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A1 phrase #600 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

~아래에

araee
Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces ~아래에 en 30 secondes
Explication ~아래에 in your Level:
At the A1 level, '~아래에' is taught as a basic location word. Learners focus on physical objects in their immediate environment. You learn to say things like 'The book is under the desk' or 'The cat is under the chair.' The focus is on the simple structure: [Noun] + 아래에 + [Verb (usually 있어요/없어요)]. At this stage, you don't need to worry about the subtle differences between '아래' and '밑' too much; '아래' is a safe, polite default. You should practice identifying objects in a room and describing their vertical relationship. For example, look at a picture of a house and identify what is '아래에' (below) and what is '위에' (above). This builds the foundational spatial vocabulary needed for basic daily conversations and following simple instructions.
At the A2 level, you begin to use '~아래에' in more varied contexts, such as giving directions or describing weather. You might learn to say 'The subway station is below the building' or 'The temperature is below zero.' You also start to distinguish between '아래에' and '밑에' in practical scenarios, recognizing that '밑' often implies direct contact or the very bottom. You'll use it with a wider range of verbs like '놓다' (to put), '숨다' (to hide), or '앉다' (to sit). At this level, you should also be comfortable with the directional form '아래쪽으로' (toward the bottom/downward). Your sentences become slightly more complex, incorporating adjectives like '바로 아래에' (directly below) or '조금 아래에' (a little below).
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At the B1 level, '~아래에' starts to appear in more abstract and professional contexts. You will encounter it in office settings, such as 'Look at the table below' in a report, or in hierarchical descriptions like 'Under the manager's supervision.' You begin to see the Sino-Korean equivalent '하단에' in digital contexts like websites or emails. You also learn to use it in more descriptive narratives, such as 'living under the same roof' or 'resting under the shade of a tree.' Your understanding of the particle '에' vs '에서' becomes more refined—using '아래에' for existence and '아래에서' for actions occurring in that space. This level requires you to move beyond simple physical location into more functional and descriptive usage.
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At the B2 level, you are expected to understand '~아래에' in idiomatic and metaphorical expressions. Phrases like '발아래에 두다' (to have something at one's feet/under control) or '눈 아래로 보다' (to look down on someone) become part of your receptive vocabulary. You can handle more complex spatial descriptions in literature or news reports, such as 'under the influence of a low-pressure system' or 'under the provisions of the law.' You also become proficient in using formal alternatives like '하부' or '하단' appropriately in written Korean. At this stage, you should be able to explain the nuances between different 'below' words to others and use them accurately in various registers, from casual speech to formal presentations.
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At the C1 level, your use of '~아래에' is sophisticated and nuanced. You use it in academic and legal contexts, such as 'under the jurisdiction of' or 'under the hypothesis that.' You are sensitive to the stylistic choices between native Korean '아래' and Sino-Korean '하(下)'. You can analyze how the word is used in classical literature or modern poetry to create atmosphere or symbolize hierarchy and oppression. You use the phrase effortlessly in complex sentence structures, often combining it with advanced grammar patterns to express subtle relationships between ideas. Your mastery allows you to use the word not just for location, but as a tool for logical structuring in high-level discourse.
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At the C2 level, you have a native-like grasp of '~아래에' and all its related forms. You can appreciate and use the word in highly specialized fields like law, philosophy, or advanced science. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its role in the Korean language's spatial conceptualization. You can use it to express deep philosophical concepts, such as being 'under the heavens' or 'under the weight of existence.' In professional writing, your choice between '아래', '밑', '하단', and '하부' is always precise and contextually perfect. You can engage in debates about the linguistic nuances of spatial postpositions and use the phrase to construct eloquent, persuasive arguments in any setting.
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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

~아래에 en 30 secondes

  • ~아래에 means 'under' or 'below' and is used to describe physical locations where one object is at a lower level than another.
  • It is formed by combining the noun '아래' (bottom) with the location particle '에' (at/in), following the noun it describes.
  • While similar to '밑에', '~아래에' is more general and can be used for hierarchy, weather, and abstract concepts like 'under guidance'.
  • In sentences, it typically appears as '[Noun] 아래에 있어요' to indicate existence or with action verbs to show where something happens.

The Korean phrase ~아래에 is a fundamental spatial indicator that translates primarily to 'under,' 'below,' or 'beneath' in English. It is composed of the noun 아래 (meaning 'bottom' or 'lower part') and the locative particle 에 (meaning 'at' or 'in'). Together, they function as a postpositional phrase to indicate the location of an object relative to another, specifically when that object is at a lower vertical position.

Physical Position
The most common use is describing where an object is located physically. For example, if a cat is sleeping under a table, you would use this phrase to describe that relationship.

고양이가 테이블 아래에 있어요. (The cat is under the table.)

Beyond physical objects, ~아래에 is used in various contexts including hierarchy, weather, and abstract concepts. In a hierarchical society like Korea, 'below' can refer to rank or status. In weather, it describes temperatures falling 'below' zero. It is a versatile word that every beginner must master to navigate basic descriptions of the world around them.

Hierarchical Use
In professional or social settings, it can denote someone of a lower rank. For instance, '부장님 아래에 대리가 있다' (Under the manager, there is an assistant manager).

나무 아래에 앉아서 쉬어요. (Sit under the tree and rest.)

In literature and formal writing, ~아래에 might be used to describe being under the influence of something or under the protection of someone. For example, '신의 가호 아래에' (Under the protection of God). This demonstrates that the word moves from simple spatial awareness to complex metaphorical constructs as your Korean proficiency grows.

Environmental Context
It is frequently used in descriptions of nature, such as '산 아래에 마을이 있습니다' (There is a village below the mountain).

구름 아래에 비가 내려요. (It is raining below the clouds.)

Understanding ~아래에 also requires understanding its antonym, ~위에 (above/on). These two form the vertical axis of Korean spatial grammar. When you learn one, you should immediately learn the other to provide a complete mental map of your surroundings. Whether you are looking for your shoes under the bed or describing a valley below a cliff, this phrase is your primary tool for vertical orientation.

Using ~아래에 in a sentence follows a very consistent pattern in Korean grammar. Unlike English, where the preposition 'under' comes before the noun, Korean uses postpositions. This means the noun comes first, followed by the spatial indicator. The basic formula is: [Noun] + 아래에 + [Verb].

The Basic Structure
To say 'under the chair,' you say '의자 (chair) + 아래에 (under).' If you want to say 'The bag is under the chair,' the full sentence is '가방이 의자 아래에 있어요.'

침대 아래에 신발이 있어요. (There are shoes under the bed.)

One important grammatical nuance is the choice of the final verb. Most often, ~아래에 is paired with 있다 (to be/exist) or 없다 (to not be/not exist). However, it can also be used with action verbs like 숨다 (to hide), 놓다 (to put), or 앉다 (to sit). In these cases, the phrase describes the location where the action is occurring or the destination of the action.

Modifying the Phrase
You can add modifiers to be more specific. '바로 아래에' means 'directly underneath,' while '조금 아래에' means 'a little bit below.'

책상 바로 아래에 쓰레기통이 있어요. (The trash can is directly under the desk.)

In more advanced usage, ~아래에 can be used to describe abstract states. For example, '지도 아래에' (under the guidance) or '통제 아래에' (under control). In these instances, the 'noun' is an abstract concept rather than a physical object. The grammar remains the same, but the meaning shifts from spatial to relational or conditional.

Using with Directions
When giving directions, you might say '이 건물 아래에 지하철역이 있어요' (There is a subway station below this building).

지붕 아래에 제비집이 있어요. (There is a swallow's nest under the roof.)

Finally, consider the politeness levels. Whether you use '아래에 있어요' (polite) or '아래에 있어' (informal), the phrase ~아래에 itself does not change. It is a stable building block of the Korean language that allows you to accurately describe the 3D world around you. Practice by looking at objects in your room and stating their positions relative to each other using this pattern.

You will encounter ~아래에 in a wide variety of real-life situations in Korea. From daily chores to professional environments, it is a high-frequency phrase. One of the most common places you'll hear it is in the home, specifically when someone is looking for something. 'Where are my socks?' 'They are under the bed!'

In the Kitchen
You might hear: '냄비는 싱크대 아래에 있어요' (The pots are under the sink). Kitchen organization often relies on vertical space, making this phrase essential.

싱크대 아래에 세제가 있어요. (The detergent is under the sink.)

Another very common context is the weather report. In Korea, winters can be quite cold, and you will often hear the term '영하' (below zero). While '영하' is the specific word for sub-zero, the concept of 'below' is rooted in the same spatial logic as 아래. When describing a chart or a list, a presenter might say, '아래에 있는 표를 보세요' (Please look at the table below).

In the Office
A colleague might say, '서류는 모니터 아래에 두었습니다' (I put the documents under the monitor). It's used for precise desk organization.

모니터 아래에 메모지가 있어요. (There is a notepad under the monitor.)

In nature and tourism, you'll hear it when people describe landmarks. 'The waterfall is below the cliff' or 'The parking lot is below the entrance.' If you are hiking in Korea's many mountains, trail signs or fellow hikers might use ~아래에 to guide you toward a rest area or a spring located further down the path.

In Shopping
A shop assistant might tell you, '다른 사이즈는 선반 아래에 있어요' (Other sizes are under the shelf).

선반 아래에 박스가 많아요. (There are many boxes under the shelf.)

Lastly, you'll see it in digital interfaces. When a website says 'See below for more details,' the Korean version will often use '아래' or '아래 내용'. This makes it a crucial word for navigating Korean websites, apps, and documents. Whether physical or digital, ~아래에 is the standard way to direct someone's attention downward.

Even though ~아래에 is an A1-level phrase, learners often make specific mistakes when using it. The most common error is confusing it with its synonym 밑에. While they are often interchangeable, they are not identical. 밑 usually refers to the bottom surface or the space directly touching the bottom, whereas 아래 is a more general term for the space below.

Mistake 1: Confusing '아래' and '밑'
Learners might say '발 아래' when they mean '발 밑' (the sole of the foot). '밑' is better for direct contact or the very bottom part of an object.

❌ 발 아래에 껌이 붙었어요. (Incorrect for 'on the bottom of the foot')
✅ 발 밑에 껌이 붙었어요. (Correct)

Another frequent mistake is the incorrect placement of the particle 에. Some learners try to put the particle after the main noun instead of after '아래'. For example, saying '책상에 아래' instead of '책상 아래에'. Remember that '아래' acts as the noun indicating the location, so the location particle must attach to it.

Mistake 2: Forgetting the Particle
In formal writing, omitting '에' is a mistake. While spoken Korean is flexible, '책상 아래 있어요' sounds slightly incomplete in a classroom or testing environment.

❌ 의자 아래 고양이가 있어요. (Slightly unnatural in writing)
✅ 의자 아래에 고양이가 있어요. (Correct)

A third mistake involves using 아래 for 'less than' in numerical contexts. While 'below' works for numbers in English, Korean often prefers 미만 (less than) or 이하 (less than or equal to) for formal statistics or age limits. Saying '10살 아래' is okay in casual speech, but '10세 미만' is the correct formal term.

Mistake 3: Over-applying to Numbers
Using '아래' for prices or ages can sound childish. Use '이하' or '미만' for a more natural, adult-sounding Korean.

❌ 5,000원 아래에 사요. (Awkward)
✅ 5,000원 이하로 사요. (Better)

To avoid these mistakes, always visualize the object's position. If it's in the space below something, use 아래에. If it's touching the bottom surface, consider 밑에. And always remember the particle 에 to ground the location in the sentence structure.

In Korean, there are several ways to express the concept of 'below' or 'under,' depending on the nuance, formality, and specific physical relationship. Understanding these alternatives will make your Korean sound more natural and precise.

아래 (A-rae) vs. 밑 (Mit)

아래: A general term for 'below' or 'lower part.' It doesn't require direct contact. It's used for hierarchy and general directions.

밑: Often refers to the space directly beneath or the bottom surface of something. It's more 'physical.' For example, the bottom of a box is '상자 밑'.

책상 아래에 공간이 있어요. (There is space below the desk.)
책상 밑에 껌이 붙었어요. (Gum is stuck to the bottom of the desk.)

Another set of alternatives comes from Sino-Korean vocabulary (Hanja). These are often used in formal documents, academic writing, or specific technical contexts.

하단 (Ha-dan) vs. 하부 (Ha-bu)

하단 (下端): Literally 'lower end.' Used for the bottom part of a page, a screen, or a document. 'See the bottom of the page' would use '하단'.

하부 (下部): Literally 'lower part' or 'sub-structure.' Used for the lower part of a machine, an organization, or a geological formation.

웹사이트 하단에 연락처가 있습니다. (The contact info is at the bottom of the website.)

Numerical Alternatives: 이하 (I-ha) and 미만 (Mi-man)

이하: Below or equal to (≤). Used for limits like '19 years old and under.'

미만: Less than (<). Used for limits like 'under 100cm.'

10세 미만 어린이는 무료입니다. (Children under 10 are free.)

Finally, consider 아래쪽 (a-rae-jjok), which means 'the lower side' or 'downward direction.' This is useful when you aren't pointing to a specific spot 'under' something, but rather a general direction. 'Look down' or 'Go further down' would use this directional form. By choosing the right word from this list, you demonstrate a deeper understanding of Korean spatial logic.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

In Middle Korean, the word was written as '아래' but the vowel '아' was originally the 'arae-a' (ㆍ) vowel, which is now extinct in modern standard Korean but still exists in the word's name!

Guide de prononciation

UK /a.ɾɛ.e/
US /a.ɾe.e/
The stress is even across all syllables, as is typical in Korean, but the first syllable '아' is often slightly clearer.
Rime avec
모래에 (in the sand) 노래에 (in the song) 차례에 (in the turn) 미래에 (in the future) 원래에 (originally - rare) 사례에 (in the case) 거래에 (in the transaction) 나래에 (on the wing - poetic)
Erreurs fréquentes
  • Pronouncing the 'r' in 'rae' like an English 'r' (it should be a light tap).
  • Making the final 'e' too long like 'ee'.
  • Blending 'rae' and 'e' into a single sound.
  • Adding a 'y' sound between 'rae' and 'e'.
  • Pronouncing 'ae' (ㅐ) and 'e' (ㅔ) too differently (in modern Seoul Korean, they sound almost identical).

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 1/5

Very easy to recognize as it's a basic spatial noun.

Écriture 2/5

Requires remembering the correct particle '에' and the postpositional order.

Expression orale 1/5

Simple pronunciation and high frequency make it easy to use.

Écoute 1/5

Clear sounds and distinct from other location words.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

위 (top) 에 (location particle) 있다 (to be) 책상 (desk) 의자 (chair)

Apprends ensuite

옆에 (beside) 앞에 (in front of) 뒤에 (behind) 안에 (inside) 밑에 (bottom/under)

Avancé

하단 (bottom part) 이하 (less than or equal to) 미만 (less than) 지하 (underground)

Grammaire à connaître

Location Particle -에

책상 아래**에** 있어요.

Action Location Particle -에서

나무 아래**에서** 놀아요.

Directional Particle -로

아래**로** 내려가세요.

Noun Modifying Form -의

책상**의** 아래 (The bottom of the desk - formal/rare).

Sai-siot (ㅅ) for compounds

아래 + 집 = 아랫집 (The house below).

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Exemples par niveau

1

책상 아래에 공이 있어요.

There is a ball under the desk.

Noun (책상) + 아래에 + Verb (있어요).

2

의자 아래에 신발이 있어요.

There are shoes under the chair.

Basic spatial location.

3

침대 아래에 가방이 있어요.

There is a bag under the bed.

Using '아래에' for hidden locations.

4

나무 아래에 앉아요.

Sit under the tree.

Using '아래에' with an action verb (앉다).

5

우산 아래에 두 사람이 있어요.

There are two people under the umbrella.

Indicates being covered by something.

6

식탁 아래에 강아지가 있어요.

There is a puppy under the dining table.

Common household description.

7

모자 아래에 머리카락이 보여요.

I can see hair under the hat.

Spatial relationship between two objects.

8

하늘 아래에 우리가 살아요.

We live under the sky.

General poetic/spatial use.

1

이 건물 아래에 주차장이 있어요.

There is a parking lot below this building.

Indicates underground or lower levels.

2

구름 아래에 도시가 보여요.

I can see the city below the clouds.

Describing views from a height.

3

다리 아래에 강이 흘러요.

A river flows under the bridge.

Natural landscape description.

4

그림 아래에 이름을 쓰세요.

Please write your name below the picture.

Giving instructions for placement.

5

온도가 영하 아래로 내려갔어요.

The temperature went down below zero.

Used with '영하' (below zero) for weather.

6

선반 아래에 박스를 두세요.

Put the box under the shelf.

Directional instruction.

7

계단 아래에 창고가 있어요.

There is a storage room under the stairs.

Architectural description.

8

지붕 아래에 새집이 있어요.

There is a birdhouse under the roof.

Describing position relative to a structure.

1

부모님의 보살핌 아래에 잘 자랐어요.

I grew up well under my parents' care.

Abstract use: under someone's care/protection.

2

자세한 내용은 아래에 적혀 있습니다.

Detailed information is written below.

Referring to text further down in a document.

3

우리는 같은 지붕 아래에 살고 있어요.

We are living under the same roof.

Idiomatic expression for living together.

4

그는 감독의 지도 아래에 훈련했습니다.

He trained under the coach's guidance.

Abstract use: under guidance/supervision.

5

나무 그늘 아래에서 쉬고 싶어요.

I want to rest under the shade of the tree.

Using '아래에서' because an action (resting) is happening there.

6

해변의 파라솔 아래에 누워 있었어요.

I was lying under a parasol on the beach.

Describing a state in a specific location.

7

이 규정 아래에 모든 것이 결정됩니다.

Everything is decided under this regulation.

Abstract use: under a rule or law.

8

절벽 아래에 파도가 쳐요.

Waves are crashing below the cliff.

Describing nature from a high vantage point.

1

그는 엄격한 규율 아래에서 교육받았다.

He was educated under strict discipline.

Formal abstract usage.

2

달빛 아래에서 춤을 추는 사람들.

People dancing under the moonlight.

Literary/poetic setting.

3

그 도시는 해수면 아래에 위치해 있다.

The city is located below sea level.

Geographical/technical description.

4

정부의 통제 아래에 물가가 안정되었다.

Prices stabilized under government control.

Economic/political context.

5

그는 자신의 발아래에 세상을 두려 했다.

He tried to put the world at his feet.

Idiomatic expression for power/control.

6

현미경 아래에서 세포를 관찰합니다.

Observe cells under the microscope.

Scientific context.

7

그는 가명 아래에 활동하는 작가이다.

He is a writer active under a pseudonym.

Abstract use: under a name/identity.

8

폭포 아래에 무지개가 생겼어요.

A rainbow formed below the waterfall.

Describing natural phenomena.

1

식민지 지배 아래에서 고통받는 민중들.

The people suffering under colonial rule.

Historical/political context.

2

그 이론은 특정 조건 아래에서만 성립한다.

The theory holds true only under certain conditions.

Academic/logical context.

3

그는 타인의 영향력 아래에 놓여 있다.

He is under the influence of others.

Psychological/social context.

4

법의 테두리 아래에서 보호받을 권리.

The right to be protected under the framework of the law.

Legal terminology.

5

거대한 빙산 아래에 숨겨진 진실.

The truth hidden beneath the massive iceberg.

Metaphorical use in investigative contexts.

6

민주주의라는 기치 아래에 모였다.

They gathered under the banner of democracy.

Political rhetoric.

7

자본의 논리 아래에 인간성이 상실되다.

Humanity is lost under the logic of capital.

Sociological critique.

8

그의 발언은 침묵 아래에 묻혔다.

His remarks were buried under silence.

Literary/abstract metaphor.

1

만물은 자연의 섭리 아래에 존재한다.

All things exist under the providence of nature.

Philosophical/religious context.

2

그 조약은 상호 호혜의 원칙 아래에 체결되었다.

The treaty was signed under the principle of reciprocity.

Diplomatic/legal terminology.

3

무의식 아래에 잠재된 욕망을 탐구하다.

Explore the desires latent beneath the unconscious.

Psychoanalytic context.

4

역사의 수레바퀴 아래에 스러져간 이름들.

Names that faded away under the wheels of history.

Highly poetic/literary expression.

5

그는 신의 가호 아래에 평안히 잠들었다.

He fell into a peaceful sleep under God's protection.

Euphemism for death in a religious context.

6

권력의 그늘 아래에서 기생하는 무리들.

Groups parasitizing under the shadow of power.

Political metaphor.

7

표면적인 평화 아래에 갈등이 소용돌이친다.

Conflicts swirl beneath the surface peace.

Describing hidden social or personal tension.

8

시대의 요구 아래에 새로운 패러다임이 등장했다.

A new paradigm emerged under the demands of the era.

Intellectual/historical discourse.

Collocations courantes

책상 아래에
나무 아래에
지붕 아래에
지도 아래에
영하 아래로
구름 아래에
발아래에
통제 아래에
보호 아래에
선반 아래에

Phrases Courantes

아래를 보세요

— Look below / Look down. Used to direct someone's attention.

아래를 보세요, 정말 아름다워요.

아래에 있는

— The one located below. Used as an adjective phrase.

아래에 있는 책을 주세요.

바로 아래에

— Directly below. Used for precise location.

제 방은 부엌 바로 아래에 있어요.

조금 아래에

— A little bit below. Used for approximate location.

그림을 조금 아래에 걸어주세요.

아래에서 위로

— From bottom to top. Describes direction of movement.

아래에서 위로 훑어보았다.

아래로 내려가다

— To go down. Common directional verb phrase.

계단 아래로 내려가세요.

아래로 떨어지다

— To fall down / To drop below. Used for objects or values.

가격이 만 원 아래로 떨어졌어요.

아래에 쓰다

— To write below. Used in instructions.

이름을 아래에 쓰세요.

아래에 두다

— To put/place below. Used for storage or organization.

짐을 의자 아래에 두세요.

아래에 숨다

— To hide under. Used for people or animals.

고양이가 침대 아래에 숨었어요.

Souvent confondu avec

~아래에 vs 밑에

밑에 often implies direct contact or the very bottom surface, while 아래에 is more general.

~아래에 vs 안에

Learners sometimes confuse 'under' with 'inside' when objects are tucked away.

~아래에 vs 뒤에

Confusing 'below' with 'behind' in complex 3D spaces.

Expressions idiomatiques

"한 지붕 아래에 살다"

— To live under one roof. Means to live together as a family or group.

우리는 비록 남남이지만 한 지붕 아래에 살아요.

Common
"발아래에 두다"

— To have something at one's feet. Means to control or dominate something.

그는 경쟁자들을 발아래에 두었다.

Literary
"눈 아래로 보다"

— To look down on someone. To treat someone as inferior.

사람을 눈 아래로 보면 안 됩니다.

Common
"발아래에도 못 미치다"

— To not even reach someone's feet. To be far inferior to someone.

제 실력은 그의 발아래에도 못 미쳐요.

Common
"치마 아래에"

— Under the skirt. Often refers to being overly protected by a mother (Chima-baram).

그는 여전히 엄마 치마 아래에 있다.

Informal/Critical
"하늘 아래 새로운 것은 없다"

— There is nothing new under the sun. Everything has been done before.

하늘 아래 새로운 것은 없다더니 정말이네.

Literary
"달빛 아래서"

— Under the moonlight. Used for romantic or nostalgic settings.

달빛 아래서 약속을 했어요.

Poetic
"그늘 아래에 있다"

— To be under the shade/influence of someone powerful.

그는 형의 그늘 아래에 가려져 있었다.

Literary
"손아래 사람"

— A younger person or someone of lower rank.

손아래 사람에게도 예의를 지켜야 한다.

Common
"발등 아래"

— Right at one's feet. Meaning something is very close or urgent.

불이 발등 아래까지 떨어졌다.

Common

Facile à confondre

~아래에 vs 밑

Both mean 'under/below'.

아래 is general space below; 밑 is often the bottom surface or directly touching.

책상 아래 (space under desk) vs. 책상 밑 (bottom of the desk board).

~아래에 vs 이하

Both relate to being 'lower'.

아래 is spatial; 이하 is numerical (less than or equal to).

10살 이하 (10 years or younger).

~아래에 vs 미만

Both relate to being 'lower'.

아래 is spatial; 미만 is strictly numerical (less than).

100점 미만 (less than 100 points).

~아래에 vs 하단

Both mean 'bottom'.

아래 is general; 하단 is specifically for documents, screens, or pages.

웹사이트 하단 (bottom of the website).

~아래에 vs 뒤

Spatial orientation confusion.

아래 is vertical (down); 뒤 is horizontal (behind).

의자 아래 (under chair) vs. 의자 뒤 (behind chair).

Structures de phrases

A1

[Noun] 아래에 있어요.

의자 아래에 있어요.

A1

[Noun] 아래에 없어요.

책상 아래에 없어요.

A2

[Noun] 아래에 [Verb].

나무 아래에 앉아요.

A2

[Noun] 아래로 [Verb].

계단 아래로 내려가요.

B1

[Noun]의 [Abstract Noun] 아래에.

선생님의 지도 아래에.

B1

아래에 있는 [Noun].

아래에 있는 사진을 보세요.

B2

바로 아래에.

우리 집 바로 아래에 마트가 있어요.

C1

[Noun]라는 기치 아래에.

자유라는 기치 아래에.

Famille de mots

Noms

아래 (bottom/below)
아래쪽 (lower side)
아랫집 (house below)
아래층 (floor below)
아랫니 (bottom teeth)

Verbes

내려가다 (to go down)
내려오다 (to come down)
낮추다 (to lower)

Adjectifs

낮은 (low)
아래의 (lower/bottom)

Apparenté

밑 (bottom)
하 (low/down - Hanja)
바닥 (floor/ground)
지하 (underground)
내리막 (downhill)
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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Extremely High (Essential A1 vocabulary)

Erreurs courantes
  • 에 아래 (e arae) → 아래에 (arae-e)

    The particle must come after the location noun, not before.

  • 아래 테이블 (arae table) → 테이블 아래 (table arae)

    In Korean, the reference object comes before the spatial word.

  • Using '아래' for 'bottom of the foot' → 발 밑 (bal mit)

    For direct contact or the very bottom surface, '밑' is more natural.

  • Using '아래' for time (e.g., 'below 5 o'clock') → 5시 전 (5-si jeon)

    '아래' is for space and hierarchy, not for time. Use '전' (before).

  • Omitting '에' in formal writing → 아래에 (arae-e)

    While common in speech, the particle is required for grammatical correctness in writing.

Astuces

Particle Choice

Use '아래에' for where something is (existence) and '아래에서' for where an action happens. '나무 아래에 있어요' vs '나무 아래에서 놀아요'.

Compound Words

Learn words like '아래층' (lower floor) and '아랫집' (house below) to expand your vocabulary quickly.

The 'R' Sound

The 'ㄹ' in '아래' is a flap sound, like the 'tt' in 'better' in American English. Don't roll it like a Spanish 'r' or use an English 'r'.

Word Order

Always remember: [Object] + [Location]. It's the opposite of English 'under [Object]'.

Hierarchy

When talking about juniors in a company, '아래' is acceptable, but '후배' (junior) is often more polite.

Digital Korean

When looking at a website, '아래' or '하단' will lead you to the footer or more information.

A-rae / Array

Imagine an 'array' of shoes lined up '아래' (under) the bed.

Context Clues

If you hear '아래', look down! It's almost always directing your attention to a lower position.

Be Specific

Add '바로' (directly) or '조금' (a little) to '아래에' to sound more like a native speaker.

Pair with '위'

Always study '아래' and '위' together. They are a natural pair that defines vertical space.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'A-rae' as 'A Ray' of light shining down from above to the floor. The light hits the '아래' (bottom).

Association visuelle

Imagine a cat hiding under a table. The table is '위' (top) and the cat is '아래' (bottom). The '에' is the pin that sticks the cat to that spot.

Word Web

위 (Above) 옆 (Beside) 뒤 (Behind) 앞 (In front) 안 (Inside) 밖 (Outside) 밑 (Bottom) 아래 (Below)

Défi

Try to find 5 things in your room that are '아래에' something else and say them out loud in Korean. (e.g., '신발이 침대 아래에 있어요.')

Origine du mot

Native Korean word '아래' (arae) has been used since Middle Korean to denote the lower part or direction. It is a pure Korean word, not derived from Chinese characters, although it is often paired with the Hanja '下' (ha) in compound words.

Sens originel : The original meaning was simply 'the place that is lower' or 'the bottom part'.

Koreanic

Contexte culturel

Be careful when using '아래' to describe people, as it can sound dismissive if not used in the correct social context (e.g., 'my subordinates').

English speakers often use 'under' and 'below' interchangeably, but Korean learners should note that '아래' is the most common general term, similar to 'below'.

The movie 'Parasite' (기생충) visually explores the concept of '아래' (below) through the semi-basement and basement living conditions. The song 'Under the Sea' from The Little Mermaid is translated as '바다 아래에서' in Korean. The phrase '하늘 아래 첫 동네' (The first village under the sky) is often used to describe high-altitude mountain villages in Korea.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

At Home

  • 침대 아래에
  • 소파 아래에
  • 식탁 아래에
  • 싱크대 아래에

In Nature

  • 나무 아래에
  • 산 아래에
  • 다리 아래에
  • 하늘 아래에

At the Office

  • 모니터 아래에
  • 서류 아래에
  • 책상 아래에
  • 지도 아래에

Weather/Numbers

  • 영하 아래로
  • 기준 아래로
  • 수준 아래로
  • 기대 아래로

Reading/Writing

  • 그림 아래에
  • 표 아래에
  • 문장 아래에
  • 이름 아래에

Amorces de conversation

"제 열쇠가 책상 아래에 있나요? (Are my keys under the desk?)"

"나무 아래에서 같이 쉴까요? (Shall we rest under the tree together?)"

"이 그림 아래에 무엇을 쓸까요? (What should I write below this picture?)"

"침대 아래에 무엇이 있어요? (What is under the bed?)"

"비가 오는데 우산 아래로 들어오세요. (It's raining, come under the umbrella.)"

Sujets d'écriture

오늘 침대 아래에서 무엇을 찾았나요? (What did you find under your bed today?)

나무 아래에 앉아서 무슨 생각을 했나요? (What did you think about while sitting under a tree?)

당신의 책상 아래에는 무엇이 있나요? (What is under your desk?)

어떤 사람의 지도 아래에서 일하고 싶나요? (Under whose guidance do you want to work?)

한 지붕 아래에 같이 살고 싶은 사람은 누구인가요? (Who do you want to live with under one roof?)

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

In casual spoken Korean, yes. '책상 아래 있어' is common. However, in writing and formal speech, '에' should be included.

'아래' is more general and can refer to any space lower than the object. '밑' often refers to the space directly beneath or the bottom surface itself.

Use '바로' before '아래에'. For example, '책상 바로 아래에 있어요'.

Yes, but it refers to rank or age. '아랫사람' means a junior or subordinate. Use it carefully to avoid sounding rude.

You usually say '아래로 내려가세요' using the directional particle '로'.

No, '아래' is not used for time. Use '전' (before) or '후' (after) for time-related 'below/above'.

In documents, '하단' (bottom) or '하부' (lower part) are used. These are Sino-Korean words.

The specific word is '영하' (below zero), but you can say '영하 아래로 내려갔어요' to emphasize the drop.

It's better to use '이하' or '미만' for prices. '5,000원 아래' sounds a bit casual or childish.

The opposite is '위에' (on/above).

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Teste-toi 200 questions

writing

Translate: 'The cat is under the chair.'

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writing

Translate: 'Put the bag under the desk.'

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writing

Translate: 'There is a ball under the bed.'

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writing

Translate: 'Sit under the tree.'

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writing

Translate: 'Write your name below the picture.'

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writing

Translate: 'The temperature is below zero.'

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writing

Translate: 'There is a parking lot below the building.'

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writing

Translate: 'I am resting under the shade.'

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writing

Translate: 'We live under the same roof.'

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writing

Translate: 'Study under the teacher's guidance.'

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writing

Translate: 'Look at the table below.'

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writing

Translate: 'It is under government control.'

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writing

Translate: 'The city is below sea level.'

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writing

Translate: 'He works under a pseudonym.'

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writing

Translate: 'Don't look down on people.'

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writing

Translate: 'Everything is under the providence of nature.'

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writing

Translate: 'They gathered under the banner of freedom.'

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writing

Translate: 'The right to be protected under the law.'

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writing

Translate: 'Desires latent beneath the unconscious.'

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writing

Translate: 'Names faded under the wheels of history.'

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speaking

Say: 'Under the table.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'The ball is under the chair.'

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speaking

Say: 'Sit under the tree.'

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speaking

Say: 'There is no bag under the bed.'

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speaking

Say: 'Write here, below the name.'

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speaking

Say: 'Go down below the building.'

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speaking

Say: 'It's under the monitor.'

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speaking

Say: 'It's raining below the clouds.'

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speaking

Say: 'We live under one roof.'

Read this aloud:

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speaking

Say: 'I am under the teacher's guidance.'

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speaking

Say: 'Please check the details below.'

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speaking

Say: 'It's under control.'

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speaking

Say: 'The city is below sea level.'

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speaking

Say: 'Don't look down on me.'

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speaking

Say: 'He is under the influence of his father.'

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speaking

Say: 'Under the banner of democracy.'

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speaking

Say: 'Under the providence of nature.'

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speaking

Say: 'Under the framework of the law.'

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speaking

Say: 'Beneath the unconscious mind.'

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speaking

Say: 'Under the wheels of history.'

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listening

Listen and write: '책상 아래에 있어요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '나무 아래에 앉아요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '의자 아래에 신발이 있어요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '침대 아래에 숨었어요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '그림 아래에 이름을 쓰세요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '영하 아래로 내려갔어요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '한 지붕 아래에 살아요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '선생님의 지도 아래에 공부해요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '아래에 있는 링크를 보세요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '해수면 아래에 위치해요.'

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listening

Listen and write: '눈 아래로 보지 마세요.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '법의 보호 아래에 있어요.'

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listening

Listen and write: '자연의 섭리 아래에 있다.'

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listening

Listen and write: '무의식 아래에 잠재된 욕망.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :
listening

Listen and write: '역사의 수레바퀴 아래에서.'

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Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte :

/ 200 correct

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