).
संवर्धन करना (Saṃvardhan karnā)
This is a highly formal, Sanskritized term for 'to augment' or 'to promote growth'. You'll see this in government documents regarding 'cultural promotion' (Sanskriti ka saṃvardhan).

सरकार कला का संवर्धन कर रही है। (The government is promoting/augmenting art.)

देखभाल करना (Dekhbhal karnā)
The most common term for 'taking care of'. It is neutral and can be used for anything from a car to a patient. It lacks the 'nourishment' aspect of 'poshnā'.

वह अपने बीमार दादा की देखभाल कर रही है। (She is looking after her sick grandfather.)

In literary and philosophical writing, you might encounter 'पुष्ट करना' (puṣṭ karnā), which means 'to strengthen' or 'to confirm'. While it also relates to growth, it is more about the final state of being strong or well-fed. 'Poshnā' is the ongoing process. Another beautiful alternative is 'सहलाना' (sahlānā), which literally means to stroke or caress, but can metaphorically mean 'to nurture' or 'to soothe' a feeling. For a gardener, 'सींचना' (sīñcnā - to irrigate) is a more specific physical action, while 'poshnā' is the broader goal of that irrigation.

उसने अपनी गलतियों को सुधारने के बजाय उन्हें पोषना शुरू कर दिया। (Instead of correcting his mistakes, he started nurturing them.)

हमें अपने बच्चों की जिज्ञासा को पोषना चाहिए। (We should nurture our children's curiosity.)

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Exemples par niveau

1

माँ बच्चे को पोषती है।

The mother nurtures the child.

Simple present tense with feminine subject 'Mā'.

2

मैं अपने पौधों को पोषता हूँ।

I nurture my plants.

Direct object 'पौधों' (plants) in the plural.

3

वह गाय को पोष रहा है।

He is nurturing the cow.

Present continuous tense 'रहा है'.

4

चिड़िया अपने बच्चों को पोषती है।

The bird nurtures its chicks.

Subject 'चिड़िया' (bird) is feminine.

5

क्या तुम इस फूल को पोषोगे?

Will you nurture this flower?

Future tense 'पोषोगे' with 'तुम'.

6

बच्चे को दूध से पोषो।

Nurture the child with milk.

Imperative form (command/advice) 'पोषो'.

7

पिता अपने बेटे को पोषता है।

The father nurtures his son.

Simple present tense with masculine subject 'पिता'.

8

यह पानी पौधों को पोषता है।

This water nurtures the plants.

Inanimate subject 'पानी' (water) acting as the nurturer.

1

हमने इस कुत्ते को प्यार से पोषा है।

We have nurtured this dog with love.

Present perfect tense 'पोषा है'.

2

किसान अपनी फसल को दिन-रात पोषता है।

The farmer nurtures his crop day and night.

Adverbial phrase 'दिन-रात' (day and night).

3

अच्छी खुराक शरीर को पोषती है।

Good diet nurtures the body.

Feminine subject 'खुराक' (diet).

4

उसने अनाथ बच्चे को अपने बेटे की तरह पोषा।

He nurtured the orphan child like his own son.

Simple past tense 'पोषा'.

5

वे इस परंपरा को सदियों से पोष रहे हैं।

They have been nurturing this tradition for centuries.

Continuous tense used for a long-term process.

6

क्या आप इन नन्हे पौधों को पोष सकते हैं?

Can you nurture these tiny plants?

Use of modal 'सकते हैं' (can).

7

मेरी दादी ने मुझे कहानियों से पोषा।

My grandmother nurtured me with stories.

Metaphorical use of 'पोषना' with stories.

8

प्रकृति सबको पोषती है।

Nature nurtures everyone.

Universal truth in simple present tense.

1

हमें अपने सपनों को पोषना नहीं छोड़ना चाहिए।

We should not stop nurturing our dreams.

Infinitive 'पोषना' used with 'चाहिए' (should).

2

वह अपने मन में एक बड़ी योजना पोष रहा है।

He is nurturing a big plan in his mind.

Abstract object 'योजना' (plan).

3

गुरु अपने शिष्यों की प्रतिभा को पोषते हैं।

The guru nurtures the talent of his disciples.

Plural subject 'शिष्य' (disciples).

4

इस संस्था ने कई कलाकारों को पोषा है।

This institution has nurtured many artists.

Present perfect tense with 'ने' construction.

5

अपनी रचनात्मकता को पोषने के लिए समय निकालें।

Take out time to nurture your creativity.

Oblique form 'पोषने' followed by 'के लिए'.

6

समाज को नई सोच को पोषना होगा।

Society will have to nurture new thinking.

Future obligation 'होगा'.

7

उसने अपने अंदर की हिम्मत को पोषा।

She nurtured the courage within her.

Abstract object 'हिम्मत' (courage).

8

किताबें हमारे दिमाग को पोषती हैं।

Books nurture our minds.

Feminine plural subject 'किताबें'.

1

लोकतंत्र को पोषने के लिए स्वतंत्र प्रेस अनिवार्य है।

A free press is essential to nurture democracy.

Socio-political context.

2

उसने वर्षों तक अपने मन में बदले की भावना पोषी।

He nurtured a feeling of revenge in his mind for years.

Negative context (revenge).

3

वैज्ञानिक नई खोजों की संभावनाओं को पोषते हैं।

Scientists nurture the possibilities of new discoveries.

Advanced vocabulary 'संभावनाओं' (possibilities).

4

हमें शांति और सद्भाव को पोषना चाहिए।

We should nurture peace and harmony.

Abstract nouns 'शांति' and 'सद्भाव'.

5

यह वातावरण नए विचारों को पोषने के लिए अनुकूल है।

This environment is favorable for nurturing new ideas.

Adjective 'अनुकूल' (favorable).

6

साहित्य समाज की संवेदनाओं को पोषता है।

Literature nurtures the sensitivities of society.

Literary context.

7

क्या हम अपनी विरासत को सही ढंग से पोष रहे हैं?

Are we nurturing our heritage in the right way?

Interrogative continuous tense.

8

उसने अपनी कला को बड़ी साधना से पोषा।

He nurtured his art with great dedication.

Noun 'साधना' (dedicated practice).

1

दार्शनिक सत्य की खोज को अपने चिंतन से पोषते हैं।

Philosophers nurture the quest for truth through their contemplation.

Highly formal/academic context.

2

पूँजीवाद अक्सर उपभोक्तावाद की प्रवृत्तियों को पोषता है।

Capitalism often nurtures consumerist tendencies.

Critical/Sociological analysis.

3

लेखक ने अपनी कथा में मानवीय मूल्यों को बखूबी पोषा है।

The author has nurtured human values beautifully in his narrative.

Literary criticism context.

4

संस्कृति केवल अतीत नहीं, बल्कि वह वर्तमान है जिसे हम पोषते हैं।

Culture is not just the past, but the present that we nurture.

Philosophical definition.

5

ईर्ष्या को पोषना स्वयं को विष देने के समान है।

Nurturing jealousy is like poisoning oneself.

Gerund usage 'पोषना' as the subject.

6

सच्चा प्रेम स्वतंत्रता को पोषता है, बंधन को नहीं।

True love nurtures freedom, not bondage.

Contrastive sentence structure.

7

एक कुशल नेता अपनी टीम के आत्मविश्वास को पोषता है।

A skilled leader nurtures his team's self-confidence.

Business/Leadership context.

8

प्रकृति के चक्र को पोषना ही मानव का परम धर्म है।

Nurturing the cycle of nature is the supreme duty of man.

Spiritual/Ethical context.

1

वह अपने एकांत में एक महान क्रांति के बीज पोष रहा है।

In his solitude, he is nurturing the seeds of a great revolution.

Metaphorical 'seeds of revolution'.

2

वैश्विक नीतियों को सतत विकास के लक्ष्यों को पोषना चाहिए।

Global policies should nurture the goals of sustainable development.

Policy/International relations context.

3

कलाकार की अंतरात्मा उसकी कृतियों को पोषती है।

The artist's soul nurtures his creations.

Internal/Psychological focus.

4

अज्ञानता अक्सर कट्टरपंथ को पोषने का काम करती है।

Ignorance often works to nurture fundamentalism.

Abstract sociological observation.

5

सभ्यता के विकास के लिए संवाद की संस्कृति को पोषना अनिवार्य है।

To develop civilization, it is mandatory to nurture a culture of dialogue.

Civilizational discourse.

6

उसकी कविताएँ समाज की सोई हुई चेतना को पोषती हैं।

His poems nurture the dormant consciousness of society.

Advanced literary metaphor.

7

न्यायपालिका का कार्य संविधान की मूल भावना को पोषना है।

The task of the judiciary is to nurture the core spirit of the constitution.

Legal/Constitutional context.

8

ब्रह्मांड की शक्तियाँ हर सूक्ष्म जीव को पोषती हैं।

The forces of the universe nurture every microscopic organism.

Scientific/Cosmological context.

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