拐杖 en 30 secondes
- A walking stick or crutch for support.
- Used by the elderly or injured.
- Helps with balance and stability.
- Common in hospitals and among older people.
Understanding 拐杖 (guǎizhàng)
The Chinese word 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) directly translates to 'crutch' or 'walking stick.' It refers to a device used to provide support and stability when walking. People typically use a 拐杖 when they have difficulty walking due to age, injury, illness, or a temporary physical impairment. It helps to distribute weight, improve balance, and reduce strain on the legs or other affected body parts. In essence, a 拐杖 is a mobility aid that allows individuals to move more safely and comfortably.
Imagine an elderly person who finds it hard to stand for long periods or a person recovering from a leg injury. They might rely on a 拐杖 to help them get around their home, go to the doctor's appointments, or even take short walks outdoors. The design of a 拐杖 can vary, from simple wooden sticks to more adjustable metal ones with ergonomic handles. Some modern 拐杖 also come with features like anti-slip tips for better grip on various surfaces. The primary function remains the same: to assist with walking and prevent falls.
- Key Function
- To provide physical support and enhance stability while walking.
- Common Users
- Elderly individuals, people with leg injuries, those recovering from surgery, and individuals with chronic mobility issues.
- Types
- Can range from basic sticks to adjustable, ergonomic designs with specialized tips.
奶奶年纪大了，走路需要拄着拐杖。
Understanding the context of use is crucial. A 拐杖 is a tool for physical assistance. Its presence often indicates a need for extra support due to a physical condition. Therefore, when you hear or see this word, picture someone who requires a little help to maintain their balance and mobility. It's a word associated with care, recovery, and aging gracefully.
In a broader sense, the concept of a 拐杖 can be extended to anything that provides essential support. However, its primary and most common meaning is the physical walking aid. When learning Chinese, associating this word with the visual of someone using a walking stick will greatly aid in retention. Think about the feeling of stability and security it provides. This physical connection will make the word more memorable.
The word itself is composed of two characters: 拐 (guǎi) meaning 'to turn' or 'to bend,' and 杖 (zhàng) meaning 'stick' or 'cane.' While the 'turn' meaning might not be immediately obvious, the 'stick' part is clear. The combined meaning signifies a stick used for support, perhaps implying it helps one 'turn' or navigate difficult paths more easily. This etymological hint can also be a helpful mnemonic.
Constructing Sentences with 拐杖 (guǎizhàng)
Using 拐杖 in sentences is straightforward, as it typically functions as a noun representing the walking aid. You'll often find it appearing in contexts related to health, aging, or physical recovery. Let's explore various sentence structures and scenarios where this word fits naturally.
The most common way to use 拐杖 is as the object of a verb related to using or needing it. For example, one might 'use' (使用 shǐyòng), 'hold' (拿着 názhe), or 'walk with' (拄着 zhǔzhe) a 拐杖. The verb 拄 (zhǔ) specifically means 'to lean on' or 'to support oneself with,' making it a very fitting verb for using a 拐杖.
- Basic Usage
- Subject + Verb + 拐杖 (e.g., 他需要一个拐杖。 Tā xūyào yīgè guǎizhàng. He needs a crutch.)
- With 拄 (zhǔ)
- Subject + 拄着 + 拐杖 (e.g., 老爷爷拄着拐杖散步。 Lǎo yéye zhǔzhe guǎizhàng sànbù. The old grandpa walks with a crutch.)
- Describing Properties
- Adjective + 的 + 拐杖 (e.g., 这是一个很轻的拐杖。 Zhè shì yīgè hěn qīng de guǎizhàng. This is a very light crutch.)
医生建议他出院后使用拐杖来帮助行走。
Consider sentences that express the need for support. Phrases like 'need a crutch' (需要拐杖 xūyào guǎizhàng) or 'use a crutch' (使用拐杖 shǐyòng guǎizhàng) are very common. You can also describe the condition that necessitates the use of a 拐杖, such as 'injured leg' (腿受伤了 tuǐ shòushāng le) or 'difficulty walking' (走路困难 zǒulù kùnnán).
When discussing the physical properties of a 拐杖, you can use descriptive adjectives. For instance, 'a sturdy crutch' (结实的拐杖 jiēshi de guǎizhàng), 'an adjustable crutch' (可调节的拐杖 kě tiáojié de guǎizhàng), or 'a comfortable crutch' (舒适的拐杖 shūshì de guǎizhàng). This allows for more detailed descriptions in your conversations or writing.
Here are a few more examples to illustrate:
- 他摔倒后，一条腿骨折了，需要用拐杖。 Tā shuāidǎo hòu, yī tiáo tuǐ gǔzhé le, xūyào yòng guǎizhàng. After he fell, his leg was fractured, and he needed to use a crutch.
- 这家医院提供各种类型的拐杖供病人选择。 Zhè jiā yīyuàn tígōng gèzhǒng lèixíng de guǎizhàng gōng bìngrén xuǎnzé. This hospital provides various types of crutches for patients to choose from.
- 请帮我把那个拐杖拿过来，我站起来需要它。 Qǐng bāng wǒ bǎ nàgè guǎizhàng ná guòlái, wǒ zhàn qǐlái xūyào tā. Please help me get that crutch, I need it to stand up.
- 她的拐杖是她祖父送给她的生日礼物。 Tā de guǎizhàng shì tā zǔfù sòng gěi tā de shēngrì lǐwù. Her crutch was a birthday gift from her grandfather.
Mastering these sentence patterns will enable you to confidently discuss the use of 拐杖 in various contexts, from personal health updates to descriptions of assistive devices.
Real-World Encounters with 拐杖 (guǎizhàng)
The word 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) is most commonly heard and seen in environments and discussions related to healthcare, elderly care, rehabilitation, and personal mobility. Recognizing these contexts will help you anticipate its usage and understand its significance.
Hospitals and rehabilitation centers are prime locations for encountering 拐杖. Doctors, nurses, and physical therapists will frequently use the term when discussing a patient's recovery plan, demonstrating how to use a 拐杖, or prescribing one. You might hear them say things like, “出院后，你需要使用拐杖。” (Chūyuàn hòu, nǐ xūyào shǐyòng guǎizhàng. - After discharge, you will need to use a crutch.) or “这个拐杖的高度需要根据你的身高来调节。” (Zhège guǎizhàng de gāodù xūyào gēnjù nǐ de shēngāo lái tiáojié. - The height of this crutch needs to be adjusted according to your height.)
- Medical Settings
- Hospitals, clinics, physical therapy sessions, doctor's consultations.
- Elderly Care
- Nursing homes, assisted living facilities, family discussions about elderly relatives.
- Retail Environments
- Pharmacies, medical supply stores, department stores with health sections.
我在药店看到很多种拐杖，有木头的，也有金属的。
You'll also hear 拐杖 in everyday conversations, particularly among family members discussing the needs of older relatives. For example, a child might say to their parent, “妈妈，我应该给爷爷买一个新拐杖吗？” (Māmā, wǒ yīnggāi gěi yéye mǎi yīgè xīn guǎizhàng ma? - Mom, should I buy Grandpa a new crutch?). This indicates the word is part of common family discussions about well-being.
Medical supply stores and pharmacies are places where you might see 拐杖 displayed and hear staff discussing them with customers. They might ask, “您需要哪种拐杖？是单拐还是双拐？” (Nín xūyào nǎ zhǒng guǎizhàng? Shì dān guǎi háishì shuāng guǎi? - What kind of crutch do you need? A single crutch or a pair of crutches?). This highlights the practical, consumer-oriented usage of the word.
In news reports or documentaries focusing on health, aging populations, or accessibility, 拐杖 might also appear. For instance, a report on the challenges faced by the elderly might feature scenes of people using 拐杖 and include the term in its narration or captions.
Finally, in less formal settings, if someone has a temporary injury, they might casually mention needing a 拐杖. For example, after twisting an ankle, someone might say, “我得去买个拐杖，走起路来太疼了。” (Wǒ děi qù mǎi gè guǎizhàng, zǒu qǐlù lái tài téng le. - I need to go buy a crutch, it hurts too much to walk.)
Avoiding Pitfalls: Common Mistakes with 拐杖 (guǎizhàng)
While 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) is a fairly straightforward noun, learners can sometimes make mistakes related to its usage, pronunciation, or context. Being aware of these common errors can help you use the word more accurately and confidently.
One potential area of confusion is with similar-sounding words or words that describe related objects. For instance, confusing 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) with 拐骗 (guǎipiàn - to abduct or swindle) is a pronunciation mistake that can lead to humorous or problematic misunderstandings. The tones are different (guǎizhàng vs. guǎipiàn), and the second character is entirely different, but learners might mix them up if not careful with pronunciation.
- Pronunciation Errors
- Confusing the tones or sounds with similar-sounding words like 拐骗 (guǎipiàn).
- Overgeneralization
- Using 拐杖 to describe any kind of stick or pole, rather than specifically a walking aid.
- Incorrect Verb Usage
- Using verbs that don't fit the context of 'using a crutch,' like simply saying '拿着拐杖' (názhe guǎizhàng - holding a crutch) when '拄着拐杖' (zhǔzhe guǎizhàng - leaning on/using a crutch) is more appropriate.
Mistake: 他用拐杖打人。
Correct: 他用棍子打人。
Another common mistake is overgeneralizing the meaning of 拐杖. While it is a type of stick, it specifically refers to a walking aid. Using 拐杖 to describe a flagpole, a hockey stick, or a simple stick for poking would be incorrect. For these, you would use words like 旗杆 (qígān - flagpole), 冰球杆 (bīngqiú gān - hockey stick), or just 棍子 (gùnzi - stick).
Incorrect verb choice can also be an issue. While holding a 拐杖 (拿着拐杖) is possible, the more descriptive and common verb when referring to its function is 拄 (zhǔ), meaning 'to lean on for support.' Saying someone '拄着拐杖' is more precise than just '拿着拐杖' when describing their mobility.
Finally, some learners might forget the measure word. While not strictly a 'mistake' in understanding the word, using it without a measure word in sentences like 'He needs a 拐杖' can sound unnatural. Remember to use measure words like '个' (gè) or '副' (fù) as appropriate: '他需要一个拐杖' (Tā xūyào yīgè guǎizhàng) or '他需要一副拐杖' (Tā xūyào yī fù guǎizhàng).
By paying attention to pronunciation, the specific meaning of 'walking aid,' appropriate verbs, and correct measure words, you can avoid these common mistakes and use 拐杖 effectively.
Exploring Nuances: Words Similar to 拐杖 (guǎizhàng)
While 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) is the most common and direct term for a walking stick or crutch, there are other words and phrases in Chinese that refer to similar objects or concepts, each with its own nuances and specific usage.
One very similar term is **手杖 (shǒuzhàng)**. Both 拐杖 and 手杖 refer to a walking stick. However, 手杖 can sometimes imply a more general 'handheld stick,' which might include decorative or more formal walking sticks used by gentlemen in the past, not necessarily for significant medical support. 拐杖 often carries a stronger connotation of necessity due to physical impairment.
- 拐杖 (guǎizhàng)
- Primarily refers to a crutch or walking stick used for medical or age-related support. Implies necessity and functional assistance.
- 手杖 (shǒuzhàng)
- A broader term for a walking stick. Can include functional crutches but also more elegant or decorative canes. Sometimes used for light support or as an accessory.
- 文明杖 (wénmíngzhàng)
- Literally 'civilized stick.' This term is somewhat archaic and refers to a fashionable walking cane, often associated with gentlemen or formal occasions in older times. It emphasizes style and status over functional need.
- 棍子 (gùnzi)
- A general term for a stick, rod, or club. It does not imply any specific function like walking support and is often used for more general purposes, including as a tool or weapon.
老奶奶用拐杖，而老爷爷有时会用一根手杖散步。
Another related term is **文明杖 (wénmíngzhàng)**. This term literally translates to 'civilized stick' and refers to a more formal walking cane, often associated with elegance and social status rather than medical necessity. It's a term you might encounter in historical contexts or literature describing a gentleman's accessory.
A more general term for any stick is **棍子 (gùnzi)**. This word is much broader and can refer to a stick used for various purposes – as a tool, a weapon, or simply a piece of wood. It does not carry the specific meaning of a walking aid that 拐杖 does.
In specific medical contexts, you might also hear terms referring to different types of crutches, such as **腋下拐杖 (yèxià guǎizhàng)** for underarm crutches or **前臂拐杖 (qiánbì guǎizhàng)** for forearm crutches. These are more technical terms used by healthcare professionals.
Understanding these distinctions allows you to choose the most precise word for the situation, whether you are discussing a medical necessity, a fashion accessory, or a general piece of wood.
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
The character 杖 (zhàng) itself is a pictograph representing a stick or staff. Over time, it became the standard character for various types of sticks, including walking sticks. The character 拐 (guǎi) has evolved to mean 'to turn' or 'to bend,' but its original semantic connection to 'support' or 'guidance' might be reflected in its use here.
Guide de prononciation
- Mispronouncing the tones, especially the third tone on 'guǎi' and the fourth tone on 'zhàng'.
- Confusing the 'zh' sound with 'z' or 'j'.
- Not differentiating between the tones of 拐 (guǎi) and 杖 (zhàng).
Niveau de difficulté
The word itself is straightforward. Difficulty in reading comes from understanding the context in which it's used, which often relates to health, aging, or injury, requiring some background knowledge.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Using Measure Words
拐杖 is a countable noun. The common measure word is '个' (gè), as in '一个拐杖' (one crutch). For a pair of crutches (like underarm crutches), '副' (fù) is used: '一副拐杖'. Example: 他需要一副拐杖 (Tā xūyào yī fù guǎizhàng).
Verb '拄' (zhǔ)
This verb specifically means 'to lean on' or 'to support oneself with' a stick or crutch. It's more descriptive than simply 'use' (使用 shǐyòng). Example: 老人拄着拐杖走路 (Lǎo rén zhǔzhe guǎizhàng zǒulù - The old person walks leaning on a crutch).
Using '的' (de) for Adjective Modification
Adjectives describing the 拐杖 are typically placed before it, connected by '的'. Example: 这是一个舒适的拐杖 (Zhè shì yīgè shūshì de guǎizhàng - This is a comfortable crutch).
Expressing Need with '需要' (xūyào)
'需要' means 'to need'. Example: 他需要一个拐杖 (Tā xūyào yīgè guǎizhàng - He needs a crutch).
Connecting Cause and Effect with '所以' (suǒyǐ) or '因为' (yīnwèi)
因为腿受伤了，所以他需要拐杖 (Yīnwèi tuǐ shòushāng le, suǒyǐ tā xūyào guǎizhàng - Because his leg was injured, he needs a crutch).
Exemples par niveau
老人用拐杖。
The old person uses a crutch.
Simple subject-verb-object structure.
他需要一个拐杖。
He needs a crutch.
Showing possession/need with '需要'.
这是我的拐杖。
This is my crutch.
Simple identification with '这是'.
拐杖在那边。
The crutch is over there.
Indicating location with '在那边'.
请给我拐杖。
Please give me the crutch.
Making a simple request with '请'.
他拿着拐杖。
He is holding a crutch.
Using '拿着' for 'holding'.
这个拐杖很长。
This crutch is very long.
Describing length with '很长'.
我看见拐杖。
I see a crutch.
Using '看见' for 'to see'.
奶奶走路时需要拄着拐杖。
Grandma needs to use a crutch when walking.
Using '拄着' (zhǔzhe) for 'to lean on/use for support'.
他的腿受伤了，所以他买了一个拐杖。
His leg was injured, so he bought a crutch.
Connecting cause and effect with '所以'.
在医院里，我看到很多人使用拐杖。
In the hospital, I saw many people using crutches.
Using '使用' (shǐyòng) for 'to use'.
这个拐杖可以调节高度。
This crutch's height can be adjusted.
Using passive voice structure with '可以'.
请帮我把拐杖拿到桌子旁边。
Please help me bring the crutch over to the table.
Requesting help with '请帮我'.
他摔倒了，幸运的是，拐杖没有坏。
He fell down, luckily the crutch wasn't broken.
Expressing luck with '幸运的是'.
这种拐杖非常轻便，适合老年人。
This type of crutch is very light and portable, suitable for the elderly.
Using adjectives like '轻便' (qīngbiàn) and '适合' (shìhé).
我需要一个拐杖来帮助我走路。
I need a crutch to help me walk.
Using '来' (lái) to indicate purpose.
医生建议他出院后使用一副拐杖。
The doctor advised him to use a pair of crutches after being discharged from the hospital.
Using the measure word '副' (fù) for a pair of crutches.
由于年事已高，她走路时总是离不开拐杖。
Due to her advanced age, she can never be without her crutch when walking.
Using '由于' (yóuyú) for 'due to' and '离不开' (lí bù kāi) for 'cannot do without'.
这个拐杖的设计非常人性化，握起来很舒服。
The design of this crutch is very user-friendly; it's comfortable to hold.
Using descriptive adjectives like '人性化' (rénxìnghuà) and '舒服' (shūfu).
他正在学习如何正确地使用拐杖，以加快康复进程。
He is learning how to use crutches correctly to speed up his recovery process.
Using '如何' (rúhé) for 'how' and '以' (yǐ) for 'in order to'.
她不小心摔倒，导致手腕骨折，现在需要拄着拐杖。
She accidentally fell and fractured her wrist, and now needs to use a crutch.
Using '导致' (dǎozhì) for 'to lead to/cause'.
商店里陈列着各种材质和款式的拐杖，以满足不同顾客的需求。
The store displays crutches of various materials and styles to meet the needs of different customers.
Using '陈列着' (chénlièzhe) for 'is displayed' and '以满足' (yǐ mǎnzú) for 'to satisfy'.
经过一段时间的练习，他已经能够熟练地使用拐杖独立行走。
After a period of practice, he can now skillfully walk independently using crutches.
Using '熟练地' (shúliàn de) for 'skillfully' and '独立行走' (dúlì xíngzǒu) for 'walk independently'.
对于行动不便的老人来说，一根合适的拐杖是他们生活中不可或缺的辅助工具。
For the elderly with mobility issues, a suitable crutch is an indispensable assistive tool in their lives.
Using phrases like '行动不便' (xíngdòng bù biàn) and '不可或缺' (bùkě huò quē).
尽管拐杖提供了必要的支撑，但长距离行走仍然让他的旧伤感到不适。
Although the crutch provides necessary support, walking long distances still makes his old injury feel uncomfortable.
Using '尽管' (jǐnguǎn) for 'although' and '不适' (bùshì) for 'discomfort'.
康复师指导他如何调整拐杖的长度，以确保最佳的步态和平衡。
The physical therapist guided him on how to adjust the length of the crutch to ensure optimal gait and balance.
Using '指导' (zhǐdǎo) for 'to guide' and '确保' (quèbǎo) for 'to ensure'.
新型的碳纤维拐杖不仅轻便耐用，而且外观时尚，深受年轻用户的喜爱。
New carbon fiber crutches are not only lightweight and durable but also stylish in appearance, highly favored by younger users.
Using comparative structures and descriptive adjectives like '耐用' (nàiyòng) and '时尚' (shíshàng).
由于一次意外事故，他不得不暂时依赖拐杖来维持日常生活。
Due to an accidental incident, he had to temporarily rely on crutches to maintain his daily life.
Using '由于' (yóuyú) for cause and '依赖' (yīlài) for 'to rely on'.
在公共场所，看到有人使用拐杖时，我们应给予理解和尊重，而非投以异样的目光。
In public places, when we see people using crutches, we should give understanding and respect, rather than casting strange glances.
Using imperative mood and contrasting actions '而非' (ér fēi).
经过精心设计，这款拐杖的底部采用了防滑橡胶垫，大大降低了在湿滑地面上跌倒的风险。
After careful design, the bottom of this crutch uses an anti-slip rubber pad, greatly reducing the risk of falling on slippery surfaces.
Using elaborate descriptions and phrases like '精心设计' (jīngxīn shèjì) and '大大降低' (dàdà jiàngdī).
虽然他行动不便，但凭借着拐杖的辅助，他依然积极参与社区活动。
Although he has mobility issues, with the help of his crutch, he still actively participates in community activities.
Using '凭借着' (píngjièzhe) for 'relying on' and '依然' (yīrán) for 'still'.
许多老年人选择使用多功能拐杖，集成了照明、警报和座椅等功能，以提升生活品质。
Many elderly people choose to use multi-functional crutches, integrating functions such as lighting, alarm, and seating, to improve their quality of life.
Using complex sentence structures and terms like '多功能' (duōgōngnéng) and '提升生活品质' (tíshēng shēnghuó pǐnzhì).
尽管现代医学取得了长足进步，但对于某些慢性病患者而言，拐杖依然是他们维持独立生活不可或缺的辅助器械。
Despite the significant advancements in modern medicine, for patients with certain chronic diseases, crutches remain an indispensable assistive device for maintaining independent living.
Sophisticated vocabulary ('长足进步', '慢性病', '辅助器械') and complex sentence structure.
这款人体工学设计的拐杖，不仅最大程度地减轻了用户肩部和手腕的压力，还通过巧妙的重心分配，优化了行走时的稳定性。
This ergonomically designed crutch not only minimizes pressure on the user's shoulders and wrists to the greatest extent but also optimizes walking stability through clever weight distribution.
Technical terms ('人体工学', '重心分配') and nuanced descriptions.
在一些文化中，拐杖不仅仅是行动不便者的工具，更被视为一种身份的象征或精神的寄托。
In some cultures, crutches are not just tools for those with mobility issues, but are also seen as symbols of status or spiritual support.
Exploring cultural nuances and abstract concepts ('身份的象征', '精神的寄托').
面对日益增长的老龄化社会，如何提供更便捷、舒适且经济实惠的拐杖解决方案，已成为公共卫生领域的重要课题。
Facing an increasingly aging society, how to provide more convenient, comfortable, and affordable crutch solutions has become an important issue in the field of public health.
Addressing societal issues and policy implications ('老龄化社会', '公共卫生领域').
他以一种近乎优雅的姿态拄着拐杖，仿佛那不是负担，而是他身体延伸的一部分，帮助他从容地穿梭于人群。
He held his crutch with an almost elegant posture, as if it were not a burden but an extension of his body, helping him navigate through crowds with ease.
Figurative language ('近乎优雅的姿态', '身体延伸的一部分') and sophisticated description.
尽管科技日新月异，但对于那些因各种原因无法承受高科技假肢的群体来说，传统的拐杖依然是他们最可靠的出行伙伴。
Although technology is rapidly advancing, for those who cannot afford high-tech prosthetics for various reasons, traditional crutches remain their most reliable travel companions.
Contrasting technological advancements with practical needs ('科技日新月异', '高科技假肢').
在某些仪式性的场合，特定的拐杖可能承载着历史的传承和文化的象征意义，其本身就具有重要的价值。
In certain ceremonial occasions, specific crutches may carry historical heritage and cultural symbolic meaning, possessing significant value in themselves.
Discussing ceremonial use and symbolic value ('仪式性的场合', '历史的传承', '象征意义').
通过对不同拐杖材料的力学性能进行分析，研究人员旨在开发出既轻巧又具备卓越承重能力的创新型辅助设备。
By analyzing the mechanical properties of different crutch materials, researchers aim to develop innovative assistive devices that are both lightweight and possess excellent load-bearing capacity.
Technical and academic language ('力学性能', '承重能力', '创新型辅助设备').
历经沧桑的老者，其手中紧握的拐杖，仿佛凝聚了岁月的风霜与人生的智慧，成为他与世界沟通的无声媒介。
The crutch tightly held by the elder, who has experienced vicissitudes, seems to embody the trials of time and the wisdom of life, becoming a silent medium through which he communicates with the world.
Highly figurative and literary language ('历经沧桑', '凝聚了岁月的风霜与人生的智慧', '无声媒介').
该智能拐杖系统通过集成生物传感器和运动捕捉技术，能够实时监测用户步态，并根据其生理状况动态调整支撑力度，旨在最大限度地规避潜在的跌倒风险。
This intelligent crutch system, by integrating biosensors and motion capture technology, can monitor the user's gait in real-time and dynamically adjust the support force according to their physiological condition, aiming to minimize potential fall risks to the greatest extent.
Highly technical and scientific vocabulary ('生物传感器', '运动捕捉技术', '动态调整', '规避潜在的跌倒风险').
在某些非洲部落的仪式中，首领所持的拐杖并非仅仅是权力的象征，更是连接祖先灵界与现世的神秘媒介，承载着部落的信仰与历史。
In the rituals of certain African tribes, the crutch held by the chief is not merely a symbol of power, but rather a mystical medium connecting the spiritual realm of ancestors with the present world, bearing the tribe's beliefs and history.
Anthropological and spiritual context ('祖先灵界', '神秘媒介', '部落的信仰').
对于那些因罕见疾病而导致肢体功能严重受损的个体而言，定制化的高强度复合材料拐杖，是他们重拾部分行动自由、参与社会生活的关键支撑。
For individuals whose limb function is severely impaired due to rare diseases, custom-made high-strength composite material crutches are the key support for them to regain partial freedom of movement and participate in social life.
Medical and technical specificity ('罕见疾病', '肢体功能严重受损', '高强度复合材料', '重拾部分行动自由').
他以一种近乎超然的审视目光打量着手中的拐杖，那并非寻常的木质器具，而是他多年来与病痛抗争的见证，是无声诉说着坚韧与不屈的史诗。
He appraised the crutch in his hand with an almost detached, scrutinizing gaze; it was not an ordinary wooden instrument, but a testament to his years of battling illness, an epic silently narrating resilience and indomitability.
Deeply metaphorical and philosophical language ('超然的审视目光', '与病痛抗争的见证', '坚韧与不屈的史诗').
随着仿生学研究的深入，未来可能出现能够模拟人体骨骼和肌肉功能的智能拐杖，彻底革新辅助行走设备的形态与效能。
With the deepening research in bionics, intelligent crutches that can simulate the functions of human bones and muscles may emerge in the future, completely revolutionizing the form and efficacy of assistive walking devices.
Futuristic concepts and advanced scientific terminology ('仿生学', '模拟人体骨骼和肌肉功能', '革新辅助行走设备的形态与效能').
在某些古代文明的壁画和雕塑中，带有复杂纹饰的拐杖被描绘成祭司或首领的权杖，其象征意义远超其实际的支撑功能。
In the murals and sculptures of certain ancient civilizations, crutches with intricate ornamentation are depicted as the scepters of priests or leaders, their symbolic meaning far exceeding their practical supporting function.
Historical and archeological context ('古代文明', '壁画和雕塑', '祭司或首领的权杖', '象征意义远超').
他将那根饱经风霜的拐杖轻轻放在地上，仿佛在向一位忠诚的老友告别，那根拐杖承载了他无数次跌倒又重新站起的记忆。
He gently placed the weathered crutch on the ground, as if bidding farewell to a loyal old friend; that crutch carried countless memories of him falling and getting back up.
Poetic and evocative language ('饱经风霜', '忠诚的老友告别', '无数次跌倒又重新站起的记忆').
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— To lean on or use a crutch for support while walking.
他摔断了腿，现在每天都得拄着拐杖。
— To require a crutch due to difficulty in walking.
老人家年纪大了，走路会觉得吃力，需要拐杖。
— To utilize a crutch for assistance.
医生建议他出院后使用拐杖进行康复。
— To purchase a pair of crutches.
他去医疗用品店买了一副新的拐杖。
— The height of the crutch.
请帮我调节一下拐杖的高度，它太高了。
— A single crutch.
他只需要一个拐杖就能走得很稳。
— The crutch is broken.
小心点，你的拐杖好像要坏了。
— The crutch has fallen.
我的拐杖掉在地上了，请帮我捡起来。
— The handle of the crutch.
这个拐杖的把手设计得很符合人体工学。
— The bottom part of the crutch.
拐杖的底部应该有防滑垫。
Souvent confondu avec
This is a common pronunciation confusion. 拐骗 means 'to abduct' or 'to swindle.' The tones are different (guǎi3 zhàng4 vs. guǎi3 piàn4), and the second character is entirely different. Always check the context.
棍子 is a general term for 'stick.' While a 拐杖 is a type of 棍子, not all 棍子 are 拐杖. Use 拐杖 specifically for walking support.
手杖 is very similar and often interchangeable with 拐杖. However, 手杖 can sometimes imply a more general walking stick, perhaps less medically necessary than 拐杖.
Facile à confondre
Both refer to walking sticks and are often used interchangeably in casual conversation.
拐杖 (guǎizhàng) more strongly implies a medical necessity or support for age-related mobility issues. 手杖 (shǒuzhàng) can be a more general term for any walking stick, including decorative or accessory ones, and might be used for lighter support.
老奶奶需要一根<mark>拐杖</mark>来帮助她走路。 Lǎo nǎinai xūyào yī gēn guǎizhàng lái bāngzhù tā zǒulù. The old grandmother needs a crutch to help her walk. / 他喜欢带着一根<mark>手杖</mark>去公园散步。 Tā xǐhuān dàizhe yī gēn shǒuzhàng qù gōngyuán sànbù. He likes to take a walking stick to the park for a stroll.
Both are types of sticks.
拐杖 (guǎizhàng) is specifically a walking aid designed for support and balance. 棍子 (gùnzi) is a generic term for any stick, rod, or club, and can be used for many purposes unrelated to walking support (e.g., hitting, poking, building).
他用<mark>拐杖</mark>支撑身体。 Tā yòng guǎizhàng zhīchēng shēntǐ. He uses a crutch to support his body. / 他用一根<mark>棍子</mark>打跑了狗。 Tā yòng yī gēn gùnzi dǎpǎo le gǒu. He used a stick to scare away the dog.
Both are types of mobility aids.
助行器 (zhùxíngqì) is a broad category that includes various walking aids like walkers, wheelchairs, and crutches. 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) is a specific type of 助行器, usually referring to a single stick or a pair of underarm/forearm crutches.
医院为行动不便的病人提供了多种<mark>助行器</mark>，包括<mark>拐杖</mark>和助行架。 Yīyuàn wèi xíngdòng bù biàn de bìngrén tígōngle duō zhǒng zhùxíngqì, bāokuò guǎizhàng hé zhùxíngjià. The hospital provided various walking aids for patients with mobility issues, including crutches and walkers.
Structures de phrases
Subject + (Verb) + 拐杖
老人 + 拿 + 拐杖。 Lǎo rén ná guǎizhàng. Old person + take + crutch.
这是 + 拐杖
这是 + 拐杖。 Zhè shì guǎizhàng. This is + crutch.
Subject + 拄着 + 拐杖
奶奶 + 拄着 + 拐杖。 Nǎinai zhǔzhe guǎizhàng. Grandma + leaning on + crutch.
Subject + 需要 + (一个) + 拐杖
他 + 需要 + 一个 + 拐杖。 Tā xūyào yīgè guǎizhàng. He + needs + one + crutch.
因为/由于 + Reason, + 所以/因此 + Result
因为腿受伤了，所以他需要拐杖。 Yīnwèi tuǐ shòushāng le, suǒyǐ tā xūyào guǎizhàng. Because leg injured, therefore he needs crutch.
Adjective + 的 + 拐杖
这根 + 轻便的 + 拐杖 + 很适合我。 Zhè gēn qīngbiàn de guǎizhàng hěn shìhé wǒ. This + lightweight + crutch + very suitable for me.
尽管 + Clause 1, + 但是/然而 + Clause 2
尽管拐杖提供了支撑，但是长距离行走仍然困难。 Jǐnguǎn guǎizhàng tígōngle zhīchēng, dànshì cháng jùlí xíngzǒu réngrán kùnnán. Although crutch provides support, but long distance walking still difficult.
Subject + 凭借 + (工具/帮助) + 来 + Verb Phrase
他凭借拐杖来辅助行走。 Tā píngjiè guǎizhàng lái fǔzhù xíngzǒu. He relies on crutch to assist walking.
Famille de mots
Noms
Verbes
Adjectifs
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
Common
-
Confusing 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) with 棍子 (gùnzi) for non-walking aid contexts.
→
Use 拐杖 only for walking sticks/crutches. Use 棍子 for general sticks.
While a 拐杖 is a type of stick, it has a specific function. Calling a baseball bat a 拐杖 would be incorrect. Context is crucial: if it's for walking support, use 拐杖; otherwise, use 棍子 or another specific term.
-
Incorrect tone for 拐 (guǎi) or 杖 (zhàng).
→
Pronounce 拐 as guǎi (3rd tone) and 杖 as zhàng (4th tone).
Mispronouncing the tones can lead to confusion, especially with words that have similar sounds but different meanings. Practicing the tones repeatedly is essential.
-
Forgetting the measure word or using the wrong one.
→
Use '一个拐杖' (yīgè guǎizhàng) for a single crutch or '一副拐杖' (yī fù guǎizhàng) for a pair.
In Chinese, countable nouns often require measure words. Using the correct measure word makes the sentence sound natural and grammatically correct.
-
Using a general verb like '拿' (ná - to hold) instead of the more specific '拄' (zhǔ - to lean on/support oneself with).
→
Use '拄着拐杖' (zhǔzhe guǎizhàng) when describing someone actively using the crutch for support.
'拄着' is more descriptive and accurately conveys the function of a crutch. While '拿' is not strictly wrong, '拄' paints a clearer picture.
-
Confusing 拐杖 with 拐骗 (guǎipiàn - to abduct/swindle).
→
Pay close attention to the second character and the tones. 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) vs. 拐骗 (guǎipiàn).
This is a phonetic confusion. The context of the conversation will usually make it clear, but accurate pronunciation is key to avoiding misunderstandings.
Astuces
Mastering the Tones
Pay close attention to the tones of 拐 (guǎi - 3rd tone, falling-rising) and 杖 (zhàng - 4th tone, falling). Practicing saying them together as 'guǎi zhàng' will help solidify the correct pronunciation. You can also try to link the third tone to a 'dip' in your voice and the fourth tone to a sharp 'drop'.
Using the Verb 拄 (zhǔ)
The verb 拄 (zhǔ) is very specific to using a crutch or stick for support. Instead of just saying 'he uses a crutch,' say '他拄着拐杖' (tā zhǔzhe guǎizhàng). This adds a layer of precision to your description.
Visual Association
Picture an elderly person walking with a stick. Imagine them needing to 'turn' (拐 guǎi) a corner and using the 'stick' (杖 zhàng) for help. This visual can be a powerful mnemonic.
Measure Words Matter
When referring to a single crutch, use '一个拐杖' (yīgè guǎizhàng). If you mean a pair of crutches (like underarm crutches), use '一副拐杖' (yī fù guǎizhàng). This is a common point of accuracy in Chinese.
Respectful Language
In Chinese culture, elders are highly respected. Using 拐杖 is a practical necessity for many, and the word itself is neutral. When discussing it, maintain a respectful tone, focusing on the support and assistance it provides.
Sentence Building
Try creating sentences describing different scenarios: someone recovering from an injury, an elderly person walking in the park, or someone buying a new crutch. This active practice will solidify your understanding and usage.
Medical Contexts
You'll often hear 拐杖 in hospitals, clinics, or discussions about health and recovery. Familiarize yourself with phrases like '需要拐杖' (need a crutch) and '使用拐杖' (use a crutch).
Distinguishing from Similar Words
Remember that 拐杖 is for walking support. 棍子 (gùnzi) is a general stick, and 手杖 (shǒuzhàng) can be similar but sometimes implies a less medically necessary cane. Precision in word choice is key.
Real-Life Scenarios
Imagine you meet someone using a 拐杖. You could politely ask, '您的拐杖看起来很结实。' (Nín de guǎizhàng kàn qǐlái hěn jiēshi. - Your crutch looks very sturdy.) This shows interest and allows you to practice using the word.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine an old person (老 Lǎo) who needs to 'turn' (拐 guǎi) a corner, and they are holding a 'stick' (杖 zhàng) to help them. So, 'old person turning with a stick' helps remember 拐杖.
Association visuelle
Picture an elderly person, perhaps with a slightly stooped posture, confidently walking with a sturdy wooden walking stick. Focus on the image of the stick providing stability and support.
Word Web
Défi
Try to describe a scenario where someone might need a 拐杖, using at least three of the related words from the word web. For example: 'Because of his leg injury, he needed a 拐杖 for support and to maintain balance while walking.'
Origine du mot
The word 拐杖 (guǎizhàng) is a compound word formed from two characters: 拐 (guǎi) and 杖 (zhàng). The character 杖 (zhàng) has been used for 'stick' or 'cane' for a very long time in Chinese, appearing in ancient texts. The character 拐 (guǎi) originally meant 'to turn' or 'to bend.' The combination suggests a stick that helps one 'turn' or navigate, implying support and ease of movement. It's a descriptive term that directly relates to the function of the object.
Sens originel : A stick used for support and to help navigate or 'turn' difficult paths.
Sino-TibetanContexte culturel
The term 拐杖 is generally neutral. However, when discussing someone's need for a 拐杖, it's important to be sensitive and avoid making assumptions or drawing attention to their condition in an intrusive way. Focus on the practicality and necessity of the aid.
In English-speaking cultures, terms like 'crutch,' 'walking stick,' and 'cane' are used. The social perception is similar – these are seen as necessary aids for those with mobility issues, and there's generally no stigma attached.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Hospital and Medical Settings
- 医生建议使用拐杖。
- 请帮我拿一下拐杖。
- 拐杖的高度需要调整。
- 出院后需要带拐杖。
Discussions about Elderly Family Members
- 爷爷走路需要拐杖。
- 给奶奶买根新拐杖。
- 她的拐杖很轻便。
- 老人家离不开拐杖。
Shopping for Mobility Aids
- 这里有卖拐杖吗？
- 我想看看这种拐杖。
- 这种拐杖多少钱？
- 哪种拐杖比较适合我？
Describing Physical Conditions
- 腿受伤了，需要拐杖。
- 脚踝扭伤，暂时用拐杖。
- 他因为生病，走路得拄拐杖。
- 行动不便，拐杖是必需品。
General Conversation about Daily Life
- 小心点，别摔了，拿着拐杖。
- 我的拐杖找不到了。
- 这根拐杖有点重。
- 谢谢你帮我拿拐杖。
Amorces de conversation
"Have you ever seen someone using a 拐杖 in real life? What was the situation?"
"If you had to use a 拐杖 for a while, what features would you look for in one?"
"Do you think 拐杖 are becoming less common due to better medical treatments, or still widely used?"
"Imagine you are helping an elderly relative choose a new 拐杖. What advice would you give them?"
"What are some of the challenges people face when they need to use a 拐杖 regularly?"
Sujets d'écriture
Describe a time you or someone you know needed to use a 拐杖. What was the experience like?
Reflect on the importance of assistive devices like 拐杖 in allowing people to maintain independence and quality of life.
Imagine a future where technology has advanced to the point where 拐杖 are no longer needed. What might that world look like?
Write a short story where a 拐杖 plays a significant role in the plot or character development.
Consider the cultural attitudes towards aging and disability in different societies, and how that might influence the perception of using a 拐杖.
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsThe most common and direct word for 'crutch' or 'walking stick' in Chinese is 拐杖 (guǎizhàng). It's widely understood and used in most contexts related to mobility assistance.
Yes, while 拐杖 is the general term, specific types can be mentioned. For example, 腋下拐杖 (yèxià guǎizhàng) refers to underarm crutches, and 前臂拐杖 (qiánbì guǎizhàng) refers to forearm crutches. You might also hear 手杖 (shǒuzhàng) for a more general walking stick.
People use 拐杖 when they have difficulty walking due to reasons such as age, leg injuries, recovery from surgery, or chronic conditions that affect their balance and stability.
拐杖 is a neutral word and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. Its usage is primarily determined by the situation, such as a medical consultation (formal) or a family discussion (informal).
While the primary meaning is a physical walking aid, like in English, the concept of 'support' can sometimes be implied metaphorically. However, it's not as common as in English. For direct metaphorical use of 'support,' other words are usually preferred.
拐杖 (guǎizhàng) usually implies a necessity for support due to medical reasons or age. 手杖 (shǒuzhàng) is a broader term for a walking stick, which can include more decorative or fashionable canes that might not be strictly for medical support.
For a pair of crutches (like the underarm kind), the measure word '副' (fù) is used. So, you would say '一副拐杖' (yī fù guǎizhàng).
The verb 拄 (zhǔ), meaning 'to lean on' or 'to support oneself with,' is very commonly used with 拐杖. For example, '他拄着拐杖' (tā zhǔzhe guǎizhàng - He is leaning on his crutch).
No, 拐杖 is a neutral term. In Chinese culture, respecting the elderly is important, so using a walking aid is seen as a practical necessity, not something to be ashamed of.
You can typically buy 拐杖 at pharmacies (药店 - yàodiàn), medical supply stores (医疗用品店 - yīliáo yòngpǐn diàn), and sometimes in larger department stores or online.
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Summary
拐杖 (guǎizhàng) is a walking stick or crutch used for physical support, balance, and stability, primarily by the elderly or those with injuries or mobility issues. It's a common sight in medical settings and everyday life for those who need assistance to walk safely.
- A walking stick or crutch for support.
- Used by the elderly or injured.
- Helps with balance and stability.
- Common in hospitals and among older people.
Mastering the Tones
Pay close attention to the tones of 拐 (guǎi - 3rd tone, falling-rising) and 杖 (zhàng - 4th tone, falling). Practicing saying them together as 'guǎi zhàng' will help solidify the correct pronunciation. You can also try to link the third tone to a 'dip' in your voice and the fourth tone to a sharp 'drop'.
Context is Key
Remember that 拐杖 specifically refers to a walking aid. Avoid using it for other types of sticks, like a baseball bat (棒球棍 bàngqiú gùn) or a flagpole (旗杆 qígān). Think of the function: support for walking.
Using the Verb 拄 (zhǔ)
The verb 拄 (zhǔ) is very specific to using a crutch or stick for support. Instead of just saying 'he uses a crutch,' say '他拄着拐杖' (tā zhǔzhe guǎizhàng). This adds a layer of precision to your description.
Visual Association
Picture an elderly person walking with a stick. Imagine them needing to 'turn' (拐 guǎi) a corner and using the 'stick' (杖 zhàng) for help. This visual can be a powerful mnemonic.
Exemple
老人走路时需要拄拐杖。
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