外国 30 सेकंड में
- 外国 (wàiguó) means 'foreign country' and is used to refer to any nation other than your own. It is a very common and essential word.
- It combines '外' (outside) and '国' (country). It can be a noun or modify other nouns like 'friends' (外国人) or 'food' (外国菜).
- Distinguish it from '国外' (guówài), which usually means 'abroad' as a location. '外国' is the country itself as an entity.
- It is neutral and formal, used in everything from daily travel talk to high-level international news and business reports.
The Chinese word 外国 (wàiguó) is a fundamental noun that translates literally to 'outside country' or 'foreign country.' It is composed of two characters: 外 (wài), meaning 'outside' or 'external,' and 国 (guó), meaning 'country' or 'nation.' Together, they form the standard way to refer to any nation other than one's own. In the context of a speaker in China, '外国' refers to any country except China. It is a neutral term, though its usage can vary from purely geographical to cultural and social contexts.
- Geographical Use
- Used to denote physical locations outside the domestic borders. For example, traveling to a '外国' implies crossing international boundaries.
- Cultural Attribute
- Often used as a prefix to describe things originating from abroad, such as '外国菜' (foreign food) or '外国电影' (foreign movies).
我想去外国留学，学习新的文化。 (Wǒ xiǎng qù wàiguó liúxué, xuéxí xīn de wénhuà.)
In daily conversation, '外国' is ubiquitous. Whether you are discussing international news, planning a vacation, or talking about learning a foreign language (外国语), this word serves as the anchor for all things non-domestic. It is important to note that while '外国' refers to the country, '外国人' (wàiguó rén) refers to a foreigner. The term is generally polite, though in very informal settings, you might hear other slang terms which are less formal.
这家书店有很多外国杂志。 (Zhè jiā shūdiàn yǒu hěnduō wàiguó zázhì.)
- Formal Context
- In government or business documents, '外国' is used to define foreign entities, such as '外国投资' (foreign investment).
Using 外国 correctly requires understanding its role as a noun that often functions like an adjective (an attributive). In English, we might say 'foreign' (adjective) or 'foreign country' (noun). In Chinese, '外国' covers both roles depending on its placement.
- As a Direct Object
- When you are going to or talking about the place itself. Example: '他从来没去过外国' (He has never been to a foreign country).
你最想去哪个外国旅游？ (Nǐ zuì xiǎng qù nǎge wàiguó lǚyóu?)
When '外国' modifies another noun, it usually doesn't need the particle '的' (de) if the relationship is close and common, such as '外国朋友' (foreign friend) or '外国公司' (foreign company). However, if you want to emphasize the description, '的' can be added.
很多外国学生在大连学习汉语。 (Hěnduō wàiguó xuésheng zài Dàlián xuéxí Hànyǔ.)
- Common Patterns
- 1. 去外国 (Go to a foreign country)
2. 外国+Noun (Foreign [Noun])
3. 来自外国 (Come from a foreign country)
You will encounter 外国 in a variety of real-life scenarios in China. From the airport to the classroom, it is a key term for navigating international interactions.
- At the Airport
- Announcements regarding '外国航班' (foreign flights) or '持外国护照的旅客' (passengers holding foreign passports) are common.
请持外国护照的旅客在此排队。 (Qǐng chí wàiguó hùzhào de lǚkè zài cǐ páiduì.)
In schools and universities, '外国语学院' (College of Foreign Languages) is a standard department name. Students often discuss their desire to study in a '外国' or their experiences with '外国老师' (foreign teachers).
他在一家外国银行工作。 (Tā zài yījiā wàiguó yínháng gōngzuò.)
In the media, news reports frequently mention '外国政府' (foreign governments) or '外国媒体' (foreign media) when discussing international relations. It is a formal and objective term in these settings.
Even though 外国 seems simple, learners often trip up on its nuances compared to related words.
- Mistake 1: Confusing 外国 and 国外
- Learners often say '他在外国' when they mean 'He is abroad.' While understandable, '他在国外' (He is in [the area] outside the country) is more natural for expressing location. '外国' is the entity; '国外' is the location.
Incorrect: 我想去国外语学校。
Correct: 我想去外国语学校。 (I want to go to a foreign language school.)
Mistake 2: Overusing the term. In English, we might name the specific country (e.g., 'I like French food'). In Chinese, beginners sometimes stick to '我喜欢外国菜' (I like foreign food) because they haven't learned the specific country names. While correct, it sounds vague.
- Mistake 3: Measure Words
- When counting foreign countries, use '个' (gè). Example: '三个外国' (Three foreign countries).
Understanding the synonyms for 外国 helps you sound more sophisticated and precise.
- 国外 (guówài)
- Focuses on the location 'abroad.' Used with '在' (zài) or '到' (dào). Example: '在国外生活' (living abroad).
- 海外 (hǎiwài)
- Literally 'overseas.' Often used in business or for Chinese diaspora contexts. Example: '海外华人' (overseas Chinese).
- 异国 (yìguó)
- A more literary or poetic term meaning 'strange/different land.' Often used in phrases like '异国他乡' (a foreign land far from home).
他非常向往异国情调。 (Tā fēicháng xiàngwǎng yìguó qíngdiào.)
In formal writing, you might also see 他国 (tāguó), which means 'other countries' or 'another country,' often used when comparing one's own nation to others in a political context.
How Formal Is It?
रोचक तथ्य
The character '国' (guó) used to have a 'weapon' (戈) inside it to signify defense, but the modern simplified version has 'jade' (玉) inside, though the traditional version '國' has 'territory' (或).
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Pronouncing 'guó' with a flat first tone.
- Pronouncing 'wài' like 'way' instead of 'why'.
- Mixing up the tones, making it sound like 'wāigǔo'.
- Failing to rise enough on the second syllable.
- Stressing the second syllable too heavily.
कठिनाई स्तर
The characters are relatively simple and very common in texts.
The character '国' has several strokes, but is learned very early.
Easy to pronounce if you master the 4th and 2nd tones.
Very easy to recognize in spoken Chinese due to its frequency.
आगे क्या सीखें
पूर्वापेक्षाएँ
आगे सीखें
उन्नत
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
我想去外国。
I want to go to a foreign country.
Simple Subject + Verb + Object structure.
他是外国人。
He is a foreigner.
Using '人' after '外国' to denote a person.
外国大吗？
Are foreign countries big?
Simple question with '吗'.
我学外国语。
I study a foreign language.
'外国语' is a compound noun.
他不认识外国人。
He doesn't know any foreigners.
Negative sentence with '不'.
外国菜好吃吗？
Is foreign food tasty?
'外国菜' means foreign food/cuisine.
那是外国书。
That is a foreign book.
Demonstrative pronoun '那'.
你去过外国吗？
Have you been to a foreign country?
Using '过' for past experience.
我的外国朋友很多。
I have many foreign friends.
Possessive '的' is used here.
他喜欢看外国电影。
He likes watching foreign movies.
'看' used for watching.
这个外国学生很聪明。
This foreign student is very smart.
Measure word '个' for student.
你想去哪个外国旅游？
Which foreign country do you want to travel to?
'哪个' asks 'which'.
外国的生活很贵吗？
Is life in foreign countries expensive?
Subject is '外国的生活'.
他在一家外国公司工作。
He works in a foreign company.
Prepositional phrase '在...工作'.
我不习惯吃外国菜。
I'm not used to eating foreign food.
'习惯' means to be used to.
外国的冬天冷不冷？
Is winter in foreign countries cold?
Affirmative-negative question '冷不冷'.
学习外国文化很有意思。
Learning foreign culture is very interesting.
Gerund-like subject '学习外国文化'.
他打算明年去外国留学。
He plans to go abroad to study next year.
'打算' indicates a plan.
很多外国游客来北京旅游。
Many foreign tourists come to Beijing for travel.
'游客' is a formal word for tourist.
外国的产品质量怎么样？
How is the quality of foreign products?
'怎么样' asks about quality/status.
虽然他是外国人，但他汉语很好。
Although he is a foreigner, his Chinese is very good.
Conjunction '虽然...但是...'.
我在外国语学院学习。
I study at the College of Foreign Languages.
Specific name of an institution.
外国的法律和中国不同。
Foreign laws are different from China's.
'和...不同' means different from.
他带了一些外国礼物回来。
He brought back some foreign gifts.
'带' means to bring.
外国投资对经济发展很重要。
Foreign investment is very important for economic development.
'对...很...' indicates importance to something.
这家饭店专门做外国菜。
This restaurant specializes in foreign cuisine.
'专门' means specially/exclusively.
外国专家被邀请参加会议。
Foreign experts were invited to attend the meeting.
Passive voice with '被'.
他经常关注外国的新闻。
He often follows foreign news.
'关注' means to follow/pay attention to.
外国媒体对此事进行了报道。
Foreign media reported on this matter.
'进行' is used for formal actions.
外国的技术在中国很受欢迎。
Foreign technology is very popular in China.
'受欢迎' means popular.
他能熟练地翻译外国文献。
He can proficiently translate foreign literature.
'熟练地' is an adverbial phrase.
外国的教育体制值得借鉴。
Foreign educational systems are worth learning from.
'值得' means worth/worthy of.
外国势力的干涉引起了关注。
Interference from foreign forces has drawn attention.
Formal political terminology.
他深受外国文学的影响。
He is deeply influenced by foreign literature.
'深受...的影响' is a common B2/C1 structure.
外国资本的涌入改变了市场格局。
The influx of foreign capital changed the market structure.
'涌入' means to pour in/influx.
我们要批判性地吸收外国文化。
We should critically absorb foreign culture.
'批判性地' means critically.
外国直接投资是全球化的重要部分。
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an important part of globalization.
Economic term '外国直接投资'.
政府颁布了关于外国机构的新规定。
The government issued new regulations regarding foreign institutions.
'颁布' is a high-level verb for issuing laws.
外国游客对中国的认知正在改变。
Foreign tourists' perception of China is changing.
'认知' means perception/cognition.
他在探讨外国哲学方面的造诣很深。
He has deep knowledge in exploring foreign philosophy.
'造诣' refers to academic achievement.
在外国思潮的冲击下，传统观念发生了动摇。
Under the impact of foreign ideological trends, traditional concepts have been shaken.
Complex metaphorical language.
该论文深入剖析了外国援助的局限性。
The paper provides an in-depth analysis of the limitations of foreign aid.
'剖析' means to dissect/analyze deeply.
外国资本的扩张往往伴随着文化渗透。
The expansion of foreign capital is often accompanied by cultural infiltration.
'渗透' means infiltration/permeation.
他致力于研究外国史学的发展脉络。
He is dedicated to studying the development context of foreign historiography.
'脉络' refers to the sequence or context.
外国直接投资与本土产业的共生关系。
The symbiotic relationship between FDI and local industries.
'共生' means symbiosis.
在全球化背景下，外国与本土的界限日益模糊。
In the context of globalization, the boundaries between foreign and local are increasingly blurred.
'日益' means day by day/increasingly.
外国文学译介在中国近现代史上具有重要意义。
The translation and introduction of foreign literature hold great significance in modern Chinese history.
'译介' is a formal term for translation and introduction.
他以独特的视角审视外国政治体制的弊端。
He examines the drawbacks of foreign political systems from a unique perspective.
'弊端' means drawbacks/malpractices.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
— To go to a foreign country. Often used for travel or moving.
我明年要去外国。
— Foreigner. The standard polite term for someone from another country.
很多外国人在上海工作。
— Foreign movie. Used to describe non-domestic films.
你看过这部外国电影吗？
— Foreign goods. Can sometimes have a slightly informal or consumerist tone.
他喜欢买外国货。
— Foreign speech/language. More informal than '外国语'.
他在说外国话。
— Foreign literary classics. Used in educational contexts.
我喜欢读外国名著。
— Foreign expert. Often used for consultants or teachers.
学校聘请了外国专家。
— Foreign bank. Common in financial contexts.
外国银行的利息高吗？
— Foreign student studying abroad. Very specific term.
他是这里的外国留学生。
— Foreign holidays (e.g., Christmas in China).
现在的年轻人也过外国节日。
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
— A foreign land far from home. Describes the feeling of being in a strange place.
独自一人在异国他乡，他感到很孤独。
Literary— Make foreign things serve China. A famous slogan about learning from abroad.
我们要坚持洋为中用的原则。
Political/Formal— Worship foreign things and fawn on foreign powers. A negative idiom used for people who prefer foreign things excessively.
我们不能崇洋媚外，要自信。
Informal/Critical— To travel across many seas. Often implies going to a very distant foreign country.
他远渡重洋去求学。
Literary— Things brought from abroad. Often refers to imported goods or ideas.
这些技术都是舶来之物。
Formal— People from foreign nations. Very formal and slightly old-fashioned.
欢迎各位外邦人士。
Formal— Exotic atmosphere or flavor. Used to describe foreign-style places.
这里充满了异域风情。
Descriptive— Strange stories from overseas. Used for unbelievable or ridiculous claims.
这简直是海外奇谈。
Informal— Advice or methods from elsewhere that can help one improve. Often used regarding foreign experience.
他山之石，可以攻玉。
Literary— Close the country to the outside world. Used historically to describe isolationism.
闭关锁国导致了落后。
Historical/Formalशब्द परिवार
संज्ञा
विशेषण
संबंधित
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Think of 'Wài' as 'Way out' and 'Guó' as 'Goal' (a country is a goal for travelers). So, 'Way out Goal' = Foreign country.
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a wall (the border). Inside is '中' (Center/China), and anything '外' (Outside) the wall is '外国'.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Try to name 5 '外国' (foreign countries) in Chinese right now! (e.g., 美国, 英国, 法国, 德国, 日本).
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
The term '外国' has been used in Chinese for centuries to distinguish the 'Central Kingdom' (中国) from surrounding and distant lands. It combines '外' (outside/external) and '国' (state/nation).
मूल अर्थ: Originally referred to any territory or state outside the immediate control or cultural sphere of the ruling Chinese dynasty.
Sino-Tibetan.सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
While '外国人' is neutral, avoid using '老外' (lǎowài) in formal settings, as it is a very informal term for foreigners that some might find slightly jarring, though it is usually used affectionately.
In English, 'foreign' can sometimes sound slightly exclusionary or alienating. In Chinese, '外国' is the standard, neutral term and is not usually considered offensive.
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
Travel
- 去外国旅游
- 外国护照
- 外国签证
- 外国货币
Education
- 外国语学院
- 外国留学生
- 学习外国文化
- 外国老师
Dining
- 外国菜
- 外国餐厅
- 外国酒
- 外国口味
Business
- 外国公司
- 外国投资
- 外国市场
- 外国银行
Media
- 外国新闻
- 外国媒体
- 外国电影
- 外国杂志
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"你最想去哪个外国旅游？ (Which foreign country do you want to visit most?)"
"你喜欢吃哪种外国菜？ (What kind of foreign food do you like?)"
"你有很多外国朋友吗？ (Do you have many foreign friends?)"
"你觉得住在外国有意思吗？ (Do you think living in a foreign country is interesting?)"
"你看过好听的外国歌吗？ (Have you heard any good foreign songs?)"
Summary
The word '外国' is the standard Chinese term for 'foreign country.' It is versatile, acting as both a noun and a modifier. For example, '我想去外国' (I want to go to a foreign country) shows its use as a destination.
- 外国 (wàiguó) means 'foreign country' and is used to refer to any nation other than your own. It is a very common and essential word.
- It combines '外' (outside) and '国' (country). It can be a noun or modify other nouns like 'friends' (外国人) or 'food' (外国菜).
- Distinguish it from '国外' (guówài), which usually means 'abroad' as a location. '外国' is the country itself as an entity.
- It is neutral and formal, used in everything from daily travel talk to high-level international news and business reports.
उदाहरण
他喜欢去外国旅行。
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
संबंधित मुहावरे
travel के और शब्द
几天
A2कितने दिन? (प्रश्न) या कुछ दिन (अनिश्चित मात्रा)।
国外
A2विदेश; देश के बाहर।
转换插头
A2विदेश यात्रा के दौरान इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स का उपयोग करने के लिए ट्रैवल एडॉप्टर आवश्यक है।
转换器
A2कन्वर्टर
地址卡
A2पता कार्ड एक छोटा कार्ड है जिसमें नाम, फोन नंबर और ईमेल पता जैसे संपर्क विवरण होते हैं। इसका उपयोग संपर्क विवरण आसानी से साझा करने के लिए किया जाता है।
冒险
A2उसे रोमांच पसंद है और वह अक्सर अकेले यात्रा करता है।
冒险家
A2एक साहसी वह व्यक्ति है जो रोमांचक और खतरनाक अनुभवों की तलाश करता है।
非洲
A2अफ्रीका यूरोप के दक्षिण और एशिया के दक्षिण-पश्चिम में स्थित एक महाद्वीप है। यह अपनी विविध संस्कृतियों और अद्वितीय वन्यजीवों के लिए जाना जाता है। '非洲' (Fēizhōu) शब्द इस महाद्वीप के लिए चीनी नाम है।
前方
A2Ahead, in front.
飞机票
A1हवाई जहाज़ का टिकट एक दस्तावेज़ है जो पुष्टि करता है कि एक व्यक्ति उड़ान पर सीट का हकदार है।
