Alright, let's get into how to use the Korean word 파업 (paeop), which means 'strike' or 'work stoppage'. Understanding how to fit this noun into sentences is crucial for sounding natural when you're talking about workers' rights, labor disputes, or just general disruptions. We'll cover common particles and verb constructions.
§ Basic Sentence Structure with 파업
As a noun, 파업 often appears with particles that show its role in the sentence. The most common patterns you'll see involve verbs like 'to do a strike' or 'to go on strike'.
§ 파업하다 (paeop-hada) - To go on strike
The easiest way to use 파업 as a verb is to attach ~하다 (-hada) to it. This creates the verb 파업하다, meaning 'to strike' or 'to go on strike'. This is a very common and direct way to express the action.
직원들이 파업했어요. (Jikwon-deuri paeop-haesseoyo.)
- Translation hint
- The employees went on strike.
버스가 파업해서 학교에 늦었어요. (Beoseuga paeop-haeseo hakgyoe neujeosseoyo.)
- Translation hint
- I was late for school because the bus went on strike.
§ 파업을 하다 (paeop-eul hada) - To do a strike
You can also use 파업 as the object of the verb 하다 (to do), using the object particle ~을/를 (-eul/reul). So, 파업을 하다 also means 'to do a strike' or 'to go on strike'. Both 파업하다 and 파업을 하다 are correct and commonly used, so don't stress too much about which one to pick. Often, the single word form 파업하다 feels a bit more integrated.
노동자들이 임금 인상을 요구하며 파업을 시작했어요. (Nodongja-deuri imgum insang-eul yogu-hamyeo paeop-eul sijakhaesseoyo.)
- Translation hint
- The laborers started a strike, demanding a wage increase.
그들은 어제부터 파업을 계속하고 있어요. (Geudeureun eoje-buteo paeop-eul gyesok-hago isseoyo.)
- Translation hint
- They have been continuing the strike since yesterday.
§ Noun + 파업 (paeop)
You can also combine 파업 with other nouns to specify the type of strike. This usually happens by attaching the noun directly to 파업 or by using the possessive particle ~의 (-ui), though direct attachment is more common for compounds.
- 총파업 (chong-paeop): general strike (총 means 'total' or 'general')
- 버스 파업 (beoseu paeop): bus strike
- 택시 파업 (taeksi paeop): taxi strike
- 철도 파업 (cheoldo paeop): railway strike
이번 총파업으로 인해 많은 불편이 예상됩니다. (Ibeon chong-paeop-euro inhae maneun bulpyeoni yesang-doemnida.)
- Translation hint
- Due to this general strike, much inconvenience is expected.
내일 버스 파업이 있어서 일찍 출발해야 해요. (Naeil beoseu paeop-i isseoseo iljjik chulbal-haeya haeyo.)
- Translation hint
- There's a bus strike tomorrow, so I have to leave early.
§ Related Verbs and Expressions
While 파업하다 is the main verb, you'll also hear other verbs used in conjunction with 파업 to describe its status or actions related to it.
- 파업에 참여하다 (paeop-e chamyeo-hada): to participate in a strike
- 파업을 끝내다 (paeop-eul kkeunnaeda): to end a strike
- 파업을 철회하다 (paeop-eul cheorhoe-hada): to call off/withdraw a strike
많은 조합원들이 파업에 참여했어요. (Maneun jo합won-deuri paeop-e chamyeo-haesseoyo.)
- Translation hint
- Many union members participated in the strike.
회사는 노동자들에게 파업을 끝내달라고 요청했어요. (Hoesaneun nodongja-deurege paeop-eul kkeunnaedallago yojeong-haesseoyo.)
- Translation hint
- The company asked the workers to end the strike.
§ When a Strike Happens
When you want to say 'because of a strike' or 'due to a strike', you'll often use common Korean causality expressions.
- 파업 때문에 (paeop ttaemune): because of a strike
- 파업으로 인해 (paeop-euro inhae): due to a strike (more formal)
파업 때문에 기차가 운행을 중단했어요. (Paeop ttaemune gichaga unhaeng-eul jungdan-haesseoyo.)
- Translation hint
- The train service stopped because of the strike.
파업으로 인해 공장이 멈췄습니다. (Paeop-euro inhae gongjang-i meomchwosseumnida.)
- Translation hint
- The factory stopped operating due to the strike.
Mastering these patterns will allow you to talk about strikes in various contexts. Remember, practice makes perfect, so try to form your own sentences using 파업!
How Formal Is It?
"현대차 노조가 임금 협상 결렬로 인해 전면 파업에 들어갔습니다. (Hyundai Motors union went on a full strike due to the breakdown of wage negotiations.)"
"회사가 직원들의 요구를 들어주지 않아 결국 파업하기로 결정했어요. (The company didn't meet the employees' demands, so they finally decided to go on strike.)"
"야, 우리도 파업할까? 월급이 너무 적잖아. (Hey, should we go on strike too? Our salary is too low.)"
"만화가들이 파업을 해서 새 만화를 볼 수 없게 됐어요. (The cartoonists went on strike, so we can't see new cartoons.)"
"아, 진짜 다 때려치우고 싶다! (Ugh, I really want to just quit everything!)"
豆知識
Many Korean words related to modern labor movements and industrialization were borrowed from Japanese, which in turn borrowed them from Western languages.
レベル別の例文
파업 때문에 버스가 안 와요.
Because of the strike, the bus isn't coming.
A common way to express cause/reason is -(으)니까, meaning 'because...'
회사에서 파업을 시작했어요.
The company started a strike.
This example uses an inanimate subject and describes the beginning of a strike.
노동자들이 파업을 계획하고 있어요.
The workers are planning a strike.
계획하다 means 'to plan'. -고 있다 means 'is/are -ing' (present continuous).
파업이 언제 끝날까요?
When will the strike end?
언제 means 'when'. 끝나다 means 'to end' or 'to be over'.
파업에 참여했어요.
I participated in the strike.
참여하다 means 'to participate'. -에 means 'in/at' a place or event.
파업으로 기차가 늦었어요.
The train was late due to the strike.
-(으)로 can indicate cause or reason. 늦다 means 'to be late'.
그들은 파업을 지지해요.
They support the strike.
지지하다 means 'to support'. -을/를 is the object marker.
파업 중에는 일하지 않아요.
During the strike, I don't work.
-중(-中) means 'during' or 'in the middle of'.
語源
From Japanese ストライキ (sutoraiki), which comes from English 'strike'.
元の意味： Work stoppage due to a labor dispute.
Sino-Korean (derived from English via Japanese)文化的な背景
In South Korea, strikes (파업) have been a significant part of the country's labor history, particularly during its rapid industrialization and democratization. Labor unions actively use strikes as a means to advocate for workers' rights, better wages, and improved working conditions. Public perception of strikes can vary widely, often depending on the industry, the impact on daily life, and the specific demands of the striking workers.
自分をテスト 30 問
회사원들이 임금 인상을 요구하며 ___을(를) 했습니다. (The office workers went on ___ demanding a wage increase.)
'파업'은 'strike'를 의미하며, 문맥상 임금 인상을 요구하는 상황에 가장 적합합니다.
버스 운전사들이 ___을(를) 해서 출근하기가 어려웠어요. (It was hard to go to work because the bus drivers went on ___.)
버스 운전사들이 '파업'을 하면 대중교통 이용이 어려워집니다.
노조는 더 나은 근무 조건을 위해 ___을(를) 시작했습니다. (The union started a ___ for better working conditions.)
노조가 근무 조건 개선을 위해 '파업'을 하는 것은 일반적인 상황입니다.
이번 주말에는 지하철 ___ 때문에 불편할 것 같아요. (It seems like it will be inconvenient this weekend because of the subway ___.)
지하철 '파업'은 대중교통 이용에 불편을 초래합니다.
공장 직원들이 임금 문제로 ___ 중입니다. (The factory workers are on ___ due to wage issues.)
임금 문제로 '파업'하는 것은 흔한 일입니다.
정부는 ___을(를) 해결하기 위해 노조와 대화하고 있습니다. (The government is talking with the union to resolve the ___.)
정부가 노조와 대화하여 '파업'을 해결하려 한다는 문맥이 자연스럽습니다.
Choose the best Korean word for 'strike' or 'work stoppage'.
'파업' directly translates to 'strike' or 'work stoppage'.
Which sentence correctly uses '파업'?
'파업을 하다' is the common phrase meaning 'to go on strike'.
What is the most likely result of a '파업'?
A strike, or '파업', means work stops, so a company might cease operations temporarily.
A '파업' usually means people are working harder.
A '파업' (strike) means people stop working as a form of protest, not that they work harder.
If there is a '파업' at a bus company, the buses might not run.
If bus drivers go on strike ('파업'), the service they provide (driving buses) would stop.
'파업' is a word related to food.
'파업' refers to a work stoppage or strike, not food.
Choose the most natural sentence using '파업'.
The word '파업' (strike) is a noun that describes a work stoppage. It naturally combines with verbs like '중단하다' (to stop) or '시작하다' (to start) in the context of a company or labor union. The other options are grammatically incorrect or semantically nonsensical.
Which sentence correctly uses '파업' in a past tense context?
'파업하다' (to strike) is a common verb phrase derived from the noun '파업'. In the past tense, '파업했습니다' (went on strike) is the correct form to describe a past event. The other options are either future tense, express preference, or are nonsensical.
Select the sentence that implies a potential negative impact of a strike.
Strikes, by nature, often disrupt services or production, leading to negative consequences for some parties. The sentence about traveler inconvenience directly describes such a negative impact. The other options make generalized, unrealistic claims about strikes always being positive or having no impact.
A '파업' can sometimes be resolved through negotiation.
Many strikes are initiated to pressure employers into negotiations over worker demands. Resolution often comes through agreement reached in these negotiations. So, it is true that strikes can be resolved through negotiation.
Only factory workers can participate in a '파업'.
While factory workers are often associated with strikes, any group of workers across various industries (e.g., teachers, healthcare professionals, transportation workers) can engage in a '파업' to protest or demand changes. Therefore, this statement is false.
A '파업' always leads to immediate and complete success for the striking workers.
The success of a strike depends on many factors, including public support, economic conditions, and the resolve of both the workers and the management. Not all strikes achieve all their goals immediately or completely. Thus, this statement is false.
This sentence describes a company negotiating with a union to avoid a strike. '회사는' (the company) is the subject, '파업을 피하기 위해' (to avoid a strike) is the purpose, and '노조와 협상하고 있다' (is negotiating with the union) is the action.
This sentence explains that long-term strikes caused production disruptions. '장기간의 파업으로 인해' (due to a long-term strike) is the cause, and '생산에 차질이 빚어졌다' (production was disrupted) is the effect.
This sentence details workers starting a strike to demand better working conditions. '노동자들은' (the workers) is the subject, '더 나은 근무 조건을 요구하며' (demanding better working conditions) is the reason, and '파업에 돌입했다' (started a strike) is the action.
This sentence means 'The company urged to stop the strike and engage in negotiations.' The correct order follows a typical Korean sentence structure of Subject-Object-Verb, with subordinate clauses preceding the main verb.
This sentence means 'Workers went on strike demanding better working conditions.' The structure starts with the subject 'workers', followed by the condition 'demanding better working conditions', and concludes with the action 'went on strike'.
This sentence means 'Due to the prolonged strike, there was a disruption in production.' The sentence begins with the cause 'due to the prolonged strike', followed by the effect 'a disruption occurred in production'.
/ 30 correct
Perfect score!
例文
노조는 파업을 결정했습니다.
関連コンテンツ
workの関連語
주 5일제
A2A system where one works five days a week, typically Monday to Friday.
결근
A2Absence from work; not being present at work.
결근하다
A2To be absent from work.
추상적이다
A2To be abstract.
출입증
A2ID card, access card.
회계
B1The systematic recording and reporting of financial transactions.
경리
A2Accounting or bookkeeping, managing financial records.
업적
B1A notable achievement or accomplishment.
적극적이다
A2To be active, to be proactive.
적극적으로
B1In an active, proactive, or enthusiastic manner.
