A1 adjective तटस्थ 3 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

길다

gilda /kilda/
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Overview

The Korean word '길다' (gil-da) is an adjective that translates to 'to be long,' 'to be lengthy,' or 'to measure a great distance from end to end.' It is a fundamental descriptive term used to express the physical dimension of length for various objects, concepts, and even durations.

Usage and Conjugation:

As an adjective, '길다' functions by describing a noun. Like all Korean adjectives and verbs, '길다' conjugates based on formality levels, tense, and mood. Here are some common conjugations:

* **Dictionary Form:** 길다 (gil-da)

  • Present Tense (Informal Polite - 해요체): 길어요 (gil-eo-yo)
  • Example: 머리가 길어요. (Meo-ri-ga gil-eo-yo.) - My hair is long.
  • Present Tense (Formal Polite - 습니다체): 깁니다 (gim-ni-da)
  • Example: 기차가 깁니다. (Gi-cha-ga gim-ni-da.) - The train is long.
  • Past Tense (Informal Polite - 해요체): 길었어요 (gil-eoss-eo-yo)
  • Example: 다리가 길었어요. (Da-ri-ga gil-eoss-eo-yo.) - My legs were long.
  • Past Tense (Formal Polite - 습니다체): 길었습니다 (gil-eoss-eum-ni-da)
  • Example: 겨울이 길었습니다. (Gyeo-ul-i gil-eoss-eum-ni-da.) - The winter was long.
  • Future Tense (Informal Polite - ㄹ 거예요): 길 거예요 (gil geo-yeo-yo)
  • Example: 줄이 길 거예요. (Jul-i gil geo-yeo-yo.) - The line will be long.
  • Future Tense (Formal Polite - 겠습니다): 길겠습니다 (gil-gess-seum-ni-da)
  • (Less common for simple description, more for supposition/intention: 'It seems it will be long.')
  • Attributive Form (Present Tense - describing a noun): 긴 (gin)

* Example: 긴 여행 (gin yeo-haeng) - a long journey

  • Attributive Form (Past Tense - describing a noun): 길었던 (gil-eoss-eot-ton)
  • Example: 길었던 하루 (gil-eoss-eot-ton ha-ru) - a long day (that was long)

'길다' is frequently used in various expressions:

  • 길고 짧은 것은 대봐야 안다 (gil-go jjal-beun geo-seun dae-bwa-ya an-da): You only know if something is long or short when you compare it. (Similar to 'the proof of the pudding is in the eating.')
  • 숨이 길다 (sum-i gil-da): To have long breath; to have good stamina or endurance.
  • 말이 길다 (mal-i gil-da): To be long-winded; to talk a lot or tediously.
  • 손이 길다 (son-i gil-da): To be light-fingered; to steal frequently (literal: hands are long).
  • 다리가 길다 (da-ri-ga gil-da): To have long legs.
  • 밤이 길다 (bam-i gil-da): The night is long. (Often used poetically or to express boredom/waiting).
  • 수명이 길다 (su-myeong-i gil-da): To have a long lifespan.

Nuances and Context:

While '길다' primarily means 'long' in a physical sense, its application extends to duration and abstract concepts:

  • Physical Length: This is the most straightforward use, applying to objects like hair, roads, trains, ropes, etc.
  • 이 강은 아주 길어요. (I gang-eun a-ju gil-eo-yo.) - This river is very long.
  • Duration/Time: It can describe periods of time, events, or processes.
  • 회의가 너무 길었어요. (Hoe-ui-ga neo-mu gil-eoss-eo-yo.) - The meeting was too long.
  • 긴 겨울 방학 (gin gyeo-ul bang-hak) - a long winter vacation.
  • Abstract Concepts: In some idiomatic expressions, it can refer to abstract qualities or actions, as seen in '말이 길다' (to be long-winded).

Antonym:

The direct antonym of '길다' is '짧다' (jjalp-da), which means 'to be short.'

  • 머리가 짧아요. (Meo-ri-ga jjalb-a-yo.) - My hair is short.

Understanding '길다' is essential for describing dimensions and durations in Korean, and its various conjugations and idiomatic uses highlight its versatility in everyday language.

उदाहरण

1

이 길은 너무 길어서 한 시간 넘게 걸어야 해요.

Describing a physical path.

This road is too long, so I have to walk for over an hour.

2

머리가 길어서 묶는 게 편해요.

Describing hair length.

My hair is long, so it's more comfortable to tie it up.

3

회의가 길어져서 점심시간을 놓쳤어요.

Describing the duration of an event.

The meeting went long, so I missed lunchtime.

4

이번 휴가가 길어서 해외여행을 계획했어요.

Describing the duration of a period of time.

This vacation is long, so I planned an overseas trip.

5

목이 길어서 기린 같아요.

Describing a physical feature of a body.

My neck is long, like a giraffe.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

길다란
긴급하다
오랜
장시간

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

길다 vs 굵다

refers to thickness or stoutness

व्याकरण पैटर्न

~은/는 길다 ~게 길다 ~이/가 길다

How to Use It

इस्तेमाल की जानकारी

'길다' is an adjective and follows standard Korean adjective conjugation rules. When used attributively before a noun, it changes to '긴' (gin), as in '긴 머리' (gin meori, long hair) or '긴 시간' (gin sigan, long time). When used predicatively, it remains '길다' (e.g., '머리가 길다' - meoriga gilda, 'The hair is long'). It can be combined with adverbs of degree like '아주' (aju, very) or '너무' (neomu, too) to intensify the meaning. For example, '아주 길다' (aju gilda, very long). It is commonly used to describe physical length, duration of time, or even the length of a story or speech. Unlike some adjectives that have distinct honorific forms, '길다' does not have a separate honorific form; politeness is conveyed through sentence endings. It's important to differentiate '길다' from verbs that imply the act of 'making something long,' such as '늘이다' (neurida, to stretch out or prolong).

सामान्य गलतियाँ

A common mistake is confusing '길다' (to be long) with '짧다' (to be short). Another error can be incorrectly conjugating it, especially in more complex grammatical structures. For instance, learners might use '길다요' instead of the correct polite form '깁니다' or '길어요'. Also, remember that '길다' refers to physical length or duration, not size in general. For general size, words like '크다' (to be big) or '작다' (to be small) would be used. Ensure you're applying it in contexts that specifically denote length or duration, such as a long road, a long piece of string, or a long time.

Tips

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Usage and Nuances of '길다'

The Korean adjective '길다' (gil-da) primarily means 'to be long.' It is a versatile word used to describe physical length, duration, and even abstract concepts. When describing physical objects, it can refer to anything from a long road (길이 길다) to long hair (머리가 길다). For duration, it can describe a long time (시간이 길다) or a long meeting (회의가 길다). It’s important to remember that '길다' is an adjective, so it directly modifies nouns. For example, you would say '긴 머리' (gin meo-ri) for 'long hair' and not '길다 머리'.

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Common Mistakes and Contextual Differences

One common mistake for learners is confusing '길다' with verbs that express 'to lengthen' or 'to make something long.' '길다' describes an inherent quality of being long, not an action. For example, you wouldn't use '길다' to say 'I lengthened my hair'; instead, you would use a causative verb like '길게 하다' (gil-ge ha-da) or '늘리다' (neul-li-da). Additionally, while '길다' generally means 'long,' its nuance can change slightly depending on the context. For instance, in '말이 길다' (mal-i gil-da), it means 'to talk a lot' or 'to be long-winded,' not literally 'words are long.'

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Expanding Vocabulary with '길다' and Related Terms

To enrich your Korean vocabulary, consider related words and phrases that build upon '길다.' The adverbial form '길게' (gil-ge) means 'long' or 'at length,' as in '길게 말하다' (gil-ge mal-ha-da - to speak at length). The noun form is '길이' (gil-i), meaning 'length' or 'distance.' Antonyms include '짧다' (jjal-da - to be short). You can also explore expressions like '긴장하다' (gin-jang-ha-da - to be nervous or tense), which shares the '길' root, though its meaning has diverged. Understanding these connections can help you grasp the broader semantic field of '길다' and its applications.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

The etymology of '길다' (gilda) is deeply rooted in Old Korean and has evolved over centuries to its current form. Its origins can be traced back to the Middle Korean term '긹다' (kilkda), which itself is believed to have derived from even older forms. Old Korean Roots: While direct written records from the earliest Old Korean period are scarce, linguistic reconstruction suggests a proto-language root related to concepts of extension, length, or stretching. Scholars have posited connections to other Altaic languages, where similar-sounding words or roots convey the idea of something being long or drawn out. This commonality across language families often indicates an ancient origin, reflecting fundamental human observations of the physical world. Middle Korean Development: During the Middle Korean period (roughly 10th to 16th centuries), the word solidified into '긹다' (kilkda). This form is documented in various historical texts, including the *Hunminjeongeum Haerye* (Explanations and Examples of the Proper Sounds for the Instruction of the People), which introduced the Korean alphabet Hangeul. The 'ㄲ' (kk) sound in Middle Korean often represented a tense consonant, which later simplified or changed in pronunciation in modern Korean. The suffix '-다' (-da) is a common adjectival or verbal ending, indicating a descriptive state. Sound Changes and Modern Korean: Over time, Korean underwent significant phonological changes. The tense consonant 'ㄲ' in '긹다' eventually softened or merged, leading to the modern 'ㄱ' (g) sound. The vowel sounds also shifted, resulting in the contemporary '길다' (gilda). These sound changes are typical of language evolution, driven by factors such as ease of pronunciation, regional dialects, and the influence of other languages. Semantic Evolution: The core meaning of '길다' – 'to be long' – has remained remarkably consistent throughout its history. This stability in meaning suggests that it describes a fundamental attribute that has not required significant reinterpretation. It is used to describe physical length (e.g., a long road, long hair), temporal length (e.g., a long time), and even metaphorical length (e.g., a long story). This versatility in application further underscores its deep integration into the Korean language. Cognates and Related Terms: * There are no direct cognates in modern Korean that are immediately obvious as direct descendants from the same root with a different meaning, which highlights the singular and stable nature of '길다'. * However, related terms often involve prefixes or suffixes that modify the core meaning. For example, '늘이다' (neurida, to lengthen, to extend) shares a semantic field but has a different etymological path. Cultural Context: The concept of 'length' is universally understood, but its expression through '길다' in Korean is deeply embedded in the cultural fabric. It appears in proverbs, folk tales, and everyday expressions, reflecting the Korean perspective on time, space, and human experience. For instance, expressions like '길고 짧은 것은 대봐야 안다' (You only know what's long or short after measuring it) illustrate its idiomatic use. In summary, '길다' is a venerable Korean word with an etymological journey spanning over a millennium. From its likely Old Korean roots to its Middle Korean form '긹다' and its modern incarnation, it has consistently conveyed the meaning of 'to be long,' adapting phonologically while maintaining its semantic core. Its enduring presence and widespread use are a testament to its fundamental role in describing the world through the Korean linguistic lens.

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

The Korean word '길다' (gilda) directly translates to 'to be long' and is used in a straightforward manner similar to its English counterpart. However, its usage can carry subtle cultural nuances, particularly when describing time or duration. In Korean culture, patience and endurance are often valued, and expressions related to 'length' in time can reflect this. For instance, a 'long' wait might be described with an undertone of resilience or perseverance. When referring to physical objects, '길다' is applied broadly, from a long road (긴 길) to long hair (긴 머리). There isn't a strong cultural taboo or highly specialized usage associated with '길다' itself, but rather its application within common Korean idioms or proverbs might reveal deeper cultural insights related to endurance, effort, or the passage of time.

याद रखने का तरीका

Visualize a long, winding road or a tall, stretching tree whenever you encounter '길다'. Connect the length to something you can vividly imagine. You could also think of '길다' sounding a bit like 'geelda', and imagine a long 'field-a' extending far into the distance.

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

4 सवाल

The Korean word for 'long' is '길다' (gil-da). It is an adjective that describes something as having a great extent from one end to the other, or taking a significant amount of time.

You can use '길다' in various ways. For example, '이 연필은 길다' (i yeonpil-eun gil-da) means 'This pencil is long.' Or, '머리가 길어요' (meori-ga gireoyo) means 'My hair is long.' It can also refer to duration, like '회의가 길었어요' (hoeui-ga gireosseoyo) meaning 'The meeting was long.'

Some related words and phrases include '짧다' (jjalp-da) which means 'short,' '길이' (gil-i) which means 'length,' and '오래' (orae) which means 'for a long time.' You might also hear '긴' (gin) as the attributive form of '길다,' as in '긴 머리' (gin meori) meaning 'long hair.'

Yes, there are a few. For instance, '혀가 길다' (hyeo-ga gil-da) literally means 'one's tongue is long,' but it's an idiom used to describe someone who talks too much or is gossipy. Another is '인생은 길다' (insaeng-eun gil-da), meaning 'life is long,' often used to suggest that there's plenty of time for things to change or improve.

खुद को परखो

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치마가 너무 ____.

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:
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머리가 ____ 싶어요.

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:
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기린의 목은 정말 ____.

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:

स्कोर: /3

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