B1 · मध्यवर्ती चैप्टर 30

Advanced Passive Constructions

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इस अध्याय के नियम त्वरित अभ्यास

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of indirect speech by learning how to focus on actions instead of agents.

  • Identify the unintentional 'ter-' passive construction.
  • Formulate passive sentences without specifying an actor.
  • Select the most natural voice for formal and informal contexts.
Shift your focus, master the Indonesian passive voice.

तुम क्या सीखोगे

Explores 'ter-' passive and agentless passive structures. Teaches nuances in passive voice usage.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Describe accidents or unintentional events using the 'ter-' prefix.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Write formal reports using agentless passive constructions.

टिप्स और ट्रिक्स (4)

💡

No Agent

Never use 'oleh' with ter-.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Ter- Passive
💡

Check the Prefix

Always ensure you remove 'me-' before adding 'di-'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Agentless Passive
💡

Use 'bahwa'

Always include 'bahwa' after the passive reporting verb to connect the clause.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Nuances
💡

Focus on the Object

Always identify the object first before forming the passive sentence.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive vs Active Choice

मुख्य शब्दावली (6)

terbawa carried away unintentionally dilakukan is done terlihat seen/visible disimpan is stored perubahan change tujuan goal/objective

Real-World Preview

alert-triangle

Reporting an Accident

Review Summary

  • ter- + verb
  • di- + verb
  • Context-dependent
  • Active vs Passive

सामान्य गलतियाँ

The 'ter-' passive is not used with an agent (saya). It describes the object's state.

Wrong: Saya terpecah piring.
सही: Piringnya terpecah.

In Indonesian, active is preferred over adding 'oleh' (by) unless necessary for emphasis.

Wrong: Dibersihkan oleh saya.
सही: Saya membersihkan.

Agentless passive is best when the actor is obvious or irrelevant.

Wrong: Toko ditutup oleh mereka.
सही: Toko ditutup.

Next Steps

You've tackled a challenging topic with grace. Keep practicing, and these structures will soon feel second nature!

Write a 5-sentence summary of your day using only passive voice.

Continue to: Conditional Sentences

त्वरित अभ्यास (10)

Fill in the blank with the correct passive form of 'baca'.

Buku itu ___ oleh saya.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: dibaca
Passive of 'baca' is 'dibaca'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Agentless Passive

Fill in the blank.

___ bahwa rapat ditunda.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ditetapkan
Passive verb.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Nuances

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Dikatakan oleh bahwa dia sakit.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dikatakan bahwa dia sakit.
Remove 'oleh'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Nuances

Find the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Surat itu dimenulis.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ditulis
Remove 'me-' prefix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Agentless Passive

Choose the correct passive sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Nasi dimakan saya
Object + di-verb + agent.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Agentless Passive

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Pintu itu tertutup.
State passive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Ter- Passive

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Rumah itu dibangunkan oleh mereka.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Rumah itu dibangun oleh mereka.
Remove the unnecessary '-kan' suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive vs Active Choice

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dikatakan bahwa dia menang.
Correct structure.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Nuances

Fill in the blank.

___ bahwa dia akan datang.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Dikatakan
Passive verb needed.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Nuances

Select the correct form.

___ (dicuci) baju itu.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Baju itu dicuci
Standard word order.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Agentless Passive

Score: /10

सामान्य प्रश्न (6)

No, ter- verbs do not take an agent.
No, it also indicates states or potential.
No, use it when the object is the focus.
Yes, it is a prefix.
Yes, but only if you are specifying the source, e.g., 'Dikatakan oleh saksi bahwa...'.
It is used in formal or serious conversations, but 'katanya' is more common for casual talk.
पिछला अध्याय
Complex Sentence Structures
अगला अध्याय
Conditional Sentences
रोडमैप पर वापस