더구나
You can use 더구나 when you want to add more information to what you just said. Think of it like saying "besides that" or "what's more."
It helps to emphasize that the new information makes the situation even more significant or strong. For example, if you say something is difficult, you can use 더구나 to add another reason why it's difficult.
It's often used when the added information makes something seem worse or better. It's a useful word for making your sentences more impactful by piling on reasons or facts.
When you're speaking or writing in Korean and want to add more information that supports or reinforces what you just said, 더구나 is a great adverb to use.
It's similar to saying "besides" or "moreover" in English, and it helps connect your ideas smoothly.
You can use it to introduce an additional point that makes your argument stronger or provides extra detail.
Think of it as a way to say, "And on top of that..." or "What's more..."
When you're speaking or writing in Korean and want to add more information that supports or reinforces what you just said, 더구나 is a great adverb to use. It's similar to saying "besides" or "moreover" in English. Think of it as a way to pile on extra reasons or facts that strengthen your point.
For example, if you're explaining why you like a certain restaurant, you might say it has delicious food, and then add, "더구나, the service is excellent." This shows that not only is the food good, but there's another positive aspect as well. It helps to build a stronger case for your statement by adding additional, often stronger, points.
더구나 30 सेकंड में
- B1
- Moreover
- Furthermore
§ What "더구나" Means and When to Use It
Hello, Korean learners! Today we're diving into a very useful Korean adverb: 더구나. This word is perfect for when you want to add more information, emphasize a point, or pile on reasons. Think of it as your go-to for saying "besides," "moreover," "furthermore," or "what's more."
At its core, 더구나 acts as a connecting word. It bridges two ideas, usually by taking a previously stated point and building on it with additional, often reinforcing, information. It's like saying, "And on top of that..." or "Not only that, but..." This makes your conversations and writing flow much more smoothly and sound more natural.
- DEFINITION
- Besides, moreover, furthermore; in addition to what has been said.
Let's break down some common scenarios where 더구나 shines:
- Adding more reasons or evidence: When you've already given one reason for something and you want to provide another, stronger reason, 더구나 is your friend.
- Emphasizing a point: You can use it to highlight an additional fact that makes a previous statement even more significant.
- Introducing an unexpected or surprising detail: Sometimes, 더구나 can introduce information that adds an extra layer to what's been discussed, perhaps something that wasn't immediately obvious.
- Building an argument: In more formal contexts, it helps to build a stronger case by piling up supporting points.
Consider this simple example:
비가 오고 있어요. 더구나 바람도 많이 불어요.
Here, you're not just saying "It's raining." You're adding, "And on top of that, it's really windy." This gives a fuller picture of the bad weather. Without 더구나, you might just have two separate sentences, but with it, they are clearly connected, with the second sentence emphasizing the severity of the weather.
이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. 더구나 가격도 저렴해요.
In this case, you're praising a restaurant. First, you mention the delicious food, and then you add that the prices are also cheap, making it an even better deal. 더구나 effectively emphasizes the restaurant's overall value.
While 더구나 can be used in both formal and informal settings, it generally carries a slightly more formal or emphatic tone than simply using "그리고" (and). It’s particularly useful when you want to make sure the additional information isn't just an afterthought but a significant continuation or expansion of what you've already said.
Mastering adverbs like 더구나 is key to sounding more like a native speaker. It allows you to connect your thoughts in a sophisticated way, making your Korean more fluid and expressive. Keep an ear out for it in Korean dramas, songs, and conversations, and you'll quickly notice how frequently it's used to add depth to statements.
§ Understanding 더구나
더구나 is an adverb that you'll hear and see quite often in Korean conversations and writing. It's really useful for adding extra information or emphasizing a point you've already made. Think of it like saying 'besides,' 'moreover,' or 'furthermore' in English. It helps connect ideas smoothly and build up an argument or description.
- DEFINITION
- Besides, moreover, furthermore; in addition to what has been said.
§ Basic Placement of 더구나
더구나 usually comes at the beginning of a clause or sentence to introduce additional information. It acts as a bridge between the previous statement and the new one. It doesn't typically require any specific particles or prepositions to go with it because it's an adverb modifying the entire subsequent statement.
§ Using 더구나 for Adding Information
One of the most common ways to use 더구나 is to simply add more details or reasons to what you've just said. It's like piling on information to make your point stronger.
오늘은 날씨가 너무 좋아요. 더구나 주말이라 사람이 많아요.
- 오늘은 날씨가 너무 좋아요. (Today's weather is very good.)
- 더구나 주말이라 사람이 많아요. (Besides, since it's the weekend, there are many people.)
이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. 더구나 가격도 저렴해요.
- 이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. (This restaurant's food is delicious.)
- 더구나 가격도 저렴해요. (Furthermore, the price is also cheap.)
§ Using 더구나 for Emphasis
Sometimes, you want to use 더구나 to emphasize an even stronger or more surprising point. It can escalate the information you're presenting.
그는 똑똑해요. 더구나 아주 겸손하기까지 해요.
- 그는 똑똑해요. (He is smart.)
- 더구나 아주 겸손하기까지 해요. (Moreover, he is even very humble.)
비가 많이 왔어요. 더구나 바람도 강했어요.
- 비가 많이 왔어요. (It rained a lot.)
- 더구나 바람도 강했어요. (Besides, the wind was also strong.)
§ Common Mistakes to Avoid
While 더구나 is pretty straightforward, here are a couple of things to keep in mind:
- Don't confuse it with similar expressions like 그리고 (and) or 그래서 (so/therefore). While they also connect ideas, 더구나 specifically adds more information or emphasis to a point already made.
- It generally precedes the new statement or clause. You wouldn't typically see it in the middle or at the end of a sentence.
§ Putting it All Together
더구나 is a versatile adverb that will help your Korean sound more natural and flow better. Practice using it to connect your thoughts and add details, and you'll master it in no time!
§ Understanding 더구나
- Korean Word
- 더구나 (deoguna)
- Word Type
- Adverb
- CEFR Level
- B1
- Definition
- Besides, moreover, furthermore; in addition to what has been said. Use it to add more information or emphasize a point that strengthens your argument or description.
더구나 is a useful adverb that helps you add extra information to a sentence. Think of it as saying "what's more," "in addition," or "on top of that." It's used when you want to build upon something you've already stated, often to make your point stronger or to provide further details that support your previous statement.
§ Examples of 더구나 in Use
오늘은 날씨도 좋은데, 더구나 주말이라서 사람이 많아요.
Today the weather is good, besides, it's the weekend, so there are many people.
그는 똑똑하고 친절해요. 더구나 유머 감각도 있어요.
He is smart and kind. Moreover, he also has a sense of humor.
이 책은 내용이 좋고, 더구나 가격도 저렴합니다.
This book has good content, furthermore, the price is also cheap.
§ Similar Words and When to Use 더구나
Korean has several words that can express similar ideas of adding information. Let's look at some and understand when to pick 더구나.
그리고 (geurigo): This is the most basic conjunction meaning "and." It simply connects two sentences or clauses. While you can use it to add information, it doesn't carry the same emphasis or sense of strengthening an argument that 더구나 does. Think of it as a neutral connector.
저는 학생이고, 그리고 아르바이트도 해요.
I am a student, and I also do a part-time job.게다가 (gedaga): This is very similar to 더구나 and often interchangeable. It also means "besides," "moreover," or "what's more." The nuance is almost identical. You can often use either 더구나 or 게다가 without a significant change in meaning or naturalness. However, some native speakers might perceive 게다가 as slightly more colloquial or used when the added information is a bit more surprising or unexpected.
이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. 게다가 분위기도 좋아요.
This restaurant's food is delicious. What's more, the atmosphere is also good.뿐만 아니라 (ppunman anira): This phrase means "not only... but also..." It's used when you want to emphasize that something is true in one case, and it's also true in another case. It connects two parallel pieces of information, whereas 더구나 often builds on a single idea with an additional, reinforcing point.
그는 한국어를 뿐만 아니라 일본어도 잘해요.
He is good at Japanese as well as Korean.
How Formal Is It?
"그는 한국말을 전혀 못하고, 하물며 영어도 잘 못해요. (He can't speak Korean at all; furthermore, he can't speak English well either.)"
"날씨가 추웠어요. 더구나 바람도 많이 불었어요. (The weather was cold. Moreover, it was very windy.)"
"음식이 너무 맛있었어. 게다가 가격도 저렴했어. (The food was so delicious. Besides, the price was cheap too.)"
"나는 사탕을 먹었어요. 또, 초콜릿도 먹었어요. (I ate candy. Also, I ate chocolate.)"
"걔 완전 예뻐. 심지어 성격도 좋아. (She's super pretty. On top of that, her personality is good too.)"
रोचक तथ्य
The word '더구나' is a compound of '더' (more) and '-구나' (an exclamatory ending), emphasizing the additive nature of the information.
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Mispronouncing the 'u' as a long 'oo' sound instead of a short 'uh' sound.
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
Can be used with ~하고, ~와/과. When used with ~하고, ~와/과, it's used to add another thing or fact to a certain thing or fact, meaning 'besides that' or 'on top of that'.
그는 키가 크고 더구나 잘생겼어요. (He is tall, and handsome besides.)
Often used in sentences that emphasize an additional or further situation or fact. It adds weight to the information that follows it.
날씨가 추웠어요. 더구나 바람까지 불어서 더 춥게 느껴졌어요. (The weather was cold. Moreover, the wind was blowing, so it felt even colder.)
Can be used to introduce an additional reason or justification for something.
이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. 더구나 가격도 저렴해요. (This restaurant's food is delicious. Furthermore, the prices are also cheap.)
It is often placed at the beginning of a clause or sentence to clearly indicate an additional point.
그녀는 똑똑해요. 더구나 매우 성실해요. (She is smart. In addition, she is very diligent.)
It implies that the information being added is often more significant or impactful than what was previously stated.
늦잠을 자서 회의에 늦었어요. 더구나 중요한 발표가 있었는데... (I overslept and was late for the meeting. Moreover, there was an important presentation...)
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
오늘은 날씨가 춥다. 더구나 바람도 많이 분다.
Today the weather is cold. Moreover, the wind also blows a lot.
이 책은 재미있다. 더구나 가격도 싸다.
This book is interesting. Furthermore, the price is also cheap.
그는 똑똑하다. 더구나 부지런하다.
He is smart. Besides, he is diligent.
이 음식은 맛있다. 더구나 건강에도 좋다.
This food is delicious. Moreover, it is also good for health.
그녀는 친절하다. 더구나 예쁘다.
She is kind. Furthermore, she is pretty.
이 가방은 가볍다. 더구나 디자인도 마음에 든다.
This bag is light. Besides, I also like the design.
그는 영어를 잘한다. 더구나 한국어도 잘한다.
He speaks English well. Moreover, he also speaks Korean well.
이 식당은 음식이 맛있다. 더구나 분위기도 좋다.
This restaurant's food is delicious. Furthermore, the atmosphere is also good.
오늘은 숙제가 많아요. 더구나 내일 시험이 있어요.
I have a lot of homework today. Besides, I have a test tomorrow.
Used to add another reason or piece of information.
그 영화는 재미없었어요. 더구나 너무 길었어요.
That movie wasn't interesting. Moreover, it was too long.
Used to add an additional negative point.
이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. 더구나 가격도 싸요.
This restaurant's food is delicious. Furthermore, the price is cheap.
Used to add an additional positive point.
한국어는 어려워요. 더구나 발음도 어려워요.
Korean is difficult. In addition, the pronunciation is also difficult.
Used to emphasize an existing difficulty.
그 사람은 친절해요. 더구나 잘생겼어요.
That person is kind. Besides, they are handsome.
Used to add another positive quality.
이 옷은 비싸요. 더구나 저에게 안 맞아요.
These clothes are expensive. Moreover, they don't fit me.
Used to add an additional negative reason.
저는 한국 음식을 좋아해요. 더구나 김치는 매일 먹어요.
I like Korean food. Furthermore, I eat kimchi every day.
Used to emphasize a preference with a specific example.
오늘은 날씨가 추워요. 더구나 바람도 많이 불어요.
Today the weather is cold. In addition, the wind is blowing a lot.
Used to add more details about the weather.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
날씨가 추운데 더구나 바람까지 분다.
It's cold, and moreover, the wind is blowing.
그는 똑똑하고 더구나 성실하다.
He is smart, and furthermore, diligent.
음식이 맛없는데 더구나 비싸기까지 하다.
The food is not tasty, and besides, it's expensive.
숙제가 많은데 더구나 시험도 있다.
I have a lot of homework, and moreover, there's an exam.
그 영화는 재미없는데 더구나 길기까지 했다.
That movie was boring, and furthermore, it was long.
교통이 막히는데 더구나 비까지 온다.
Traffic is bad, and besides, it's raining.
피곤한데 더구나 잠도 못 잤다.
I'm tired, and moreover, I couldn't sleep.
일이 많은데 더구나 급하기까지 하다.
There's a lot of work, and furthermore, it's urgent.
배가 고픈데 더구나 먹을 것도 없다.
I'm hungry, and besides, there's nothing to eat.
말이 안 통하는데 더구나 화까지 낸다.
We can't communicate, and moreover, he's getting angry.
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
Very similar to '더구나', often used interchangeably or with a slightly stronger emphasis on 'even more so' or 'what's more'. It can sometimes carry a slightly negative nuance depending on the context, highlighting an additional unfavorable factor.
Used to add supporting information, often implying 'not only that, but also...' The added information generally aligns with or strengthens the preceding point without necessarily adding the strong emphasis of 'even more so' that '더구나' can convey.
A neutral connector meaning 'also' or 'in addition,' used for simple enumeration without the strong emphasis or implication of an extreme case that '더구나' often carries.
व्याकरण पैटर्न
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
'더구나' and '게다가' are often confused because both can be translated as 'besides' or 'moreover' and are used to add more information.
'게다가' is generally used to add more information that supports or reinforces the previous statement. It often implies 'not only that, but also...' The added information usually aligns with or strengthens the preceding point. For example, if you say something is good, '게다가' would add another good point. In contrast, '더구나' can add information that strengthens the previous statement, but it often implies an even stronger or more significant point, sometimes highlighting an extreme or unexpected aspect. It can also be used to emphasize that something is already true, and *even more so* because of the new information.
그녀는 예쁠 뿐만 아니라 게다가 성격도 좋아요. (She is not only pretty, but besides, her personality is good too.)
'또한' is another adverb that means 'also' or 'in addition,' leading to confusion with '더구나' which also adds information.
'또한' is a more neutral connector used to simply add another item or piece of information to a list or sequence, without necessarily emphasizing a stronger degree or an unexpected point. It's often used for simple enumeration. '더구나' carries a stronger sense of emphasis, often implying 'even more so' or 'what's more,' suggesting that the added information is particularly significant or surprising.
그는 학생이고 또한 운동선수입니다. (He is a student and also an athlete.)
This phrase means 'not only... but also...' and expresses additional information, similar to how '더구나' adds to a previous statement.
'뿐만 아니라' is a more structured grammatical construction that clearly sets up two related pieces of information, emphasizing that the second is true in addition to the first. '더구나' is a standalone adverb that can be used more flexibly to introduce an additional, often more significant, point. While both add information, '더구나' often implies a more emphatic 'what's more' or 'even more so,' whereas '뿐만 아니라' just states that both are true.
그는 똑똑할 뿐만 아니라 유머 감각도 있어요. (He is not only smart but also has a sense of humor.)
These two adverbs are sometimes used together ('게다가 더군다나'), and understanding their individual nuances is key to distinguishing them from just '더구나'.
While '게다가' and '더군다나' can both mean 'besides' or 'moreover', '게다가' tends to add information that reinforces the previous point, often in a positive or neutral way. '더군다나' (which is very similar to '더구나' and sometimes used interchangeably or as a slightly more emphatic version) often carries a stronger sense of 'even more so' or 'what's more,' often highlighting a more extreme or unexpected aspect, sometimes with a slightly negative nuance. When used together ('게다가 더군다나'), it creates a very strong emphasis on the additional information, suggesting 'not only this, but also this to an even greater degree.'
비가 왔어요, 게다가 더군다나 천둥도 쳤어요. (It rained, and furthermore, there was thunder too.)
'하물며' also introduces an additional, often stronger point, leading to overlap with '더구나'.
'하물며' is typically used when the additional point is an even more obvious or extreme case than what was previously stated. It often implies a rhetorical 'how much more so?' or 'let alone.' It suggests that if the first statement is true, then the second statement is *even more* certainly true. '더구나' is more broadly used for adding significant information, while '하물며' specifically emphasizes an argument from a weaker case to a stronger one.
어른도 하기 힘든 일인데 하물며 아이가 어떻게 하겠어요? (It's a difficult task even for adults, let alone how could a child do it?)
वाक्य संरचनाएँ
[Sentence 1]. 더구나, [Sentence 2].
날씨가 추웠어요. 더구나, 바람이 많이 불었어요. (The weather was cold. Besides, the wind blew a lot.)
[Phrase 1] 더구나 [Phrase 2]
그 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. 더구나 가격도 저렴해요. (That restaurant's food is delicious. Moreover, the price is also cheap.)
[Verb/Adjective]-았/었을 뿐만 아니라, 더구나 [additional point].
그는 친절했을 뿐만 아니라, 더구나 도움이 많이 되었어요. (Not only was he kind, but furthermore, he was a great help.)
[Situation]. 더구나, [unexpected or additional negative situation].
시험에 떨어졌어요. 더구나, 재시험 기회도 없어요. (I failed the exam. Furthermore, there's no chance for a retest.)
A는 B이다. 더구나 C는 D이다.
이 책은 내용이 유익해요. 더구나, 쉽게 읽을 수 있어요. (This book's content is beneficial. Moreover, it's easy to read.)
[Reason 1], 더구나 [Reason 2] 때문에 [Result].
시간이 없었고, 더구나 돈도 없었기 때문에 여행을 못 갔어요. (I didn't have time, and furthermore, I didn't have money, so I couldn't go on a trip.)
[Noun]은/는 [description]. 더구나 [additional characteristic]이다.
그녀는 똑똑해요. 더구나 성격도 좋아요. (She is smart. Furthermore, her personality is good too.)
[Complex sentence with multiple clauses], 더구나 [concluding remark or strong additional point].
이번 프로젝트는 기한이 짧고 예산도 부족했지만, 더구나 팀원들의 노력 덕분에 성공적으로 마칠 수 있었습니다. (This project had a short deadline and insufficient budget, but furthermore, thanks to the team members' efforts, we were able to finish it successfully.)
इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें
더구나 is used to add more information that strengthens or emphasizes a previous statement. It often implies that the added information makes the situation even more significant or extreme. Think of it as saying 'what's more' or 'on top of that.'
A common mistake is using 더구나 when simply adding unrelated information. It's best used when the additional point builds upon or amplifies the previous one. Another mistake is confusing it with similar words like '그리고' (and) or '또한' (also), which are more neutral additions. 더구나 carries a stronger sense of 'not only that, but even more so.'
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Imagine a 'DOUGHNUT' (더구나 sounds a bit like it) that's so good, you want 'MORE'! It's not just tasty; 'besides' being tasty, it's also cheap, big, etc. So, DOUGHNUT = 'MOREOVER' / 'BESIDES'.
दृश्य संबंध
Picture a stack of pancakes. You've described the first pancake (it's fluffy). Then you add another pancake on top, saying '더구나...' and describing something else about the second pancake (it's warm). Each pancake adds 'more' information, building up on what you've already said.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Describe your favorite place. First, state one reason you like it. Then, use '더구나' to add another reason. For example: '저는 이 카페를 좋아해요. 커피가 맛있어요. 더구나, 분위기도 좋아요.' (I like this cafe. The coffee is delicious. Besides, the atmosphere is also good.)
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
Native Korean
मूल अर्थ: moreover, in addition
Koreanicसांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
When Koreans use '더구나', it often signals that the speaker is adding a piece of information that further supports their previous statement, or introduces a new, often more significant, detail. It can be used in both formal and informal contexts to strengthen an argument or provide additional reasoning.
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवालThe best way to remember '더구나' is to think of it as adding more information, usually something that strengthens your previous point. Imagine you're piling on reasons or facts. For example, if you say 'It's cold,' and then add '더구나, it's raining,' you're emphasizing the unpleasant weather even more. Try to associate it with phrases like 'on top of that' or 'what's more'.
Yes, absolutely! '더구나' can introduce both positive and negative points. It just adds more information to what you've already said. For instance, you could say: 그 식당은 맛이 없어요. 더구나, 서비스도 안 좋아요. (That restaurant isn't tasty. Furthermore, the service is bad too.)
'더구나' is a relatively neutral adverb in terms of formality. You can use it in both formal and informal contexts. It's more about emphasizing an additional point than setting a specific tone. You'll hear it in everyday conversations and see it in written materials.
While both add information, '그리고' simply means 'and' or 'then,' connecting two independent ideas or actions. '더구나' goes a step further; it means 'besides' or 'moreover,' implying that the added information is an extension or an extra reinforcement of the previous statement. Think of '더구나' as providing an additional, often stronger, reason or detail.
Yes, it can. '더구나' often appears at the beginning of a clause or sentence to introduce the additional information. For example: 날씨가 추웠어요. 더구나, 바람도 많이 불었어요. (The weather was cold. Moreover, the wind blew a lot too.)
While '더구나' isn't part of many fixed idiomatic expressions, it's very commonly used simply as an adverb to add emphasis. You'll often see it followed by another statement that builds on the previous one. Think of it as a standalone word that bolsters your argument or description.
Here's a good one: 그 영화는 재미있었어요. 더구나, 배우들의 연기도 훌륭했어요. (That movie was interesting. Furthermore, the actors' performances were excellent too.) This shows how it adds a supporting detail.
Not directly. '더구나' introduces additional information that reinforces or elaborates on a previous point, but it doesn't necessarily mean that the second point is a direct cause or effect of the first. It's more about accumulation of details. For cause and effect, you'd use other conjunctions like '그래서' (so) or '때문에' (because).
Yes, '더구나' is an adverb, so it modifies the entire clause it's in. The tense of the verb in that clause can be anything – past, present, or future – depending on what you are talking about. '더구나' itself doesn't change based on tense.
For a slightly more formal tone, especially in written contexts, you might use '게다가' (furthermore, in addition) or '뿐만 아니라' (not only... but also). While '더구나' is generally fine, these can sometimes sound a bit more polished depending on the situation.
खुद को परखो 120 सवाल
저는 학생이에요. ___ 한국어를 배워요. (I am a student. __ I learn Korean.)
This sentence requires a simple 'and' to connect two statements about the speaker. '더구나' (moreover) implies adding more information to an existing point, which isn't the primary function here.
이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. ___ 싸요. (This restaurant's food is delicious. __ it's cheap.)
The sentence lists two positive attributes of the restaurant, connected by a simple 'and'. '더구나' (moreover) would fit better if the second point was a stronger or more surprising addition.
저는 커피를 좋아해요. ___ 차도 좋아해요. (I like coffee. __ I like tea too.)
The sentence expresses two preferences, which are simply linked with 'and'. '더구나' (moreover) is too strong for this simple addition.
날씨가 좋아요. ___ 산책해요. (The weather is good. __ I take a walk.)
The second part of the sentence is a consequence of the first, making '그래서' (so, therefore) the most appropriate connector. '더구나' (moreover) doesn't fit the cause-and-effect relationship.
저는 한국어를 공부해요. ___ 한국 드라마를 봐요. (I study Korean. __ I watch Korean dramas.)
These are two separate but related activities. '그리고' (and) is the most natural conjunction at this level. '더구나' (moreover) is more for emphasizing an additional point.
저는 학생이에요. ___ 매일 학교에 가요. (I am a student. __ I go to school every day.)
Being a student is a reason or cause for going to school every day, making '그래서' (so, therefore) the correct choice. '더구나' (moreover) is not suitable for a cause-and-effect relationship.
Choose the best word to fill in the blank: 저는 학생입니다. ___ 한국어를 공부합니다.
The sentence means 'I am a student. _______ I study Korean.' '더구나' (moreover) fits best to add more information about the speaker.
Which sentence uses '더구나' correctly?
'더구나' is used to add another piece of information that makes the situation more intense or significant. It's raining, and moreover, it's cold, which makes the situation worse.
Select the sentence that has a similar meaning to: '이 옷은 예쁩니다. 더구나 싸요.'
'더구나' adds another positive quality, so 'and' (고) is the most similar meaning here.
'더구나' can be used to connect two unrelated ideas.
'더구나' is used to add information that is related to and often strengthens or intensifies the previous statement.
If someone says '저는 한국어를 잘 합니다. 더구나 한국 친구가 많습니다.', it means they are good at Korean and also have many Korean friends.
'더구나' adds the information about having many Korean friends as another reason or piece of evidence for being good at Korean or as an additional positive aspect.
'더구나' is usually placed at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
'더구나' acts as a conjunctive adverb, typically introducing an additional point or reinforcing a previous one, often at the start of a new clause or sentence.
This sentence introduces oneself as a student and then adds more information about studying Korean.
This sentence describes good weather and then adds that the wind is also cool.
This sentence states that the food is delicious and then adds that it is also inexpensive.
He is smart. Besides, he is very kind.
This food is delicious. Moreover, the price is cheap too.
It's raining a lot. Furthermore, the wind is blowing a lot too.
Read this aloud:
날씨가 좋아요. 더구나 기분도 좋아요.
Focus: 더구나 (deo-gu-na)
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
저는 한국어를 공부해요. 더구나 한국 문화도 좋아해요.
Focus: 더구나 (deo-gu-na)
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
이 책은 재미있어요. 더구나 배우기도 쉬워요.
Focus: 더구나 (deo-gu-na)
तुमने कहा:
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You are making plans with a friend. You want to suggest going to the park, and also add that it's a good day for it because the weather is nice. Use '더구나' in your suggestion.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
오늘 공원에 갈까요? 더구나, 날씨가 좋아요.
Write a short sentence about why you like a certain restaurant. Mention that the food is delicious, and additionally, the service is good. Use '더구나'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
이 식당의 음식은 맛있어요. 더구나, 서비스도 좋아요.
Describe a place you like. Say that it's quiet, and also, it has a beautiful view. Use '더구나'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
그곳은 조용해요. 더구나, 경치도 아름다워요.
What is the speaker saying about learning Korean?
Read this passage:
저는 한국어를 배우고 있어요. 한국어는 재미있어요. 더구나, 한국 드라마를 볼 수 있어서 좋아요.
What is the speaker saying about learning Korean?
The passage says '한국어는 재미있어요' (Korean is fun) and '더구나, 한국 드라마를 볼 수 있어서 좋아요' (Moreover, it's good because I can watch Korean dramas).
The passage says '한국어는 재미있어요' (Korean is fun) and '더구나, 한국 드라마를 볼 수 있어서 좋아요' (Moreover, it's good because I can watch Korean dramas).
Why is this book good?
Read this passage:
이 책은 정말 좋아요. 이야기가 재미있어요. 더구나, 그림도 예뻐요.
Why is this book good?
The passage states '이야기가 재미있어요' (The story is interesting) and '더구나, 그림도 예뻐요' (Moreover, the pictures are pretty).
The passage states '이야기가 재미있어요' (The story is interesting) and '더구나, 그림도 예뻐요' (Moreover, the pictures are pretty).
What two reasons does the speaker give for liking coffee?
Read this passage:
저는 커피를 좋아해요. 아침에 마시면 잠이 깨요. 더구나, 향기도 좋아요.
What two reasons does the speaker give for liking coffee?
The passage says '아침에 마시면 잠이 깨요' (If I drink it in the morning, I wake up) and '더구나, 향기도 좋아요' (Moreover, the scent is good too).
The passage says '아침에 마시면 잠이 깨요' (If I drink it in the morning, I wake up) and '더구나, 향기도 좋아요' (Moreover, the scent is good too).
저는 그 영화가 좋았어요. ___, 배우들의 연기도 훌륭했어요.
The sentence expresses an additional positive point about the movie, making '더구나' (moreover) the most suitable connector.
날씨가 추웠어요. ___, 바람까지 불어서 더 힘들었어요.
The sentence adds another difficulty (wind) to the already cold weather, making '더구나' (furthermore) appropriate.
이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. ___, 가격도 저렴해서 좋아요.
The sentence provides an additional positive reason for liking the restaurant, which '더구나' (besides) conveys.
저는 피곤했어요. ___, 잠도 제대로 못 자서 더 힘들었어요.
The sentence adds another factor (lack of sleep) that intensified the existing fatigue, fitting '더구나' (in addition).
그는 친절해요. ___, 항상 다른 사람을 돕기 위해 노력해요.
The sentence provides an additional characteristic (helping others) that reinforces the initial statement of kindness, making '더구나' (moreover) suitable.
숙제가 많았어요. ___, 내일까지 제출해야 해서 바빴어요.
The sentence adds another reason (deadline) for being busy, in addition to the large amount of homework, which '더구나' (furthermore) expresses well.
Choose the sentence where '더구나' is used correctly.
'더구나' adds more information or emphasizes something already mentioned. All the examples correctly use it to add an additional positive or negative point.
Which word is most similar in meaning to '더구나'?
'게다가' and '더구나' are very similar in meaning, both used to add more information or emphasize a previous statement. '그리고' is a general 'and', '그래서' indicates a result, and '하지만' is a contrast.
Select the best place to insert '더구나' in the sentence: '이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. _______, 가격도 저렴해요.' (This restaurant's food is delicious. _____, the price is also cheap.)
'더구나' is typically used at the beginning of a clause or sentence to introduce additional information that supports or reinforces the previous statement.
'더구나' can be used to introduce a contrasting idea.
'더구나' is used to add more information or emphasize a point, not to introduce a contrasting idea. Words like '하지만' or '그렇지만' are used for contrasts.
If you say '오늘은 날씨가 좋아요. 더구나, 기분도 좋아요.' it means 'Today the weather is good. Moreover, I feel good too.'
The sentence correctly uses '더구나' to add a supporting detail – the good mood reinforces the idea of a good day.
'더구나' can be used interchangeably with '하지만' in most sentences.
'더구나' adds information, while '하지만' introduces a contrast. They have opposite functions and are not interchangeable.
Today the weather is good, and what's more, I'm in a good mood.
This book is interesting, and besides, the price is cheap.
That restaurant's food is delicious, and furthermore, the atmosphere is good.
Read this aloud:
저는 한국어를 배우는 것을 좋아하고, 더구나 한국 문화도 흥미로워요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
이 도시는 교통이 편리하고, 더구나 볼거리도 많아요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
그 친구는 똑똑하고, 더구나 성격도 좋아요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
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You are explaining why you like your city. Mention at least two reasons, and use '더구나' to add an additional point.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
저는 우리 도시를 정말 좋아해요. 공원이 많아서 산책하기 좋고, 더구나 맛있는 식당도 아주 많아요.
Describe a difficult day you had. Use '더구나' to emphasize an additional challenge you faced.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
어제는 정말 힘든 하루였어요. 할 일이 너무 많았고, 더구나 갑자기 비가 와서 우산도 없었어요.
Write a short message to a friend about why you can't meet up. Include at least two reasons, with '더구나' for the second reason.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
미안해, 오늘 못 만날 것 같아. 숙제가 많고, 더구나 갑자기 가족과 저녁을 먹어야 해.
화자는 왜 여행을 기대하고 있나요?
Read this passage:
이번 주말에 친구들과 여행을 가기로 했어요. 날씨도 좋다고 하고, 더구나 숙소도 아주 싸게 예약했어요. 벌써부터 기대가 돼요.
화자는 왜 여행을 기대하고 있나요?
문장에서 '날씨도 좋다고 하고, 더구나 숙소도 아주 싸게 예약했어요'라고 했으므로, 날씨가 좋고 숙소가 싸다는 것이 여행을 기대하는 이유입니다.
문장에서 '날씨도 좋다고 하고, 더구나 숙소도 아주 싸게 예약했어요'라고 했으므로, 날씨가 좋고 숙소가 싸다는 것이 여행을 기대하는 이유입니다.
이 사람은 왜 이 책을 추천하나요?
Read this passage:
저는 이 책을 추천합니다. 내용이 아주 재미있고, 더구나 배우는 것도 많아요. 읽어보시면 후회하지 않을 거예요.
이 사람은 왜 이 책을 추천하나요?
문장에서 '내용이 아주 재미있고, 더구나 배우는 것도 많아요'라고 했으므로, 내용이 재미있고 배울 것이 많다는 것이 책을 추천하는 이유입니다.
문장에서 '내용이 아주 재미있고, 더구나 배우는 것도 많아요'라고 했으므로, 내용이 재미있고 배울 것이 많다는 것이 책을 추천하는 이유입니다.
이 식당의 장점은 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
이 식당은 음식이 맛있어요. 서비스도 좋고, 더구나 가격도 비싸지 않아요. 다음에도 또 오고 싶어요.
이 식당의 장점은 무엇인가요?
문장에서 '음식이 맛있어요. 서비스도 좋고, 더구나 가격도 비싸지 않아요'라고 했으므로, 음식이 맛있고 서비스가 좋으며 가격도 비싸지 않다는 것이 장점입니다.
문장에서 '음식이 맛있어요. 서비스도 좋고, 더구나 가격도 비싸지 않아요'라고 했으므로, 음식이 맛있고 서비스가 좋으며 가격도 비싸지 않다는 것이 장점입니다.
This sentence means 'He is tall and, moreover, handsome.' '더구나' connects two positive attributes.
This sentence means 'The weather is cold, and furthermore, the wind is blowing.' '더구나' adds another negative condition.
This sentence means 'She speaks Korean well, and moreover, she knows Korean culture well.' '더구나' emphasizes an additional skill.
그는 똑똑하다. ___, 매우 부지런하다.
The sentence indicates an additional positive quality (very diligent) after stating he is smart. '더구나' (moreover, furthermore) fits perfectly to introduce this additional information.
날씨가 너무 춥다. ___, 눈까지 오기 시작했다.
The first part states the weather is very cold, and the second part adds to this by saying it also started snowing. '더구나' emphasizes this additional, often undesirable, situation.
이 식당은 음식이 맛있다. ___, 가격도 저렴하다.
The sentence highlights two positive aspects of the restaurant: delicious food and affordable prices. '더구나' is used to introduce the second positive point as an addition to the first.
나는 그에게 여러 번 조언했다. ___, 그는 듣지 않았다.
This sentence uses '더구나' to emphasize that despite the speaker giving advice multiple times, the person still didn't listen. It adds a sense of exasperation or further disappointment.
그는 약속을 어겼다. ___, 거짓말까지 했다.
The first clause states that he broke a promise, and '더구나' introduces the additional negative action of lying, intensifying the severity of his misconduct.
이 프로젝트는 시간이 오래 걸린다. ___, 예산도 많이 필요하다.
'더구나' is used here to add another challenge (high budget requirement) to the already mentioned challenge (time-consuming nature) of the project.
Choose the most natural sentence using '더구나'.
'더구나' is used to add more information that strengthens or complements the previous statement, often with an emphasizing tone. The other options either present contradictory information or simply list additional items without the emphasizing quality '더구나' implies.
Which sentence uses '더구나' correctly to add an emphasizing point?
'더구나' is used to introduce an additional piece of information that further supports or enhances the initial statement. In this case, the cheap price further emphasizes the positive aspect of the food.
Select the sentence where '더구나' is used to add a negative reinforcing point.
'더구나' can reinforce both positive and negative situations. Here, '시간이 부족했다' (time was insufficient) adds another negative aspect to the already difficult exam.
'더구나' can be replaced by '그리고' in all contexts without changing the nuance.
While '그리고' means 'and', '더구나' implies a stronger emphasis or an additional, more significant point to what was already mentioned, which '그리고' does not always convey.
If someone says '그는 똑똑하다. 더구나 성실하다.', it means he is both smart and diligent, with diligence being an added positive point.
'더구나' is used here to add '성실하다' (diligent) as an additional positive quality that reinforces or complements '똑똑하다' (smart).
You can use '더구나' to introduce a contrasting idea.
'더구나' is used to add more information that supports or reinforces the previous statement, not to introduce a contrasting idea. Words like '하지만' or '그러나' are used for contrast.
The movie was interesting and also moving.
It's cold, and what's more, the wind is blowing.
This restaurant has delicious food, and furthermore, the prices are cheap.
Read this aloud:
그 일은 힘들었고 더구나 시간도 부족했어요.
Focus: 더구나 (deo-gu-na)
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
그녀는 똑똑하고 더구나 성격도 좋아요.
Focus: 더구나 (deo-gu-na)
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
늦잠을 자서 지각했는데 더구나 숙제도 안 했어요.
Focus: 더구나 (deo-gu-na)
तुमने कहा:
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Imagine you are planning a weekend trip with a friend. Write a short message (2-3 sentences) inviting them and adding something extra you'd like to do or see. Use '더구나' naturally in your message.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
이번 주말에 우리 같이 여행 갈래? 더구나, 맛있는 현지 음식도 먹고 싶어. (Would you like to go on a trip together this weekend? Besides, I also want to eat delicious local food.)
You are recommending a new cafe to a friend. Write 2-3 sentences describing why it's good, and add an additional positive point using '더구나'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
새로운 카페가 정말 좋아. 분위기도 좋고 커피도 맛있어. 더구나, 직원들도 정말 친절해. (The new cafe is really good. The atmosphere is nice and the coffee is delicious. Moreover, the staff are also very kind.)
Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences) about a time you had a great experience, highlighting one main reason and then adding another significant detail using '더구나'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
지난 여름휴가는 정말 잊을 수 없는 경험이었어. 날씨가 너무 좋았고, 더구나 새로운 친구들도 많이 사귀었어. 해변에서 보낸 시간도 환상적이었지. (Last summer vacation was an unforgettable experience. The weather was so good, and furthermore, I made many new friends. The time spent at the beach was also fantastic.)
화자가 영화를 추천하는 가장 큰 이유와 더불어 언급한 추가적인 장점은 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
저는 이 영화를 정말 추천합니다. 스토리가 탄탄하고 배우들의 연기도 훌륭합니다. 더구나, 영상미가 뛰어나서 보는 내내 눈을 뗄 수 없었어요.
화자가 영화를 추천하는 가장 큰 이유와 더불어 언급한 추가적인 장점은 무엇인가요?
화자는 스토리와 배우들의 연기를 주요 장점으로 언급한 후, '더구나'를 사용하여 영상미가 뛰어나다는 추가적인 장점을 강조했습니다. (The speaker mentioned the story and the actors' performances as main advantages, and then used '더구나' to emphasize the additional advantage of excellent cinematography.)
화자는 스토리와 배우들의 연기를 주요 장점으로 언급한 후, '더구나'를 사용하여 영상미가 뛰어나다는 추가적인 장점을 강조했습니다. (The speaker mentioned the story and the actors' performances as main advantages, and then used '더구나' to emphasize the additional advantage of excellent cinematography.)
이 프로젝트 성공의 핵심적인 요인과 '더구나'로 추가된 요소는 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
이번 프로젝트는 성공적으로 마무리되었습니다. 팀원들의 노력이 컸고, 더구나 외부 전문가의 도움도 결정적이었습니다. 모두가 함께 노력한 결과입니다.
이 프로젝트 성공의 핵심적인 요인과 '더구나'로 추가된 요소는 무엇인가요?
프로젝트 성공의 핵심 요인으로 팀원들의 노력을 들었고, '더구나'를 통해 외부 전문가의 결정적인 도움을 추가적인 성공 요인으로 제시했습니다. (The effort of the team members was cited as a key factor for the project's success, and '더구나' was used to present the decisive help of external experts as an additional success factor.)
프로젝트 성공의 핵심 요인으로 팀원들의 노력을 들었고, '더구나'를 통해 외부 전문가의 결정적인 도움을 추가적인 성공 요인으로 제시했습니다. (The effort of the team members was cited as a key factor for the project's success, and '더구나' was used to present the decisive help of external experts as an additional success factor.)
이 식당이 데이트하기에 완벽하다고 생각하는 가장 큰 이유와 '더구나'를 통해 알 수 있는 추가적인 장점은 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
이 식당은 음식이 정말 맛있어요. 가격도 합리적이고요. 더구나, 식당 분위기도 매우 좋아서 데이트하기에 완벽해요.
이 식당이 데이트하기에 완벽하다고 생각하는 가장 큰 이유와 '더구나'를 통해 알 수 있는 추가적인 장점은 무엇인가요?
화자는 음식이 맛있고 가격이 합리적이라는 점을 먼저 언급한 후, '더구나'를 사용하여 식당 분위기가 매우 좋다는 추가적인 장점을 설명하며 데이트에 완벽하다고 결론 내렸습니다. (The speaker first mentioned that the food is delicious and the prices are reasonable, and then used '더구나' to explain the additional advantage of a very good restaurant atmosphere, concluding that it's perfect for a date.)
화자는 음식이 맛있고 가격이 합리적이라는 점을 먼저 언급한 후, '더구나'를 사용하여 식당 분위기가 매우 좋다는 추가적인 장점을 설명하며 데이트에 완벽하다고 결론 내렸습니다. (The speaker first mentioned that the food is delicious and the prices are reasonable, and then used '더구나' to explain the additional advantage of a very good restaurant atmosphere, concluding that it's perfect for a date.)
그는 한국어를 유창하게 하고, ___ 한국 문화에도 아주 박식하다.
문맥상 '그는 한국어를 유창하게 한다'는 정보에 더해 '한국 문화에도 박식하다'는 추가 정보를 제시하므로 '더구나'가 가장 적절합니다. ('He speaks Korean fluently, and moreover, he is very knowledgeable about Korean culture.')
이 프로젝트는 시간이 많이 걸리고, ___ 예산도 부족하다.
'이 프로젝트는 시간이 많이 걸린다'는 사실에 더해 '예산도 부족하다'는 추가적인 어려움을 나타낼 때 '더구나'를 사용합니다. ('This project takes a lot of time, and furthermore, the budget is insufficient.')
날씨가 너무 추운데, ___ 바람까지 세게 불고 있다.
'날씨가 너무 춥다'는 상황에 더해 '바람까지 세게 분다'는 추가적인 상황을 덧붙일 때 '더구나'를 씁니다. ('The weather is too cold, and moreover, the wind is blowing strongly.')
음식이 맛이 없었고, ___ 서비스도 좋지 않았다.
'음식이 맛이 없었다'는 부정적인 평가에 '서비스도 좋지 않았다'는 또 다른 부정적인 추가 정보를 더할 때 '더구나'를 사용합니다. ('The food was not good, and moreover, the service was not good either.')
그는 약속 시간에 늦었고, ___ 연락도 없었다.
'그는 약속 시간에 늦었다'는 사실에 '연락도 없었다'는 추가적인 무책임함을 나타낼 때 '더구나'가 적절합니다. ('He was late for the appointment, and furthermore, he didn't even contact me.')
이 책은 내용이 유익하고, ___ 문체도 매우 아름답다.
'이 책은 내용이 유익하다'는 긍정적인 평가에 '문체도 매우 아름답다'는 추가적인 긍정적인 평가를 덧붙일 때 '더구나'를 사용합니다. ('This book is informative, and moreover, its writing style is very beautiful.')
The weather is cold today. What else is making it feel even colder?
He is not only skilled. What else makes everyone like him?
This book has useful content. What else is good about it that makes it easy to buy?
Read this aloud:
이 문제는 복잡해요. 더구나 시간도 촉박해서 해결하기가 쉽지 않을 거예요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
그 식당은 음식이 맛있었어요. 더구나 분위기도 좋아서 다시 가고 싶어요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
그 프로젝트는 어려웠어요. 더구나 팀원들과 의견 차이도 있어서 진행이 더뎠어요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
You are writing a letter to a friend, explaining why you are so busy these days. Use '더구나' to add an additional reason for your busy schedule.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
요즘 정말 바빠. 회사 일이 많고, 더구나 주말에는 가족 행사가 있어서 쉴 틈이 없어.
Describe a person who is not only talented but also has a great personality. Use '더구나' to emphasize their positive character traits.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
그는 뛰어난 음악가일 뿐만 아니라, 더구나 겸손하고 친절한 성격으로 모든 사람들에게 사랑받는다.
You are giving feedback on a new product. Mention one positive aspect, and then use '더구나' to add another, more significant positive aspect.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
이 제품은 디자인이 세련되었고, 더구나 기능도 매우 편리해서 만족스럽습니다.
이 영화가 인기가 많은 추가적인 이유는 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
최근 이 영화가 큰 인기를 얻고 있습니다. 감동적인 이야기와 뛰어난 연기력 덕분이죠. 더구나, 영화는 사회 문제에 대한 깊이 있는 메시지를 담고 있어 많은 관객들에게 생각할 거리를 제공합니다.
이 영화가 인기가 많은 추가적인 이유는 무엇인가요?
'더구나'는 추가적인 이유나 정보를 덧붙일 때 사용됩니다. 지문에서는 '사회 문제에 대한 깊이 있는 메시지를 담고 있어'가 추가적인 이유로 제시됩니다.
'더구나'는 추가적인 이유나 정보를 덧붙일 때 사용됩니다. 지문에서는 '사회 문제에 대한 깊이 있는 메시지를 담고 있어'가 추가적인 이유로 제시됩니다.
이 여행이 '잊을 수 없는 경험'이 된 추가적인 이유는 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
이번 여행은 정말 성공적이었습니다. 날씨가 좋아서 아름다운 풍경을 마음껏 즐길 수 있었죠. 더구나, 현지 음식이 너무 맛있어서 잊을 수 없는 경험이 되었습니다.
이 여행이 '잊을 수 없는 경험'이 된 추가적인 이유는 무엇인가요?
'더구나'는 앞에서 언급된 내용에 더하여 추가적인 긍정적 측면을 설명할 때 사용됩니다. 여기서는 '현지 음식이 너무 맛있어서'가 잊을 수 없는 경험이 된 추가적인 이유입니다.
'더구나'는 앞에서 언급된 내용에 더하여 추가적인 긍정적 측면을 설명할 때 사용됩니다. 여기서는 '현지 음식이 너무 맛있어서'가 잊을 수 없는 경험이 된 추가적인 이유입니다.
이 프로젝트에서 겪는 추가적인 어려움은 무엇인가요?
Read this passage:
새로운 프로젝트를 시작했습니다. 작업량이 많아 야근이 잦습니다. 더구나, 팀원들과의 소통 문제까지 겹쳐서 어려움이 많습니다.
이 프로젝트에서 겪는 추가적인 어려움은 무엇인가요?
'더구나'는 이전에 언급된 어려움에 더해서 추가적인 어려움을 설명할 때 쓰입니다. 여기서는 '팀원들과의 소통 문제'가 추가적인 어려움으로 제시됩니다.
'더구나'는 이전에 언급된 어려움에 더해서 추가적인 어려움을 설명할 때 쓰입니다. 여기서는 '팀원들과의 소통 문제'가 추가적인 어려움으로 제시됩니다.
그는 똑똑하고, ___ 성실하기까지 합니다.
The sentence lists positive attributes. '더구나' (moreover) fits well to add another positive trait after '똑똑하고' (smart). The other options imply contrast or consequence.
날씨가 추운데다가, ___ 눈까지 내리기 시작했어요.
The sentence presents two related negative conditions. '더구나' (furthermore) effectively connects '날씨가 추운데다가' (it's cold) with '눈까지 내리기 시작했어요' (it started snowing), emphasizing the worsening situation.
이번 프로젝트는 기한이 촉박한데, ___ 예산까지 부족합니다.
The sentence describes multiple challenges for a project. '더구나' (in addition) is suitable for adding another challenge, '예산까지 부족합니다' (the budget is insufficient), to '기한이 촉박한데' (the deadline is tight).
그 식당은 음식이 맛있고, ___ 가격도 저렴해서 인기가 많아요.
This sentence lists reasons for a restaurant's popularity. '더구나' (moreover) is used to add another positive attribute, '가격도 저렴해서' (the prices are cheap), to '음식이 맛있고' (the food is delicious).
그는 약속을 자주 어기고, ___ 연락도 잘 안 받습니다.
The sentence describes negative behaviors. '더구나' (besides) connects '약속을 자주 어기고' (he often breaks promises) with '연락도 잘 안 받습니다' (he doesn't answer calls well), presenting an accumulating list of issues.
그녀는 외국어를 여러 개 할 수 있고, ___ 한국어는 원어민 수준입니다.
The sentence highlights language abilities. '더구나' (furthermore) is used to emphasize an even more impressive skill, '한국어는 원어민 수준입니다' (her Korean is native level), after mentioning '외국어를 여러 개 할 수 있고' (she can speak several foreign languages).
He is smart, and moreover, diligent, so he always receives good evaluations.
The weather is cold, and furthermore, it's snowing, so the roads are very slippery.
This plan is expensive, and moreover, there's not enough time, so it seems difficult to succeed.
Read this aloud:
그는 한국어를 잘하고, 더구나 문화에도 깊이 이해가 있어서 소통이 아주 원활해요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
이 책은 내용이 유익하고, 더구나 쉽게 쓰여서 초보자도 읽기 좋아요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
여행은 즐거웠지만, 더구나 예상치 못한 사건들로 인해 기억에 남을 추억이 많아요.
Focus: 더구나
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence means 'He is tall, and moreover, handsome.' The word '더구나' connects two positive attributes.
This sentence means 'The weather is cold, and furthermore, the wind is blowing strongly.' '더구나' adds another negative condition.
This sentence means 'He is smart, and moreover, diligent, so he is recognized by everyone.' '더구나' emphasizes an additional positive quality.
/ 120 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Use '더구나' to add emphasis or extra information to a previous statement.
- B1
- Moreover
- Furthermore
उदाहरण
이 옷은 디자인도 예쁘고, 더구나 가격도 저렴하다.
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
business के और शब्द
에 대한
A2Concerning or relating to; about, regarding.
~대하여
A2About, concerning, regarding.
대해서
A2Concerning or with regard to; about, regarding.
에 대해
A2About; regarding.
풍요롭다
A2To be abundant, prosperous, or rich.
관철하다
B2To carry through, achieve, or persist in one's will or goal until it is accomplished, despite difficulties.
~에 따라
B1According to, depending on; as stated by or determined by.
에 따라
A2According to; in accordance with.
에 의하면
B1According to; as stated by or reported by.
계좌번호
A2A unique identifier for a bank account.
