विश्राम करना
To rest, to relax
विश्राम करना en 30 secondes
- Means 'to rest' or 'to relax' in a formal context.
- Used frequently in medical advice and formal settings.
- A more polite alternative to the everyday word 'आराम करना'.
- Conjugated by changing the verb 'करना' (to do).
The Hindi verb विश्राम करना (vishram karna) fundamentally translates to the English concepts of 'to rest', 'to relax', or 'to take a break'. It is a formal, slightly more refined alternative to the highly common everyday phrase 'आराम करना' (aaram karna). Understanding this verb requires delving into its Sanskrit roots, where 'विश्राम' (vishram) denotes a cessation of labor, a pause for breath, or a period of tranquility following exertion. When combined with the auxiliary verb 'करना' (karna), which means 'to do', it forms a compound verb that actively describes the process of resting. This term is frequently encountered in formal literature, official announcements, medical advice, and polite conversation. For instance, a doctor might advise a patient to take complete rest using this specific terminology to emphasize the seriousness of the recovery process. In modern contexts, it also applies to mental relaxation, such as taking time off from a stressful job or engaging in mindfulness practices. The cultural weight of the word implies a restorative pause, a necessary interruption in the cycle of continuous work, aligning with traditional Indian philosophies that balance action (karma) with restorative stillness. Furthermore, the usage of this word elevates the register of the conversation, demonstrating respect and a strong command of the Hindi language. It is not merely about sleeping, but rather about intentional recuperation. Whether it is a traveler resting under a tree, a worker taking a lunch break, or a student relaxing after exams, the core essence remains the rejuvenation of energy.
- Physical Rest
- Refers to the cessation of bodily movement to allow muscles to recover from fatigue.
- Mental Relaxation
- Involves calming the mind, reducing stress, and stepping away from cognitive burdens.
- Spiritual Pause
- A deeper state of tranquility often associated with meditation or quiet reflection.
थकान के बाद शरीर को विश्राम करना बहुत आवश्यक है।
लंबी यात्रा के बाद हमने एक होटल में विश्राम करना उचित समझा।
कृपया यहाँ बैठकर थोड़ी देर विश्राम करना सुनिश्चित करें।
रविवार का दिन केवल विश्राम करना और परिवार के साथ समय बिताने के लिए होता है।
मरीज़ को अब केवल विश्राम करना चाहिए।
To truly master this vocabulary item, one must practice its conjugation across different tenses and subjects, recognizing that 'करना' changes while 'विश्राम' remains constant. This structural predictability makes it accessible for A2 learners while its formal nuance provides depth for advanced speakers.
Using विश्राम करना correctly involves understanding its grammatical structure as a conjunct verb. In Hindi, many verbs are formed by combining a noun or adjective with a light verb, most commonly 'करना' (to do) or 'होना' (to be). Here, 'विश्राम' is a masculine singular noun meaning 'rest', and 'करना' is the active verb. Therefore, when conjugating this phrase, all grammatical changes—such as tense, aspect, and agreement with the subject—occur exclusively on the verb 'करना'. For example, in the present continuous tense for a masculine singular subject, it becomes 'विश्राम कर रहा है' (is resting). For a feminine singular subject, it changes to 'विश्राम कर रही है'. In the past perfect, it would be 'विश्राम किया था'. This predictable pattern is highly beneficial for learners, as mastering the conjugation of 'करना' unlocks the ability to use hundreds of similar conjunct verbs. It is also important to note the syntactic placement of this verb within a sentence. Hindi follows a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order. Thus, the verb phrase 'विश्राम करना' will typically appear at the very end of the clause. For instance, 'मैं घर पर विश्राम करूँगा' (I will rest at home). The subject 'मैं' (I) comes first, followed by the location 'घर पर' (at home), and finally the verb phrase. Additionally, this verb can be modified by adverbs to specify the duration or quality of the rest. Phrases like 'थोड़ी देर विश्राम करना' (to rest for a little while) or 'पूर्ण विश्राम करना' (to take complete rest) are highly common. When giving commands or making requests, the imperative forms of 'करना' are used. A polite request would be 'कृपया विश्राम करें' (Please rest), while a more direct, informal instruction might be 'विश्राम करो' (Rest). It is crucial to match the level of formality of the imperative to the social context and the relationship between the speaker and the listener. Using the highly formal 'विश्राम कीजिए' is appropriate in professional settings or when addressing someone with great respect. Furthermore, this verb is often used in conjunction with postpositions to express purpose, such as 'विश्राम करने के लिए' (in order to rest). For example, 'हम विश्राम करने के लिए रुके' (We stopped in order to rest). Understanding these structural nuances ensures that the learner can deploy the vocabulary accurately and naturally in a wide variety of communicative situations, from simple daily routines to complex narratives.
- Present Tense
- मैं विश्राम करता हूँ (I rest - masculine) / मैं विश्राम करती हूँ (I rest - feminine).
- Past Tense
- मैंने विश्राम किया (I rested). Note the use of the ergative marker 'ने' because 'करना' is a transitive verb.
- Future Tense
- मैं विश्राम करूँगा (I will rest - masculine) / मैं विश्राम करूँगी (I will rest - feminine).
वह पेड़ की छाया में विश्राम कर रहा है।
आपको दवा लेने के बाद विश्राम करना चाहिए।
क्या आपने कल पर्याप्त विश्राम किया?
हम काम खत्म करके विश्राम करेंगे।
उसे विश्राम करने की सख्त ज़रूरत है।
The phrase विश्राम करना permeates various facets of Hindi-speaking societies, appearing in both spoken and written forms across a multitude of contexts. One of the most common environments where this specific terminology is employed is within the healthcare and medical sectors. Doctors, nurses, and medical practitioners frequently use this formal phrasing when advising patients to recover from illnesses, surgeries, or general exhaustion. You will often hear a physician say, 'आपको कुछ दिन घर पर विश्राम करना होगा' (You will have to rest at home for a few days). The formality of the word lends authority and seriousness to the medical advice. Beyond the clinic, this phrase is a staple in the hospitality and travel industries. Tour guides, hotel staff, and travel itineraries often use it to describe periods of downtime. For example, an itinerary might state, 'दोपहर के भोजन के बाद, होटल में विश्राम करने का समय' (After lunch, time to rest at the hotel). It conveys a sense of structured relaxation designed for the comfort of the guests. In the realm of spirituality, yoga, and meditation, which hold deep roots in Indian culture, the concept of 'विश्राम' is paramount. Instructors frequently guide practitioners to relax their bodies and minds using this exact phrase, especially during poses like Shavasana (Corpse Pose), where the ultimate goal is profound physical and mental rest. Furthermore, you will encounter this vocabulary in formal literature, news broadcasts, and official communications. When a prominent figure takes a break from public duties due to health reasons, news anchors will report that they have been advised to take 'विश्राम'. In everyday polite conversation, especially among older generations or in formal social gatherings, using this term instead of the colloquial 'आराम' demonstrates respect and refinement. It is also common in workplace environments when discussing employee well-being, leave policies, or the necessity of taking breaks to prevent burnout. Understanding the diverse contexts in which this phrase is utilized helps learners not only comprehend native speakers more effectively but also choose the appropriate register for their own speech, ensuring they sound both natural and culturally attuned.
- Medical Clinics
- Used by doctors to prescribe bed rest or recovery time for patients.
- Yoga Studios
- Instructors use it to guide students into states of deep physical relaxation.
- Travel Itineraries
- Denotes scheduled free time or downtime during a guided tour or vacation.
डॉक्टर ने मुझे एक सप्ताह तक विश्राम करने की सलाह दी है।
योग सत्र के अंत में, हम पाँच मिनट विश्राम करेंगे।
यात्रीगण प्रतीक्षालय में विश्राम कर सकते हैं।
कठिन परिश्रम के बाद, सैनिकों को विश्राम करने का आदेश दिया गया।
आइए, यहाँ बैठकर थोड़ा विश्राम करें।
When learning the phrase विश्राम करना, students often encounter several common pitfalls related to grammar, register, and subtle semantic distinctions. The most frequent grammatical error involves the incorrect application of the ergative case marker 'ने' (ne) in past perfective tenses. Because 'करना' (to do) is a transitive verb, any compound verb formed with it requires the subject to take the 'ने' particle when the action is completed in the past. Learners often mistakenly say 'मैं विश्राम किया' instead of the correct 'मैंने विश्राम किया' (I rested). This error stems from treating the phrase as an intransitive action (like sleeping or sitting) rather than a transitive compound. Another significant area of confusion is the distinction between 'विश्राम करना' and the much more common 'आराम करना' (aaram karna). While both translate to 'to rest', they belong to different linguistic registers. 'आराम' is of Persian origin and is the default, everyday word used in casual conversations among friends and family. 'विश्राम', derived from Sanskrit, is formal, literary, and polite. A common mistake is using 'विश्राम करना' in highly informal settings, which can sound unnaturally stiff, overly dramatic, or even slightly comical to native speakers. For example, telling a close friend 'भाई, तू विश्राम कर' (Brother, you rest) sounds mismatched; 'भाई, तू आराम कर' is much more natural. Conversely, using 'आराम' in a highly formal written document or an official speech might lack the required gravitas. Furthermore, learners sometimes confuse 'विश्राम करना' with 'सोना' (sona - to sleep). While resting often involves sleeping, they are not strictly synonymous. You can rest by sitting quietly and reading a book, which is 'विश्राम करना', but it is not 'सोना'. Using 'विश्राम करना' when you specifically mean the biological act of falling asleep can lead to miscommunication. Finally, learners occasionally struggle with the pronunciation of the conjunct consonant 'श्र' (shr) in 'विश्राम', sometimes mispronouncing it as a simple 's' or 'sh' sound without the 'r' trill, leading to 'vish-aam' instead of the crisp 'vish-raam'. Mastering these distinctions is key to fluency.
- Ergative Marker Omission
- Incorrect: मैं विश्राम किया। Correct: मैंने विश्राम किया।
- Register Mismatch
- Using the formal 'विश्राम' in casual slang contexts instead of the everyday 'आराम'.
- Confusion with Sleep
- Using it to specifically mean 'falling asleep' (सोना) rather than general relaxation.
Mistake: वह कल बहुत थक गया था, इसलिए वह विश्राम किया।
Correction: वह कल बहुत थक गया था, इसलिए उसने विश्राम किया।
Mistake: (To a close friend) यार, आज रात पार्टी मत कर, विश्राम कर।
Correction: यार, आज रात पार्टी मत कर, आराम कर।
Mistake: मैं रात को दस बजे विश्राम करता हूँ। (Meaning: I go to sleep at 10 PM)
Correction: मैं रात को दस बजे सोता हूँ।
Mistake: मुझे विश्राम होना है।
Correction: मुझे विश्राम करना है।
Mistake: हम पार्क में विश्राम करने गए। (Sounds overly formal for a casual park visit)
Correction: हम पार्क में टहलने/आराम करने गए।
The Hindi language offers a rich tapestry of vocabulary to express the nuances of resting, relaxing, and pausing, each with its own specific flavor and appropriate context. While विश्राम करना is the standard formal term, exploring its synonyms and related concepts provides a deeper understanding of Hindi expression. The most direct and universally used synonym is 'आराम करना' (aaram karna). As previously noted, 'आराम' is the everyday, conversational equivalent. If you are chatting with friends, family, or colleagues in a relaxed environment, 'आराम करना' is the go-to phrase. Another highly descriptive and slightly colloquial synonym is 'सुस्ताना' (sustana). This verb specifically evokes the image of taking a quick breather to recover from immediate physical exertion. For example, a farmer might 'सुस्ताना' under a tree after plowing a field, or a hiker might 'सुस्ताना' after climbing a steep hill. It implies a short, restorative pause rather than a prolonged period of rest. The phrase 'दम लेना' (dam lena), which literally translates to 'to take a breath', is used similarly to 'सुस्ताना' but often carries a slightly more dramatic or exhausted connotation, indicating that one is out of breath and needs a moment to recover. On the other hand, words like 'ठहरना' (thaharna) and 'रुकना' (rukna) mean 'to stay', 'to stop', or 'to halt'. While they can imply resting during a journey (e.g., 'हम रात को होटल में ठहरे' - We stayed/rested at the hotel for the night), their primary meaning is about the cessation of movement rather than the active process of relaxation. For mental relaxation, modern Hindi speakers often borrow the English word 'relax' and use it as a conjunct verb: 'रिलैक्स करना' (relax karna). This is extremely common in urban, educated circles and specifically targets the alleviation of stress rather than physical fatigue. Finally, in highly literary or poetic contexts, one might encounter terms related to 'शांति' (shanti - peace) or 'चैन' (chain - relief/comfort), such as 'चैन की सांस लेना' (to heave a sigh of relief), which is a specific emotional form of resting after a period of anxiety. Understanding this spectrum—from the formal 'विश्राम' to the casual 'आराम', the physical 'सुस्ताना', and the modern 'रिलैक्स'—allows a learner to express their exact state of fatigue and their need for recovery with native-like precision.
- आराम करना (Aaram karna)
- The most common, everyday word for resting. Used in all informal and semi-formal contexts.
- सुस्ताना (Sustana)
- To take a short breather or pause specifically to recover from immediate physical exertion.
- दम लेना (Dam lena)
- Literally 'to take breath'; used when someone is exhausted and needs a moment to catch their breath.
Formal: कृपया अंदर आकर विश्राम करें।
Informal: अंदर आ जाओ और आराम करो।
पहाड़ चढ़ने के बाद हम थोड़ी देर सुस्ताने लगे।
इतना काम है कि मुझे दम लेने की भी फुर्सत नहीं है।
आजकल की भागदौड़ में थोड़ा रिलैक्स करना भी ज़रूरी है।
यात्रा के दौरान हम एक छोटे से गाँव में ठहरे।
How Formal Is It?
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Niveau de difficulté
Grammaire à connaître
Exemples par niveau
मैं घर पर विश्राम करता हूँ।
I rest at home. (Masculine)
Present simple tense, masculine singular conjugation of 'करना'.
वह बिस्तर पर विश्राम कर रही है।
She is resting on the bed.
Present continuous tense, feminine singular.
हम रविवार को विश्राम करते हैं।
We rest on Sunday.
Present simple tense, plural conjugation.
मुझे विश्राम करना है।
I have to rest. / I want to rest.
Infinitive form used with 'है' to express necessity or desire.
आप यहाँ विश्राम कर सकते हैं।
You can rest here.
Used with the modal verb 'सकना' (can).
पिताजी कमरे में विश्राम कर रहे हैं।
Father is resting in the room.
Present continuous, formal/respectful plural conjugation for 'पिताजी'.
क्या तुम विश्राम कर रहे हो?
Are you resting?
Interrogative sentence in present continuous.
मैं रात को विश्राम करूँगा।
I will rest at night. (Masculine)
Future tense, masculine singular.
कल मैंने बहुत काम किया, इसलिए मैंने विश्राम किया।
Yesterday I worked a lot, so I rested.
Perfective past tense requiring the ergative 'ने' marker.
डॉक्टर ने कहा है कि मुझे विश्राम करना चाहिए।
The doctor has said that I should rest.
Used with 'चाहिए' (should) for advice.
यात्रा के बाद हम थोड़ी देर विश्राम करेंगे।
After the journey, we will rest for a while.
Future tense, plural.
कृपया यहाँ बैठकर विश्राम कीजिए।
Please sit here and rest.
Formal imperative 'कीजिए'.
वह पेड़ के नीचे विश्राम कर रहा था।
He was resting under the tree.
Past continuous tense.
बीमार होने के कारण वह विश्राम कर रही है।
Due to being sick, she is resting.
Expressing reason with 'के कारण'.
क्या आपने कल पर्याप्त विश्राम किया?
Did you rest enough yesterday?
Past perfective question with 'ने'.
मुझे काम के बीच में विश्राम करना पसंद है।
I like to rest in the middle of work.
Using infinitive as a noun object of 'पसंद है'.
यदि तुम बीमार हो, तो तुम्हें घर पर विश्राम करना चाहिए।
If you are sick, then you should rest at home.
Conditional sentence structure (यदि... तो).
लगातार काम करने के बाद, शरीर को विश्राम करने की आवश्यकता होती है।
After working continuously, the body needs to rest.
Using 'की आवश्यकता होती है' (is needed).
उसने अपनी परीक्षा समाप्त होने के बाद ही विश्राम किया।
He rested only after his exams were finished.
Using 'के बाद ही' for emphasis in the past tense.
इस रिसॉर्ट में विश्राम करने के लिए बहुत अच्छी सुविधाएँ हैं।
This resort has very good facilities for resting.
Using 'के लिए' (for the purpose of).
मुझे लगता है कि अब हमें थोड़ी देर विश्राम कर लेना चाहिए।
I think that we should take a rest for a while now.
Compound verb 'कर लेना' adding a sense of completion/benefit.
मानसिक तनाव कम करने के लिए विश्राम करना बहुत ज़रूरी है।
To reduce mental stress, resting is very important.
Infinitive used as the subject of the sentence.
जब तक तुम पूरी तरह से ठीक नहीं हो जाते, तुम्हें विश्राम करना होगा।
Until you are completely well, you will have to rest.
Future compulsion using 'होगा' with 'जब तक' (until).
वह बिना विश्राम किए सुबह से काम कर रहा है।
He has been working since morning without resting.
Using 'बिना... किए' (without doing).
आधुनिक जीवनशैली में, शारीरिक और मानसिक दोनों प्रकार का विश्राम करना अनिवार्य हो गया है।
In the modern lifestyle, taking both physical and mental rest has become mandatory.
Complex sentence with abstract nouns and passive-like construction.
यह सुनिश्चित करें कि आप काम के दबाव के बावजूद पर्याप्त विश्राम कर रहे हैं।
Ensure that you are taking adequate rest despite the pressure of work.
Using 'के बावजूद' (despite) and formal command 'सुनिश्चित करें'.
ध्यान और योग हमें गहराई से विश्राम करने में सहायता करते हैं।
Meditation and yoga help us to rest deeply.
Using adverb 'गहराई से' (deeply) to modify the verb.
डॉक्टर ने उसे पूर्ण विश्राम करने की सलाह दी है, अन्यथा उसकी स्थिति बिगड़ सकती है।
The doctor has advised him to take complete rest, otherwise his condition might worsen.
Using 'अन्यथा' (otherwise) and modal 'सकना' for possibility.
छुट्टियों का मुख्य उद्देश्य केवल घूमना नहीं, बल्कि विश्राम करना भी होना चाहिए।
The main purpose of holidays should not just be traveling, but also resting.
Correlative conjunctions 'केवल... नहीं, बल्कि... भी'.
लंबे समय तक बिना विश्राम किए काम करने से बर्नआउट की समस्या उत्पन्न हो सकती है।
Working for a long time without resting can give rise to the problem of burnout.
Gerund phrase 'काम करने से' causing an outcome.
उसने निर्णय लिया कि वह सप्ताहांत में किसी से नहीं मिलेगी और केवल विश्राम करेगी।
She decided that she would not meet anyone on the weekend and would only rest.
Reported speech with future tense in the subordinate clause.
विश्राम करने का अर्थ केवल सोना नहीं है, बल्कि मन को शांत करना भी है।
The meaning of resting is not just sleeping, but also calming the mind.
Defining a concept using 'का अर्थ... है'.
कठोर परिश्रम के उपरांत, शरीर स्वतः ही विश्राम करने की मांग करने लगता है।
After hard labor, the body automatically begins to demand rest.
Advanced vocabulary ('उपरांत', 'स्वतः ही') and compound verb 'लगना' (to begin).
साहित्यिक दृष्टिकोण से, मृत्यु को जीवन के अंतिम विश्राम के रूप में देखा जा सकता है।
From a literary perspective, death can be seen as the final rest of life.
Passive voice 'देखा जा सकता है' and metaphorical usage.
यह आवश्यक है कि हम उत्पादकता की अंधी दौड़ से बाहर निकलकर कुछ पल विश्राम करने का महत्व समझें।
It is essential that we step out of the blind race of productivity and understand the importance of resting for a few moments.
Subjunctive mood 'समझें' and complex participial phrase 'निकलकर'.
आयुर्वेद के अनुसार, ऋतुचर्या का पालन करते हुए उचित समय पर विश्राम करना दीर्घायु का रहस्य है।
According to Ayurveda, taking rest at the proper time while following seasonal regimens is the secret to longevity.
Cultural context ('ऋतुचर्या') and present participle 'पालन करते हुए'.
उन्होंने अपने राजनीतिक जीवन से कुछ समय के लिए विश्राम करने की घोषणा की है।
He has announced taking a rest from his political life for some time.
Formal phrasing 'विश्राम करने की घोषणा की है'.
निरंतर मानसिक तनाव के बीच, ध्यान के माध्यम से विश्राम करना एक संजीवनी के समान कार्य करता है।
Amidst constant mental stress, resting through meditation acts like a life-saving herb.
Simile 'संजीवनी के समान' and complex prepositional phrases.
यह विश्राम कक्ष विशेष रूप से उन यात्रियों के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया है जो लंबी उड़ानों के बाद विश्राम करना चाहते हैं।
This resting lounge is specifically designed for those passengers who wish to rest after long flights.
Relative clause 'जो... चाहते हैं' and passive construction.
प्रकृति भी शीत ऋतु में अपनी ऊर्जा को संचित करने के लिए एक प्रकार से विश्राम करती प्रतीत होती है।
Nature too, in the winter season, seems to rest in a way to conserve its energy.
Personification and advanced verb phrase 'प्रतीत होती है' (seems to).
वेदांत दर्शन में, आत्मा का परमात्मा में विलीन हो जाना ही परम विश्राम माना गया है।
In Vedanta philosophy, the merging of the soul into the supreme soul is considered the ultimate rest.
Highly philosophical context, passive perfect 'माना गया है'.
आधुनिक पूंजीवादी व्यवस्था ने मनुष्य से उसके विश्राम करने के मौलिक अधिकार को भी एक विलासिता में परिणत कर दिया है।
The modern capitalist system has transformed even man's fundamental right to rest into a luxury.
Sociological critique, advanced vocabulary ('परिणत कर दिया है').
कवि ने अपनी कविता में रात्रि को दिन भर के कोलाहल के बाद विश्राम करने वाली एक शांत प्रेयसी के रूप में चित्रित किया है।
In his poem, the poet has depicted the night as a calm beloved resting after the day's uproar.
Literary analysis, extended metaphor and participial adjective 'विश्राम करने वाली'.
जब तक मन की वृत्तियाँ शांत नहीं होतीं, तब तक भौतिक रूप से विश्राम करना भी निरर्थक सिद्ध होता है।
As long as the fluctuations of the mind are not calmed, resting physically also proves to be meaningless.
Psychological/Yogic terminology ('वृत्तियाँ'), complex correlative 'जब तक... तब तक'.
इतिहास गवाह है कि महान सभ्यताओं ने भी अपने चरमोत्कर्ष के पश्चात एक कालखंड के लिए विश्राम किया है।
History is witness that even great civilizations have rested for a period after their zenith.
Historical narrative, formal vocabulary ('चरमोत्कर्ष', 'कालखंड').
इस गहन समाधि की अवस्था में, योगी का शरीर और श्वास दोनों ही पूर्णतः विश्राम करते हुए प्रतीत होते हैं।
In this state of deep Samadhi, both the yogi's body and breath appear to be resting completely.
Spiritual context, dual subjects with 'दोनों ही'.
लेखक ने अपने संस्मरण में उस क्षण का मार्मिक वर्णन किया है जब उनके पिता ने जीवन भर के संघर्षों के बाद अंतिम विश्राम किया।
In his memoir, the author has poignantly described that moment when his father took his final rest after a lifetime of struggles.
Euphemism for death ('अंतिम विश्राम किया'), literary tone.
कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते के सिद्धांत को अपनाते हुए, निष्काम कर्म के पश्चात प्राप्त होने वाली शांति ही सच्चा विश्राम है।
Adopting the principle of 'right to action alone', the peace attained after selfless action is the true rest.
Reference to the Bhagavad Gita, complex philosophical synthesis.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
विश्राम कर लीजिए (Please rest - formal)
विश्राम की आवश्यकता है (Rest is needed)
विश्राम का समय हो गया है (It is time to rest)
कुछ दिन विश्राम करें (Rest for a few days)
बिना विश्राम किए (Without resting)
विश्राम करने दें (Let [someone] rest)
विश्राम करना स्वास्थ्य के लिए अच्छा है (Resting is good for health)
विश्राम अवस्था (State of rest)
विश्राम दिवस (Day of rest)
विश्राम गृह (Rest house)
Souvent confondu avec
Expressions idiomatiques
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Facile à confondre
Structures de phrases
Comment l'utiliser
Implies a deliberate, restorative pause rather than just being lazy. Often associated with recovery from fatigue or illness.
High. 'विश्राम करना' is the formal standard.
Moderate in daily speech, high in written/formal contexts.
- Forgetting the 'ने' (ne) marker in the past tense (saying 'मैं विश्राम किया' instead of 'मैंने विश्राम किया').
- Using 'विश्राम करना' in highly informal situations where 'आराम करना' is expected, making the speaker sound unnatural.
- Confusing 'विश्राम करना' (to rest) with 'सोना' (to sleep). Resting doesn't always mean sleeping.
- Mispronouncing the 'श्र' (shr) as a simple 's' or 'sh' without the 'r' sound.
- Using 'विश्राम होना' instead of 'विश्राम करना'. Rest is something you 'do' (करना) in Hindi, not something that 'happens' (होना) to you.
Astuces
The 'Ne' Rule
Always remember that 'विश्राम करना' is transitive. In past perfective tenses, your subject must have 'ने' (e.g., राम ने विश्राम किया). The verb will agree with the object (विश्राम - masculine singular), so it always ends in 'किया'.
Formal vs Informal
Keep 'विश्राम करना' in your formal vocabulary toolkit. Use it with doctors, elders, and in writing. For your friends, stick to 'आराम करना'.
Roll the 'R'
The 'श्र' (shr) sound requires a slight roll or tap of the tongue for the 'r'. Practice saying 'sh-r-aam' slowly and then blend it together.
Station Announcements
Next time you are at an Indian railway station, listen carefully to the Hindi announcements. You will almost certainly hear the word 'विश्राम' when they mention waiting rooms.
Showing Respect
Offering an elder a place to 'विश्राम' is a sign of deep respect and good manners in Indian culture. It shows you care about their comfort.
Medical Contexts
If you are writing a story or an essay involving a hospital or illness, using 'विश्राम करना' instead of 'आराम करना' will make your Hindi sound much more authentic and advanced.
Not Just Sleep
Don't limit this word to sleeping. Use it to describe any form of relaxation, like reading, meditating, or just sitting quietly after a long walk.
Infinitive Usage
You can use 'विश्राम करना' as a noun phrase. For example, 'विश्राम करना ज़रूरी है' means 'Resting is important'. This is a great way to make general statements.
Pair with Adjectives
Enhance your sentences by pairing 'विश्राम' with adjectives. 'पूर्ण विश्राम' (complete rest) and 'मानसिक विश्राम' (mental rest) are excellent collocations to learn.
Root Word Connection
Remember that 'श्रम' (shram) means hard work or labor (like an Ashram, a place of spiritual labor). 'वि' (vi) means without. So 'विश्राम' literally means 'without labor' or rest.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine a VICEROY (Vish-raam) taking a formal, royal REST in his palace.
Origine du mot
Sanskrit
Contexte culturel
High. Used in formal, medical, literary, and respectful contexts.
Understood universally across the Hindi belt, though rural areas might prefer local dialects or 'सुस्ताना'.
Using this word towards an elder shows good upbringing and respect. Using it with a close friend might sound sarcastic or overly dramatic.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Amorces de conversation
"आजकल आप बहुत काम कर रहे हैं, क्या आपको विश्राम करने का समय मिलता है? (You are working a lot these days, do you get time to rest?)"
"लंबी यात्रा के बाद, आप कहाँ विश्राम करना पसंद करेंगे? (After a long journey, where would you like to rest?)"
"आपके विचार में, मानसिक विश्राम करने का सबसे अच्छा तरीका क्या है? (In your opinion, what is the best way to take mental rest?)"
"क्या आपको लगता है कि सप्ताहांत केवल विश्राम करने के लिए होना चाहिए? (Do you think weekends should only be for resting?)"
"जब आप बीमार होते हैं, तो क्या आप पूरी तरह से विश्राम करते हैं? (When you are sick, do you rest completely?)"
Sujets d'écriture
Describe a time when you were extremely tired and finally got to rest (विश्राम करना). How did it feel?
Write about your ideal Sunday. How much time do you spend resting (विश्राम करने में)?
In modern society, why is it becoming difficult to find time to rest (विश्राम करने का समय)?
Write a short dialogue between a doctor advising a patient to take complete rest (पूर्ण विश्राम).
Reflect on the difference between physical rest and mental rest (शारीरिक और मानसिक विश्राम).
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsIt is generally not recommended. Using 'विश्राम करना' with close friends sounds overly formal, stiff, or even sarcastic. For casual conversations with friends and family, it is much more natural to use the everyday phrase 'आराम करना' (aaram karna). Save 'विश्राम' for elders, formal settings, or writing.
Not exactly. While resting often involves sleeping, 'विश्राम करना' broadly means 'to rest' or 'to relax'. You can 'विश्राम' by sitting quietly in a chair, reading a book, or meditating. If you specifically want to say 'to sleep', you should use the verb 'सोना' (sona).
In Hindi, compound verbs formed with 'करना' (to do) are treated as transitive verbs. The rule for transitive verbs in the perfective past tense requires the subject to take the ergative marker 'ने' (ne). Therefore, you must say 'मैंने विश्राम किया' (I rested) instead of 'मैं विश्राम किया'.
A 'विश्राम कक्ष' literally translates to 'Rest Room'. However, in India, this usually refers to a waiting room or a lounge, especially at railway stations, airports, or hospitals, where people can sit and relax. It does not mean a bathroom/toilet (which is 'शौचालय').
The letter 'श्र' (shr) is a conjunct consonant. It is pronounced by making a 'sh' sound (like in 'shoe') and immediately following it with a rolled or tapped 'r' sound. It should sound like 'vish-raam', not 'vis-aam' or 'vish-aam'.
Yes, absolutely. 'विश्राम' is a masculine noun meaning 'rest' or 'relaxation'. You can use it in sentences like 'मुझे विश्राम की आवश्यकता है' (I need rest). When you add 'करना' to it, it becomes the verb 'to rest'.
Yes. 'शारीरिक विश्राम' (shaaririk vishram) refers to physical rest, such as sitting or lying down to recover from physical labor. 'मानसिक विश्राम' (maansik vishram) refers to mental rest or relaxation, such as taking a break from stressful work or meditating to calm the mind.
The most accurate and common way to say this, especially in a medical context, is 'पूर्ण विश्राम करें' (purn vishram karein). 'पूर्ण' (purn) means complete or absolute. Doctors frequently use this phrase when advising patients.
Yes, you can, especially in formal or written communication (like an HR email). However, in spoken Hindi at the office, people often use English loanwords like 'ब्रेक लेना' (to take a break) or the casual 'थोड़ा आराम करना' for a short tea or coffee break.
The direct opposites involve working or exerting effort. Common antonyms include 'काम करना' (to work), 'परिश्रम करना' (to labor/work hard), or 'मेहनत करना' (to work hard). The state opposite to rest is 'थकना' (to get tired).
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Summary
Use 'विश्राम करना' when you want to sound polite, formal, or respectful when talking about resting, especially in medical, professional, or literary contexts, while reserving 'आराम करना' for casual chats.
- Means 'to rest' or 'to relax' in a formal context.
- Used frequently in medical advice and formal settings.
- A more polite alternative to the everyday word 'आराम करना'.
- Conjugated by changing the verb 'करना' (to do).
The 'Ne' Rule
Always remember that 'विश्राम करना' is transitive. In past perfective tenses, your subject must have 'ने' (e.g., राम ने विश्राम किया). The verb will agree with the object (विश्राम - masculine singular), so it always ends in 'किया'.
Formal vs Informal
Keep 'विश्राम करना' in your formal vocabulary toolkit. Use it with doctors, elders, and in writing. For your friends, stick to 'आराम करना'.
Roll the 'R'
The 'श्र' (shr) sound requires a slight roll or tap of the tongue for the 'r'. Practice saying 'sh-r-aam' slowly and then blend it together.
Station Announcements
Next time you are at an Indian railway station, listen carefully to the Hindi announcements. You will almost certainly hear the word 'विश्राम' when they mention waiting rooms.
Exemple
काम के बाद हमें थोड़ा विश्राम करना चाहिए।
Contenu associé
Expressions liées
Plus de mots sur general
आभार व्यक्त करना
B1Exprimer sa gratitude ou ses remerciements.
आचरण करना
C1Se comporter ; agir d'une manière particulière.
आगे
A1Forward; ahead.
आगे बढ़ना
A2Avancer ou progresser.
आगामी
B1Prochain, à venir. Se dit d'un événement qui doit avoir lieu bientôt.
आह्वान करना
B1To call, to summon, to request someone's presence.
आज रात
A2Ce soir; la nuit du jour présent.
आजमाना
A2Faire une tentative ou un effort pour faire quelque chose ; tester.
आक्रमण करना
B2Commencer des opérations militaires contre un pays ou un groupe.
आखिरी
A2Dernier, final. 'C'est le dernier bus' se traduit par 'Yeh aakhiri bus hai'. 'La dernière fois' est 'Aakhiri baar'.
