A2 verb ニュートラル #300 よく出る 2分で読める

must

/mʌst/

何かを必ずしなければならないことを示します。それは重要です。例えば、「宿題をしなければならない」。

Must conveys absolute necessity or strong logical certainty.

30秒でわかる単語

  • Used to express strong necessity or obligation.
  • Used to indicate logical certainty or deduction.
  • Used in the negative form to express prohibition.

Summary

Must conveys absolute necessity or strong logical certainty.

  • Used to express strong necessity or obligation.
  • Used to indicate logical certainty or deduction.
  • Used in the negative form to express prohibition.

Remember the Base Form Rule

Always follow 'must' with the base form of the verb. Never add 'to' or change the verb ending.

Don't Confuse Prohibition with Lack of Necessity

Remember that 'mustn't' means 'do not do this,' while 'don't have to' means 'it is optional.'

Use Must for Strong Recommendations

In English-speaking cultures, saying 'You must see this movie' is a way to show high enthusiasm rather than a literal command.

例文

4 / 4
1

I must finish this report by five o'clock.

2

All employees must wear identification badges.

3

You must try this pizza, it is incredible!

4

The data must be analyzed before publication.

語族

名詞
must (a necessity)
動詞
must
形容詞
musty

覚え方のコツ

Think of 'Must' as a 'Magnet' pulling you toward an action that cannot be avoided. If you see a 'Must', you 'Must' do it!

Overview

'Must' is a fundamental modal auxiliary verb in English. Unlike standard verbs, it does not change form; it remains 'must' regardless of the subject (I, you, he, she, it, we, they). It is primarily used to indicate obligation or necessity. Usage Patterns: When expressing obligation, 'must' implies that the speaker is imposing the rule or that the situation is unavoidable. It is followed by the base form of the main verb without 'to' (e.g., 'You must go'). In negative form, 'must not' (or 'mustn't') expresses prohibition, indicating that something is strictly forbidden. Beyond obligation, 'must' is used for logical deduction, such as 'He must be tired,' meaning the speaker is almost certain this is true based on evidence. Common Contexts: You will encounter 'must' in formal instructions, legal documents, and rules, such as 'Passengers must remain seated.' In conversation, it is used to give strong advice, like 'You must try this cake; it is delicious.' It is also common in deductive reasoning when observing facts. Similar Words Comparison: 'Must' is often compared to 'have to.' While they are synonyms, 'must' usually reflects the speaker's personal authority or internal feeling of necessity, whereas 'have to' often refers to external rules or circumstances. Furthermore, 'should' is a weaker version of 'must,' used for suggestions rather than absolute requirements. Understanding these nuances helps in selecting the right level of urgency in your communication.

使い方のコツ

Must is versatile and used across both formal and informal registers. In formal writing, it is preferred for rules and regulations. In spoken English, it is often used to emphasize personal feelings or strong suggestions. Remember that it does not change based on the subject.

よくある間違い

A common error is adding 'to' after must, such as 'I must to go,' which is incorrect. Another mistake is using 'must' to talk about the past, where 'had to' is required. Finally, learners sometimes confuse 'must not' (prohibition) with 'don't have to' (lack of necessity).

覚え方のコツ

Think of 'Must' as a 'Magnet' pulling you toward an action that cannot be avoided. If you see a 'Must', you 'Must' do it!

語源

The word originates from the Old English 'mōste,' which is the past tense of 'mōt,' meaning 'to be able to' or 'to have permission.' Over time, it evolved to express necessity and obligation in modern English.

文化的な背景

In many English-speaking cultures, 'must' is used to show enthusiasm. Using 'must' when inviting someone to a restaurant or suggesting a book shows that you feel very strongly about the quality of the experience.

例文

1

I must finish this report by five o'clock.

everyday
2

All employees must wear identification badges.

formal
3

You must try this pizza, it is incredible!

informal
4

The data must be analyzed before publication.

academic

語族

名詞
must (a necessity)
動詞
must
形容詞
musty

よく使う組み合わせ

must do
must have
must be

よく使うフレーズ

a must

must-see

must-have

よく混同される語

must vs have to

'Must' is usually for personal opinion or rules set by the speaker, while 'have to' is for external obligations like laws or schedules.

must vs should

'Must' indicates an absolute necessity, whereas 'should' is used for advice or something that is a good idea but not strictly required.

文法パターン

must + base verb must not + base verb subject + must + verb

Remember the Base Form Rule

Always follow 'must' with the base form of the verb. Never add 'to' or change the verb ending.

Don't Confuse Prohibition with Lack of Necessity

Remember that 'mustn't' means 'do not do this,' while 'don't have to' means 'it is optional.'

Use Must for Strong Recommendations

In English-speaking cultures, saying 'You must see this movie' is a way to show high enthusiasm rather than a literal command.

自分をテスト

fill blank

Choose the correct verb form to complete the sentence.

You ___ wear a seatbelt while driving.

正解! おしい! 正解: must

Must is a modal verb followed by the base form of the verb.

multiple choice

Identify the meaning of 'must' in this sentence.

She has been working for ten hours; she must be exhausted.

正解! おしい! 正解: Logical deduction

The speaker is drawing a conclusion based on the evidence provided.

sentence building

Select the correct negative form.

You ___ touch the painting in the museum.

正解! おしい! 正解: must not

Museums have rules, so touching art is prohibited, requiring 'must not'.

スコア: /3

よくある質問

4 問

No, 'must' does not have a past tense form. To express a past obligation, we use 'had to' instead.

'Must not' means something is forbidden or prohibited. 'Don't have to' means there is no obligation, but you are free to do it if you choose.

No, 'must' is a modal verb and is always followed by the base form of the verb without 'to'. For example, say 'I must eat,' not 'I must to eat.'

It can be formal when used for rules, but it is also very common in everyday speech. Its level of formality depends on the context of the sentence.

役に立った?
まだコメントがありません。最初に考えをシェアしましょう!