このページをあなたの言語で

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

한국어

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A2 conjunction #400 よく出る 9分で読める

اگرچه

上位400

At the A1 level, you are just beginning to connect simple ideas. While 'اگرچه' (although) might seem a bit advanced, it is a great word to learn early because it helps you move beyond simple 'and' and 'but' sentences. At this stage, think of 'اگرچه' as a way to say 'even though.' You can use it for very basic things like the weather or your feelings. For example, 'اگرچه گرسنه هستم، اما غذا نمی‌خورم' (Although I am hungry, I am not eating). The most important thing for A1 learners is to remember the 'اگرچه... اما' pattern. It's like a see-saw: 'اگرچه' is on one side, and 'اما' is on the other. Even if you don't use it perfectly, native speakers will understand that you are trying to show a contrast. Focus on short sentences with common verbs like 'to be' (بودن) and 'to have' (داشتن).

As an A2 learner, you are expected to handle routine tasks and simple descriptions. 'اگرچه' is perfect for this level because it allows you to describe situations with more detail. You might use it to talk about your job, your studies, or your daily life. For instance, 'اگرچه فارسی سخت است، اما من آن را دوست دارم' (Although Persian is difficult, I like it). At this stage, you should start noticing 'اگرچه' in the things you read, like simple news stories or graded readers. You should also practice placing 'اگرچه' in different parts of the sentence. Try saying the contrast first, then the concession: 'من به مدرسه می‌روم، اگرچه مریضم' (I am going to school, although I am sick). This will make your speaking sound more flexible and less like you are just following a rigid formula.

At the B1 level, you are becoming an independent user of Persian. You can now use 'اگرچه' to express opinions and explain your plans in more detail. You will encounter this word frequently in media and more complex texts. At this level, you should be able to distinguish between 'اگرچه' and its more informal counterpart 'با اینکه'. You should also start using 'اگرچه' to structure longer arguments. For example, in a short essay about technology, you might write: 'اگرچه اینترنت فواید زیادی دارد، اما مشکلاتی هم ایجاد کرده است' (Although the internet has many benefits, it has also created problems). You are also ready to learn related words like 'هرچند' and 'با وجود اینکه' to vary your vocabulary and avoid repeating the same word too often.

B2 learners are expected to understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics. 'اگرچه' becomes a vital tool for academic and professional communication. You should be comfortable using it to acknowledge counter-arguments before presenting your own point of view. This is a key skill for debates and formal writing. At this level, you should also pay attention to the rhythmic and stylistic qualities of 'اگرچه'. In a speech, using 'اگرچه' can create a sense of balance and authority. You should also be able to understand 'اگرچه' when it is used in more figurative or idiomatic ways in literature or high-level journalism. Your use of the word should feel natural, and you should rarely make the mistake of forgetting the 'اما' or 'ولی' that often follows it.

At the C1 level, you have a high level of proficiency and can use Persian for social, academic, and professional purposes. 'اگرچه' is now a word you use with total precision. You understand its subtle differences from 'هرچند' and 'علیرغم'. You can use it in complex, multi-clause sentences without losing the logical thread. For a C1 learner, 'اگرچه' is not just a conjunction; it's a stylistic choice. You might choose it over 'با اینکه' specifically to evoke a more formal or classical tone. You are also capable of appreciating how great Persian writers and poets have used 'اگرچه' (or 'گرچه') to create layers of meaning. You can analyze a text and explain how the use of this conjunction affects the overall tone and message of the piece.

As a C2 learner, you have mastered the Persian language to a degree that approaches that of an educated native speaker. 'اگرچه' is a tool you use with effortless grace. You can use it in highly specialized contexts, such as legal documents, philosophical treatises, or classical poetry analysis. You understand the historical evolution of the word and its role in the development of Persian prose. At this level, you might even use 'اگرچه' in creative writing to mimic specific historical styles or to create a particular atmosphere. You are fully aware of the word's weight and can use it to convey the finest shades of meaning. There is no nuance of 'اگرچه' that is hidden from you, and you can use it to construct arguments that are both logically sound and rhetorically beautiful.

練習する例文メモとヒント

اگرچه 30秒で

اگرچه is a formal Persian conjunction meaning 'although' or 'even though', used to introduce a contrast between two related ideas in a sentence.
It is primarily used in written Persian, news, and formal speech, whereas 'با اینکه' is more common in casual, everyday spoken conversation.
The typical sentence structure is 'اگرچه [Clause A], اما [Clause B]', where Clause B contains the surprising or contrasting information.
It is a vital word for intermediate learners (A2+) to move beyond simple sentences and express more complex, nuanced thoughts and arguments.

The Persian word اگرچه (pronounced 'aghar-che') is a fundamental conjunction used to introduce a contrast or a concession. In English, it most closely translates to 'although,' 'even though,' or 'in spite of the fact that.' It is a word that bridges two ideas where the second idea is surprising or contrary to what might be expected based on the first idea. For example, if you say 'Although it was raining, he went for a run,' the word 'although' prepares the listener for an action that contradicts the weather conditions. In Persian, اگرچه performs this exact logical function, allowing speakers to build complex, nuanced sentences that move beyond simple declarations of fact.

Grammatical Category: Conjunction (Subordinating)
Register: Standard to Formal (Common in literature, news, and polite conversation)
Logical Function: Concession (Acknowledging a fact while introducing a contrasting reality)

People use this word when they want to sound articulate and precise. While in very casual spoken Persian, one might use 'با اینکه' (bā in-ke), اگرچه remains the gold standard for written Persian and formal speeches. It signals to the listener that the speaker is considering multiple facets of a situation. It is not just about stating two facts; it is about showing the relationship between them. This word is essential for moving from basic A1-level Persian to the more descriptive and analytical A2 and B1 levels.

اگرچه هوا سرد است، اما من بیرون می‌روم.
Translation: Although the weather is cold, (but) I am going out.

Understanding the nuance of اگرچه involves recognizing its literary weight. In Persian poetry, which is the heart of the culture, this word often introduces the human struggle against fate or the beloved's indifference. It is a word of resilience. When you use it, you are participating in a long tradition of Persian logic and rhetoric. It is also worth noting that 'گرچه' (gar-che) is a common poetic and shortened version of the same word, often found in the works of Hafez or Rumi.

اگرچه خسته بود، تمام تکالیفش را انجام داد.
Translation: Although he was tired, he did all his homework.

Synonym Comparison: هرچند (Harchand) is almost identical but can sometimes feel even more formal or literary.

In summary, اگرچه is the key to expressing complex thoughts. It allows you to admit a difficulty while highlighting a triumph. Whether you are reading a newspaper article about economics or a letter from a friend, you will encounter this word frequently. Mastering it will significantly boost your reading comprehension and your ability to express sophisticated ideas in Persian.

Using اگرچه correctly requires understanding Persian sentence structure. Typically, اگرچه is placed at the very beginning of the subordinate clause (the clause that provides the contrast). This clause is then followed by the main clause, which often starts with 'اما' (but), 'ولی' (but), or 'با این حال' (nevertheless). While English speakers might find the 'Although... but...' structure repetitive, it is perfectly natural and often preferred in Persian to emphasize the contrast.

اگرچه او پول زیادی ندارد، اما همیشه به دیگران کمک می‌کند.
Translation: Although he doesn't have much money, (but) he always helps others.

The placement of اگرچه can also vary slightly for stylistic reasons, but for learners, starting the sentence with it is the safest and most common method. It is important to remember that the verb in the clause following اگرچه is usually in the indicative mood, unlike some other conjunctions that might require the subjunctive. This makes it relatively easy to use once you have mastered basic verb conjugations.

Sentence Pattern 1: [اگرچه] + [Clause A], [اما/ولی] + [Clause B]
Sentence Pattern 2: [Clause B], [اگرچه] + [Clause A]

Let's look at the second pattern. You can place the main idea first and the concession second. For example: 'من به مهمانی می‌روم، اگرچه خیلی خسته‌ام' (I am going to the party, although I am very tired). This structure is slightly less common in formal writing but very frequent in speech. It places the emphasis on the action being taken rather than the obstacle being overcome.

او در امتحان موفق شد، اگرچه درس نخوانده بود.
Translation: He succeeded in the exam, although he hadn't studied.

Another advanced usage involves combining اگرچه with 'هنوز' (still) or 'باز هم' (again/still) in the second clause to strengthen the contrast. For instance: 'اگرچه باران می‌بارید، او هنوز چتر نداشت' (Although it was raining, he still didn't have an umbrella). This adds a layer of irony or emphasis to the sentence, making your Persian sound more natural and expressive.

اگرچه شهر شلوغ است، من اینجا را دوست دارم.
Translation: Although the city is crowded, I like it here.

You will encounter اگرچه in a variety of contexts, ranging from the highly intellectual to the everyday professional. In the world of Iranian media, news anchors and journalists use it constantly to report on complex political or social issues. For example, a news report might say, 'اگرچه مذاکرات دشوار بود، اما به نتیجه رسید' (Although the negotiations were difficult, they reached a result). In this context, the word provides a balanced perspective, which is a hallmark of formal Persian journalism.

اگرچه قیمت‌ها افزایش یافته، تقاضا کم نشده است.
Translation: Although prices have increased, demand has not decreased.

In academic settings, such as university lectures or research papers, اگرچه is indispensable. It allows scholars to acknowledge previous research or conflicting data before presenting their own findings. If you are planning to study in Iran or read Persian academic texts, you will see this word in almost every paragraph. It is the language of logic and critical thinking.

In literature, اگرچه and its variant 'گرچه' are everywhere. From the classical ghazals of the 14th century to modern short stories, this word is used to explore the contradictions of the human heart. A poet might write about how, although they are far from their beloved, their heart is always near. This poetic usage gives the word a certain elegance that 'با اینکه' lacks. When you use اگرچه in conversation, you are subtly tapping into this literary heritage.

اگرچه شب تاریک است، ماه می‌درخشد.
Translation: Although the night is dark, the moon is shining.

Daily Professional Use: Used in emails to clients: 'اگرچه پروژه با تأخیر مواجه شد، اما کیفیت آن عالی است' (Although the project faced a delay, its quality is excellent).

Finally, in formal social gatherings, such as a dinner party or a wedding, speakers use اگرچه to express gratitude or humility. A host might say, 'اگرچه سفره ما کوچک است، اما قدم شما روی چشم' (Although our table is small, your presence is an honor). This use of the word in 'Ta'arof' (Persian ritual politeness) shows how deeply embedded it is in the social fabric of the language.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using اگرچه is omitting the second conjunction like 'اما' or 'ولی'. In English, we say 'Although it was late, I stayed.' In Persian, while you *can* omit the second part, it often feels incomplete or less natural to a native ear. The 'اگرچه... اما' (Although... but) structure is a very strong pattern that learners should embrace rather than avoid.

اشتباه: اگرچه خسته بود، او کار کرد. (Correct but less natural)
درست: اگرچه خسته بود، اما کار کرد.

Another common error is confusing اگرچه with 'اگر' (if). Because اگرچه starts with 'اگر', beginners sometimes think it introduces a condition rather than a concession. Remember: 'اگر' is for things that *might* happen, while اگرچه is for things that *are* happening or have happened, but are being contrasted with something else.

A stylistic mistake is using اگرچه in very informal, slang-heavy conversations. If you are hanging out with close friends and talking about why you didn't go to the gym, using اگرچه might make you sound like you are reading from a textbook. In those cases, 'با اینکه' (bā in-ke) is much more appropriate. Using the wrong register doesn't make the sentence grammatically wrong, but it makes it socially 'off'.

Confusing 'اگرچه' with 'با این حال': 'اگرچه' starts the sentence/clause, while 'با این حال' (nevertheless) usually starts the *second* sentence after a full stop.

Lastly, learners sometimes forget that 'چه' in اگرچه is not the question word 'what'. It is a suffix that transforms 'if' into 'although'. Trying to translate the components literally will only lead to confusion. Treat اگرچه as a single, unified unit of meaning.

Persian has several ways to express 'although' or 'despite,' and choosing the right one depends on the level of formality and the specific nuance you want to convey. The most common alternative to اگرچه is با اینکه (bā in-ke). This is the workhorse of everyday spoken Persian. If you are talking to a friend, 'با اینکه' sounds natural and relaxed, whereas اگرچه sounds a bit more considered.

اگرچه vs. با اینکه: اگرچه is more formal and literary. با اینکه is more common in daily speech.
اگرچه vs. هرچند: هرچند (harchand) is almost identical in meaning but often used in even more formal or classical contexts.

Another powerful alternative is با وجود اینکه (bā vojud-e in-ke), which literally means 'with the existence of the fact that' or 'despite the fact that.' This is very common in both formal writing and careful speech. It is slightly more 'heavy' than اگرچه and is often used when the obstacle being mentioned is quite significant.

هرچند او جوان است، اما تجربه زیادی دارد.
Translation: Although (هرچند) he is young, he has a lot of experience.

For showing contrast *between* two sentences (rather than within one sentence), you should use با این حال (bā in hāl) or با این وجود (bā in vojud), both meaning 'nevertheless' or 'even so.' These are transition words that help connect separate thoughts. For example: 'هوا سرد بود. با این حال، ما به پارک رفتیم' (The weather was cold. Nevertheless, we went to the park).

علیرغمِ (Alā-raghm-e): This is a very formal Arabic-rooted preposition meaning 'despite.' It is followed by a noun, not a full clause. Example: 'علیرغمِ باران' (Despite the rain).

In conclusion, while اگرچه is your primary tool for 'although,' being aware of these alternatives will help you navigate different social situations and literary texts with ease. Choosing between them is like choosing the right brush for a painting—each one adds a slightly different texture to your Persian communication.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"اگرچه جناب عالی دعوت ما را پذیرفتید، اما بنده عذرخواهی می‌کنم."

ニュートラル

"اگرچه هوا سرد است، اما پیاده‌روی می‌چسبد."

カジュアル

"اگرچه خسته‌ام، ولی میام بریم بیرون."

Child friendly

"اگرچه شب شده، اما ماه بیدار است."

スラング

"اگرچه دمت گرمه، ولی این کارت درست نبود."

豆知識

The word 'اگر' (if) is one of the most stable words in the Persian language, having changed very little over thousands of years. Adding 'چه' to it is a classic example of how Persian creates new logical connectors by combining simple building blocks.

発音ガイド

UK /æɡæɾˈtʃe/

US /æɡæɾˈtʃe/

The stress is on the final syllable: 'che'.

韻が合う語

آنچه (ānche) هرچه (harche) بچه (bach-che) باغچه (bāgh-che) دریچه (dariche) کلوچه (koluche) کوچه (kuche) پارچه (pārche)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'gh' like a hard English 'g'. It should be more breathy and from the throat.
Putting the stress on the first syllable 'a'.
Pronouncing 'che' like 'shay'. It must be a clear 'ch' sound.
Making the 'r' too strong. It should be a light tap.
Separating 'agar' and 'che' too much. It should flow as one word.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize in text as it usually starts a sentence.

ライティング 3/5

Requires remembering the 'اما' pairing for natural flow.

スピーキング 3/5

Learners often default to 'اما' and forget the 'اگرچه' start.

リスニング 2/5

Clear pronunciation makes it easy to hear.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

اگر (if) اما (but) ولی (but) چه (what) هوا (weather)

次に学ぶ

هرچند (although - formal) با اینکه (although - informal) با وجود اینکه (despite) با این حال (nevertheless) علیرغم (despite - preposition)

上級

کما اینکه (just as/inasmuch as) گو اینکه (as if) بنابراین (therefore) در صورتی که (in case/whereas)

知っておくべき文法

Concessive Clauses

اگرچه او رفت، اما یادش باقیست.

Double Conjunctions (اگرچه... اما)

اگرچه هوا بد است، اما ما می‌رویم.

Indicative Mood after Conjunctions

اگرچه او می‌داند (Not subjunctive).

Placement of Conjunctions

اگرچه در ابتدای جمله می‌آید.

Shortening (گرچه)

گرچه من پیرم، تو را در بر بگیرم تنگ‌تنگ.

レベル別の例文

اگرچه هوا سرد است، اما من گرمم.

Although the weather is cold, I am warm.

Basic 'اگرچه... اما' structure with the verb 'to be'.

اگرچه او کوچک است، اما خیلی قوی است.

Although he is small, he is very strong.

Contrast between size and strength.

اگرچه نان گران است، من آن را می‌خرم.

Although bread is expensive, I buy it.

Simple present tense usage.

اگرچه خسته‌ام، اما بیدارم.

Although I am tired, I am awake.

Contrast of physical states.

اگرچه کتاب بزرگ است، اما جالب است.

Although the book is big, it is interesting.

Using adjectives with 'اگرچه'.

اگرچه او دور است، اما دوست من است.

Although he is far, he is my friend.

Expressing a relationship despite distance.

اگرچه چای داغ است، من آن را می‌نوشم.

Although the tea is hot, I am drinking it.

Action despite a physical property.

اگرچه شب است، اما هوا روشن است.

Although it is night, the air (sky) is bright.

Contrast between time of day and light.

اگرچه فارسی سخت است، اما من هر روز تمرین می‌کنم.

Although Persian is difficult, I practice every day.

Daily routine and habit.

اگرچه او در تهران زندگی می‌کند، اما ماشین ندارد.

Although he lives in Tehran, he doesn't have a car.

Contrast between location and possessions.

اگرچه وقت ندارم، اما به تو کمک می‌کنم.

Although I don't have time, I will help you.

Expressing willingness despite constraints.

اگرچه غذا تند بود، اما خوشمزه بود.

Although the food was spicy, it was delicious.

Past tense description.

اگرچه او مریض بود، به سر کار رفت.

Although he was sick, he went to work.

Action taken despite illness.

اگرچه باران می‌بارید، ما به پارک رفتیم.

Although it was raining, we went to the park.

Past continuous 'می‌بارید' used with 'اگرچه'.

اگرچه او پیر است، اما خیلی سریع راه می‌رود.

Although he is old, he walks very fast.

Contrast between age and physical ability.

اگرچه هتل گران بود، اما اتاقش کوچک بود.

Although the hotel was expensive, its room was small.

Contrast between price and quality/size.

اگرچه او سال‌ها در آلمان زندگی کرده، اما هنوز لهجه دارد.

Although he has lived in Germany for years, he still has an accent.

Present perfect 'زندگی کرده' used in the concession clause.

اگرچه اینترنت سرعت کمی دارد، اما می‌توانیم فیلم ببینیم.

Although the internet has a low speed, we can watch movies.

Expressing possibility despite technical limitations.

اگرچه او در امتحان رد شد، اما ناامید نشد.

Although he failed the exam, he didn't lose hope.

Emotional resilience.

اگرچه ورزش کردن سخت است، اما برای سلامتی مفید است.

Although exercising is hard, it is good for health.

General truth and opinion.

اگرچه او پول زیادی به دست آورد، اما خوشحال نبود.

Although he earned a lot of money, he wasn't happy.

Contrast between material wealth and emotional state.

اگرچه من او را دعوت کردم، اما او نیامد.

Although I invited him, he didn't come.

Past tense social interaction.

اگرچه شهر شلوغ و پر سر و صداست، اما من آرامش دارم.

Although the city is crowded and noisy, I have peace.

Internal state vs. external environment.

اگرچه او اشتباه کرد، اما از من عذرخواهی نکرد.

Although he made a mistake, he didn't apologize to me.

Social conflict and lack of resolution.

اگرچه دولت وعده‌های زیادی داده است، اما هنوز تغییری دیده نمی‌شود.

Although the government has made many promises, no change is seen yet.

Political/Social commentary register.

اگرچه تکنولوژی زندگی را آسان کرده، اما روابط انسانی را پیچیده کرده است.

Although technology has made life easier, it has made human relationships complicated.

Analytical comparison of abstract concepts.

اگرچه او به عنوان یک متخصص شناخته می‌شود، اما گاهی اشتباهات ابتدایی می‌کند.

Although he is known as an expert, he sometimes makes elementary mistakes.

Contrast between reputation and reality.

اگرچه این کتاب قدیمی است، اما مفاهیم آن هنوز کاربردی هستند.

Although this book is old, its concepts are still applicable.

Relevance of historical knowledge.

اگرچه او در فقر بزرگ شد، اما توانست به موفقیت‌های بزرگی دست یابد.

Although he grew up in poverty, he was able to achieve great success.

Biographical narrative.

اگرچه او از ارتفاع می‌ترسد، اما تصمیم گرفت چتربازی کند.

Although he is afraid of heights, he decided to go skydiving.

Overcoming personal fears.

اگرچه ترافیک سنگین بود، اما او به موقع به جلسه رسید.

Although the traffic was heavy, he arrived at the meeting on time.

Logistical contrast.

اگرچه او زبان‌های زیادی بلد است، اما در بیان احساساتش مشکل دارد.

Although he knows many languages, he has trouble expressing his feelings.

Contrast between technical skill and emotional intelligence.

اگرچه نظریه او در ابتدا با مخالفت شدید روبرو شد، اما بعدها به یک اصل علمی تبدیل گردید.

Although his theory was initially met with strong opposition, it later became a scientific principle.

Formal academic/historical register.

اگرچه ادبیات کلاسیک فارسی دشوار می‌نماید، اما درک آن برای فهم فرهنگ ایران ضروری است.

Although classical Persian literature seems difficult, understanding it is essential for comprehending Iranian culture.

Sophisticated cultural analysis.

اگرچه رشد اقتصادی کشور مثبت بوده، اما شکاف طبقاتی همچنان در حال گسترش است.

Although the country's economic growth has been positive, the class gap is still widening.

Economic and social critique.

اگرچه او به ظاهر آرام به نظر می‌رسید، اما در درونش طوفانی برپا بود.

Although he appeared calm on the outside, a storm was raging inside him.

Literary description of internal conflict.

اگرچه قوانین جدید برای حمایت از محیط زیست وضع شده‌اند، اما اجرای آن‌ها با چالش‌های جدی مواجه است.

Although new laws have been enacted to protect the environment, their implementation faces serious challenges.

Legal and administrative register.

اگرچه او از منصب خود استعفا داد، اما نفوذش در حزب همچنان باقی است.

Although he resigned from his position, his influence in the party remains.

Political nuance.

اگرچه هنر مدرن گاهی غیرقابل فهم به نظر می‌رسد، اما بازتابی از پیچیدگی‌های جهان معاصر است.

Although modern art sometimes seems incomprehensible, it is a reflection of the complexities of the contemporary world.

Aesthetic and philosophical commentary.

اگرچه او در غربت زندگی می‌کند، اما پیوندش با ریشه‌هایش هرگز گسسته نشده است.

Although he lives in exile (abroad), his bond with his roots has never been broken.

Exploring themes of identity and diaspora.

اگرچه هستی در نگاه نخست بی‌نظم جلوه می‌کند، اما خرد ناب در پی یافتن هارمونی پنهان در آن است.

Although existence appears chaotic at first glance, pure reason seeks to find the hidden harmony within it.

High-level philosophical discourse.

اگرچه حافظ در قرن هشتم می‌زیست، اما کلامش چنان تازه است که گویی برای انسان امروز سروده شده است.

Although Hafez lived in the 8th century (AH), his words are so fresh as if they were composed for today's human.

Literary criticism and timelessness.

اگرچه قدرت‌های استعماری ظاهراً منطقه را ترک کرده‌اند، اما ساختارهای وابستگی همچنان بازتولید می‌شوند.

Although colonial powers have ostensibly left the region, structures of dependency continue to be reproduced.

Post-colonial political theory.

اگرچه زبان همواره در حال تحول است، اما صیانت از ساختارهای بنیادین آن برای حفظ هویت ملی حیاتی است.

Although language is constantly evolving, safeguarding its fundamental structures is vital for preserving national identity.

Linguistic and nationalist discourse.

اگرچه سکوت او را می‌توان به معنای رضا دانست، اما در واقع اعتراضی است خاموش به بیداد زمانه.

Although his silence can be taken as consent, it is in fact a silent protest against the injustice of the times.

Nuanced interpretation of behavior.

اگرچه علم تجربی مرزهای دانش را گسترش داده، اما پرسش‌های غایی بشر همچنان در قلمرو مابعدالطبیعه باقی مانده‌اند.

Although empirical science has expanded the boundaries of knowledge, humanity's ultimate questions remain in the realm of metaphysics.

Epistemological contrast.

اگرچه تراژدی در ذات خود دردناک است، اما کاتارسیس حاصل از آن روح را صیقل می‌دهد.

Although tragedy is inherently painful, the resulting catharsis polishes the soul.

Classical aesthetic theory.

اگرچه وی از منظر سیاسی به حاشیه رانده شده، اما مرجعیت فکری او در میان نخبگان تزلزل‌ناپذیر است.

Although he has been marginalized from a political perspective, his intellectual authority among the elite is unshakable.

Sophisticated social and political status description.

よく使う組み合わせ

اگرچه... اما

اگرچه... ولی

اگرچه... با این حال

اگرچه ظاهراً

اگرچه در ابتدا

اگرچه به نظر می‌رسد

اگرچه حقیقت دارد

اگرچه شاید

اگرچه هنوز

اگرچه غالباً

よく使うフレーズ

اگرچه دیره

اگرچه کمه

اگرچه سخته

اگرچه می‌دونم

اگرچه بعیده

اگرچه عجیبه

اگرچه درسته

اگرچه کوتاهه

اگرچه پیره

اگرچه دوره

よく混同される語

اگرچه vs اگر (agar)

Means 'if'. 'اگرچه' means 'although'. Don't confuse a condition with a concession.

اگرچه vs آنچه (ānche)

Means 'that which' or 'whatever'. It sounds similar but has a completely different function.

اگرچه vs چنانچه (chenānche)

Means 'in case' or 'if'. It is more formal than 'اگر' but doesn't show contrast like 'اگرچه'.

慣用句と表現

"اگرچه دلش خونه"

Although his/her heart is bleeding (very sad). Used to describe someone hiding deep sorrow.

اگرچه دلش خونه، اما لبخند می‌زنه.

Literary/Poetic

"اگرچه دستش خالیه"

Although his/her hand is empty (poor). Used to describe someone who is poor but generous.

اگرچه دستش خالیه، اما بخشنده است.

Informal/Neutral

"اگرچه روی چشم"

Although (it is a burden), it is on my eyes (I accept gladly). A polite response to a request.

اگرچه سخته، اما روی چشم.

Polite (Ta'arof)

"اگرچه یک قدمه"

Although it is just one step (very close). Used to describe something nearby.

اگرچه یک قدمه، اما نمی‌ره.

Informal

"اگرچه حرفش سنده"

Although his word is a document (very reliable). Used to describe a trustworthy person.

اگرچه حرفش سنده، اما من شک دارم.

Formal

"اگرچه از دل برود"

Although it might leave the heart. Part of the proverb 'Out of sight, out of mind'.

اگرچه از دیده برفت، از دل نرفت.

Poetic

"اگرچه سرش به سنگ خورده"

Although his head hit the stone (he learned his lesson the hard way).

اگرچه سرش به سنگ خورده، اما باز هم تکرار می‌کنه.

Informal

"اگرچه نونش تو روغنه"

Although his bread is in oil (he is very wealthy/lucky).

اگرچه نونش تو روغنه، اما همیشه شاکیه.

Slang/Informal

"اگرچه آب از سرش گذشته"

Although the water has passed over his head (he is in deep trouble/it's too late).

اگرچه آب از سرش گذشته، اما هنوز تلاش می‌کنه.

Informal

"اگرچه صد سال سیاه"

Although (I wouldn't want it in) a hundred black years. Used to express strong dislike.

اگرچه صد سال سیاه نمی‌خوامش، اما مجبوریه.

Slang

間違えやすい

اگرچه vs با اینکه

Both mean 'although'.

اگرچه is formal and written; با اینکه is informal and spoken. You use با اینکه with friends and اگرچه in a speech or book.

اگرچه ایشان تشریف آوردند (Formal) vs با اینکه اون اومد (Informal).

اگرچه vs هرچند

Both mean 'although'.

They are almost identical, but هرچند is slightly more literary. اگرچه is more versatile across different formal levels.

هرچند او کوشید... (Literary) vs اگرچه او سعی کرد... (Neutral/Formal).

اگرچه vs با این حال

Both show contrast.

اگرچه starts a clause within a sentence. با این حال starts a new sentence to contrast with the previous one.

اگرچه سرد بود، رفتیم. vs هوا سرد بود. با این حال رفتیم.

اگرچه vs ولی

Both show contrast.

ولی means 'but' and connects two equal clauses. اگرچه means 'although' and makes one clause subordinate to the other.

هوا سرد بود ولی رفتیم. vs اگرچه هوا سرد بود، رفتیم.

اگرچه vs گرچه

They are the same word.

گرچه is the poetic/shortened form of اگرچه. Use اگرچه in prose and گرچه in poetry or songs.

گرچه مستیم و خرابیم چو شب‌های دگر...

文型パターン

اگرچه [Adjective] است، اما [Adjective] است.

اگرچه کوچک است، اما قوی است.

اگرچه [Verb Past], اما [Verb Past].

اگرچه باران آمد، اما ما رفتیم.

اگرچه [Verb Present], اما هنوز [Verb Present].

اگرچه کار می‌کنم، اما هنوز پول ندارم.

اگرچه به نظر می‌رسد [Clause], اما در واقع [Clause].

اگرچه به نظر می‌رسد او خواب است، اما در واقع بیدار است.

اگرچه [Noun/Concept] اهمیت دارد، اما نباید از [Noun] غافل شد.

اگرچه اقتصاد اهمیت دارد، اما نباید از فرهنگ غافل شد.

اگرچه [Philosophical Clause], اما [Counter-Philosophical Clause].

اگرچه مرگ پایان زندگی است، اما آغاز جاودانگی است.

Any

[Clause], اگرچه [Clause].

او موفق شد، اگرچه کسی کمکش نکرد.

Formal

اگرچه [Honorifics], اما [Humble Form].

اگرچه شما استاد هستید، اما بنده نظری دارم.

語族

使い方

frequency

Very common in all forms of written Persian and formal speech.

よくある間違い

اگرچه هوا سرد است، من بیرون می‌روم. → اگرچه هوا سرد است، اما من بیرون می‌روم.
While the first is grammatically okay, adding 'اما' is much more natural in Persian.
اگر او بیاید، اگرچه دیر است. → اگرچه دیر است، اما او می‌آید.
Confusing 'اگر' (if) with 'اگرچه' (although).
اگرچه او خسته باشد، کار می‌کند. → اگرچه او خسته است، کار می‌کند.
Using the subjunctive 'باشد' instead of the indicative 'است'. 'اگرچه' usually takes the indicative.
من رفتم اگرچه. → من رفتم، اگرچه دیر بود.
Leaving 'اگرچه' hanging at the end without a following clause.
اگرچه او پول دارد، اما او خوشحال است. → اگرچه او پول ندارد، اما خوشحال است.
Misunderstanding the logic. 'اگرچه' should introduce the obstacle or the contrasting fact.

ヒント

The 'But' Rule

Always remember to add 'اما' (but) or 'ولی' (but) after the comma in an 'اگرچه' sentence. It makes your Persian sound much more natural and fluent.

When to be Formal

Use 'اگرچه' in emails, presentations, or when meeting new people. It shows you have a good command of the language's formal structures.

Short and Sweet

If you are reading poetry and see 'گرچه', don't be confused. It's just 'اگرچه' without the 'a'. It's like 'though' vs 'although' in English.

The Pause

When speaking, take a tiny breath after the first part of the sentence. 'اگرچه بارون میاد (pause) اما من میرم.' This helps the listener follow your logic.

News Watch

Watch the Persian news. You will hear 'اگرچه' almost every few minutes. It's a great way to hear it used in a perfect, formal context.

Variety is Key

In a long piece of writing, try to alternate between 'اگرچه', 'هرچند', and 'با وجود اینکه' to keep your prose interesting.

Agar + Che

Think: 'Agar' (If) + 'Che' (What/Even). 'If even' this is true, the other thing is still true. This helps you remember the meaning.

Humble Gifting

When giving a gift, say 'اگرچه ناچیز است' (Although it is insignificant). It's a classic Persian way to show you are a polite and humble person.

Concession First

Remember that 'اگرچه' introduces the 'concession' (the thing that doesn't stop the main action). The main action comes after 'اما'.

Final Stress

Make sure to stress the 'che' at the end. Aghar-CHE. This is the standard Persian stress pattern for this word.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Agar' as 'A Garden' and 'Che' as 'Cherry'. 'A Garden of Cherries' is great, ALTHOUGH it might attract birds. Agar-che = Although.

視覚的連想

Imagine a giant 'BUT' (اما) bridge connecting two islands. The first island is named 'Agarche'. You have to cross the 'Agarche' island to get to the 'But' bridge.

Word Web

اگر (if) اما (but) ولی (but) هرچند (although) با اینکه (although) تضاد (contrast) با این حال (nevertheless) گرچه (short although)

チャレンジ

Try to write three sentences about your day using 'اگرچه'. One about the weather, one about your work, and one about your feelings.

語源

The word is a compound of 'اگر' (agar) and 'چه' (che). 'اگر' comes from Middle Persian 'agar', which in turn comes from Old Persian 'yadi-kar'. 'چه' is a versatile Persian particle meaning 'what' or 'even'.

元の意味： The combination literally implies 'if even' or 'even if', which evolved into the concessive 'although'.

Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Iranian > Western Iranian > Persian.

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but using 'اگرچه' instead of 'با اینکه' in a very casual street setting might make you sound slightly 'posh' or overly formal.

English speakers often forget to use 'but' (اما) after 'although' (اگرچه). In English, it's a grammar error (double conjunction), but in Persian, it's the standard and preferred way to speak.

Found frequently in the 'Shahnameh' of Ferdowsi to show the struggles of heroes. Used by modern Iranian poets like Ahmad Shamlou to contrast social realities. Common in the lyrics of Googoosh and other famous Persian pop singers.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Weather

اگرچه باران می‌بارد
اگرچه هوا گرم است
اگرچه برف آمده
اگرچه طوفانی است

Work/Study

اگرچه درس خواندم
اگرچه امتحان سخت بود
اگرچه وقت ندارم
اگرچه خسته هستم

Social/Politeness

اگرچه هدیه کوچکی است
اگرچه مزاحم شدم
اگرچه دیر رسیدم
اگرچه شما را ندیدم

Opinions

اگرچه من موافقم
اگرچه او اشتباه می‌کند
اگرچه این کتاب خوب است
اگرچه فیلم طولانی بود

Health

اگرچه مریضم
اگرچه حالم بهتر است
اگرچه دکتر رفتم
اگرچه دارو خوردم

会話のきっかけ

"اگرچه امروز شنبه است، اما من خیلی انرژی دارم. شما چطور؟"

"اگرچه فارسی یاد گرفتن سخته، اما خیلی شیرینه. موافقی؟"

"اگرچه این رستوران شلوغه، اما غذاش عالیه. امتحان کردی؟"

"اگرچه هوا ابریه، اما فکر کنم بارون نیاد. نظر تو چیه؟"

"اگرچه من فوتبال دوست ندارم، اما جام جهانی رو تماشا می‌کنم. تو چی؟"

日記のテーマ

درباره روزی بنویسید که اگرچه مشکلات زیادی داشتید، اما در نهایت خوشحال بودید.

اگرچه دنیا در حال تغییر است، چه چیزهایی باید ثابت بمانند؟

درباره دوستی بنویسید که اگرچه با شما متفاوت است، اما او را خیلی دوست دارید.

اگرچه یادگیری یک زبان جدید زمان‌بر است، چرا تصمیم گرفتید فارسی یاد بگیرید؟

درباره فیلمی بنویسید که اگرچه غمگین بود، اما از تماشای آن لذت بردید.

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, you can, but it often sounds more formal or slightly incomplete in modern Persian. Native speakers almost always use 'اما' (but) or 'ولی' (but) to clearly mark the transition to the main point. For a learner, it is best to use the 'اگرچه... اما' pattern to ensure clarity and natural flow.

While it is the standard in writing, it is also used in polite or serious conversation. If you are talking to a teacher, a boss, or someone you don't know well, 'اگرچه' is perfectly appropriate. For close friends and family, 'با اینکه' is a more relaxed alternative.

No, 'اگرچه' usually takes the indicative mood (the normal form of the verb). For example, 'اگرچه می‌روم' (Although I go) or 'اگرچه رفتم' (Although I went). You only use the subjunctive if there is another word in the sentence that requires it, like 'شاید' (perhaps).

There is very little difference in meaning. 'هرچند' is slightly more formal and is often found in classical literature or high-level academic writing. 'اگرچه' is more common in modern newspapers and standard formal speech. You can usually swap them without changing the meaning.

In spoken Persian, yes. You can say your main point first and then add the concession: 'من می‌آیم، اگرچه خیلی کار دارم' (I am coming, although I have a lot of work). In formal writing, it almost always comes at the beginning of its clause.

No, 'گرچه' is simply a shortened version of 'اگرچه'. It is very common in poetry because it has one less syllable, which helps with the poetic meter. You will also hear it in many Persian songs.

The 'gh' (ق/غ) is a sound made in the back of the throat. It is similar to the French 'r' or the sound you make when gargling. It is not a hard 'g' like in 'go'. Practice by making a soft, breathy sound from your throat.

Yes, it can mean 'even if' in some contexts, but 'حتی اگر' (hata agar) is more specific for 'even if' when talking about hypothetical situations. 'اگرچه' is usually for things that are actually true or happening.

Yes, 'اگرچه' is used in all major dialects of Persian, including Iranian Persian (Farsi), Dari (Afghanistan), and Tajiki (Tajikistan). It is a universal Persian word.

The most common mistake for English speakers is trying to translate 'although' literally and forgetting the 'اما' (but) in the second part of the sentence. Remember: Persian likes to double up on the contrast markers!