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B1 noun #4,000 le plus courant 9 min de lecture

先决条件

xiānjué tiáojiàn Top 4,000

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces 先决条件 en 30 secondes

Explication 先决条件 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '先决条件' (xiānjué tiáojiàn) is quite advanced. You can think of it as a very fancy way to say 'the thing you need first.' Imagine you want to buy a toy, but you need money first. Money is the '先决条件.' In simple Chinese, you usually just say '先' (first) and '要' (must/want). For example, '先要有钱，才能买玩具' (First must have money, then can buy toy). '先决条件' is the big, formal name for that 'first thing.' It is like a rule that says 'You cannot do Step 2 until Step 1 is finished.' Even though you might not use this word yourself yet, you might see it on signs or in school rules. Just remember: it means 'Step 1 is mandatory.' It is made of '先' (first) and '条件' (condition). So, a 'first condition.' This word helps people organize their plans and make sure everyone knows what the most important starting step is. If someone says it to you, they are being very serious about a rule.

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For A2 learners, '先决条件' is a useful word to recognize in formal notices or simple news reports. It means 'prerequisite.' A prerequisite is something that must happen before something else can happen. For example, to enter a university, you might need to pass an exam. Passing that exam is the '先决条件' for entering the university. You can see the word '条件' (tiáojiàn) inside it, which you likely already know means 'condition' or 'requirement.' The '先决' part adds the meaning of 'decided beforehand.' So it is a 'pre-decided condition.' In your daily life, you might use it when talking about your job or studies. Instead of just saying 'I need this,' you can say 'This is a prerequisite.' It makes you sound more professional. A common sentence pattern is: '[Thing A] 是 [Thing B] 的先决条件.' This means 'A is the prerequisite for B.' For example, '努力是成功的先决条件' (Effort is the prerequisite for success). It is a strong word that shows you understand the importance of order and rules.

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At the B1 level, you should begin to incorporate '先决条件' into your formal writing and presentations. This word is a key component of logical expression in Mandarin. It refers to a 'precondition' or 'prerequisite'—an essential requirement that must be satisfied before a subsequent event can occur. Unlike '条件' (condition), which can be general, '先决条件' implies a strict temporal and logical priority. In a business context, you might discuss the '先决条件' for a successful marketing campaign, such as market research. In an academic context, you might identify the '先决条件' for a scientific result. Using this word allows you to move beyond simple 'if...then' (如果...就) structures and use more sophisticated noun-based logic. For instance, '良好的沟通是解决问题的先决条件' (Good communication is the prerequisite for solving problems). Notice how the word often concludes a sentence or a clause, acting as the defining label for the necessity you've just described. It is also common to see verbs like '满足' (satisfy) or '具备' (possess) used with it, such as '满足所有先决条件' (to satisfy all prerequisites).

At the B2 level, '先决条件' becomes a standard tool for debating, analyzing, and professional reporting. You are expected to understand its nuances compared to synonyms like '前提' (premise) or '基础' (foundation). While '前提' is often used for the logical basis of an argument, '先决条件' is more frequently applied to practical requirements and situational necessities. In B2 level texts, you will encounter this word in discussions about economics, politics, and social issues. For example, '政治稳定是吸引外资的先决条件' (Political stability is a prerequisite for attracting foreign investment). You should also be comfortable using it in the plural or with modifiers, such as '必要的先决条件' (necessary prerequisites) or '基本的先决条件' (basic prerequisites). At this level, you should also pay attention to how this word is used in legalistic or semi-legalistic contexts, such as the 'conditions precedent' in a contract. It signals a high degree of formality and precision. When you use '先决条件,' you are not just stating a need; you are defining a logical dependency that structures the entire discussion.

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For C1 learners, '先决条件' is an essential term for high-level academic and professional discourse. It is used to construct rigorous logical frameworks and to dissect complex causal relationships. At this level, you should explore the philosophical implications of the word. In a C1 context, '先决条件' might be used to discuss the 'transcendental conditions' of experience or the 'structural prerequisites' of a functional society. You will find it in deep-dive editorials and scholarly articles. For instance, '言论自由是民主制度得以运作的先决条件' (Freedom of speech is the prerequisite for the functioning of a democratic system). You should also be aware of its use in complex sentence structures where multiple prerequisites are listed and prioritized. Furthermore, understand how to use it rhetorically to emphasize the absolute necessity of a point. If a speaker identifies a '先决条件,' they are often drawing a line in the sand, indicating that without this specific point, further discussion is moot. You should be able to use it fluently in both written essays and oral arguments to give your language a sense of authority and intellectual depth.

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At the C2 level, '先决条件' is handled with the precision of a native scholar or legal expert. You should understand its historical development and its place within the broader landscape of Chinese logic and rhetoric. At this level, the word is often used to challenge or redefine the boundaries of a problem. A C2 speaker might argue that what was previously considered a '先决条件' is actually a consequence, thereby flipping the logical structure of a debate. You will encounter it in the most sophisticated literature, legal codes, and philosophical treatises. For example, in a discussion on international law, one might analyze the '先决条件' for the recognition of a new state under various legal theories. The word can also be used with subtle irony or in highly abstract ways, such as discussing the 'existential prerequisites' of modern identity. You should be able to use '先决条件' to create nuanced, multi-layered arguments where you weigh different prerequisites against each other. Your mastery of this word at C2 level shows that you can navigate the most formal and intellectually demanding environments in the Chinese-speaking world, using language that is both precise and powerful.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

先决条件 en 30 secondes

Means 'prerequisite' or 'precondition' in formal contexts.
Used to describe mandatory steps in plans or logic.
Commonly found in news, law, and academic writing.
Follows the pattern '[A] 是 [B] 的先决条件'.

The term 先决条件 (xiānjué tiáojiàn) is a sophisticated noun in Mandarin Chinese that translates most accurately to 'prerequisite' or 'precondition.' It is composed of three distinct parts: xiān (先 - first), jué (决 - decide/determine), and tiáojiàn (条件 - condition). In essence, it describes a requirement that is logically or practically necessary before any subsequent action, event, or agreement can take place. It is not just a 'suggestion' or a 'plus'; it is the gatekeeper of progress.

Formal Logic: In academic or legal contexts, it refers to a necessary condition that must be satisfied to validate a contract or a logical conclusion.
Business Strategy: Used to define 'deal-breakers' or essential milestones that must be reached before investment or expansion can occur.
Social Discourse: Often used in political or social discussions to highlight foundational needs, such as 'stability' being a prerequisite for 'growth.'

相互尊重是进行任何有意义对话的先决条件。 (Mutual respect is the prerequisite for conducting any meaningful dialogue.)

When do people use this? You will rarely hear it in casual street slang or when ordering a coffee. Instead, you will encounter it in news broadcasts, corporate boardrooms, legal documents, and university lectures. It carries a weight of authority and logical rigor. If someone says something is a xiānjué tiáojiàn, they are signaling that there is no room for negotiation on that specific point until it is met. It sets the stage and defines the boundaries of possibility.

获得签证是去那个国家旅行的先决条件。 (Obtaining a visa is a precondition for traveling to that country.)

Interpersonal Usage: In deep conversations about relationships, one might say 'trust' is the prerequisite for 'love.'

The word is versatile but consistently high-register. It implies a structured way of thinking where steps must follow a specific order. By using this word, you demonstrate a high level of Chinese proficiency and a grasp of formal logical structures. It is a favorite of analysts and commentators who seek to dissect complex situations into their core requirements.

Using 先决条件 correctly requires understanding its role as a noun that often functions as a predicate or a subject in a 'Subject + 是 + Object' structure. The most common pattern is [A] 是 [B] 的先决条件, meaning '[A] is the prerequisite for [B].' This structure is clear, authoritative, and widely used in all forms of formal writing and speech.

Pattern 1: A is the prerequisite for B: Structure: [Essential Item] 是 [Goal] 的先决条件。 Example: 勤奋是成功的先决条件 (Hard work is the prerequisite for success).

充足的睡眠是保持健康的先决条件。 (Sufficient sleep is a prerequisite for maintaining health.)

Another common way to use it is as the subject of a sentence describing what needs to happen. For example, 'The prerequisite for this project is...' which in Chinese becomes 这个项目的先决条件是.... This is particularly useful in project management and planning contexts where you need to outline dependencies.

Pattern 2: The prerequisite of [X] is [Y]: Structure: [Goal] 的先决条件是 [Essential Item]。 Example: 谈判的先决条件是停火 (The prerequisite for negotiations is a ceasefire).

我们必须首先满足这些先决条件。 (We must first satisfy these prerequisites.)

You can also use verbs like 满足 (mǎnzú - to satisfy), 具备 (jùbèi - to possess), or 创造 (chuàngzào - to create) with this word. For instance, 'to satisfy the prerequisites' is 满足先决条件. This allows for more dynamic sentences beyond simple 'is' statements. In a professional setting, you might say, 'We have already possessed all the prerequisites for the launch,' which translates to 我们已经具备了发布的所有先决条件.

Verbal Pairings: 满足 (Satisfy), 具备 (Possess), 设定 (Set), 讨论 (Discuss), 忽略 (Ignore).

Finally, when listing multiple requirements, you can refer to them collectively as 一系列先决条件 (a series of prerequisites). This adds a layer of complexity and precision to your Chinese, indicating that the situation is multifaceted and requires careful preparation.

In the real world, 先决条件 appears in environments where logic, law, and high-level planning are paramount. If you are watching CCTV News (Xinwen Lianbo), you will often hear it in the context of international relations. Diplomats might state that 'recognition of sovereignty is the prerequisite for diplomatic ties.' This specific usage highlights the word's role in setting the 'ground rules' for any interaction.

和平与稳定是经济发展的先决条件。 (Peace and stability are the prerequisites for economic development.)

In the academic world, specifically in philosophy, mathematics, or science, this word is used to describe the conditions under which a theorem holds true or an experiment can be conducted. A professor might say, 'The prerequisite for this chemical reaction is a vacuum environment.' This usage is precise and technical, emphasizing that the condition is not optional but foundational to the result.

Corporate Context: During a performance review or a promotion discussion, a manager might say, 'Mastering this software is a prerequisite for the senior position.'

Legal documents and contracts are another common place to find this term. It is often used to define 'Conditions Precedent'—actions that must be performed by one party before the other party is obligated to perform theirs. If you are signing a lease or a business merger agreement in China, look for this word to understand what you must do first. It is the 'fine print' that carries the most legal weight.

支付首付款是合同生效的先决条件。 (Paying the down payment is the prerequisite for the contract to take effect.)

Educational Context: When applying for universities, certain HSK levels or specific course credits are described as '先决条件'.

Lastly, in literature and high-end journalism, writers use xiānjué tiáojiàn to add a sense of inevitability or logical necessity to their arguments. It suggests that the author has thought deeply about the causal links of the topic. If you see this word in an editorial, the author is likely building a rigorous case for why a certain policy or change is needed.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with 先决条件 is confusing it with the simpler word 条件 (tiáojiàn - condition). While all xiānjué tiáojiàn are conditions, not all conditions are prerequisites. Using '条件' makes the requirement sound like a general circumstance, whereas '先决条件' emphasizes that it must be met *before* anything else can happen. It's the difference between saying 'The weather is a factor' and 'The weather is a deal-breaker.'

Mistake 1: Misusing Register: Using '先决条件' in a casual conversation with friends, like 'Having a spoon is the prerequisite for eating this soup,' sounds overly dramatic and stiff. Use '必须' or '先要' instead.

Incorrect: 我去超市的先决条件是穿鞋。 (Correct but sounds like a legal document for putting on shoes.)

Another common error is confusing it with 前提 (qiántí - premise). While they are synonyms, 前提 is often used for logical premises in an argument or a broader 'underlying assumption,' while 先决条件 is more about a concrete requirement that needs to be satisfied. If you are talking about the 'basis' of a theory, use 前提; if you are talking about a 'requirement' for an action, use 先决条件.

Learners also struggle with the word 必要条件 (bìyào tiáojiàn - necessary condition). In logic, a 'necessary condition' is something that must be true for another thing to be true, but it doesn't necessarily trigger the result by itself. 先决条件 implies a more chronological 'first this, then that' relationship. While they overlap, 先决条件 is more common in practical planning, whereas 必要条件 is more common in mathematics and formal logic.

Mistake 2: Word Order: Putting the goal before the prerequisite without the particle '的'. It must be 'Goal 的先决条件', not 'Goal 先决条件'.

Finally, avoid using the word when the condition is optional. If you say something is a xiānjué tiáojiàn, you are saying it is non-negotiable. If you just mean 'it would be better if...', use 最好 (zuìhǎo) or 建议 (jiànyì) instead. Precision in formal Chinese is highly valued, and using this word correctly shows you understand the gravity of the requirement you are describing.

Understanding the nuances between 先决条件 and its synonyms will elevate your Chinese from 'functional' to 'articulate.' The most direct synonym is 前提 (qiántí). While both mean 'prerequisite,' 前提 is often used in the context of 'on the premise that...' (在...的前提下). It feels slightly more abstract and focuses on the 'background' necessity rather than the 'gatekeeping' action.

前提 (qiántí): Usage: 'On the premise of peace, we can talk.' Focuses on the foundation or starting point of an argument or situation.

Comparison: 先决条件 is the 'door key'; 前提 is the 'foundation' of the house.

Another alternative is 必要条件 (bìyào tiáojiàn). This is the 'necessary condition' from formal logic. If you are writing a scientific paper or a math proof, this is the term to use. It lacks the chronological 'first' connotation of 先决条件 but carries even more logical weight. If something is a 必要条件, the result is impossible without it.

门槛 (ménkǎn): Literally 'threshold.' Used metaphorically for the minimum requirement to enter a field or start a task. 'The threshold for this job is very high.'

In less formal settings, you might use 硬性要求 (yìngxìng yāoqiú - hard requirement). This is common in job postings or school admissions. It implies that the rule is 'stiff' and cannot be bent. While 先决条件 is a noun for the concept, 硬性要求 is the practical application of that concept. You might say, 'A bachelor's degree is a hard requirement for this position.'

基础 (jīchǔ): Means 'foundation' or 'basis.' While a prerequisite is something you need *before* starting, a foundation is something you build *upon*. They are related but distinct in their temporal focus.

Finally, for the most casual situations, simply use 必须 (bìxū - must) or 一定要 (yīdìng yào - definitely must). These are verbs/adverbs rather than nouns, making them much easier to slot into everyday sentences. 'You must have a ticket' is far more natural than 'A ticket is the prerequisite for entry' in a daily conversation.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The word '条件' was popularized in China through the translation of Western law books in the late Qing Dynasty. Before that, Chinese used words like '缘' or '因' for similar concepts.

Guide de prononciation

UK /ʃjɛn tɕɥɛ tjɑʊ tɕjɛn/

US /ʃjɛn tɕɥɛ tjɑʊ tɕjɛn/

Primary stress on the first (先) and third (条) syllables.

Rime avec

天 (tiān) 间 (jiān) 面 (miàn) 连 (lián) 前 (qián) 见 (jiàn) 电 (diàn) 变 (biàn)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing 'xian' like 'shyan' with too much 'y' sound.
Failing to aspirate the 't' in 'tiaojian'.
Confusing the tones: 1st, 2nd, 2nd, 4th (xiān jué tiáo jiàn).
Pronouncing 'jue' as 'joo' instead of 'j-weh'.
Merging the four syllables into two.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 4/5

Requires knowledge of formal kanji compounds.

Écriture 5/5

Writing '决' and '条' correctly is essential; usage requires formal logic.

Expression orale 4/5

Clear pronunciation of tones is vital for this high-register word.

Écoute 3/5

Distinctive sound makes it relatively easy to catch in news broadcasts.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

条件决定首先必须因为

Apprends ensuite

前提基础必要性充分条件因果关系

Avancé

逻辑前提充分必要条件制约因素门槛效应

Grammaire à connaître

The '的' Particle in Noun Phrases

成功的[的]先决条件

Subject-Predicate Structure

努力[是]先决条件。

Conditional Clauses (如果...就)

如果你满足了先决条件，就可以开始。

Nominalization of Verbs

获得许可(Verb Phrase)是先决条件。

Lists with '之一'

这是先决条件[之一]。

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Exemples par niveau

钱是买东西的先决条件。

Money is the prerequisite for buying things.

A is B 的先决条件.

水是生命的先决条件。

Water is a prerequisite for life.

Simple noun as subject.

票是上车的先决条件。

A ticket is the prerequisite for getting on the bus.

Everyday context.

火是煮饭的先决条件。

Fire is the prerequisite for cooking rice.

Basic logical link.

电是看电视的先决条件。

Electricity is the prerequisite for watching TV.

Modern necessity.

先决条件很重要。

Prerequisites are very important.

Using the word as a general subject.

这是我们的先决条件。

This is our prerequisite.

Possessive usage.

你有先决条件吗？

Do you have the prerequisites?

Question form.

努力是学习好的先决条件。

Hard work is the prerequisite for studying well.

Abstract noun as subject.

护照是出国的先决条件。

A passport is the prerequisite for going abroad.

Official requirement.

健康是幸福的先决条件。

Health is the prerequisite for happiness.

Common philosophical statement.

这个工作的先决条件是会开车。

The prerequisite for this job is being able to drive.

Requirement for a specific goal.

我们需要满足一些先决条件。

We need to satisfy some prerequisites.

Verb '满足' + noun.

信任是朋友之间的先决条件。

Trust is the prerequisite between friends.

Social context.

勇气是改变的先决条件。

Courage is the prerequisite for change.

Motivational context.

先决条件还没准备好。

The prerequisites are not ready yet.

Describing status.

和平是发展的先决条件。

Peace is the prerequisite for development.

Formal political statement.

获得许可进入是施工的先决条件。

Obtaining permission to enter is the prerequisite for construction.

Administrative context.

相互尊重是对话的先决条件。

Mutual respect is the prerequisite for dialogue.

Interpersonal/Diplomatic context.

你具备这些先决条件吗？

Do you possess these prerequisites?

Verb '具备' (possess).

这里的先决条件非常严格。

The prerequisites here are very strict.

Descriptive adjective.

我们必须首先考虑先决条件。

We must first consider the prerequisites.

Focus on priority.

没有先决条件，我们不能开始。

Without the prerequisites, we cannot start.

Conditional logic.

这是加入协会的先决条件之一。

This is one of the prerequisites for joining the association.

...之一 (one of...).

政治稳定是吸引外资的先决条件。

Political stability is a prerequisite for attracting foreign investment.

Economic/Political context.

法律的公正性是社会和谐的先决条件。

The impartiality of the law is a prerequisite for social harmony.

Legal/Social context.

掌握高级技术是这个职位的先决条件。

Mastering advanced technology is a prerequisite for this position.

Professional skill requirement.

双方达成共识是签署协议的先决条件。

Both sides reaching a consensus is the prerequisite for signing the agreement.

Negotiation context.

充足的资金是项目启动的先决条件。

Sufficient funding is the prerequisite for project initiation.

Financial context.

我们不能忽视任何一个先决条件。

We cannot ignore any single prerequisite.

Negative emphasis.

建立信任是长期合作的先决条件。

Building trust is the prerequisite for long-term cooperation.

Relational context.

这些先决条件在合同中已经明确列出。

These prerequisites have been clearly listed in the contract.

Passive/Descriptive voice.

言论自由是民主制度得以运作的先决条件。

Freedom of speech is the prerequisite for the functioning of a democratic system.

High-level political philosophy.

该理论成立的先决条件是假设市场是完全理性的。

The prerequisite for the theory to hold is the assumption that the market is perfectly rational.

Academic/Theoretical context.

满足上述所有先决条件后，程序方可继续运行。

After satisfying all the above prerequisites, the procedure may then continue.

Formal procedural language.

透明度被认为是建立政府公信力的先决条件。

Transparency is considered a prerequisite for building government credibility.

Civic/Political context.

在缺乏先决条件的情况下，任何尝试都是徒劳的。

In the absence of prerequisites, any attempt is futile.

Abstract logical assertion.

教育公平是实现社会流动的先决条件。

Educational equity is the prerequisite for achieving social mobility.

Sociological context.

我们必须审慎评估这些先决条件的合理性。

We must carefully evaluate the rationality of these prerequisites.

Critical analysis.

先决条件的缺失导致了整个谈判的破裂。

The lack of prerequisites led to the breakdown of the entire negotiation.

Causal relationship.

本体论上的先决条件决定了认识论的可能性。

Ontological prerequisites determine epistemological possibilities.

Advanced philosophical terminology.

该项国际公约的生效以各国议会的批准为先决条件。

The entry into force of this international convention is predicated on the ratification by national parliaments.

International law/Diplomacy.

在探讨人类意识时，生物学基础是一个不可逾越的先决条件。

When exploring human consciousness, the biological foundation is an insurmountable prerequisite.

Scientific/Philosophical synthesis.

历史的必然性往往建立在无数微小的先决条件之上。

Historical necessity is often built upon countless tiny prerequisites.

Historiographical context.

这种深层的文化认同是跨国企业本地化成功的先决条件。

This deep cultural identity is the prerequisite for the successful localization of multinational corporations.

Advanced business/Cultural theory.

法律预见性是维护法治尊严的先决条件。

Legal predictability is a prerequisite for maintaining the dignity of the rule of law.

Jurisprudential context.

我们应当质疑那些被视为理所当然的先决条件。

We should question those prerequisites that are taken for granted.

Rhetorical challenge.

先决条件的动态演变深刻影响着地缘政治的格局。

The dynamic evolution of prerequisites profoundly influences the geopolitical landscape.

Complex geopolitical analysis.

Synonymes

前提必备条件必要条件

Antonymes

次要条件后果

Collocations courantes

必要的先决条件

满足先决条件

具备先决条件

设定先决条件

基本的先决条件

法律先决条件

技术先决条件

首要先决条件

一系列先决条件

缺乏先决条件

Phrases Courantes

达成先决条件

— To reach or achieve the necessary preconditions. Often used in complex projects.

我们正在努力达成所有先决条件。

忽视先决条件

— To ignore the prerequisites. Usually used as a warning.

忽视先决条件会导致失败。

审查先决条件

— To review or inspect the prerequisites. Common in legal or academic review.

委员会正在审查先决条件。

建立先决条件

— To establish or create the necessary preconditions.

我们要为和平建立先决条件。

确认先决条件

— To confirm or verify that the prerequisites exist.

请确认所有先决条件已就位。

首个先决条件

— The very first prerequisite in a list.

首个先决条件是资金到位。

唯一先决条件

— The only prerequisite; no other conditions exist.

这是我答应你的唯一先决条件。

关键先决条件

— A critical or most important prerequisite.

人才是成功的关键先决条件。

内部先决条件

— Prerequisites coming from within an organization or person.

我们要先处理内部先决条件。

外部先决条件

— Prerequisites imposed by the outside environment or third parties.

外部先决条件对我们不利。

Souvent confondu avec

先决条件 vs 前提

前提 is more about the logical basis, while 先决条件 is about a concrete requirement.

先决条件 vs 条件

条件 is a general 'condition'; 先决条件 is specifically a 'pre-condition'.

先决条件 vs 基础

基础 is the 'foundation' you build on; 先决条件 is what you need 'before' you can even build.

Expressions idiomatiques

"必不可少"

— Absolutely necessary; essential. Often used to describe a prerequisite.

这是必不可少的先决条件。

Formal

"当务之急"

— A matter of vital importance; an urgent task. Sometimes used to highlight the most immediate prerequisite.

解决资金问题是当务之急的先决条件。

Formal

"重中之重"

— The most important of the important. Used to emphasize a key prerequisite.

安全是所有先决条件中的重中之重。

Formal

"首当其冲"

— To bear the brunt of. Used metaphorically to describe the first condition to be met.

解决这个问题是首当其冲的先决条件。

Formal

"不可或缺"

— Indispensable. Very similar to '必不可少'.

信任是合作中不可或缺的先决条件。

Formal

"万事俱备"

— Everything is ready. Often used after all prerequisites are met.

现在万事俱备，只欠东风。

Literary

"未雨绸缪"

— To prepare for a rainy day. Highlights the act of creating prerequisites for future safety.

我们要未雨绸缪，提前准备先决条件。

Literary

"名正言顺"

— Perfectly justifiable. Used when prerequisites for an action are properly established.

只有满足了先决条件，才能名正言顺地进行。

Literary

"事半功倍"

— Half the effort, twice the result. Used to describe the effect of having good prerequisites.

准备好先决条件，做事就能事半功倍。

Neutral

"磨刀不误砍柴工"

— Sharpening the axe will not delay the woodcutter. A common proverb about preparing prerequisites.

准备先决条件就像磨刀，磨刀不误砍柴工。

Colloquial

Facile à confondre

先决条件 vs 必要条件

Both imply necessity.

必要条件 is a logical term; 先决条件 is a procedural term.

氧气是火的必要条件。/ 拿到许可位是开工的先决条件。

先决条件 vs 准备

Both relate to things done before.

准备 is the action of preparing; 先决条件 is the status or item required.

我正在准备。/ 准备工作是成功的先决条件。

先决条件 vs 门槛

Both mean a requirement to start.

门槛 is more metaphorical and often refers to level of difficulty.

这个行业的门槛很高。

先决条件 vs 因素

Both are things that affect an outcome.

因素 is a factor that influences; 先决条件 is a requirement that must be met.

天气是一个因素。/ 晴天是进行户外摄影的先决条件。

先决条件 vs 要求

Both are things you need to do.

要求 is a request or demand; 先决条件 is a logical necessity.

这是老板的要求。/ 满足要求是获得奖金的先决条件。

Structures de phrases

A 是 B 的先决条件。

钱是买书的先决条件。

必须满足先决条件。

你必须满足先决条件才能参加。

[Verb Phrase] 是 [Noun] 的先决条件。

通过考试是毕业的先决条件。

具备...的先决条件。

他已经具备了成功的先决条件。

在缺乏...先决条件的情况下...

在缺乏资金先决条件的情况下，项目无法启动。

审视/质疑...的先决条件。

我们应当审视该政策实施的先决条件。

Academic

...是该理论成立的先决条件。

逻辑自洽是该理论成立的先决条件。

Legal

...为本合同生效之先决条件。

支付定金为本合同生效之先决条件。

Famille de mots

Noms

条件 (Condition)

前提 (Premise)

决议 (Resolution)

Verbes

决定 (To decide)

解决 (To solve)

预设 (To preset)

Adjectifs

先决的 (Prerequisite - as an adjective)

条件的 (Conditional)

Apparenté

基础 (Foundation)

要求 (Requirement)

标准 (Standard)

限制 (Limitation)

规则 (Rule)

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

Common in media, rare in daily speech.

Erreurs courantes

Using it as a verb. → 使用 '是...的先决条件'。
You cannot '先决条件' a task. It is a noun describing the task.
Confusing with '前提' in logic. → Use '前提' for abstract logic, '先决条件' for practical steps.
While similar, they have different nuances in formal writing.
Dropping the '的' particle. → A 是 B [的] 先决条件。
The possessive particle '的' is necessary to link the goal to the prerequisite.
Using it in casual slang. → Use '必须' or '一定要' instead.
It sounds overly formal and out of place in a relaxed setting.
Confusing '条' and '件' order. → 先决条件 (tiáo jiàn).
Ensure the characters for 'condition' are in the correct order.

Astuces

Formal Writing

Always use '先决条件' in essays or business emails when discussing requirements to sound more professional.

Logical Order

Use this word to clearly define what must happen first in a process.

Synonym Mastery

Learn '前提' alongside this word to understand the full range of 'requirement' vocabulary.

Tone Accuracy

Practice the tones (1-2-2-4) to ensure you are understood in high-stakes meetings.

Noun Structure

Remember it's a noun. Use '是' to connect it to your subject.

Political Context

Pay attention to this word in news about China's foreign policy; it's a keyword.

Contract Reading

Look for this word in contracts to identify your primary obligations.

The 'First' Rule

The first character '先' (first) is your best clue to the word's meaning.

Interview Tip

Mention the '先决条件' for a project during an interview to show strategic thinking.

News Cues

News anchors often use this word when introducing a new government policy.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Xian' (First) + 'Jue' (Decide) + 'Condition'. You First Decide the Condition before you can do anything else.

Association visuelle

Imagine a giant key labeled '先决条件' that fits into a lock labeled 'Goal'. No key, no goal.

Word Web

先 (First) 决 (Decide) 条 (Item) 件 (Piece) 前提 (Premise) 必须 (Must) 基础 (Base) 结果 (Result)

Défi

Try to write three sentences about your dream job using '先决条件'. For example, 'Learning Chinese is the 先决条件 for working in Beijing.'

Origine du mot

The term is a modern compound word. '先' (xiān) means before or first. '决' (jué) means to decide or determine. '条件' (tiáojiàn) is a 19th-century loanword from Japanese (jōken), which itself was created to translate Western legal and logical concepts.

Sens originel : A condition determined beforehand.

Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin Chinese).

Contexte culturel

Be careful when using this in negotiations; it can sound very firm and unyielding.

Directly equivalent to 'prerequisite' in academic and professional English.

Used in the 'Joint Communiqué' between China and other nations. Common in the writings of Chinese economists like Justin Yifu Lin. Frequently appears in the 'Government Work Report' (政府工作报告).

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Job Applications

具备相关经验是先决条件。
学历是这个岗位的先决条件。
面试通过是录用的先决条件。
满足所有先决条件。

International Relations

承认主权是谈判的先决条件。
停火是和平的先决条件。
尊重领土完整是先决条件。
不设先决条件地对话。

Academic Writing

该实验的先决条件如下。
这是理论成立的先决条件。
分析先决条件的影响。
先决条件的重要性。

Project Management

确定项目的先决条件。
满足技术先决条件。
先决条件清单。
评估先决条件的风险。

Personal Growth

自律是成功的先决条件。
健康是奋斗的先决条件。
兴趣是学习的先决条件。
勇气是突破的先决条件。

Amorces de conversation

"你认为成功的先决条件是什么？"

"在你的工作中，有哪些必不可少的先决条件？"

"如果你想学好中文，你觉得先决条件有哪些？"

"为什么有些项目在满足先决条件后还是失败了？"

"我们该如何为未来的合作设定先决条件？"

Sujets d'écriture

写一段话，描述你实现目标所需的三个先决条件。

探讨为什么信任是任何一段健康关系的先决条件。

如果你是一个国家的领导人，你会为国际援助设定哪些先决条件？

分析你目前学习中最缺乏的先决条件是什么。

描述一次你因为没有满足先决条件而失败的经历。

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, while common in business, it is also used in politics, law, academia, and even philosophy to describe any foundational requirement. It is a high-register word suitable for any formal discussion.

No, it is strictly a noun. You cannot say 'I 先决条件 this.' You must say 'This is a 先决条件' or 'I satisfy the 先决条件.'

'前提' (premise) is often the logical starting point of an argument, whereas '先决条件' (prerequisite) is a concrete requirement that must be fulfilled before an action can proceed.

Generally, no. It sounds very formal and stiff. Use '必须' or '先要' in casual conversations unless you are being intentionally dramatic or discussing a serious topic.

You can say '没有先决条件' or, in more formal diplomatic language, '不设先决条件' (without setting preconditions).

Yes, in Chinese, the noun itself doesn't change, but you can add '一些' (some) or '一系列' (a series of) to indicate plurality.

It is neutral. It simply describes a logical relationship. However, in negotiations, setting too many '先决条件' can be seen as a negative or obstructive tactic.

Common verbs include '满足' (satisfy), '具备' (possess), '设定' (set), '达到' (reach), and '审查' (review).

Not really. '条件' is shorter but less specific. '前提' is a similar length. It is best to use the full four-character phrase for clarity.

Yes, it typically appears in HSK 5 or HSK 6 level materials due to its formal nature and complexity.

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