بحث شدن
بحث شدن 30 सेकंड में
- A compound verb meaning 'to be discussed' or 'to be debated'.
- Commonly used in formal, academic, and professional Persian contexts.
- The passive counterpart of 'bahs kardan' (to discuss).
- Requires the auxiliary 'shodan' to change for tense and mood.
The Persian verb بحث شدن (bahs shodan) is a compound verb that functions as the passive or intransitive counterpart to the active verb بحث کردن (to discuss). In its essence, it means 'to be discussed,' 'to be debated,' or 'to be the subject of talk.' This verb is quintessential for learners reaching the B2 level because it allows for an objective, formal, or detached way of describing communication. Instead of focusing on *who* is talking, بحث شدن focuses on the *topic* itself. You will encounter this word frequently in news broadcasts, academic papers, and professional meetings where the process of deliberation is more important than the specific participants. For example, when a new law is under review, a journalist might say that the law 'is being discussed' in parliament, using this specific construction to maintain a professional tone.
- Core Concept
- The transition from an active discussion to the state of being discussed, often implying a formal or public setting.
در جلسه دیروز، مشکلات مالی شرکت بحث شد.
(In yesterday's meeting, the company's financial problems were discussed.)
The word بحث itself comes from Arabic, meaning 'search' or 'investigation,' which gives the Persian usage a nuance of deep inquiry rather than just casual chatting. When something is بحث شد, it implies that arguments were presented, points were weighed, and a certain level of intellectual or social energy was expended on the topic. It is not merely 'mentioned' (ذکر شدن); it is 'discussed' (بحث شدن). This distinction is vital for B2 learners who wish to express complexity in social dynamics. In a family setting, a father might say that a certain decision will be discussed later, signaling that it is a serious matter requiring collective thought.
این موضوع در رسانهها به طور گسترده بحث شده است.
(This subject has been widely discussed in the media.)
- Social Nuance
- Using this verb often shifts the responsibility or focus away from individuals, making it useful for diplomacy and conflict resolution.
Furthermore, the verb is often used in the context of academic literature. When reviewing what other scholars have said, a writer might state that a particular theory 'has been discussed' in various chapters. This allows for a passive voice that is standard in high-level Persian writing. It is also used to describe public controversies. If a celebrity does something scandalous, you might hear that their behavior is being 'discussed' everywhere. In this sense, it captures the 'talk of the town' vibe but with a slightly more formal edge than the colloquial 'harf zadan' (to talk).
جزئیات قرارداد باید دوباره بحث شوند.
(The details of the contract must be discussed again.)
Using بحث شدن correctly requires an understanding of Persian passive constructions. Because it is a compound verb, the auxiliary شدن (to become) carries all the grammatical weight. To use it in the past tense, you use the past stem شد. For the present continuous, you use دارد بحث میشود. This flexibility makes it indispensable for describing ongoing versus completed debates. One common pattern is [Subject] + [Prepositional Phrase] + [بحث شدن]. For example, 'The plan (subject) in the committee (prepositional phrase) was discussed (verb).'
- Tense Variation: Present
- درباره این مسئله در کلاس بحث میشود. (This issue is being discussed in class.)
آیا این پیشنهاد قبلاً بحث شده بود؟
(Had this proposal been discussed before?)
Another important aspect is the use of prepositions. Typically, the topic being discussed is either the subject of the sentence or is preceded by the preposition دربارهی (about) or پیرامونِ (around/concerning). When the topic is the subject, the verb must agree in number. If 'issues' (plural) are being discussed, the verb should be بحث میشوند. This grammatical agreement is a common area where learners make mistakes, often defaulting to the singular form. In formal writing, using the plural agreement for inanimate subjects is optional but often preferred for clarity.
امروز موضوعات مهمی بحث خواهند شد.
(Important topics will be discussed today.)
- Negative Form
- این موضوع اصلاً بحث نشد. (This topic was not discussed at all.)
When using بحث شدن in the subjunctive (which follows verbs like 'must' or 'want'), the form becomes بحث بشود or بحث شود. For instance, 'It is necessary that this matter be discussed' would be لازم است که این مطلب بحث شود. This is a common structure in administrative Persian. Mastering these variations allows the speaker to navigate through different temporal and modal contexts with ease, which is a hallmark of the B2 level.
The word بحث شدن resonates through the halls of Iranian universities and the studios of news agencies like IRIB or BBC Persian. If you listen to a political roundtable (میزگرد), you will hear the moderator say, 'Today, the issue of inflation will be discussed.' It is the standard way to introduce a topic of conversation in a structured environment. However, its usage isn't limited to the elite. In a modern Iranian workplace, during a 'teambuilding' or a 'sprint' meeting, a manager might say, 'We need to make sure the feedback from the clients is discussed.' It bridges the gap between high-register literary Persian and professional daily speech.
در اخبار دیشب، بحران آب در کشور بحث شد.
(In last night's news, the water crisis in the country was discussed.)
In the digital world, you'll see this verb in the comment sections of Persian social media or on forums like Reddit's Persian-speaking communities. When a controversial post is made, users might comment that 'this topic has been discussed many times before' (این موضوع قبلاً بارها بحث شده), usually as a way to shut down redundant threads. It also appears in the titles of webinars or YouTube tutorials, such as 'In this video, the basics of Python will be discussed.' This shows the verb's versatility across both traditional and modern media platforms.
You will also hear it in legal or semi-legal contexts. If someone is involved in a dispute, they might say, 'Our case was discussed in court today.' Here, بحث شدن carries a weight of officiality. It implies that a judge or a panel of experts has given the matter their attention. This distinguishes it from حرف زدن (talking), which could just mean a casual conversation in the hallway. In short, whenever there is a structured, purposeful exchange of ideas, بحث شدن is the verb of choice.
One of the most frequent errors English speakers make is using the active بحث کردن when they mean the passive بحث شدن. In English, we often say 'The topic discussed...' as a shorthand, but in Persian, you must be explicit. If you say موضوع بحث کرد, you are literally saying 'The topic discussed (something),' which makes no sense because a topic is inanimate and cannot discuss anything. You must use بحث شد to indicate the topic was the *object* of the discussion.
- Mistake: Subject-Verb Agreement
- Incorrect: مشکلات بحث شد. (Problems was discussed.)
Correct: مشکلات بحث شدند. (Problems were discussed.)
Another mistake is confusing بحث شدن with صحبت شدن. While they are similar, صحبت شدن is much more general and often refers to simple talking or mentioning. بحث شدن implies a debate, an analysis, or a structured argument. If you use بحث شدن for a casual mention of the weather, it sounds overly formal and slightly strange. Save بحث شدن for topics that actually require 'discussion'—like politics, science, or complex plans.
Incorrect: دربارهی ناهار بحث شد.
(We 'debated' lunch - sounds like a serious conflict.)
Correct: دربارهی ناهار صحبت شد.
(We talked about lunch.)
Lastly, learners often forget the preposition دربارهی. While the topic can be the subject, if you want to say 'There was a discussion *about* the project,' you must use the preposition. A common error is skipping the preposition and just placing the noun before the verb without a grammatical link. Always ensure that the relationship between the topic and the act of discussing is clear through either word order or prepositions.
Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and بحث شدن has several 'cousins' that you should know to vary your vocabulary. The most common formal alternative is مطرح شدن (matrah shodan). While بحث شدن means the discussion is happening, مطرح شدن means the topic has been 'brought up' or 'raised.' If a question is raised in a meeting, you use مطرح شدن. If that question then leads to a long debate, you use بحث شدن.
- Comparison: بحث شدن vs. مطرح شدن
- بحث شدن: Focuses on the process of debating/discussing.
مطرح شدن: Focuses on the introduction of the topic.
Another alternative is بررسی شدن (barresi shodan), which means 'to be examined' or 'to be reviewed.' This is more analytical. If a proposal is being checked for errors, it is being بررسی. If people are arguing over whether it's a good idea, it is being بحث. For very formal or literary contexts, you might use مورد مداقه قرار گرفتن (mored-e modaghe gharar gereftan), which means to be scrutinized with great care.
این فرضیه در مقالات علمی بررسی شده است.
(This hypothesis has been examined in scientific articles.)
In informal settings, as mentioned before, حرفش زده شدن (harf-ash zade shodan) is a common colloquialism. It literally means 'its talk being hit' and is used to say 'it was talked about.' For example, 'The party was talked about' (حرفِ مهمونی زده شد). This is much more natural for everyday life than the somewhat stiff بحث شدن. Knowing when to use the formal versus the informal version is a key skill for advanced learners.
How Formal Is It?
रोचक तथ्य
In ancient Arabic, the root word was used for a bird scratching the ground to find something. In Persian, it evolved from 'investigating' to 'discussing' ideas.
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Pronouncing 'bahs' as 'bass' (missing the 'h').
- Making the 'o' in 'shodan' too long like 'shoe'.
- Treating it as one word without a slight pause between 'bahs' and 'shodan'.
- Misplacing the stress on the first syllable of 'shodan'.
- Merging the 's' and 'sh' sounds too much.
कठिनाई स्तर
Easy to recognize in texts but requires understanding of passive voice.
Requires correct conjugation of 'shodan' and use of prepositions.
Learners often default to active voice; needs practice to sound natural.
Clear pronunciation but can be fast in news reports.
आगे क्या सीखें
पूर्वापेक्षाएँ
आगे सीखें
उन्नत
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
Passive Construction
Noun + Past Participle (optional here) + Shodan.
Compound Verb Conjugation
Only 'shodan' changes: بحث میشوم، بحث میشوی...
Prepositional Objects
Use 'درباره' for the topic of discussion.
Subjunctive with Modals
باید بحث شود (Must be discussed).
Future Tense
بحث خواهد شد (Will be discussed).
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
درباره کتاب بحث شد.
The book was discussed.
Simple past tense of 'shodan'.
آیا بحث شد؟
Was it discussed?
Question form using intonation.
امروز بحث نشد.
It was not discussed today.
Negative form using 'na-' prefix.
بحث میشود.
It is being discussed.
Present simple/continuous form.
نام من بحث شد.
My name was discussed.
Subject is 'nam-e man'.
در کلاس بحث شد.
It was discussed in class.
Preposition 'dar' (in).
فردا بحث میشود.
It will be discussed tomorrow.
Future intent using present form.
درباره غذا بحث شد.
The food was discussed.
Preposition 'darbare-ye'.
مشکلات مدرسه بحث شدند.
The school problems were discussed.
Plural agreement 'shodand'.
در جلسه درباره پول بحث شد.
In the meeting, money was discussed.
Compound verb usage.
این موضوع باید بحث شود.
This topic must be discussed.
Subjunctive mood with 'bayad'.
چرا این مسئله بحث نشد؟
Why wasn't this issue discussed?
Interrogative 'chera'.
همه چیز در خانه بحث شد.
Everything was discussed at home.
Subject 'hame chiz'.
درباره سفر بحث میشود.
The trip is being discussed.
Present tense.
نامهها بحث شدند.
The letters were discussed.
Plural subject.
در گروه بحث شد.
It was discussed in the group.
Locative phrase.
در اخبار دیشب، قیمت بنزین بحث شد.
In last night's news, the price of gasoline was discussed.
Formal context.
این پیشنهاد در شورا بحث شده است.
This proposal has been discussed in the council.
Present perfect tense.
باید دربارهی آیندهی شرکت بحث شود.
The company's future must be discussed.
Modal verb 'bayad'.
جزئیات طرح هنوز بحث نشدهاند.
The details of the plan haven't been discussed yet.
Negative present perfect plural.
اگر موضوع بحث شود، خوشحال میشوم.
If the topic is discussed, I will be happy.
Conditional sentence.
موضوعات مختلفی در رادیو بحث شدند.
Various topics were discussed on the radio.
Plural subject and verb.
درباره این پروژه در دفتر بحث میشود.
This project is being discussed in the office.
Ongoing action.
آیا میدانید چه چیزی بحث شد؟
Do you know what was discussed?
Embedded question.
پیامدهای اقتصادی این تصمیم به طور گسترده بحث شد.
The economic consequences of this decision were widely discussed.
Adverbial phrase 'be tor-e gostarde'.
در این مقاله، نظریات جدید فیزیک بحث میشوند.
In this article, new theories of physics are discussed.
Academic register.
موضوع امنیت ملی در مجلس بحث خواهد شد.
The issue of national security will be discussed in parliament.
Future tense 'khahad shod'.
قبل از اجرا، باید تمام جوانب کار بحث شده باشد.
Before implementation, all aspects of the work must have been discussed.
Perfect subjunctive.
این مسئله بارها در جلسات قبلی بحث شده بود.
This issue had been discussed many times in previous meetings.
Past perfect tense.
نحوه توزیع بودجه در دولت بحث میشود.
The method of budget distribution is being discussed in the government.
Passive voice.
درباره حقوق بشر در کنفرانس بحث شد.
Human rights were discussed at the conference.
Formal subject matter.
چرا این بند از قرارداد بحث نشده است؟
Why hasn't this clause of the contract been discussed?
Specific noun phrase subject.
ابعاد حقوقی این پرونده به دقت در دادگاه بحث شد.
The legal dimensions of this case were carefully discussed in court.
Detailed adverbial qualification.
در این رساله، مفاهیم فلسفی قدرت بحث شدهاند.
In this dissertation, the philosophical concepts of power have been discussed.
High-level academic subject.
تا زمانی که این بحران بحث نشود، راه حلی پیدا نخواهد شد.
As long as this crisis is not discussed, no solution will be found.
Complex conditional with 'ta zamani ke'.
تأثیرات درازمدت تغییر اقلیم در این نشست بحث میشود.
The long-term effects of climate change are being discussed in this session.
Passive present.
ضرورت اصلاحات ساختاری در اقتصاد همواره بحث شده است.
The necessity of structural reforms in the economy has always been discussed.
Abstract subject.
در نقد فیلم، نمادگراییهای مذهبی بحث شدند.
In the film review, religious symbolisms were discussed.
Cultural analysis context.
جزئیات فنی این پروژه به صورت محرمانه بحث شد.
The technical details of this project were discussed confidentially.
Adverbial 'be surat-e mahramane'.
چنانچه این موضوع بحث شود، شفافیت بیشتری حاصل میگردد.
Should this topic be discussed, more transparency will be achieved.
Formal conditional 'chenanche'.
پارادایمهای حاکم بر معرفتشناسی در این سمینار بحث شد.
The governing paradigms of epistemology were discussed in this seminar.
Highly specialized vocabulary.
چگونگی بازتولید قدرت در ساختارهای اجتماعی بحث شده است.
The way power is reproduced in social structures has been discussed.
Sociological terminology.
در این جستار، تقابل سنت و مدرنیته به تفصیل بحث میشود.
In this essay, the confrontation of tradition and modernity is discussed in detail.
Literary register.
مبانی نظری عدالت اجتماعی در آثار او بحث شدهاند.
The theoretical foundations of social justice have been discussed in his works.
Plural passive.
هرگاه که آزادی بیان بحث شود، چالشهای جدیدی بروز میکند.
Whenever freedom of expression is discussed, new challenges arise.
Universal conditional 'hargah ke'.
در تحلیل نهایی، ماهیت وجودی انسان بحث شد.
In the final analysis, the existential nature of man was discussed.
Philosophical context.
پیچیدگیهای روابط بینالملل در عصر پسا-حقیقت بحث میشود.
The complexities of international relations in the post-truth era are being discussed.
Contemporary academic jargon.
گسترهی نفوذ فرهنگ در سیاست خارجی بحث شده است.
The scope of cultural influence in foreign policy has been discussed.
Geopolitical context.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
— It was discussed and it's over; no more talk needed.
دیگر حرف نزن، بحث شد و تمام شد.
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
Active voice: 'I discussed'. Use 'بحث شدن' for 'It was discussed'.
General talking. 'بحث شدن' is for more serious or structured debate.
To be expressed/stated. 'بحث شدن' implies a back-and-forth exchange.
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
— It's a matter of livelihood/bread and butter.
اینجا بحث نان است، شوخی نیست.
Informal— It's not about a small amount of money; it's about the principle.
بحث یک قران و دو زار نیست، بحث اعتماد است.
Informal— His word is law/undisputable (rare/contextual).
در این شرکت، حرف او بحث است.
Informal— A matter of simple logic/obvious facts.
این بحث دو دو تا چهار تاست، پیچیده نیست.
Informalआसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Both involve a topic appearing in conversation.
Matrah shodan is 'bringing it up'; Bahs shodan is 'discussing it'.
سوال مطرح شد و سپس بحث شد.
Both are formal ways to look at a topic.
Barresi is 'investigating/checking'; Bahs is 'debating/talking'.
مدارک بررسی شدند و در جلسه بحث شد.
Both mean talking.
Goftogu is more like a dialogue/chat; Bahs is more like a debate/discussion.
درباره صلح گفتگو شد.
Both involve stating a topic.
Onvan shodan is 'to be mentioned as a title/topic'; Bahs shodan is the actual discussion.
این موضوع به عنوان مشکل عنوان شد.
Both involve information spreading.
Shaye shodan is 'to become a rumor/widespread'; Bahs shodan is intentional discussion.
خبر شایع شد و در تلویزیون بحث شد.
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
[Topic] بحث شد.
کتاب بحث شد.
در [Place] بحث شد.
در کلاس بحث شد.
درباره [Topic] بحث شده است.
درباره سفر بحث شده است.
[Plural Topic] بحث شدند.
مشکلات بحث شدند.
باید درباره [Topic] بحث شود.
باید درباره قیمت بحث شود.
[Topic] به طور [Adverb] بحث شد.
طرح به طور کامل بحث شد.
اگر [Topic] بحث شود، ...
اگر مشکل بحث شود، راه حل پیدا میشود.
[Abstract Topic] در [Context] بحث میگردد.
مبانی اخلاق در فلسفه بحث میگردد.
शब्द परिवार
संज्ञा
क्रिया
विशेषण
संबंधित
इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
Highly frequent in news, academia, and professional settings.
सुझाव
Auxiliary Focus
Remember that in compound verbs like this, only the second part (shodan) changes. Don't touch 'bahs'!
Formalize It
In very formal writing, use 'مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفت' to sound like a professional journalist.
The Silent H
Don't skip the 'h' in 'bahs'. It's subtle but important for clarity.
Passive Power
Use 'بحث شدن' when you want to report on a meeting without taking sides or naming names.
News Junkie
Watch Persian news fo
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Think of a 'Bus' (sounds like 'Bahs'). Imagine a 'Bus' full of people talking. The bus 'became' (shodan) the place where things were discussed. Bus + Shodan = Discussed.
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a round table with a glowing light in the center. The light represents the 'topic' that has 'become' (shodan) the focus of the 'discussion' (bahs).
Word Web
चैलेंज
Try to use 'بحث شدن' in a sentence about your favorite movie without mentioning who is talking.
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
The word 'بحث' (bahs) is an Arabic loanword from the root B-H-TH (ب-ح-ث), which originally means to search, investigate, or dig into the ground.
मूल अर्थ: To investigate or examine thoroughly.
Afroasiatic (Arabic) root, Indo-European (Persian) auxiliary.सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
Be careful using 'bahs kardan' (active) as it can sometimes imply 'arguing' or 'fighting'. 'Bahs shodan' (passive) is safer and more neutral.
In English, we often use the active 'they discussed' even when the focus is on the topic. Persian prefers the passive 'بحث شد' in formal writing.
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
Academic Seminars
- این نظریه بحث شد.
- در فصل دوم بحث میشود.
- نتایج بحث شدند.
- به طور علمی بحث شد.
News Reports
- امروز در مجلس بحث شد.
- لایحه جدید بحث میشود.
- بحران منطقه بحث شد.
- جزئیات بحث خواهند شد.
Business Meetings
- بودجه بحث شد.
- استراتژی بحث میشود.
- مشکلات بحث شدند.
- درباره قرارداد بحث شد.
Social Media
- این موضوع قبلاً بحث شده.
- چرا این بحث نمیشود؟
- بحث شده و تموم شده.
- توی کامنتها بحث شد.
Legal Proceedings
- شواهد بحث شدند.
- پرونده بحث شد.
- حکم بحث میشود.
- به صورت قانونی بحث شد.
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"آیا در جلسه دیروز درباره حقوقها بحث شد؟"
"فکر میکنی چرا این موضوع در رسانهها بحث نمیشود؟"
"آخرین باری که درباره محیط زیست در کلاس شما بحث شد کی بود؟"
"آیا در خانواده شما درباره مسائل سیاسی بحث میشود؟"
"کدام موضوع است که باید بیشتر در جامعه بحث شود؟"
डायरी विषय
درباره موضوعی بنویسید که اخیراً در اخبار بحث شده است و نظر شما چیست.
یک جلسه خیالی را توصیف کنید که در آن مشکلات شهر شما بحث میشود.
چرا بعضی موضوعات هیچوقت در جامعه بحث نمیشوند؟
اگر رئیسجمهور بودید، دوست داشتید چه موضوعی در مجلس بحث شود؟
تفاوت بین 'حرف زدن' و 'بحث شدن' را با مثال توضیح دهید.
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवालNo, while 'bahs' can mean argument, 'bahs shodan' usually just means a structured discussion or debate in a professional or academic sense.
Usually, no. You discuss *topics*, not people. If you discuss a person's behavior, the *behavior* is the subject that 'bahs shod'.
'بحث شد' is simple past (it was discussed), while 'بحث شده' is part of the present perfect (it has been discussed).
You can't really. 'بحث شدن' is passive. You would say 'It was discussed' (بحث شد). To say 'They discussed it', use 'آنها بحث کردند'.
It's common when talking about serious things (work, school, news), but for 'what did you talk about with your friend', use 'حرف زدن'.
If the topic is the subject (e.g., 'The plan was discussed'), no. If you say 'It was discussed *about* the plan', use 'درباره'.
Yes, 'بحث خواهد شد' is very common in news to announce upcoming topics.
Yes, 'bahs' is more formal and implies a deeper level of analysis or disagreement than 'sohbat'.
Just add 'na' to the beginning of the 'shodan' part: 'بحث نشد'.
'مورد بحث' is an adjective/noun phrase meaning 'under discussion', often used as 'موضوع مورد بحث' (the topic under discussion).
Summary
Key Takeaway: 'بحث شدن' is the essential verb for describing when a topic is under review or debate without naming the speaker. Example: 'در جلسه دیروز، بودجه جدید بحث شد' (In yesterday's meeting, the new budget was discussed).
- A compound verb meaning 'to be discussed' or 'to be debated'.
- Commonly used in formal, academic, and professional Persian contexts.
- The passive counterpart of 'bahs kardan' (to discuss).
- Requires the auxiliary 'shodan' to change for tense and mood.
Auxiliary Focus
Remember that in compound verbs like this, only the second part (shodan) changes. Don't touch 'bahs'!
Formalize It
In very formal writing, use 'مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفت' to sound like a professional journalist.
The Silent H
Don't skip the 'h' in 'bahs'. It's subtle but important for clarity.
Passive Power
Use 'بحث شدن' when you want to report on a meeting without taking sides or naming names.
संबंधित सामग्री
academic के और शब्द
اعمال کردن
B2To apply, to implement; to put into operation or effect.
عامل شدن
B2किसी चीज़ का कारक या कारण बनना।
اعتبار علمی
B2शैक्षिक विश्वसनीयता या वैज्ञानिक प्रतिष्ठा।
اعتبار بخشیدن
B2किसी चीज़ को मान्य करना या आधिकारिक स्वीकृति देना।
اعتبار سنجی کردن
B2किसी चीज़ की वैधता या सटीकता की जाँच करना या उसे प्रमाणित करना।
اعتباربخشی
B2मान्यता वह आधिकारिक मान्यता है कि कोई व्यक्ति या संस्थान कुछ मानकों को पूरा करता है।
اعتمادپذیر
B2विश्वसनीय; भरोसेमंद।
اعتراف کردن
B2स्वीकार करना या स्वीकार करना; यह स्वीकार करना कि किसी ने अपराध किया है या कुछ गलत किया है। (उसे कबूल करना होगा कि उसने झूठ बोला था। उसने अपराध कबूल कर लिया।)
عضو هیئت علمی
B2A faculty member; a professional academic engaged in teaching and research at a university.
عقلانی
B2तार्किक; तर्क या विवेक पर आधारित।