Overview
The Japanese word '削減する' (sakugen suru) is a verb that directly translates to 'to reduce,' 'to cut down,' or 'to diminish.' It's a compound verb formed by the noun '削減' (sakugen), meaning 'reduction' or 'cut,' and the verb 'する' (suru), which means 'to do' or 'to make.' This 'noun + する' construction is very common in Japanese and creates a wide array of verbs.
'削減する' is primarily used in contexts where there is a deliberate act of making something smaller, less in quantity, or less in scope. It implies an intentional effort to decrease something, often due to financial constraints, efficiency goals, or resource management. You'll frequently encounter this word in business, economics, government, and environmental discussions.
For example, one might use 'コストを削減する' (kosuto o sakugen suru) to say 'to reduce costs.' Here, 'コスト' (kosuto) means 'cost.' Another common usage is '人員を削減する' (jin'in o sakugen suru), which means 'to reduce staff' or 'to lay off employees.' This highlights its application to human resources.
It can also be applied to abstract concepts like '時間を削減する' (jikan o sakugen suru), meaning 'to reduce time' (e.g., the time spent on a task), or '排出量を削減する' (haishutsuryō o sakugen suru), which refers to 'reducing emissions,' a phrase commonly heard in environmental conservation efforts. The object of the reduction is typically marked by the direct object particle 'を' (o).
While '減らす' (herasu) also means 'to reduce' or 'to decrease,' '削減する' often carries a slightly more formal and deliberate nuance. '減らす' can be used more broadly for a general decrease, whether intentional or not, and can apply to a wider range of items. '削減する,' on the other hand, strongly suggests a planned and often significant cut, especially in quantifiable measures like budgets, staff, or waste. Therefore, when discussing policy changes, financial restructuring, or strategic resource management, '削減する' is the more appropriate and precise term to use.
उदाहरण
コストを削減する。
BusinessTo reduce costs.
人員を削減する。
BusinessTo cut down on personnel.
支出を削減する必要がある。
GeneralIt is necessary to reduce expenditures.
二酸化炭素の排出量を削減する。
EnvironmentalTo reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
予算を削減する。
Financial/GovernmentalTo cut the budget.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
To delete
To alleviate, to lighten, to reduce (burden, pain)
व्याकरण पैटर्न
How to Use It
इस्तेमाल की जानकारी
'削減する' (sakugen suru) is a transitive verb meaning 'to reduce,' 'to cut down,' or 'to diminish' in amount, size, or extent. It is typically used for quantifiable things such as budgets, expenses, staff, production, emissions, or waste. It implies a deliberate action to make something smaller or less. While it can be used in both formal and informal contexts, it tends to appear more frequently in business, administrative, or journalistic settings when discussing policies, financial matters, or official decisions. For example, one might say 'コストを削減する' (kosuto o sakugen suru - to reduce costs) or '人員を削減する' (jin'in o sakugen suru - to reduce staff). It's distinct from other verbs like '減らす' (herasu), which also means 'to decrease,' but '削減する' often carries a stronger connotation of a planned, often significant, reduction. When used in a polite context, it can be combined with '-ます' (masu) to become '削減します' (sakugen shimasu) or with '-してください' (shite kudasai) for a request, '削減してください' (sakugen shite kudasai - please reduce).
सामान्य गलतियाँ
One common mistake is confusing '削減する' (sakugen suru) with similar-sounding or related verbs like '減らす' (herasu - to decrease, to reduce generally) or '縮小する' (shukushō suru - to shrink, to scale down). While they all involve reduction, '削減する' specifically implies cutting down, often in the context of budgets, expenses, or personnel, with a nuance of active, often deliberate, reduction by someone in authority. '減らす' is a more general term for decreasing something, and '縮小する' often refers to physical size or scope. Another mistake is mispronouncing '削減' as 'sakugen' with a hard 'g' sound instead of the softer, more nasal 'ng' sound often found in Japanese, or forgetting the 'suru' at the end when using it as a verb.
Tips
Understanding the Nuances
'削減する' implies a deliberate act of reducing something, often due to necessity or a specific goal. It's a formal term often used in business, economics, or environmental contexts.
Common Mistakes
While '減らす' (herasu) also means to reduce, '削減する' is generally more formal and suggests a larger-scale, more planned reduction. Don't use '削減する' for casual, small-scale reductions.
When to Use
Use '削減する' when talking about reducing budgets, costs, staff, emissions, or other measurable quantities in a formal or objective manner. It emphasizes a conscious effort to make something smaller or less.
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
200+ WORDS origin history.
सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
The concept of 'reduction' or 'cutting down' in Japan, as expressed by '削減する' (sakugen suru), often carries a strong cultural undertone of efficiency, optimization, and resourcefulness. In a society that values harmony (wa) and avoiding waste (mottainai), practices of reduction are frequently seen as positive and responsible. This can be observed in various aspects of Japanese life, from lean manufacturing principles (kaizen) in business to mindful consumption in daily living. There's an emphasis on making things more compact, streamlined, and effective, rather than simply discarding. In business contexts, '削減する' might be used in discussions about cost-cutting, streamlining processes, or reducing environmental impact. In personal life, it could refer to reducing clutter, simplifying routines, or minimizing consumption. The act of 'sakugen suru' is often presented as a thoughtful and strategic endeavor aimed at improvement or sustainability.
याद रखने का तरीका
Visualize '削減する' (sakugen suru) as taking a pair of scissors (imagine the 'gen' in 'sakugen' as 'gen' for 'scissors') and cutting down a large, overwhelming amount of something until it's more manageable. The 'saku' can sound like 'sack' as in 'sack it down' or 'cut it down to fit in a sack'. So, 'sack-gen' = 'cut it down'.
खुद को परखो
企業はコストを___することで、利益を増やすことができます。
無駄を___ことが、環境保護につながります。
予算を___必要があります。
स्कोर: /3
Understanding the Nuances
'削減する' implies a deliberate act of reducing something, often due to necessity or a specific goal. It's a formal term often used in business, economics, or environmental contexts.
Common Mistakes
While '減らす' (herasu) also means to reduce, '削減する' is generally more formal and suggests a larger-scale, more planned reduction. Don't use '削減する' for casual, small-scale reductions.
When to Use
Use '削減する' when talking about reducing budgets, costs, staff, emissions, or other measurable quantities in a formal or objective manner. It emphasizes a conscious effort to make something smaller or less.
उदाहरण
5 / 5コストを削減する。
To reduce costs.
人員を削減する。
To cut down on personnel.
支出を削減する必要がある。
It is necessary to reduce expenditures.
二酸化炭素の排出量を削減する。
To reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
予算を削減する。
To cut the budget.
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यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
business के और शब्द
遅めに
B1Late or later than usual.
経理
B1Accounting, accounts department; managing financial records.
的確な
B1Accurate; precise; exactly correct.
達成する
B1To achieve; to accomplish a goal.
活性化
B2To make something more active, lively, or effective. It is used for communities (revitalization), economies (stimulation), and biological processes (activation).
付加
B2To add or attach something extra to an existing thing to increase its value or function.
優位性
B2The state of being in a superior or more advantageous position compared to others; an edge or competitive advantage.
有利
A2Advantageous, favorable; beneficial in a situation.
有利に
B1Advantageously; favorably.
宣伝する
B1To promote; to publicize; to advertise.
