A1 · 初級 チャプター 12

Postpositions: The 'In' and 'On' of Gujarati

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このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master Gujarati location and movement by placing markers after your nouns instead of before.

  • Identify objects located inside containers using 'Ma'.
  • Describe items resting on surfaces using 'Par'.
  • Explain origins or means of transport using 'Thi'.
Find your place in Gujarati.

学べること

Gujarati uses postpositions instead of prepositions. Learn basic markers like 'Ma', 'Par', and 'Thi'.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: describe the location of common household objects.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: state where you are coming from and how you travel.

ヒントとコツ (3)

💡

Think 'Inside'

Whenever you want to say 'in', just think of 'ma' as a box.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Locative 'Ma' (In)
💡

Noun Order

Always keep the noun first, then 'par'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Surface 'Par' (On)
💡

Attach it!

Always write 'thi' as part of the word, e.g., 'bus-thi'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Instrumental 'Thi' (From/By)

重要な語彙 (5)

ઘર (ghar) house ટેબલ (table) table બેગ (bag) bag બસ (bus) bus પુસ્તક (pustak) book

Real-World Preview

briefcase

At the Office

Review Summary

  • Noun + મા
  • Noun + પર
  • Noun + થી

よくある間違い

You are putting the marker at the beginning. In Gujarati, the marker always follows the noun.

Wrong: મા ટેબલ (Ma table)
正解: ટેબલ પર (Table par)

You used 'on' instead of 'in'. Use 'ma' for containers like houses.

Wrong: ઘર પર (Ghar par) - intended for 'inside the house'
正解: ઘરમાં (Ghar-ma)

When using transport, use 'thi' (by/with), not 'ma' (in).

Wrong: બસ મા આવું છું (Bus ma aavu chu)
正解: બસથી આવું છું (Bus-thi aavu chu)

Next Steps

You are making amazing progress! Keep practicing these markers daily.

Label your room objects with post-it notes

Continue to: Describing Things: Basic Adjectives

クイック練習 (9)

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

પર ટેબલ ચોપડી છે.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ચોપડી ટેબલ પર છે
Postposition follows noun.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Surface 'Par' (On)

Choose the correct form.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Gharma
Postposition attaches to the noun.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Locative 'Ma' (In)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: bus-thi
Postposition follows noun.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Instrumental 'Thi' (From/By)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ચોપડી ટેબલ પર છે
Standard SOV order.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Surface 'Par' (On)

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Ma bag pen che.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Bagma pen che
Noun + ma.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Locative 'Ma' (In)

Fill in the blank.

ચોપડી ટેબલ ___ છે.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: પર
Surface location uses 'par'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Surface 'Par' (On)

Correct the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

તે સુરત-મા આવે છે.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: તે સુરત-થી આવે છે
Origin requires 'thi'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Instrumental 'Thi' (From/By)

Fill in the blank.

હું ઘરમાં ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: છું
Matches 'I' (Hu).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Locative 'Ma' (In)

Fill in the correct particle.

હું બસ ___ જાઉં છું.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: thi
Use 'thi' for transport.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: The Instrumental 'Thi' (From/By)

Score: /9

よくある質問 (6)

No, it stays 'ma' regardless of number.
Usually no, use 'paase' for proximity.
Usually no, use 'pase' (near) for people.
It can also mean 'at' for locations.
No, 'thi' is invariant.
Yes, 'mara-thi' (than me).
前のチャプター
No and Never: Basic Negation
次のチャプター
Describing Things: Basic Adjectives
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