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B1 noun ニュートラル

lupa

/ˈlupɑ/
練習する

例文

1

Minulla on lupa poistua.

General

I have permission to leave.

2

Tarvitsemme luvan rakentaa uuden talon.

Construction/Bureaucracy

We need a permit to build a new house.

3

Antaa lupa

Common phrase

To give permission

4

Oletko saanut luvan vanhemmiltasi?

Family/Personal

Have you gotten permission from your parents?

5

Pääsy kielletty ilman lupaa.

Signs/Warnings

No entry without permission.

よく使う組み合わせ

saada lupa
pyytää lupaa
antaa lupa
työlupa

よく混同される語

lupa 対 wapaa
only the starting letter 'l' vs 'w'
lupa 対 luppa
double 'p'
lupa 対 luva
v instead of p

文法パターン

Minulla on lupa tehdä jotakin. Sain luvan tehdä jotakin. Pyydän lupaa tehdä jotakin.

使い方

使い方のコツ

'Lupa' is a versatile Finnish noun that translates to 'permission,' 'permit,' 'license,' or 'authorization,' and its usage often depends on the specific context. It can be used in both formal and informal settings. For instance, 'rakennuslupa' refers to a building permit, a formal document required for construction, while 'saako luvan?' (may I have permission?) is a common, polite way to ask for consent in a more casual situation. When expressing that someone 'has permission,' the genitive case is often used with 'lupa,' as in 'Minulla on lupa' (I have permission). The verb 'saada lupa' means 'to get permission.' It's crucial to understand the subtle differences in nuance when 'lupa' is used with different prepositions or in compound words, as these can significantly alter the meaning. For example, 'luvan kanssa' means 'with permission,' implying a granted authorization, whereas 'luvan vastaisesti' means 'against permission,' indicating an unauthorized action. Always consider the surrounding words and the overall situation to accurately interpret and use 'lupa.'

よくある間違い

A common mistake for English speakers learning Finnish might be confusing 'lupa' (permission) with similar-sounding words in other languages or trying to apply English grammatical rules. For example, in English, we might say 'I have permission to go', but in Finnish, it's more common to use a construction like 'Minulla on lupa mennä' (I have permission to go), where 'lupa' is treated as a noun that one 'has'. Also, be careful not to confuse it with 'luppa' which is a type of ear, or 'luopua' which means to give up or abandon, as the vowel sounds are very close. Another mistake could be using 'lupa' incorrectly in different cases. For instance, 'luvan kanssa' means 'with permission', where 'lupa' is in the genitive case. Understanding how cases work with 'lupa' is crucial for correct usage.

ヒント

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Finnish Word: Lupa

The word 'lupa' in Finnish translates to 'permission' in English. It's a common noun that refers to authorization, consent, or a license to do something.
💡

Grammar and Usage of 'Lupa'

'Lupa' is a noun and follows Finnish noun declension rules. For example, 'minulla on lupa' means 'I have permission', and 'tarvitsen luvan' means 'I need permission'. It can be used in various contexts, from official permits to informal consent.
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Common Phrases with 'Lupa'

Some common phrases include: - 'saada lupa' (to get permission) - 'pyytää lupa' (to ask for permission) - 'antaa lupa' (to give permission) - 'rakennuslupa' (building permit) - 'ajolupa' (driving license/permit)

語源

From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubō (compare Old High German gi-loub 'permission'), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- ('to love, to like'). Cognates include Estonian luba, Votic luba, Livonian lubā. The word's original meaning was likely 'pleasure, will', which then developed into 'permission, allowance' as in 'if it pleases (someone), then permission is granted'. Within Finnic languages, the word has been adopted from early Germanic loans. The Germanic root *lewbʰ- is also the source of English 'love' and 'leave' (as in 'to leave behind', but also in the sense of 'permission, license'). The evolution of meaning from 'pleasure/will' to 'permission' is a common semantic shift seen in various languages.

文化的な背景

In Finland, 'lupa' (permission) is a fundamental concept deeply embedded in daily life, reflecting a society that values order, regulations, and a certain degree of collective responsibility. Obtaining 'lupa' is often a formal process, whether it's for building a house, starting a business, or even fishing in certain areas. This formality stems from a cultural appreciation for clear guidelines and the avoidance of ambiguity. There's a general understanding that adhering to these permissions contributes to a well-functioning society where everyone knows their boundaries and responsibilities. While it might seem bureaucratic to outsiders, Finns generally accept and respect the need for 'lupa' as a way to ensure fairness, safety, and the preservation of public resources and spaces. The concept also extends to social interactions, where asking for 'lupa' before, for example, borrowing something or entering someone's personal space, is a sign of respect and good manners, highlighting the importance of explicit consent.

覚え方のコツ

The word 'lupa' in Finnish sounds a bit like 'loop-a'. You can think of 'loop-a' as in 'looping back' to ask for permission again if you didn't get it the first time. So, 'lupa' means 'permission'.

よくある質問

4 問
'Lupa' is a Finnish word that translates directly to 'permission' or 'permit' in English. It's a noun that signifies authorization, consent, or a license granted by an authority or an individual to do something. The concept of 'lupa' is widely used in various contexts, from everyday requests to formal legal documents.
'Lupa' is commonly used in phrases like 'saada lupa' (to get permission), 'pyytää lupa' (to ask for permission), or 'antaa lupa' (to give permission). For example, one might say 'Tarvitsen luvan mennä ulos' which means 'I need permission to go outside,' or 'Onko sinulla lupa pysäköidä tähän?' meaning 'Do you have permission to park here?' It often takes the partitive case ('lupaa') when asking for permission or indicating a lack of it, and the genitive case ('luvan') when referring to having received it.
Yes, there are many different types of 'lupa' depending on the context. For instance, 'rakennuslupa' refers to a building permit, 'ajolupa' is a driving permit or license, 'työlupa' is a work permit, and 'matkustuslupa' is a travel permit. Each type of 'lupa' specifies the particular activity or action for which authorization is granted, and they often come with specific requirements and conditions.
The word 'lupa' in Finnish has ancient Finno-Ugric roots, tracing back to Proto-Finnic *lupa. Its cognates can be found in other Finnic languages, suggesting a long history of this concept in the linguistic family. Over time, its meaning has consistently revolved around the idea of allowance or authorization, reflecting its fundamental importance in regulating actions and activities within society.

自分をテスト

fill blank

Minulla ei ole _ lähteä ulos.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

Pyydän _ sinulta.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
fill blank

Sain _ matkustaa.

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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lupa Indonesian
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