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Schuldgefühl

B1 noun #6,000 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

Schuldgefühl

상위 6,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 Schuldgefühl 30초 만에

설명 Schuldgefühl in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'Schuldgefühl' is a very advanced word. Beginners usually learn 'schuldig' (guilty) or just the phrase 'Es tut mir leid' (I'm sorry). However, if you encounter it, think of it as two words: 'Schuld' (guilt/debt) and 'Gefühl' (feeling). At this stage, you should just recognize that it means someone 'feels bad' because they think they did something wrong. You might hear it in very simple contexts like 'Ich habe ein Schuldgefühl' (I have a feeling of guilt). You don't need to use it yourself yet, but knowing that 'Gefühl' means feeling will help you understand many other German words. Focus on the idea that this word describes a 'heavy heart'. It is a noun, so it always starts with a capital letter. In your mind, associate it with the emotion you have when you break a toy or forget to say 'thank you'.

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By A2, you are starting to learn more about emotions. 'Schuldgefühl' is still quite long, but you can break it down. You know 'das Gefühl' (the feeling) and maybe 'die Schuld' (the fault/guilt). At this level, you can start using it in simple sentences with the verb 'haben'. For example, 'Ich habe Schuldgefühle, weil ich nicht gelernt habe' (I have guilt feelings because I didn't study). You should also notice that Germans often use the plural 'Schuldgefühle' more than the singular. It's a useful word when you want to explain *why* you are apologizing. Instead of just saying 'Sorry', you are explaining your internal state. You might also see this word in simple stories or news headlines. Remember the gender is 'das' because the last part of the compound word, 'Gefühl', is neuter.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to talk about feelings and personal experiences in more detail. 'Schuldgefühl' is a key word here. You should be able to use it with different verbs like 'plagen' (to plague) or 'unterdrücken' (to suppress). You can now describe situations where you felt guilty: 'Nachdem ich das Geheimnis verraten hatte, plagten mich starke Schuldgefühle.' You should also understand the difference between 'Schuld' (the fact of being guilty) and 'Schuldgefühl' (the emotion). At B1, you start to see how this word is used in social contexts, like family pressure or work mistakes. You can also use adjectives to describe the feeling, like 'große' (big) or 'kleine' (small) Schuldgefühle. This word helps you sound more expressive and precise when discussing moral dilemmas or personal regrets in your speaking exams.

At B2, you should be comfortable using 'Schuldgefühl' in both spoken and written German. You should understand its nuances, such as 'irrational' or 'justified' guilt. You can use it in more complex grammatical structures, such as with the genitive: 'Das Schuldgefühl des Vaters war deutlich spürbar.' You are also likely to encounter it in newspaper articles, psychological texts, or literature. At this level, you should know related terms like 'Gewissensbisse' and be able to explain the difference. You might discuss societal topics like 'Kollektivschuld' (collective guilt) and how it affects a nation's 'Schuldgefühle'. You should also be able to use the word in the context of 'manipulation', such as 'Jemandem Schuldgefühle einreden' (to make someone feel guilty). Your vocabulary is now rich enough to distinguish between a simple 'bad conscience' and a deep-seated 'Schuldgefühl'.

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At the C1 level, you use 'Schuldgefühl' with stylistic precision. You understand its role in psychological and philosophical discourse. You can discuss the 'Funktionalität von Schuldgefühlen' (the functionality of guilt feelings) in social systems. You are familiar with idiomatic expressions and can use the word in formal essays or academic discussions. You might explore how 'Schuldgefühle' are portrayed in classical German literature (like Goethe or Schiller) or modern cinema. You can analyze the difference between 'Scham' (shame) and 'Schuldgefühl' (guilt) in a cultural context. Your ability to use the word with sophisticated verbs like 'hervorrufen' (to evoke), 'kompensieren' (to compensate), or 'bewältigen' (to cope with) shows a high level of fluency. You also recognize the word's weight in German history and can use it sensitively in discussions about the past.

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At C2, you have a near-native grasp of 'Schuldgefühl'. You can use it in all its abstract and metaphorical applications. You might engage in deep psychological analysis of 'pathologische Schuldgefühle' or discuss the theological implications of 'Schuldgefühl' in the works of Nietzsche or Freud. You understand the subtle differences in register between 'Gewissensnot', 'Zerknirschung', and 'Schuldgefühl'. You can use the word in complex rhetorical structures and appreciate its use in high literature. You are aware of the subtle ways 'Schuldgefühle' can be used in political rhetoric or advertising. Your use of the word is not just grammatically perfect, but also culturally and contextually nuanced, reflecting an understanding of the deep-seated 'conscience-culture' (Gewissenskultur) often associated with German-speaking societies.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

Schuldgefühl 30초 만에

A compound noun meaning the emotional experience of guilt.
Commonly used in the plural 'Schuldgefühle' to describe nagging regret.
Often paired with verbs like 'plagen' (to plague) or 'haben' (to have).
Central to German concepts of conscience (Gewissen) and social responsibility.

The German noun Schuldgefühl is a profound and multi-layered term that translates most directly to 'feeling of guilt' or 'sense of guilt'. It is a compound noun formed by 'die Schuld' (guilt, debt, or fault) and 'das Gefühl' (feeling or emotion). In German culture and psychology, this word describes the internal emotional state one experiences after realizing or believing they have violated a personal moral code, a social norm, or a legal law. Unlike the simple legal definition of guilt, Schuldgefühl focuses entirely on the subjective, internal experience of the individual. It is used extensively in clinical psychology, literature, and daily conversation to describe the 'nagging' or 'heavy' sensation in one's heart or mind. People use this word when they have forgotten a loved one's birthday, when they have made a mistake at work that affected colleagues, or when they reflect on larger historical or societal responsibilities. It is a word that carries significant weight because it implies a level of self-reflection and conscience. In a therapeutic context, one might speak of 'irrational' or 'unjustified' Schuldgefühle, where a person feels responsible for events outside of their control. Conversely, in a social context, it can be seen as a necessary component of empathy and social cohesion, as it prevents people from acting purely out of self-interest without regard for others.

Psychological Nuance: It refers to the emotional burden rather than the legal status of being guilty. One can have a Schuldgefühl without being legally 'schuldig'.
Social Function: It serves as a moral compass in German society, often linked to the concept of 'Verantwortung' (responsibility).

Nachdem er seine Mutter angelogen hatte, plagte ihn ein tiefes Schuldgefühl, das ihn die ganze Nacht wach hielt.

The word is also deeply embedded in German history and collective memory. After the events of the 20th century, the term 'Kollektivschuld' (collective guilt) and the resulting 'Schuldgefühle' became central themes in German philosophy and education. This makes the word especially sensitive and powerful in a German context. It is not just about 'feeling bad'; it is about the recognition of a debt to others or to one's own values. When someone says, 'Ich habe Schuldgefühle', they are admitting to a vulnerability and a moral struggle. It is often paired with verbs like 'plagen' (to plague/torment), 'unterdrücken' (to suppress), or 'überwinden' (to overcome). Understanding this word is key to understanding the German emphasis on 'Gewissen' (conscience).

Using Schuldgefühl correctly requires understanding its grammatical behavior as a neuter noun and the specific verbs that typically accompany it. Because it is an abstract emotion, it often acts as the subject of a sentence describing how an emotion 'acts' upon a person, or as the object of a person's internal struggle. The most common verb used with this noun is 'haben' (to have), but to sound more like a native speaker, one should use 'plagen' (to plague) or 'quälen' (to torment). For example, 'Mich plagen Schuldgefühle' (Guilt feelings are plaguing me) is a very common idiomatic way to express that you are feeling guilty. You can also 'wecken' (awaken) or 'auslösen' (trigger) Schuldgefühle in someone else. This is often discussed in the context of 'manipulative' behavior where someone uses guilt as a tool. In formal writing, such as a psychological report or a literary analysis, you might see 'das Entstehen von Schuldgefühlen' (the emergence of guilt feelings). Adjectives used to describe it include 'tief' (deep), 'erdrückend' (crushing), 'irrational' (irrational), or 'unbewusst' (unconscious). When constructing sentences, remember the plural 'Schuldgefühle' is frequently used even if referring to a single situation, as it encompasses the various thoughts associated with the feeling.

Es ist wichtig, diese Schuldgefühle nicht einfach zu ignorieren, sondern ihre Ursache zu finden.

Common Verb Pairings: Schuldgefühle haben/bekommen/empfinden/unterdrücken.
Prepositional Usage: Schuldgefühle wegen (+ Genitive/Dative) einer Sache haben (e.g., wegen des Fehlers).

In more complex sentence structures, you might use 'trotz' to indicate action taken despite the feeling: 'Trotz meiner Schuldgefühle konnte ich ihm nicht die Wahrheit sagen.' (Despite my feelings of guilt, I couldn't tell him the truth). If you are talking about the absence of this feeling, you would use 'keinerlei' for emphasis: 'Er empfand keinerlei Schuldgefühl nach seinem Verrat.' (He felt no sense of guilt whatsoever after his betrayal). In academic or professional settings, the word is often used to analyze motivations: 'Das Schuldgefühl fungiert hier als regulatorischer Mechanismus innerhalb der Gruppe.' (The feeling of guilt functions here as a regulatory mechanism within the group). Whether you are writing a personal diary entry or a formal essay, 'Schuldgefühl' allows you to pinpoint a specific, heavy internal state that 'bad conscience' (schlechtes Gewissen) only partially covers.

You will encounter Schuldgefühl in a variety of settings, ranging from intimate personal conversations to high-brow intellectual discourse. In daily life, it is extremely common in the context of family and relationships. For instance, a mother might talk about 'Mutter-Schuldgefühle' (mother guilt) when she has to work late and cannot spend time with her children. Friends might use it when apologizing for a missed event: 'Ich hatte solche Schuldgefühle, dass ich deinen Anruf verpasst habe.' In the media, especially in talk shows or podcasts focusing on mental health and self-improvement, experts frequently discuss how to handle 'toxische Schuldgefühle' (toxic guilt feelings). You will also hear it in news reports when discussing legal cases where a defendant shows 'keine Reue' (no remorse) or 'keinerlei Schuldgefühle'. In German literature and cinema, this word is a staple. Think of the works of Franz Kafka or Heinrich Böll, where characters are often crushed by unnamed or existential Schuldgefühle. If you watch German crime dramas (Krimis) like 'Tatort', the detective might analyze the suspect's behavior, noting a lack of visible Schuldgefühl as a sign of a psychopathic personality.

In der Therapie sprachen wir lange über seine irrationalen Schuldgefühle gegenüber seinem Vater.

Cultural Context: German history lessons often deal with 'Kollektivschuldgefühle' regarding the Nazi past.
Modern Media: Self-help books often have titles like 'Frei von Schuldgefühlen'.

In a professional environment, the word might come up during conflict resolution or HR meetings. 'Wir wollen hier niemandem Schuldgefühle machen, sondern eine Lösung finden' (We don't want to make anyone feel guilty here, but find a solution). It is also prevalent in religious contexts, particularly in confessions or sermons discussing sin and atonement. Whether it's a teenager talking to a counselor, a politician addressing a historical injustice, or a partner expressing regret in a relationship, Schuldgefühl is the precise term used to label that heavy, internal moral weight. It is more formal than saying 'Ich fühle mich schlecht' (I feel bad), as it specifies the moral nature of the discomfort.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is confusing 'Schuld' with 'Schuldgefühl'. While 'Schuld' can mean 'guilt' in a legal or objective sense (e.g., 'Die Schuld des Angeklagten wurde bewiesen'), 'Schuldgefühl' is strictly the subjective emotion. You can be 'schuldig' (guilty) without having 'Schuldgefühle', and you can have 'Schuldgefühle' without being 'schuldig'. Another common error involves the plural form. In English, we often say 'a feeling of guilt' (singular), but in German, it is very common to use the plural 'Schuldgefühle' even when referring to one specific event. Using the singular 'Schuldgefühl' can sometimes sound slightly more medical or abstract than the more natural plural. Additionally, learners often struggle with the preposition. You have guilt feelings wegen (because of) something, not für (for) something in the way English uses 'guilt for'. For example, 'Schuldgefühle wegen des Unfalls' is correct, while 'Schuldgefühle für den Unfall' sounds like translated English. Another pitfall is the confusion with 'Schulden' (debts). Both come from the root 'Schuld', but 'Schulden' refers specifically to money owed to a bank or a person. Saying 'Ich habe Schuldgefühle bei der Bank' would imply you feel emotionally guilty toward the building, rather than just owing them money.

Falsch: Ich habe Schulden gegenüber meiner Schwester. (Unless you owe her money! Use 'Schuldgefühle' for the emotion.)

Confusion with 'Gewissen': 'Schlechtes Gewissen' (bad conscience) is often used interchangeably, but 'Schuldgefühl' is the specific name of the emotion itself.
Preposition Pitfall: Always use 'wegen' + Genitive (or Dative in colloquial speech) to specify the cause.

Finally, be careful with the verb 'fühlen'. While in English we say 'to feel guilt', in German, you 'empfinden' (experience/feel) or 'haben' (have) a 'Schuldgefühl'. You can say 'Ich fühle mich schuldig' (I feel guilty - adjective), but with the noun, 'Ich habe Schuldgefühle' is the standard. Avoid saying 'Ich fühle ein Schuldgefühl', which sounds redundant and non-native. Mastering these distinctions will help you describe complex emotional states with the precision that the German language is famous for.

German has a rich vocabulary for moral and emotional states, so 'Schuldgefühl' often lives alongside several similar terms. The most common alternative is ein schlechtes Gewissen (a bad conscience). While 'Schuldgefühl' is the psychological name for the emotion, 'ein schlechtes Gewissen haben' is the everyday phrase for that nagging feeling that you've done something wrong. Another close relative is Reue (remorse/repentance). 'Reue' is more active; it implies not just feeling bad, but wishing you could undo the action. You might have Schuldgefühle for years, but Reue usually leads to a desire for atonement or apology. Then there is Gewissensbisse (literally: conscience bites). This is a more vivid, idiomatic way to describe the 'stings' of guilt. If your guilt is keeping you up at night, you have 'Gewissensbisse'. For a more formal or religious tone, you might encounter Zerknirschung (contrition), which describes a state of being deeply crushed by one's own failings. On the more intellectual side, Selbstvorwurf (self-reproach) focuses on the internal dialogue of blaming oneself, which often accompanies Schuldgefühle. Understanding these nuances allows you to choose the word that best fits the intensity and context of the situation.

Schuldgefühl vs. Reue: Schuldgefühl is the feeling of being responsible; Reue is the specific regret for a deed.
Schuldgefühl vs. Gewissensbisse: Schuldgefühl is the general state; Gewissensbisse are the 'pangs' or sharp moments of guilt.

Anstatt nur Schuldgefühle zu haben, sollte er echte Reue zeigen und sich entschuldigen.

When you want to downplay the feeling, you might use Unbehagen (unease) or Skrupel (scruples). 'Skrupel' are the moral hesitations you feel before doing something wrong, whereas Schuldgefühle come after. In a professional setting, if someone says they have 'Bedenken' (concerns), they are often masking a potential Schuldgefühl about a decision. By learning these alternatives, you can navigate the complex landscape of German social interactions where admitting to a 'Schuldgefühl' is a significant emotional disclosure, while having 'ein schlechtes Gewissen' is a common, almost daily occurrence.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

In German, the word for 'guilt' (Schuld) is the same as the word for 'debt' (Schulden). This linguistic link deeply influences how Germans think about moral responsibility as something that must be 'paid back'.

발음 가이드

UK ˈʃʊltɡəˌfyːl

US ˈʃʊltɡəˌfyl

Primary stress is on the first syllable 'Schuld', secondary stress on 'fühl'.

라임이 맞는 단어

Mitgefühl Heimatgefühl Fingerspitzengefühl Machtgefühl Glücksgefühl Hassgefühl Ekelgefühl Taktgefühl

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'ü' like 'u' (it should be more like 'ee' with rounded lips).
Merging 'ld' and 'g' too much; they should be distinct.
Forgetting the 't' sound at the end of 'Schuld'.
Pronouncing 'Gefühl' like 'Gefull'.
Stress on the wrong syllable.

난이도

독해 3/5

The word is long but clearly composed of two common roots.

쓰기 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the compound and knowledge of dative/genitive for 'wegen'.

말하기 4/5

The 'ü' sound and the 'ldg' cluster can be tricky for English speakers.

듣기 3/5

Usually easy to identify due to the distinct 'sch' and 'fühl' sounds.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

Schuld Gefühl schuldig fühlen Gewissen

다음에 배울 것

Reue Sühne Verantwortung Gewissensbisse Verzeihung

고급

Kollektivschuld Existentialismus Super-Ego Moralphilosophie Katharsis

알아야 할 문법

Compound Nouns

Schuld + Gefühl = das Schuldgefühl (The gender comes from the second word).

Preposition 'wegen'

Wegen meiner Schuldgefühle (Genitive) / Wegen meinen Schuldgefühlen (Dative/Colloquial).

Plural Usage

Germans often use the plural 'Schuldgefühle' for abstract emotional states.

Verb 'plagen'

Mich plagen Schuldgefühle (The emotion is the subject, the person is the object).

Reflexive Verbs and Guilt

Sich Vorwürfe machen (To reproach oneself).

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수준별 예문

Ich habe ein Schuldgefühl.

I have a feeling of guilt.

Simple subject + verb + object structure.

Hast du Schuldgefühle?

Do you have guilt feelings?

Question form using the plural.

Das Schuldgefühl ist groß.

The feeling of guilt is big.

Using 'das' because 'Gefühl' is neuter.

Kein Schuldgefühl heute.

No feeling of guilt today.

Negation with 'kein'.

Mein Schuldgefühl kommt spät.

My feeling of guilt comes late.

Possessive pronoun 'mein'.

Ein kleines Schuldgefühl ist okay.

A small feeling of guilt is okay.

Adjective ending for neuter noun.

Sie fühlt ein Schuldgefühl.

She feels a feeling of guilt.

Third person singular.

Wir haben keine Schuldgefühle.

We have no guilt feelings.

Plural negation.

Ich habe Schuldgefühle, weil ich gelogen habe.

I have guilt feelings because I lied.

Subordinate clause with 'weil'.

Er bekommt Schuldgefühle nach dem Streit.

He gets guilt feelings after the argument.

Preposition 'nach' + dative.

Warum hast du diese Schuldgefühle?

Why do you have these guilt feelings?

Demonstrative pronoun 'diese'.

Ohne Schuldgefühl lebt es sich besser.

It's better to live without a feeling of guilt.

Preposition 'ohne' + accusative.

Sie hat oft Schuldgefühle wegen der Arbeit.

She often has guilt feelings because of work.

Preposition 'wegen' + genitive/dative.

Das Schuldgefühl geht nicht weg.

The feeling of guilt does not go away.

Negative 'nicht' with a separable verb.

Hattest du früher auch Schuldgefühle?

Did you also have guilt feelings in the past?

Präteritum (past tense) of 'haben'.

Kleine Schuldgefühle sind normal.

Small guilt feelings are normal.

Plural adjective ending.

Mich plagen Schuldgefühle, weil ich meinen Freund vergessen habe.

Guilt feelings are plaguing me because I forgot my friend.

Verb 'plagen' used with accusative object 'mich'.

Sie versucht, ihre Schuldgefühle zu unterdrücken.

She is trying to suppress her guilt feelings.

Infinitiv mit 'zu'.

Es ist schwer, mit diesem Schuldgefühl zu leben.

It is hard to live with this feeling of guilt.

Adjectival construction + infinitive.

Haben Sie Schuldgefühle wegen Ihrer Entscheidung?

Do you have guilt feelings because of your decision?

Formal 'Sie' and possessive 'Ihrer'.

Das Schuldgefühl war stärker als die Freude.

The feeling of guilt was stronger than the joy.

Comparative 'stärker als'.

Er redet nie über seine Schuldgefühle.

He never talks about his guilt feelings.

Preposition 'über' + accusative.

Tief im Inneren fühlte sie ein leises Schuldgefühl.

Deep inside, she felt a quiet sense of guilt.

Adverbial phrase 'tief im Inneren'.

Oft entstehen Schuldgefühle aus einem Missverständnis.

Often, guilt feelings arise from a misunderstanding.

Verb 'entstehen' (to arise).

Die ständigen Schuldgefühle beeinträchtigen seine Lebensqualität.

The constant guilt feelings are affecting his quality of life.

Adjective 'ständig' and complex noun.

Man sollte niemandem unnötige Schuldgefühle einreden.

One should not talk anyone into unnecessary guilt feelings.

Phrase 'jemandem etwas einreden'.

Sein Schuldgefühl rührt von einem Fehler in der Vergangenheit her.

His feeling of guilt stems from a mistake in the past.

Separable verb 'herrühren von'.

Es gibt keinen Grund für diese tiefen Schuldgefühle.

There is no reason for these deep guilt feelings.

Negation 'keinen Grund'.

Sie empfand ein überwältigendes Schuldgefühl gegenüber ihren Eltern.

She felt an overwhelming sense of guilt toward her parents.

Preposition 'gegenüber' + dative.

Schuldgefühle können ein Zeichen von Empathie sein.

Guilt feelings can be a sign of empathy.

Modal verb 'können'.

Er versuchte, seine Schuldgefühle durch gute Taten zu kompensieren.

He tried to compensate for his guilt feelings through good deeds.

Preposition 'durch' + accusative.

In diesem Buch wird das Thema Schuldgefühl ausführlich behandelt.

In this book, the topic of guilt is treated in detail.

Passive voice 'wird behandelt'.

Das kollektive Schuldgefühl einer Nation kann Generationen überdauern.

The collective guilt of a nation can last for generations.

Genitive attribute 'einer Nation'.

Psychologen unterscheiden zwischen gesunden und neurotischen Schuldgefühlen.

Psychologists distinguish between healthy and neurotic guilt feelings.

Preposition 'zwischen' + dative plural.

Oft sind Schuldgefühle das Resultat internalisierter gesellschaftlicher Normen.

Often, guilt feelings are the result of internalized societal norms.

Complex noun 'gesellschaftlicher Normen'.

Er litt unter massiven Schuldgefühlen, die er jahrelang verdrängt hatte.

He suffered from massive guilt feelings that he had suppressed for years.

Relative clause with Plusquamperfekt.

Das Schuldgefühl fungiert als moralischer Kompass in einer komplexen Welt.

The feeling of guilt functions as a moral compass in a complex world.

Verb 'fungieren als'.

Die Intensität seines Schuldgefühls war in seinem Schweigen spürbar.

The intensity of his guilt was palpable in his silence.

Abstract noun 'Intensität'.

Man muss lernen, sich von unbegründeten Schuldgefühlen zu distanzieren.

One must learn to distance oneself from unfounded guilt feelings.

Reflexive verb 'sich distanzieren von'.

Das Werk thematisiert das Schuldgefühl als existentielle Last.

The work themes the feeling of guilt as an existential burden.

Verb 'thematisieren'.

Die philosophische Abhandlung seziert das Schuldgefühl bis in seine kleinsten Bestandteile.

The philosophical treatise dissects the feeling of guilt down to its smallest components.

Metaphorical use of 'sezieren'.

Das pathologische Schuldgefühl entzieht sich oft jeder rationalen Argumentation.

Pathological guilt often eludes any rational argumentation.

Reflexive verb 'sich entziehen'.

In der Postmoderne erfährt das Konzept des Schuldgefühls eine grundlegende Transformation.

In postmodernity, the concept of guilt undergoes a fundamental transformation.

Noun-verb connection 'Transformation erfahren'.

Die Ambivalenz zwischen Schuldgefühl und Sühnewunsch prägt den Protagonisten.

The ambivalence between guilt and the desire for atonement shapes the protagonist.

Sophisticated vocabulary: 'Ambivalenz', 'Sühnewunsch'.

Das Schuldgefühl wird hier als soziokulturelles Konstrukt dekonstruiert.

The feeling of guilt is deconstructed here as a socio-cultural construct.

Academic terminology: 'Konstrukt', 'dekonstruieren'.

Seine Ausführungen über das Schuldgefühl zeugen von tiefer psychologischer Einsicht.

His remarks on the feeling of guilt testify to deep psychological insight.

Phrase 'zeugen von'.

Das Schuldgefühl kann als Katalysator für moralische Weiterentwicklung dienen.

The feeling of guilt can serve as a catalyst for moral development.

Metaphorical use of 'Katalysator'.

Eine Welt ohne jegliches Schuldgefühl wäre wohl eine Welt ohne Gewissen.

A world without any feeling of guilt would likely be a world without a conscience.

Konjunktiv II (subjunctive) for hypothetical scenarios.

자주 쓰는 조합

Schuldgefühle haben

von Schuldgefühlen geplagt sein

Schuldgefühle unterdrücken

Schuldgefühle wecken

tiefe Schuldgefühle

unbegründete Schuldgefühle

jemandem Schuldgefühle machen

Schuldgefühle abbauen

quälende Schuldgefühle

Schuldgefühle überwinden

자주 쓰는 구문

sich mit Schuldgefühlen herumschlagen

— To struggle or wrestle with feelings of guilt.

Er schlägt sich schon lange mit Schuldgefühlen herum.

Schuldgefühle auslösen

— To trigger or cause feelings of guilt.

Seine Worte lösten bei ihr Schuldgefühle aus.

frei von Schuldgefühlen sein

— To be free from any sense of guilt.

Er scheint völlig frei von Schuldgefühlen zu sein.

Schuldgefühle einreden

— To talk someone into feeling guilty.

Lass dir keine Schuldgefühle einreden!

ein dumpfes Schuldgefühl

— A dull, persistent feeling of guilt.

Sie spürte ein dumpfes Schuldgefühl im Hintergrund.

Schuldgefühle kompensieren

— To try to make up for guilt through other actions.

Er kompensiert seine Schuldgefühle durch Geschenke.

irrationale Schuldgefühle

— Guilt feelings that have no logical basis.

Therapie hilft gegen irrationale Schuldgefühle.

das kollektive Schuldgefühl

— The sense of guilt shared by a group or nation.

Das kollektive Schuldgefühl nach dem Krieg war groß.

Schuldgefühle gegenüber jemandem

— Feeling guilty towards a specific person.

Ich habe Schuldgefühle gegenüber meiner Schwester.

keinerlei Schuldgefühl empfinden

— To feel absolutely no sense of guilt.

Er empfand keinerlei Schuldgefühl für seine Tat.

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Schuldgefühl vs Schulden

Financial debts. You owe money, you don't 'feel' it as a moral weight in this word.

Schuldgefühl vs Scham

Shame. This is about how you appear to others; guilt is about your own internal rules.

Schuldgefühl vs Reue

Remorse. Reue is the specific wish that you hadn't done the act.

관용어 및 표현

"ein schlechtes Gewissen haben"

— To have a bad conscience; the most common way to say you feel guilty.

Ich habe ein schlechtes Gewissen, weil ich dich angelogen habe.

neutral

"sich Vorwürfe machen"

— To reproach oneself; to keep thinking about what one did wrong.

Mach dir keine Vorwürfe, es war ein Unfall.

neutral

"Gewissensbisse haben"

— To have 'pangs' of conscience.

Hattest du keine Gewissensbisse dabei?

neutral

"die Schuld auf sich laden"

— To take the guilt/blame upon oneself.

Er hat eine schwere Schuld auf sich geladen.

formal

"etwas auf dem Kerbholz haben"

— To have something on one's 'notch-stick' (to have committed a crime or wrong).

Er hat schon einiges auf dem Kerbholz.

colloquial

"reinen Tisch machen"

— To clear the air; to confess and get rid of guilt.

Wir müssen endlich reinen Tisch machen.

colloquial

"sein Gewissen erleichtern"

— To ease one's conscience (by confessing or making amends).

Er wollte sein Gewissen erleichtern.

neutral

"auf dem Gewissen haben"

— To have something (usually a death or a major mistake) on one's conscience.

Er hat drei Menschenleben auf dem Gewissen.

neutral

"ein reines Gewissen haben"

— To have a clear conscience.

Ich kann in den Spiegel schauen, ich habe ein reines Gewissen.

neutral

"sich die Schuld geben"

— To blame oneself.

Gib dir nicht die Schuld an allem!

neutral

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Schuldgefühl vs Schuld

Same root.

Schuld is the fact of being guilty (legal/objective). Schuldgefühl is the emotion.

Er trägt die Schuld am Unfall, empfindet aber kein Schuldgefühl.

Schuldgefühl vs Schulden

Plural of Schuld (debts).

Schulden refers to money owed. Schuldgefühle refers to emotions.

Ich habe Schulden bei der Bank, aber keine Schuldgefühle.

Schuldgefühl vs Schlechtes Gewissen

Used in similar contexts.

Schlechtes Gewissen is more colloquial and common for small things. Schuldgefühl is more formal/psychological.

Ich habe ein schlechtes Gewissen, weil ich den Kuchen gegessen habe.

Schuldgefühl vs Vorwurf

Related to blame.

Vorwurf is an accusation (from outside or inside). Schuldgefühl is the resulting feeling.

Sein Vorwurf löste bei ihr Schuldgefühle aus.

Schuldgefühl vs Reue

Both involve feeling bad.

Reue is the regret for a specific deed. Schuldgefühl is the broader emotional state.

Aus Reue gestand er die Tat, um sein Schuldgefühl zu lindern.

문장 패턴

Ich habe [Noun].

Ich habe Schuldgefühle.

Ich habe Schuldgefühle, weil [Subordinate Clause].

Ich habe Schuldgefühle, weil ich nicht angerufen habe.

[Object] plagen Schuldgefühle.

Ihn plagen Schuldgefühle.

Schuldgefühle wegen [Genitive/Dative].

Schuldgefühle wegen des Fehlers.

Jemandem Schuldgefühle einreden.

Sie redet ihm Schuldgefühle ein.

Schuldgefühle durch [Accusative] kompensieren.

Er kompensiert Schuldgefühle durch Arbeit.

Das [Adjective] Schuldgefühl [Verb].

Das kollektive Schuldgefühl belastet die Gesellschaft.

Das Schuldgefühl als [Noun] dekonstruieren.

Das Schuldgefühl als soziales Konstrukt dekonstruieren.

어휘 가족

명사

Schuld

Gefühl

Verschuldung

Schuldner

Mitschuld

Unschuld

Schuldbewusstsein

Schuldspruch

동사

beschuldigen

entschuldigen

verschulden

fühlen

mitfühlen

empfinden

형용사

schuldig

schuldbewusst

gefühlvoll

gefühllos

unschuldig

gefühlsbetont

사용법

frequency

High in psychological, social, and personal contexts.

자주 하는 실수

Ich habe Schulden wegen meiner Lüge. → Ich habe Schuldgefühle wegen meiner Lüge.
'Schulden' refers to financial debt. For emotions, use 'Schuldgefühle'.
Ich fühle ein Schuldgefühl. → Ich habe ein Schuldgefühl. / Ich empfinde ein Schuldgefühl.
In German, you 'have' or 'experience' (empfinden) a noun-based feeling, rather than 'feeling' it directly with the verb 'fühlen'.
Schuldgefühle für den Fehler. → Schuldgefühle wegen des Fehlers.
Use 'wegen' (+ genitive/dative) to indicate the cause of the guilt, not 'für'.
Er ist schuldig an dem Unfall. → Er hat Schuld an dem Unfall. / Er ist schuld an dem Unfall.
'Schuldig' is often used in legal contexts. In daily life, 'schuld sein' (adjective-like) or 'Schuld haben' is more common.
Das Schuldgefühl ist maskulin. → Das Schuldgefühl ist neutrum.
Compound nouns take the gender of the last part. 'Das Gefühl' is neuter.

팁

Compound Nouns

Always remember that the gender of a German compound noun is determined by the last word. Since 'Gefühl' is neuter (das), 'Schuldgefühl' is also neuter.

Plural vs. Singular

When in doubt, use the plural 'Schuldgefühle'. It sounds more natural in most conversational contexts.

Verbs of Torment

Use 'plagen' or 'quälen' to describe intense guilt. It makes your German sound more descriptive and native.

The Weight of Schuld

Understand that 'Schuld' is a heavy word in German culture. Use it with appropriate seriousness.

Should-Feeling

Think of it as the 'Should-Feeling' - the feeling of what you should have done.

Adjective Pairings

Pair 'Schuldgefühl' with adjectives like 'tief' (deep) or 'irrational' for better impact.

The 'ü' Sound

Practice the long 'ü' in 'Gefühl'. It is the key to being understood clearly.

Internal vs External

Remember that 'Schuldgefühl' is internal. If someone else is blaming you, that is a 'Vorwurf'.

Debt and Guilt

Keep in mind the connection between debt (Schulden) and guilt (Schuld). It explains the 'weight' of the word.

Making Guilt

'Jemandem Schuldgefühle machen' is a very useful phrase for describing social dynamics.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Should' (Schuld) + 'Feeling' (Gefühl). It's the 'Should-have-done-it-differently feeling'.

시각적 연상

Imagine a person carrying a heavy stone (Schuld) in their heart (Gefühl).

Word Web

Schuld Gefühl Gewissen Reue Herz Kopf Last Wahrheit

챌린지

Try to write a short paragraph about a time you felt a 'Schuldgefühl' using at least three synonyms from the list above.

어원

A compound of 'Schuld' (Old High German 'sculd') and 'Gefühl' (from 'fühlen', Old High German 'fuolen').

원래 의미: 'Schuld' originally meant a debt or obligation, while 'Gefühl' refers to the act of touching or sensing.

Germanic (Indo-European).

문화적 맥락

Be careful when discussing 'Kollektivschuld' (collective guilt) as it is a deeply serious and sometimes controversial historical/political topic in Germany.

In English, 'guilt' is often used more broadly. In German, 'Schuldgefühl' is specifically the internal emotion, whereas 'Schuld' can be very formal or legal.

Franz Kafka's 'The Trial' (Der Process) is the ultimate exploration of unexplained Schuldgefühl. Sigmund Freud wrote extensively on 'Schuldgefühl' as a function of the Super-ego. Bernhard Schlink's 'The Reader' (Der Vorleser) deals with generational Schuldgefühl.

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실제 사용 상황

Relationships

Es tut mir leid, ich habe Schuldgefühle.
Du machst mir Schuldgefühle.
Wir müssen darüber reden.
Ich wollte dich nicht verletzen.

Psychology

Wie entstehen Schuldgefühle?
Sind diese Schuldgefühle rational?
Man muss Schuldgefühle verarbeiten.
Das Unterdrücken von Schuldgefühlen.

Law/Crime

Der Täter zeigte kein Schuldgefühl.
Ein Geständnis aus Schuldgefühl.
Die Last der Schuld.
Reue und Schuldgefühl.

History

Das kollektive Schuldgefühl.
Die Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit.
Verantwortung übernehmen.
Nie wieder.

Daily Regrets

Ich habe Schuldgefühle wegen der Diät.
Schuldgefühle nach dem Shoppen.
Zu wenig Zeit für die Familie.
Den Geburtstag vergessen.

대화 시작하기

"Hattest du schon mal Schuldgefühle wegen einer Kleinigkeit?"

"Glaubst du, dass Schuldgefühle nützlich sein können?"

"Wie gehst du mit Schuldgefühlen um, wenn du einen Fehler gemacht hast?"

"Warum machen Eltern ihren Kindern oft Schuldgefühle?"

"Kann man eine ganze Nation für die Taten der Vergangenheit mit Schuldgefühlen belasten?"

일기 주제

Beschreibe eine Situation, in der dich Schuldgefühle geplagt haben. Was hast du getan?

Schreibe einen Brief an dein 'Schuldgefühl'. Was würdest du ihm sagen?

Sind Schuldgefühle ein Zeichen von Schwäche oder von Stärke? Begründe deine Meinung.

Wie unterscheidet sich ein Schuldgefühl von Scham? Reflektiere über deine eigenen Erfahrungen.

Stell dir eine Welt ohne Schuldgefühle vor. Wie würde die Gesellschaft aussehen?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, but it is very commonly used in the plural ('Schuldgefühle') when talking about the general state of feeling guilty. The singular is used for the concept itself or a specific instance.

'Schlechtes Gewissen' is the everyday term for 'bad conscience'. 'Schuldgefühl' is more precise and often used in psychological or formal contexts.

It is better to say 'Ich habe Schuldgefühle' or 'Ich empfinde ein Schuldgefühl'. 'Fühlen' is usually used with adjectives: 'Ich fühle mich schuldig'.

Yes, it describes a painful emotion, but psychologists often point out its positive social function in maintaining moral standards.

The idiomatic German phrase is 'jemandem Schuldgefühle machen' or 'jemandem ein schlechtes Gewissen machen'.

No, it can also mean 'debt' or 'fault/cause'. For example, 'Wer hat Schuld?' means 'Whose fault is it?'.

Yes, 'schuldfrei' or 'ohne Schuldgefühle'.

Common verbs include haben, empfinden, plagen, quälen, unterdrücken, and abbauen.

Yes, like forgetting to water a plant, though 'schlechtes Gewissen' is more common for minor issues.

It is often used to discuss Germany's 'Kollektivschuldgefühl' regarding its 20th-century history.

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