teh

Used to negate verbs and adjectives. E.g., 'Saya tidak makan' (I don't eat).

Used to negate nouns. E.g., 'Ini bukan teh' (This is not tea).

As mentioned, often confused with 'makan' (eat). 'Minum' is specifically for liquids.

'Bisa' can mean both 'can' (ability/possibility) and 'venom' (from a snake or other animal).

Context is key. If discussing capabilities or opportunities, it means 'can'. If discussing snakes or stings, it means 'venom'.

Dia **bisa** berbahasa Indonesia. (He **can** speak Indonesian.) Ular itu memiliki **bisa** yang mematikan. (That snake has deadly **venom**.)

'Makan' is the general verb for 'eat', but learners often confuse it with 'minum' (drink) or get stuck on when to use 'makanan' (food).

'Makan' is the action. 'Makanan' is the noun (food). 'Minum' is for liquids.

Saya ingin **makan** nasi goreng. (I want to **eat** fried rice.) Apa **makanan** favoritmu? (What is your favorite **food**?) Saya haus, saya mau **minum** air. (I'm thirsty, I want to **drink** water.)

'Tinggal' can mean 'to live/reside' and 'to remain/stay'.

When followed by a place, it means 'to live'. When used to describe what's left or staying put, it means 'to remain' or 'to stay'.

Saya **tinggal** di Jakarta. (I **live** in Jakarta.) Hanya sepuluh ribu rupiah **tinggal** di dompet saya. (Only ten thousand rupiah **remain** in my wallet.) Kamu bisa **tinggal** di sini. (You can **stay** here.)

'Baru' can mean 'new' (adjective) and 'just/recently' (adverb).

As an adjective, it describes a noun. As an adverb, it modifies a verb, indicating recent action.

Ini adalah mobil **baru** saya. (This is my **new** car.) Dia **baru** saja datang. (He **just** arrived / He arrived **recently**.)

'Sudah' often translates to 'already' or 'finished', but its usage can be tricky for English speakers, especially when it acts as a past tense indicator.

It indicates completion or prior action. It's often used where English might just use a simple past tense.

Saya **sudah** makan. (I **have already** eaten / I **ate**.) Apakah kamu **sudah** selesai? (Are you **already** finished? / Are you finished **yet**?)