提取 30秒で
- 提取 is a formal verb for 'taking out' or 'extracting' something from a source, commonly used in banking, travel, and science.
- In daily life, it specifically refers to withdrawing cash (提取现金) or claiming luggage at an airport (提取行李).
- In technical contexts, it means isolating substances (提取DNA) or pulling specific data from a large set (提取关键词).
- It differs from 'take' (拿) by implying a systematic process or a formal source-to-recipient flow.
The Chinese verb 提取 (tíqǔ) is a versatile and essential term that describes the action of drawing out, extracting, or withdrawing something from a larger source or container. At its most basic level, it combines the character 提 (tí), meaning to lift or carry, with 取 (qǔ), meaning to take or fetch. Together, they create a concept of 'selective removal'—whether you are pulling cash from an ATM, extracting DNA in a lab, or distilling the main idea from a complex text.
- Physical Action
- Refers to picking up items or withdrawing physical assets, such as luggage at an airport or money from a bank account.
- Chemical/Scientific Process
- Used when a specific substance is isolated from a mixture, like extracting oil from seeds or essence from plants.
- Informational/Abstract
- Describes the cognitive or digital process of identifying and isolating specific data points or themes from a larger body of work.
他在自动取款机上提取了五百元现金。
科学家从这种植物中提取出了抗癌成分。
我们需要从这些原始数据中提取有用的信息。
请到行李提取处领取您的包裹。
这篇文章提取了该学说的核心观点。
- Synonym Nuance
- Compared to 提炼 (tíliàn), which implies refining or purifying, 提取 is more about the act of taking it out.
- Common Objects
- 现金 (cash), 公积金 (housing fund), 样本 (sample), 信息 (information), 精华 (essence).
Using 提取 correctly requires understanding its collocations across different domains. In daily life, it is most frequently used in banking and travel. In professional or academic settings, it shifts toward data and science.
1. Financial and Logistics (Daily Life)
When you go to a bank or an airport, you will see this word everywhere. It is the standard term for 'withdraw' or 'claim'.
- 提取现金 (tíqǔ xiànjīn): To withdraw cash.
- 提取行李 (tíqǔ xínglǐ): To claim/pick up luggage.
- 提取存款 (tíqǔ cúnkuǎn): To withdraw savings.
2. Scientific and Technical (Professional)
In a lab or factory, 提取 refers to the process of isolating a specific substance from a source.
- 提取DNA (tíqǔ DNA): To extract DNA.
- 提取色素 (tíqǔ sèsù): To extract pigment.
- 提取有效成分 (tíqǔ yǒuxiào chéngfèn): To extract active ingredients.
3. Information and Logic (Abstract)
This is common in IT and literature. It means to pull out specific details from a large amount of text or data.
- 提取关键词 (tíqǔ guānjiàncí): To extract keywords.
- 提取摘要 (tíqǔ zhāiyào): To extract a summary/abstract.
- 提取特征 (tíqǔ tèzhēng): To extract features (common in machine learning).
You will encounter 提取 in several specific environments. Recognizing these contexts will help you internalize the word's formal and functional tone.
At the Airport
After your flight lands, you follow signs for 行李提取 (Baggage Claim). The announcements might say: '请到三号转盘提取您的行李' (Please pick up your luggage at Carousel 3).
At the Bank
ATMs and bank counters use this word. A screen might ask: '请输入您要提取的金额' (Please enter the amount you wish to withdraw). In financial news, you might hear about people 提取公积金 (withdrawing their housing provident fund).
In Scientific Documentaries
Narrators often use 提取 when discussing nature or technology. '从深海生物中提取的酶...' (Enzymes extracted from deep-sea organisms...).
In Office and Tech Settings
Data analysts and developers use it constantly. '我们需要从数据库中提取上个月的销售记录' (We need to extract last month's sales records from the database).
Even intermediate learners often confuse 提取 with other 'taking' or 'extracting' verbs. Here are the most common pitfalls:
1. Confusing with 拿 (ná)
Mistake: 我去商店提取一个苹果。(I go to the store to extract an apple.)
Correction: 我去商店买/拿一个苹果。
Reason: 提取 is for formal withdrawal or systematic extraction, not casual picking up.
2. Confusing with 提炼 (tíliàn)
Mistake: 从数据中提炼现金。(Refining cash from data - sounds like alchemy.)
Correction: 从数据中提取信息。
Reason: 提炼 implies a process of purification or making something 'better' or 'purer' (like refining oil or a philosophy). 提取 is just the act of taking it out.
3. Confusing with 录取 (lùqǔ)
Mistake: 大学提取了我。(The university extracted me.)
Correction: 大学录取了我。
Reason: 录取 is specifically for enrollment or admission (to a school or job).
To master 提取, you should understand how it sits within a family of related verbs.
- 抽取 (chōuqǔ): To draw out or sample. Often used for random sampling or drawing lots (e.g., 抽取样本 - drawing a sample). It implies a 'pulling' motion.
- 提炼 (tíliàn): To refine or abstract. This involves not just taking something out, but making it pure. Used for oil, metals, or 'refining' a theory from experience.
- 采取 (cǎiqǔ): To adopt or take (measures/actions). Used for abstract things like policies or steps (e.g., 采取措施 - take measures).
- 获取 (huòqǔ): To gain or obtain. A broader term for getting something, often through effort (e.g., 获取知识 - gain knowledge).
- 摘录 (zhāilù): To excerpt. Specifically for taking a passage or quote from a book or speech.
How Formal Is It?
難易度
知っておくべき文法
The '从...中' (from within) structure used with verbs of removal.
Resultative complements (e.g., 提取出来).
Noun phrases acting as objects (e.g., 提取公积金).
Passive voice with '被' in scientific contexts.
Nominalization (e.g., 行李提取 as 'baggage claim').
レベル別の例文
我去提取行李。
I am going to pick up my luggage.
Subject + Verb + Object.
他在银行提取现金。
He is withdrawing cash at the bank.
Location + Verb + Object.
请在这里提取您的包裹。
Please pick up your package here.
Imperative sentence.
我要提取五十块钱。
I want to withdraw fifty yuan.
Want to + Verb + Amount.
行李提取处在哪里？
Where is the baggage claim?
Noun phrase + Where is?
你可以提取你的钱。
You can withdraw your money.
Can + Verb + Object.
他在提取他的东西。
He is picking up his things.
Present continuous.
请出示证件提取货物。
Please show ID to pick up the goods.
Action 1 to do Action 2.
我需要提取我的存款。
I need to withdraw my savings.
Need to + Verb + Object.
从这个文件中提取信息。
Extract information from this file.
From [Source] + Verb + Object.
他在自动取款机提取了钱。
He withdrew money from the ATM.
Completed action with '了'.
你可以从网上提取数据。
You can extract data from the internet.
Ability + Source + Verb + Object.
我们去提取那笔奖金吧。
Let's go withdraw that prize money.
Suggestion with '吧'.
她正在提取她的公积金。
She is withdrawing her housing fund.
Specific financial term.
请确认提取金额。
Please confirm the withdrawal amount.
Formal request.
他提取了重要的样本。
He extracted an important sample.
Adjective + Object.
我们需要从文章中提取关键词。
We need to extract keywords from the article.
Abstract object 'keywords'.
这种机器可以提取植物的油分。
This machine can extract oil from plants.
Technical capability.
他成功提取了DNA样本。
He successfully extracted a DNA sample.
Adverb 'successfully' + Verb.
请提取这段视频的音频。
Please extract the audio from this video.
Digital extraction.
我们从报告中提取了核心观点。
We extracted the core points from the report.
Abstract extraction.
他正在学习如何提取色素。
He is learning how to extract pigments.
Learning + How to + Verb.
这台电脑能快速提取数据。
This computer can extract data quickly.
Adverbial 'quickly'.
他提取了实验所需的化学物质。
He extracted the chemicals needed for the experiment.
Relative clause modifying the object.
科学家从深海鱼类中提取了这种酶。
Scientists extracted this enzyme from deep-sea fish.
Complex source description.
该算法能自动提取图像的特征。
The algorithm can automatically extract image features.
Technical 'algorithm' subject.
他在法庭上提取了关键证据。
He extracted/presented key evidence in court.
Legal context.
我们需要提取该系统的日志文件。
We need to extract the system's log files.
IT terminology.
这种方法可以有效提取土壤中的重金属。
This method can effectively extract heavy metals from soil.
Environmental science context.
作者从民间故事中提取了创作灵感。
The author extracted creative inspiration from folk tales.
Metaphorical extraction.
公司决定提取一部分利润用于研发。
The company decided to set aside/extract a portion of profits for R&D.
Business/Financial allocation.
请提取这个化学反应的副产品。
Please extract the byproducts of this chemical reaction.
Scientific precision.
该研究旨在从海量数据中提取有价值的商业洞察。
The research aims to extract valuable business insights from massive data.
Formal 'aims to' structure.
我们需要提取文本中的情感倾向。
We need to extract the emotional tendency (sentiment) from the text.
NLP (Natural Language Processing) context.
考古学家从遗址中提取了古代花粉样本。
Archaeologists extracted ancient pollen samples from the site.
Specialized scientific field.
他擅长从复杂的法律条文中提取核心逻辑。
He is good at extracting core logic from complex legal clauses.
High-level cognitive skill.
这种技术可以从空气中提取水分。
This technology can extract moisture from the air.
Environmental engineering.
我们需要提取不同文化背景下的共同特征。
We need to extract common features across different cultural backgrounds.
Sociological analysis.
该软件能从扫描件中提取文字信息。
The software can extract text information from scanned documents.
OCR technology context.
他从多年的教学经验中提取了一套独特的教学法。
He extracted a unique teaching methodology from years of teaching experience.
Abstract synthesis.
哲学家试图从存在的虚无中提取意义。
The philosopher attempts to extract meaning from the nothingness of existence.
Highly abstract/philosophical.
该史诗提取了民族精神的精髓。
The epic extracted the essence of the national spirit.
Literary criticism.
我们需要提取潜意识中的压抑情感进行分析。
We need to extract repressed emotions from the subconscious for analysis.
Psychological context.
他能从纷繁芜杂的表象中提取出事物的本质规律。
He can extract the essential laws of things from the chaotic and complicated appearances.
Advanced idiom use (纷繁芜杂).
该政策提取了以往失败教训中的核心变量。
The policy extracted core variables from the lessons of past failures.
Political/Policy analysis.
艺术家从工业废料中提取出一种荒诞的美感。
The artist extracted an absurd aesthetic from industrial waste.
Aesthetic theory.
这种翻译策略旨在提取原文的文化神韵而非仅仅是字面意思。
This translation strategy aims to extract the cultural spirit of the original text rather than just the literal meaning.
Translation theory.
他从古典音乐的旋律中提取了现代电子乐的节奏灵感。
He extracted rhythmic inspiration for modern electronic music from classical melodies.
Interdisciplinary synthesis.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
よく混同される語
拿 is general 'taking'; 提取 is formal/systematic removal from a source.
提炼 involves purification/refining; 提取 is just the act of taking out.
抽取 implies sampling or a 'pulling' motion; 提取 is more general extraction.
慣用句と表現
間違えやすい
文型パターン
使い方
Specifically used for data mining and feature selection.
Specifically used for isolating substances from a compound.
Specifically used for withdrawing from accounts (savings, funds).
Specifically used for claiming items held by a third party (luggage, packages).
- Using 提取 for casual 'taking' of objects.
- Confusing 提取 (extract) with 提炼 (refine).
- Using 提取 instead of 录取 for school admissions.
- Forgetting the object after the verb.
- Mispronouncing the tones, especially the 3rd tone in 'qǔ'.
ヒント
Use with '从...中'
This is the most natural way to describe where something is being extracted from. Practice this pattern.
Bank Vocabulary
When using an ATM in China, look for the button that says '提取' or '取款'.
HSK Prep
提取 often appears in HSK 4 and 5 reading sections, especially in scientific or social science passages.
Formal Tone
Using 提取 in professional meetings when discussing data will make you sound much more proficient.
Airport Cues
In Chinese airports, the phrase '行李提取' is your cue to head to the carousels.
Precision
In technical reports, use 提取 to describe the isolation of variables or data points.
The 'Lift' Connection
Remember the character '提' (lift). You are lifting something out of its original place.
Data Science
If you work in IT, learn '特征提取' (Feature Extraction) as it is a core concept in AI.
Delivery Lockers
Keep your '提取码' safe; you can't get your Taobao packages without it!
暗記しよう
語源
文化的な背景
The '公积金' (Provident Fund) is a key part of Chinese employment. Knowing how to '提取' it is essential for financial literacy in China.
Airports in China are massive; '行李提取' is one of the most important signs for travelers.
China's e-commerce relies on smart lockers. You receive a '提取码' via SMS to get your package.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
会話のきっかけ
"你一般在哪个银行提取现金？ (Which bank do you usually withdraw cash from?)"
"行李提取处在哪儿？我找不到了。 (Where is the baggage claim? I can't find it.)"
"你觉得从大数据中提取隐私信息合法吗？ (Do you think extracting private info from big data is legal?)"
"我们需要从这次失败中提取什么教训？ (What lessons do we need to extract from this failure?)"
"你收到快递的提取码了吗？ (Did you receive the pickup code for the express delivery?)"
日記のテーマ
描述一次你在机场提取行李时发生的趣事。 (Describe a funny thing that happened when you claimed luggage at the airport.)
如果你能从你的记忆中提取一段时光，你会选哪一段？ (If you could extract a period of time from your memory, which would you choose?)
讨论数据提取技术对现代生活的影响。 (Discuss the impact of data extraction technology on modern life.)
写一写你第一次提取公积金或大额存款的经历。 (Write about your first experience withdrawing housing funds or a large deposit.)
从你读过的一本书中提取三个核心观点并加以评论。 (Extract three core points from a book you've read and comment on them.)
よくある質問
10 問No, that's too casual. Use '拿' (ná) or '取' (qǔ). 提取 is for more formal or systematic processes.
Yes, but mostly in specific contexts like the bank, airport, or when talking about computer data. It's not used for everyday objects like food.
取 is a broad term for 'take'. 提取 is more specific, implying 'extracting' or 'withdrawing' from a source or system.
It is '行李提取' (xínglǐ tíqǔ) or '行李提取处' (xínglǐ tíqǔ chù).
Yes, you can extract 'information' (信息), 'keywords' (关键词), or 'lessons' (教训).
Yes, it's the standard word for 'extraction' in chemical experiments.
Generally no, unless you are 'extracting' someone from a database or a specific list in a technical sense. It's not for physical rescue.
It's a pickup code, usually a string of numbers used to open a delivery locker.
Yes, it always takes an object (the thing being extracted).
No, use '退出' (tuìchū) for that.
自分をテスト 180 問
/ 180 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Mastering '提取' allows you to navigate formal Chinese environments like banks and airports, while also enabling you to discuss data analysis and scientific processes with precision.
- 提取 is a formal verb for 'taking out' or 'extracting' something from a source, commonly used in banking, travel, and science.
- In daily life, it specifically refers to withdrawing cash (提取现金) or claiming luggage at an airport (提取行李).
- In technical contexts, it means isolating substances (提取DNA) or pulling specific data from a large set (提取关键词).
- It differs from 'take' (拿) by implying a systematic process or a formal source-to-recipient flow.
Context is Key
Always associate 提取 with 'Source -> Result'. If there's no clear source or system, it's probably the wrong word.
Use with '从...中'
This is the most natural way to describe where something is being extracted from. Practice this pattern.
Bank Vocabulary
When using an ATM in China, look for the button that says '提取' or '取款'.
HSK Prep
提取 often appears in HSK 4 and 5 reading sections, especially in scientific or social science passages.
例文
科学家从植物中提取出这种药物。
関連コンテンツ
scienceの関連語
吸收
A1吸収する。液体や知識を取り入れること。
海拔
B1The height of an object or place above sea level.
属性
B1物事や人が本来持っている性質や特徴。属性。
生物
B1Any living thing, or the study of living organisms. Basic term for IELTS biology-related reading passages.
模糊
A1ぼんやりとした、あいまいな。視界がはっきりしない時や、考えが明確でない時に使います。
呼吸
A1呼吸する；呼吸。
燃烧
A1燃焼する。燃える。火、熱、激しい感情に使われます。暖炉の火が燃え始めました。彼の音楽への情熱が燃えています。
计算
A1旅行の費用を計算する。
推算
B1論理、データ、または数学的手法を使用して何かを計算または推定すること。
校准
B1標準に対して正確であることを確認するために、計器、データ、または計画を調整またはチェックすること。
