Overview
The Indonesian word 'kertas' translates directly to 'paper' in English. It's a fundamental noun used to refer to the material we write, draw, print on, or use for various packaging and crafting purposes. In a broader sense, 'kertas' can also refer to documents, especially in contexts like 'kertas kerja' (working paper/report) or 'kertas ujian' (exam paper).
Grammatically, 'kertas' is a singular noun. To make it plural, Indonesian typically repeats the word (e.g., 'kertas-kertas' for 'papers'), although often the singular form is used even when referring to multiple items if the quantity is clear from context or implied. For example, if someone says 'Saya membeli kertas' (I bought paper), it usually means they bought several sheets or a ream of paper, not just one.
'Kertas' is a versatile word that appears in many compound terms and idiomatic expressions. Some common examples include:
* **Kertas suara:** Ballot paper (in elections)
- Kertas kerja: Work paper, report, or a proposal document
* **Kertas buram:** Scrap paper or rough paper
Understanding 'kertas' is essential for anyone learning Indonesian, as it's a high-frequency word used in daily conversations, academic settings, and professional environments. Its usage mirrors the English 'paper' very closely in most contexts, making it relatively straightforward for learners to grasp once they understand its basic translation and common collocations.
例文
Tolong berikan saya selembar kertas.
Daily requestPlease give me a piece of paper.
Kertas ini terbuat dari daur ulang.
Environmental discussionThis paper is made from recycled materials.
Dia menulis surat di atas kertas kosong.
Describing an actionHe wrote a letter on a blank piece of paper.
Harga kertas terus meningkat.
Economic newsThe price of paper continues to increase.
Saya butuh kertas untuk printer.
Office suppliesI need paper for the printer.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく混同される語
different meaning, similar sound
different meaning, similar sound
文法パターン
使い方
The Indonesian word 'kertas' is a straightforward noun that translates directly to 'paper'. It is used in a variety of contexts, similar to its English counterpart. For example, 'selembar kertas' means 'a sheet of paper', and 'buku kertas' refers to a 'paper book' or 'notebook'. When discussing different types of paper, specific adjectives are used, such as 'kertas HVS' for 'printer paper' or 'kertas karton' for 'cardboard'. The plural form is simply 'kertas-kertas', although often the singular 'kertas' can imply a plural sense depending on the context, much like in English ('I need some paper' vs. 'I need some papers'). It's important to note that 'kertas' can also refer to documents or official papers, as in 'kertas kerja' (working papers) or 'kertas ujian' (exam papers). The word is generally neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings. There are no significant slang or highly idiomatic uses of 'kertas' that deviate drastically from its literal meaning, making it a relatively simple word to incorporate into Indonesian vocabulary.
A common mistake for English speakers learning Indonesian is confusing 'kertas' (paper) with similar-sounding words or overgeneralizing the 's' ending. For example, some might mistakenly think 'kertus' or 'kertasa' are valid words. The correct and only form for paper is 'kertas'. Another mistake can be mispronouncing the 'e' as a long 'e' sound as in 'key', when it should be a short 'e' sound as in 'bed'. Additionally, remembering the 'r' is rolled can be a challenge. Always remember the correct form 'kertas' and practice the pronunciation to avoid these common errors.
語源
From Portuguese 'cartaz' (poster, placard), from Latin 'charta' (paper, leaf of paper, writing), from Ancient Greek 'khartēs' (papyrus leaf). The word entered Indonesian through Malay. The meaning evolved from 'poster' or 'placard' to the general meaning of 'paper' as the material for writing or printing.
文化的な背景
In Indonesia, 'kertas' (paper) holds significant cultural relevance beyond its primary function. It is widely used in traditional arts such as 'wayang kulit' (shadow puppet) backdrops, where intricately cut and painted paper creates the illusion of a vibrant world. Furthermore, 'kertas' plays a role in religious ceremonies, particularly in offerings and decorations for various spiritual practices. In daily life, the act of writing on 'kertas' with traditional calligraphy (kaligrafi) is considered an art form, often seen in religious texts and formal invitations. The concept of 'kertas' also intertwines with storytelling and folklore, where ancient tales were originally transcribed onto handmade paper. Even in modern times, the value of physical 'kertas' remains, particularly in education and official documentation, where its tangible presence often signifies importance and authenticity. The aesthetic of beautifully crafted 'kertas' is appreciated, with handmade varieties often used for special gifts or artistic endeavors, reflecting a deep cultural appreciation for craftsmanship and tradition.
覚え方のコツ
Visualize a 'kertas' (paper) being used to wrap a 'kertas' (kite). Both words start with 'k' and have a similar 'er' sound. This can help you remember that 'kertas' means paper.
よくある質問
4 問'Kertas' is an Indonesian word that translates to 'paper' in English. It refers to the material made from cellulose pulp, typically derived from wood, rags, or grass, and used for writing, printing, drawing, packaging, and various other purposes. Paper is a fundamental material in many aspects of daily life, from education and communication to art and industry.
The common uses of 'kertas' (paper) are extensive and varied. It is primarily used for writing and printing, forming the basis of books, newspapers, magazines, and documents. Beyond this, it's used for packaging (like cardboard boxes and paper bags), hygiene products (such as toilet paper and tissues), art and craft materials, currency, and various industrial applications. Its versatility makes it indispensable in modern society.
Here are some common Indonesian phrases using 'kertas': * **Kertas kerja:** This translates to 'working paper' or 'worksheet,' often used in a professional or academic context. * **Kertas tisu:** This means 'tissue paper,' referring to facial tissues or paper napkins. * **Kertas HVS:** This refers to 'HVS paper,' which is a common type of white printer paper. * **Kertas kado:** This means 'gift wrap paper.' * **Kertas ujian:** This translates to 'exam paper' or 'test paper.' * **Kertas koran:** This means 'newspaper paper' or simply 'newspaper.'
The word 'kertas' in Indonesian is believed to have originated from the Sanskrit word 'kartas' or 'karta,' which also referred to paper or a leaf used for writing. This reflects the historical influence of Sanskrit on the Indonesian language, particularly in older terms and concepts. The adoption of such words often coincided with the introduction of new technologies or materials, like paper, to the region.
自分をテスト 3 問
/ 3 correct
Perfect score!
例文
5 / 5Tolong berikan saya selembar kertas.
Please give me a piece of paper.
Kertas ini terbuat dari daur ulang.
This paper is made from recycled materials.
Dia menulis surat di atas kertas kosong.
He wrote a letter on a blank piece of paper.
Harga kertas terus meningkat.
The price of paper continues to increase.
Saya butuh kertas untuk printer.
I need paper for the printer.
