conservare 30秒で
- Conservare means to keep, store, or preserve something for the future, whether it is physical, digital, or emotional.
- It is a regular -are verb, making it easy to conjugate in all tenses, and it takes the auxiliary 'avere'.
- It is frequently used for food storage, document archiving, and maintaining abstract concepts like memories and traditions.
- The reflexive form 'conservarsi' is used to describe how well a person or an object ages or stays in good condition.
The Italian verb conservare is a cornerstone of the Italian language, functioning as a versatile transitive verb that translates most frequently to 'to keep', 'to preserve', 'to store', or 'to maintain'. At its core, it suggests an action of guarding something to prevent it from being lost, destroyed, or altered over time. Whether you are talking about physical objects, digital data, or abstract concepts like memories and traditions, conservare implies a conscious effort to protect the integrity of the subject.
- Physical Storage
- In daily life, this is the most common usage. It refers to putting things away in a specific place for future use. For example, keeping leftovers in the fridge or documents in a folder. It emphasizes the act of storing safely.
- Food Preservation
- In a culinary context, it refers to techniques like canning, pickling, or freezing. Italians take pride in 'le conserve' (preserves), and the verb describes the process of making food last through the seasons.
- Emotional and Mental Retention
- One of the most poetic uses involves the mind. You 'conservi un ricordo' (keep a memory) or 'conservi la speranza' (maintain hope). Here, it signifies an internal protection of feelings or thoughts.
È importante conservare bene questi documenti per il futuro.
Understanding the nuance of conservare requires distinguishing it from tenere. While tenere can also mean 'to keep', it often implies a more temporary or physical holding (e.g., 'tenere la mano'). Conservare, by contrast, has a long-term connotation. If you tenere a book, you might just be holding it; if you conservare a book, you are keeping it in your library for years. This distinction is vital for learners aiming for B1 proficiency and beyond, as it reflects a deeper grasp of intentionality in Italian speech.
In formal settings, conservare is the preferred term for maintaining standards or legal rights. For instance, a law might 'conservare la sua validità' (maintain its validity). In the digital age, it has also become the standard term for 'saving' or 'archiving' files, though 'salvare' is also used. The verb follows the regular first-conjugation (-are) pattern, making it relatively simple to conjugate, but its semantic depth provides endless opportunities for sophisticated expression across various domains of Italian culture.
Using conservare correctly involves understanding its transitive nature—it always requires a direct object. You conserve *something*. Grammatically, it is a regular verb of the first conjugation, which is a relief for students. However, its placement in sentences can vary depending on whether you are using it in a simple tense or a compound tense with the auxiliary verb avere.
- Direct Object Usage
- The most straightforward pattern is: Subject + Conservare + Object. Example: 'Io conservo le vecchie foto.' (I keep the old photos). The object is the thing being preserved.
- The Reflexive Form: Conservarsi
- When used reflexively, conservarsi means 'to stay in good condition' or 'to keep oneself'. For example, 'Il vino si conserva bene in cantina' (The wine keeps/stays well in the cellar) or 'Lui si conserva giovane' (He stays/keeps himself young).
Abbiamo conservato ogni lettera che ci hai scritto.
In the passato prossimo, we use avere: 'Ho conservato'. In the passive voice, which is common in technical or historical texts, it uses essere: 'I reperti sono conservati nel museo' (The artifacts are preserved in the museum). Notice how the past participle conservato must agree in gender and number with the subject in passive constructions (conservato, conservata, conservati, conservate).
Another important structure is 'conservare per' (to keep for). 'Conservo questo vestito per un'occasione speciale' (I'm keeping this dress for a special occasion). You can also use 'conservare da' to indicate protection from something: 'Conservare al riparo dalla luce' (Keep away from light), a phrase commonly found on medicine or food packaging. Mastering these prepositions allows you to transition from basic sentences to professional-level Italian instructions.
If you spend a day in Italy, you will encounter conservare in a variety of environments, from the domestic to the institutional. It is not just a 'book word'; it is deeply embedded in the Italian lifestyle, particularly regarding food, heritage, and bureaucracy. Listening for this word will help you understand how Italians value longevity and care.
- In the Kitchen
- You'll hear it constantly when discussing food. 'Come devo conservare questo formaggio?' (How should I store this cheese?). The response might be 'Conservalo in frigo' (Keep it in the fridge). It's the standard verb for storage instructions.
- At the Museum or Historical Sites
- Italy is a land of history. Guides will often say, 'Questo affresco si è conservato perfettamente' (This fresco has been perfectly preserved). It highlights the survival of art through the centuries.
- In Administration and Law
- When dealing with receipts (scontrini) or contracts, clerks will advise: 'Conservi la ricevuta per la garanzia' (Keep the receipt for the warranty). It implies a protective keeping for legal proof.
Dopo l'apertura, il prodotto si deve conservare in un luogo fresco.
Beyond these, you'll hear it in sentimental conversations. An older relative might say, 'Conservo ancora il tuo primo disegno' (I still keep your first drawing). In this context, it carries an emotional weight that tenere doesn't quite reach. It suggests that the object is a treasure. You might also hear it in news reports concerning the environment: 'Dobbiamo conservare la biodiversità' (We must preserve biodiversity), though tutelare or proteggere are also frequent in that specific context.
In the workplace, particularly in IT or archiving, conservare is used for data retention policies. 'Per quanto tempo dobbiamo conservare questi dati?' (How long must we keep this data?). It is the formal, professional way to discuss records management. By paying attention to these different settings, you'll see that conservare is the verb of choice whenever 'keeping' involves a sense of responsibility or future utility.
While conservare is relatively straightforward, English speakers often fall into traps due to 'false friend' tendencies or over-reliance on a single translation for 'to keep'. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Italian sound much more natural and precise.
- Confusing with 'Tenere'
- This is the #1 mistake. English uses 'keep' for everything. In Italian, use tenere for physical holding or possession ('Tieni questo') and conservare for long-term storage or preservation ('Conserva questo ricordo'). Saying 'Conserva il libro in mano' is wrong; it should be 'Tieni il libro'.
- Overusing 'Preservare'
- While preservare exists, it is more formal and often implies protection from a specific threat (like 'preservare l'ambiente'). For everyday 'keeping' of food or objects, conservare is the correct choice. Don't say 'Preservo la marmellata' unless you are speaking very academically.
Sbagliato:
Tenerei documenti in archivio. Corretto: Conservare i documenti in archivio.
Another mistake involves the reflexive form. Learners often forget to use si conserva when describing how food 'keeps'. Instead of saying 'Il latte conserva bene', you must say 'Il latte si conserva bene'. Without the reflexive pronoun, the sentence sounds like the milk is actively preserving something else!
Finally, watch out for the preposition usage. English speakers often want to say 'keep for later' as 'tenere per dopo'. While understandable, 'conservare per dopo' is the standard way to express saving something for a later time. Also, remember that 'conservare' does not mean 'to converse' (which is conversare). The extra 'n' in conversare changes the meaning entirely—don't tell someone you want to 'conservare' with them unless you plan on putting them in a jar!
Italian is rich with synonyms for 'keeping' and 'preserving'. Choosing the right one depends on the context—whether you're talking about a secret, a tradition, or a physical object. Here is a breakdown of how conservare compares to its closest relatives.
- Tenere vs. Conservare
- Tenere is the general 'to hold/keep'. Use it for things you have in your possession right now. Conservare is for things you put away for the future. You tieni a pen to write, but you conservi a pen that belonged to your grandfather.
- Custodire vs. Conservare
- Custodire implies 'to guard' or 'to watch over' something valuable. If you custodisci a secret, you are protecting it actively. Conservare is more about the state of keeping it unchanged.
- Mantenere vs. Conservare
- Mantenere is 'to maintain' or 'to sustain'. You mantieni a promise or mantieni a family. Conservare is more about the physical or mental storage of the thing itself.
Dobbiamo preservare le tradizioni, ma conservare i documenti storici.
Another alternative is archiviare, which is specifically used for filing documents or digital files. If you are 'saving' a file on a computer, you usually use salvare, but if you are 'archiving' it for long-term storage, conservare or archiviare are better. In a more abstract sense, you might use serbare. This is a literary, high-register synonym for conservare. You'll find it in poetry or formal literature: 'Serbare un segreto' (To keep/harbor a secret).
Lastly, for food, you might hear mettere via (to put away). 'Metti via gli avanzi' (Put away the leftovers). This is more informal and common in household speech. However, if you are reading the back of a package, it will always return to the formal conservare. Understanding these layers allows you to tailor your Italian to the situation, moving from the kitchen floor to the halls of a museum with ease.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The word 'conservatorio' (music school) originally referred to orphanages where children were 'conserved' or protected, and they were often taught music there.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 's' like a 'z' (it should be voiceless).
- Stressing the first or second syllable instead of the third.
- Not rolling the 'r' sounds.
- Confusing the pronunciation with the English word 'conservative'.
- Shortening the final 'e' too much.
難易度
Easy to recognize due to English cognates.
Regular conjugation but requires knowledge of prepositions.
Needs care to distinguish from 'tenere'.
Clear pronunciation and common in many contexts.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
上級
知っておくべき文法
First Conjugation (-are)
Io conservo, Tu conservi, Lui/Lei conserva...
Passato Prossimo with Avere
Ho conservato i documenti.
Reflexive/Impersonal 'Si'
Il vino si conserva bene.
Agreement of Past Participle in Passive
Le foto sono conservatE.
Modal Verbs + Infinitive
Devo conservare lo scontrino.
レベル別の例文
Conservo il succo in frigorifero.
I keep the juice in the refrigerator.
Present tense, 1st person singular.
Dove conservi le chiavi?
Where do you keep the keys?
Present tense, 2nd person singular.
Noi conserviamo la frutta nel cesto.
We keep the fruit in the basket.
Present tense, 1st person plural.
Conserva questo scontrino.
Keep this receipt.
Imperative, 2nd person singular.
Il latte si conserva in frigo.
The milk is kept in the fridge.
Reflexive 'si' for impersonal use.
Loro conservano i giocattoli in una scatola.
They keep the toys in a box.
Present tense, 3rd person plural.
Devi conservare bene il pane.
You must keep the bread well.
Infinitive after the modal verb 'dovere'.
Conservo i miei libri nello scaffale.
I keep my books on the shelf.
Present tense, 1st person singular.
Ho conservato tutte le tue lettere.
I have kept all your letters.
Passato prossimo with 'avere'.
Questo vino si conserva per molti anni.
This wine keeps for many years.
Reflexive 'si' indicating durability.
Conserva la calma durante l'esame.
Keep your cool during the exam.
Metaphorical use of 'conservare'.
Abbiamo conservato un posto per te.
We kept a seat for you.
Passato prossimo, 1st person plural.
Devi conservare il documento originale.
You must keep the original document.
Infinitive usage.
Mia nonna conserva ancora i vecchi vestiti.
My grandmother still keeps the old clothes.
Adverb 'ancora' used with the verb.
La carne si conserva meglio nel congelatore.
Meat keeps better in the freezer.
Comparative 'meglio' used with the reflexive.
Conserva i soldi nel portafoglio.
Keep the money in your wallet.
Imperative mood.
Conservo un bellissimo ricordo di quel viaggio.
I keep a beautiful memory of that trip.
Abstract object 'ricordo'.
È fondamentale conservare le tradizioni locali.
It is fundamental to preserve local traditions.
Impersonal expression with infinitive.
Lui conserva sempre un segreto prezioso.
He always keeps a precious secret.
Usage with an abstract noun.
Dobbiamo conservare la biodiversità del parco.
We must preserve the biodiversity of the park.
Environmental context.
Conserva queste istruzioni per il futuro.
Keep these instructions for the future.
Long-term intent.
Si è conservato molto bene nonostante l'età.
He has kept himself very well despite his age.
Reflexive passato prossimo.
La salsa va conservata in un luogo fresco.
The sauce should be kept in a cool place.
Passive construction with 'andare' + past participle.
Conservo la speranza di rivederti presto.
I maintain the hope of seeing you again soon.
Abstract emotional use.
I reperti archeologici sono conservati nel museo.
The archaeological finds are kept in the museum.
Passive voice, plural agreement.
Bisogna conservare l'integrità del database.
One must maintain the integrity of the database.
Technical/IT context.
L'azienda vuole conservare la sua quota di mercato.
The company wants to maintain its market share.
Economic/Business context.
Il freddo aiuta a conservare le proprietà del cibo.
The cold helps to preserve the properties of the food.
Scientific nuance.
Hanno deciso di conservare l'edificio storico.
They decided to preserve the historical building.
Architectural context.
L'opera d'arte si è conservata miracolosamente.
The artwork has been miraculously preserved.
Reflexive with adverb.
Conserva gelosamente i suoi appunti di ricerca.
He jealously guards his research notes.
Adverb 'gelosamente' adds nuance.
È necessario conservare un atteggiamento professionale.
It is necessary to maintain a professional attitude.
Abstract professional use.
L'archivio conserva documenti risalenti al XIV secolo.
The archive holds documents dating back to the 14th century.
Historical/Formal register.
La lingua deve conservare la sua purezza espressiva.
The language must preserve its expressive purity.
Linguistic/Academic context.
Nonostante la crisi, ha conservato il suo ottimismo.
Despite the crisis, he maintained his optimism.
Psychological resilience context.
Il trattato mira a conservare la pace tra le nazioni.
The treaty aims to preserve peace between nations.
Political/Diplomatic context.
Dobbiamo conservare il diritto alla privacy.
We must preserve the right to privacy.
Legal/Rights context.
La materia si conserva, non si distrugge.
Matter is conserved, it is not destroyed.
Scientific law (Lavoisier).
Egli conserva un'aura di mistero intorno a sé.
He maintains an aura of mystery around himself.
Literary/Descriptive use.
Il restauro ha permesso di conservare i colori originali.
The restoration allowed for the preservation of the original colors.
Art history context.
L'ente si impegna a conservare inalterato il paesaggio.
The organization is committed to keeping the landscape unaltered.
Formal administrative language.
Conserva pure le tue opinioni se non vuoi ascoltare.
Keep your opinions to yourself if you don't want to listen.
Idiomatic/Sarcastic nuance.
La memoria collettiva conserva le tracce del passato.
Collective memory preserves the traces of the past.
Sociological/Philosophical context.
Occorre conservare la coerenza logica del discorso.
It is necessary to maintain the logical coherence of the speech.
Rhetorical/Academic context.
Il reperto si conserva in uno stato di sospensione.
The artifact is kept in a state of suspension.
Highly technical/Scientific.
L'istituzione ha saputo conservare il proprio prestigio.
The institution has been able to maintain its prestige.
Institutional/High-register.
Serbare e conservare sono spesso interscambiabili in poesia.
To harbor and to preserve are often interchangeable in poetry.
Metalinguistic commentary.
Conserva la tua dignità anche nelle avversità.
Keep your dignity even in adversity.
Ethical/Moral context.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Standard instruction to keep a product away from sunlight.
Questo farmaco va conservato al riparo dalla luce.
— Instruction to store something in a dry place to avoid moisture.
Conserva la farina in luogo asciutto.
— To save something for a later time.
Non mangiarlo tutto, conservane un po' per dopo.
— To keep something very carefully because it is precious.
Conserva gelosamente quel segreto.
— When a document or law remains legally effective.
Il contratto conserva la sua validità.
— To maintain a physical or social distance.
In coda bisogna conservare le distanze.
— When a material or object holds heat.
La lana aiuta a conservare il calore corporeo.
— To save face or maintain one's reputation.
Ha cercato di conservare la faccia nonostante l'errore.
— To maintain one's cultural or personal character.
È difficile conservare la propria identità all'estero.
よく混同される語
Means 'to talk/converse'. It has an extra 'n'.
Means 'to deliver' or 'to hand over'.
Means 'to consume' or 'to use up'—the opposite of keeping!
慣用句と表現
— To look younger than one's actual age.
Tua zia si conserva proprio bene!
informal— To try to keep a secret that everyone already knows.
È inutile conservare il segreto di Pulcinella.
informal— To keep a dream or project on hold (waiting for the right time).
Conservo quel sogno nel cassetto da anni.
neutral— To ensure that one's identity remains unknown.
Il donatore ha preferito conservare l'anonimato.
formal— To stay calm and composed in a dangerous situation.
Ha conservato il sangue freddo durante l'incendio.
neutral— To keep a secret advantage for the right moment.
Conserva sempre un asso nella manica per la fine.
informal— To maintain one's physical fitness or thinness.
Fa sport per conservare la linea.
neutral— To be the one who finishes an argument or decides.
Vuole sempre conservare l'ultima parola.
neutral— To cherish a memory or person forever.
Ti conserverò sempre nel mio cuore.
poetic— To save one's strength for a more difficult task.
Conserva le energie per la salita.
neutral間違えやすい
Both translate to 'keep'.
Tenere is for physical holding or possession; conservare is for storage and preservation.
Tieni il mio zaino (Hold my bag) vs Conserva lo zaino in soffitta (Store the bag in the attic).
Similar meaning of 'preserve'.
Preservare implies protecting from a specific danger or harm; conservare is more about neutral storage.
Preservare la natura vs Conservare il cibo.
Both mean 'maintain'.
Mantenere is for sustaining a state or supporting someone; conservare is for keeping an object or memory.
Mantenere la famiglia vs Conservare le foto.
Both used for 'saving'.
Salvare is used for computer files or saving lives; conservare is for physical archiving.
Salva il documento (Save the file) vs Conserva i documenti (Keep the documents).
Literary synonym.
Serbare is poetic and restricted to feelings or secrets; conservare is used for everything.
Serbare odio vs Conservare le chiavi.
文型パターン
Io conservo [Object] in [Place].
Io conservo il latte in frigo.
Hai conservato [Object]?
Hai conservato lo scontrino?
Si conserva per [Time].
Si conserva per tre giorni.
Conservo un ricordo di [Person/Event].
Conservo un ricordo di mia nonna.
È importante conservare [Abstract Noun].
È importante conservare la calma.
[Subject] va conservato [Preposition].
Il farmaco va conservato al buio.
L'atto di conservare [Object] implica...
L'atto di conservare le tradizioni implica impegno.
Si è saputo conservare [Adverb].
Si è saputo conservare dignitosamente.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Very high, especially in domestic and professional contexts.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of a 'CONSERVative' person who likes to KEEP things the way they are. CONSERVARE = TO KEEP.
視覚的連想
Imagine a glass jar (una conserva) filled with bright red tomatoes sitting on a shelf for winter.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to label three items in your fridge with 'Da conservare' and write how long they last.
語源
From the Latin 'conservare', which is a compound of 'cum' (with/together) and 'servare' (to keep/guard).
元の意味： To guard together or to keep whole.
Romance (Italic)文化的な背景
No specific sensitivities; 'conservatore' can refer to a political conservative, which carries the same political weight as in English.
English speakers often use 'keep' or 'save', whereas Italians prefer 'conservare' for anything that feels more permanent or protective.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Kitchen/Food
- Conservare in frigo
- Data di conservazione
- Conservare al fresco
- Si conserva a lungo
Office/Business
- Conservare le ricevute
- Conservare i dati
- Conservare i file
- Conservazione dei documenti
Personal/Emotional
- Conservare un segreto
- Conservare un ricordo
- Conservare la calma
- Conservare nel cuore
Museum/Art
- Stato di conservazione
- Conservare i reperti
- Opere ben conservate
- Tecniche di conservazione
Science/Nature
- Conservazione dell'energia
- Conservare l'ambiente
- Conservare la specie
- Legge di conservazione
会話のきっかけ
"Come conservi di solito le tue foto preferite?"
"Qual è il ricordo più prezioso che conservi della tua infanzia?"
"Pensi che sia importante conservare tutte le tradizioni del passato?"
"Hai mai conservato un segreto per molto tempo?"
"Quale oggetto vecchio conservi ancora con affetto?"
日記のテーマ
Descrivi un oggetto che conservi da molti anni e spiega perché è importante per te.
Rifletti sull'importanza di conservare l'ambiente per le generazioni future.
Quali sono le tradizioni della tua famiglia che vorresti conservare per sempre?
Scrivi di un momento in cui hai dovuto conservare la calma in una situazione difficile.
Se potessi conservare solo tre ricordi della tua vita, quali sceglieresti?
よくある質問
2 問Yes, but 'risparmiare' is more common for the act of saving money from being spent. 'Conservare i soldi' implies keeping the physical cash in a safe place.
'Conserva' is a noun referring to preserved food (like jam). 'Conservazione' is the abstract noun fo
Summary
Conservare is the essential Italian verb for 'long-term keeping'. Unlike 'tenere', which is often just physical holding, 'conservare' implies protection and future utility. Example: 'Conservo questa foto nel mio cuore' (I keep this photo in my heart).
- Conservare means to keep, store, or preserve something for the future, whether it is physical, digital, or emotional.
- It is a regular -are verb, making it easy to conjugate in all tenses, and it takes the auxiliary 'avere'.
- It is frequently used for food storage, document archiving, and maintaining abstract concepts like memories and traditions.
- The reflexive form 'conservarsi' is used to describe how well a person or an object ages or stays in good condition.
関連コンテンツ
generalの関連語
abbagliare
C1To dazzle or blind with light or beauty
abbaglio
C1重大な間違いや思い違い。「彼は彼女を信じて大きな勘違い（abbaglio）をした。」
abbreviare
B1To make something shorter.
abnegazione
C1自己犠牲とは、他人のために自分の利益を捨てることです。
accadere
B1To happen or occur.
accadimento
B2出来事や事象。この言葉は、起こったことを説明するために正式な文脈で使用されます。
accaduto
B1起こったこと。
accanito
C1Fierce, persistent, or relentless in pursuit
accantonare
C1To put aside for future use or discard.
accattivante
C1魅力的で、人の心をつかむような様子を表します。
