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B1 adjective #5,000 가장 일반적인 11분 분량

perjudicial

상위 5,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 perjudicial 30초 만에

설명 perjudicial in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'perjudicial' frequently, but you should recognize it as a more formal way of saying 'malo' (bad) or 'no es bueno' (it's not good). Think of it as a word that explains why something is bad. For example, if you say 'El chocolate es malo para los perros,' you are using A1 Spanish. If you see a sign that says 'Perjudicial para la salud,' you should understand that it means 'Bad for your health.' At this stage, focus on the fact that it ends in '-al,' so it doesn't matter if the thing you are talking about is a boy (masculine) or a girl (feminine). It stays the same. Just remember: Perjudicial = Bad/Harmful.

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As an A2 learner, you are starting to use more specific adjectives. Instead of just saying everything is 'malo,' you can start using 'perjudicial' when talking about health, food, or habits. You will notice that it is often followed by the word 'para' (for). For example: 'Fumar es perjudicial para los pulmones.' You should also learn the plural form, which is 'perjudiciales.' If you are talking about many things, like 'los dulces,' you say 'Los dulces son perjudiciales.' This word helps you sound a bit more serious and grown-up in your Spanish conversations, especially when giving advice or talking about the environment.

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At the B1 level, 'perjudicial' should be a regular part of your vocabulary. You are now expected to discuss topics like the environment, social issues, and personal well-being in more detail. You should use 'perjudicial' to describe not just physical harm, but also abstract harm. For example, 'Una mala educación es perjudicial para el futuro de un niño.' You should also be able to distinguish it from the noun 'perjuicio' (harm/damage) and the verb 'perjudicar' (to harm). At this level, you should be comfortable using it with different verbs like 'ser,' 'resultar,' and 'parecer.' You are moving beyond simple descriptions and starting to explain cause and effect.

For B2 learners, 'perjudicial' is a key term for academic and professional discussions. You should use it to evaluate complex situations. You might use it in a debate about the economy: 'Esta política podría ser perjudicial para el pequeño comercio.' You should also be aware of its synonyms like 'nocivo' or 'dañino' and know that 'perjudicial' is often the best choice for general negative impacts. You should also be careful not to confuse it with the English false friend 'prejudicial' (biased). At this level, you should be using adverbs to modify it, such as 'altamente perjudicial' or 'potencialmente perjudicial,' to add nuance to your arguments.

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At the C1 level, you should have a sophisticated grasp of 'perjudicial' and its related forms. you understand its legal and formal nuances. You can use it in complex sentence structures, such as 'No por ser común deja de ser perjudicial' (Just because it's common doesn't mean it's not harmful). You are expected to recognize it in high-level literature, legal documents, and scientific journals. You should also understand the concept of 'perjuicio' in a legal sense (damages) and how 'perjudicial' relates to the infringement of rights or interests. Your usage should be precise, choosing 'perjudicial' over 'lesivo' or 'nocivo' based on the exact context of the harm being discussed.

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At the C2 level, 'perjudicial' is a simple tool in your vast linguistic toolbox. You use it with total precision, often in philosophical or highly technical contexts. You might discuss 'el carácter perjudicial de ciertas ideologías' or the 'efectos perjudiciales acumulativos' of a specific chemical process. You understand the historical etymology of the word and how it connects to the concept of 'judgment' (from Latin praeiudicium). You are able to use the word in rhetorical devices and can effortlessly switch between 'perjudicial' and its most obscure synonyms like 'pernicioso' or 'deletéreo' to achieve a specific stylistic effect in your writing or oratory.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

perjudicial 30초 만에

Perjudicial means harmful or detrimental in Spanish.
It is a formal adjective that works for both masculine and feminine nouns.
It is frequently used with the preposition 'para' (e.g., perjudicial para la salud).
Commonly found in news, health warnings, and professional contexts.

The Spanish word perjudicial is a powerful adjective used to describe anything that causes harm, damage, or has a negative impact on a person, an object, or a situation. At its core, it is the direct equivalent of the English words 'harmful,' 'detrimental,' or 'damaging.' While it is a common word in everyday speech, it carries a slightly more formal weight than the simple word 'malo' (bad). When you use perjudicial, you are specifically pointing out the negative consequences or the 'prejudice' (in the legal sense of damage) that an action or substance causes.

Health and Habits: In the context of wellness, this word is ubiquitous. Doctors use it to describe the effects of smoking, a poor diet, or lack of sleep. It describes substances or behaviors that deteriorate physical or mental integrity over time. For example, 'El sedentarismo es perjudicial para el corazón' (A sedentary lifestyle is harmful to the heart).
Environmental Impact: When discussing ecology, it refers to pollutants or invasive species that disrupt ecosystems. Scientists might refer to 'emisiones perjudiciales' (harmful emissions) that contribute to global warming or damage local biodiversity.
Legal and Economic Contexts: In law, 'perjudicial' relates to 'perjuicio' (loss or damage). A contract clause might be perjudicial to one of the parties, meaning it unfairly puts them at a disadvantage or causes them financial loss. It is often used in court to describe evidence or actions that 'prejudice' a case.

'El consumo excesivo de azúcar es altamente perjudicial para el desarrollo dental de los niños.'

Translation: Excessive sugar consumption is highly harmful to the dental development of children.

Understanding the nuance of this word involves recognizing that it isn't just about 'badness,' but about the process of causing damage. It implies a causal link between the subject and a negative outcome. It is also an adjective that does not change based on gender; it remains 'perjudicial' whether it describes a masculine noun like 'el humo' (the smoke) or a feminine noun like 'la radiación' (the radiation). However, it does change for number, becoming 'perjudiciales' when referring to plural nouns.

'Estas nuevas regulaciones podrían resultar perjudiciales para las pequeñas empresas.'

In a broader social sense, the word can describe ideas, rumors, or social trends. A 'rumor perjudicial' is one that damages someone's reputation. A 'decisión perjudicial' is a choice that leads to negative consequences for a community. It is a versatile tool for critique and analysis across all levels of Spanish discourse, from a mother scolding a child for sitting too close to the TV to a politician debating the merits of a new tax law.

'No digas mentiras; son perjudiciales para tu credibilidad.'

Register and Tone: Using 'perjudicial' elevates your Spanish. Instead of saying 'la contaminación es mala,' saying 'la contaminación es perjudicial' sounds more precise and educated. It is the language of newspapers, textbooks, and professional reports.

Mastering the use of perjudicial requires an understanding of its grammatical behavior as an adjective. In Spanish, adjectives typically follow the noun they modify, and perjudicial is no exception. However, because it is often used with the verb 'ser' (to be) to make a statement about the nature of something, its placement can vary between attributive and predicative positions.

Noun-Adjective Agreement: Since 'perjudicial' ends in a consonant (-l), it does not change for gender. It is used for both masculine and feminine nouns. To make it plural, simply add '-es' to the end: perjudiciales.
Example: 'Un efecto perjudicial' (masc. sing.) vs. 'Una acción perjudicial' (fem. sing.).
Example: 'Efectos perjudiciales' (masc. plur.) vs. 'Acciones perjudiciales' (fem. plur.).

'Las grasas trans son extremadamente perjudiciales para las arterias.'

One of the most common structures you will encounter is: [Subject] + [Verb Ser] + perjudicial + para + [Object]. This is the standard way to express that something is harmful to something else. Note that 'para' is the preposition of choice here, equivalent to 'to' or 'for' in English. Using 'a' or 'hacia' in this context would sound unnatural to a native speaker.

'Ese tipo de comentarios puede ser perjudicial para el clima laboral de la oficina.'

In more formal or literary writing, you might find the adjective placed before the noun to emphasize the quality of the noun rather than just identifying it. For example, 'Los perjudiciales efectos del cambio climático...' (The harmful effects of climate change...). This shift in position adds a touch of gravity and stylistic flair, often found in journalism or academic essays.

With Modal Verbs: It is frequently paired with verbs like 'resultar' (to turn out to be) or 'parecer' (to seem). Example: 'Esta decisión podría resultar perjudicial a largo plazo' (This decision could turn out to be harmful in the long run).

'No creo que ver televisión sea perjudicial, siempre que se haga con moderación.'

Finally, consider the negative construction. To say something is 'not harmful,' you simply add 'no' before the verb: 'No es perjudicial.' However, if you want to say something is 'harmless,' Spanish speakers often prefer the specific adjective 'inofensivo.' Using 'no perjudicial' is correct but sounds more like a clinical or legal disclaimer than a casual observation.

If you were to walk through a Spanish-speaking city, you might not hear perjudicial in every casual conversation at a café, but you would certainly see and hear it in any context involving advice, news, or official information. It is a word that bridges the gap between everyday concern and professional expertise.

In the Media and News: News anchors and journalists use this word constantly. Whether they are reporting on a new law that might be 'perjudicial para la economía' or a chemical spill that is 'perjudicial para el medio ambiente,' it is the standard term for describing negative impacts on a large scale.
Health Campaigns: Public health announcements (PSAs) in Spain or Latin America frequently use this word. You will see it on posters in clinics or in television ads warning about the dangers of drugs, tobacco, or excessive sun exposure. 'El tabaco es perjudicial para la salud' is perhaps the most famous sentence containing this word, as it is legally required on cigarette packaging in many Spanish-speaking countries.

'Las autoridades advirtieron que el humo de los incendios es perjudicial para los ancianos y niños.'

In a professional setting, such as a business meeting or a legal consultation, 'perjudicial' is the go-to word to describe risks. A lawyer might tell a client that a certain piece of testimony could be 'perjudicial para el caso' (detrimental to the case). An accountant might warn that a specific investment strategy is 'perjudicial para los intereses de la empresa.'

'Esa actitud pesimista es perjudicial para la moral del equipo.'

In academic environments, students and professors use it to discuss theories or historical events. A historian might argue that a certain treaty was 'perjudicial para el desarrollo del país.' A scientist might explain how certain pesticides are 'perjudiciales para las abejas.' It is a word that signals a level of critical thinking and objective assessment.

Parental Advice: Even in the home, parents use it to sound more authoritative. Instead of just saying 'don't do that, it's bad,' a parent might say, 'Comer tantos caramelos es perjudicial para tus dientes,' which sounds more like a statement of fact than a simple rule.

'El uso excesivo de pantallas puede ser perjudicial para el sueño de los adolescentes.'

In summary, 'perjudicial' is a word of consequences. It is heard wherever there is a need to evaluate the impact of an action, substance, or idea on the well-being of a person or a system. It is clinical, serious, and precise.

While perjudicial is a straightforward adjective, English speakers and even intermediate Spanish learners often stumble over its usage due to false cognates, prepositional errors, and confusion with its noun form.

The 'Prejudice' Trap: One of the most common mistakes is assuming 'perjudicial' means 'prejudiced' (having a bias). In English, 'prejudicial' can mean 'causing bias' in a legal sense, but in Spanish, the word for being biased or having a prejudice is prejuicioso. If you want to say 'He is a prejudiced person,' do NOT say 'Él es una persona perjudicial' (which would mean 'He is a harmful person'). Use 'Él es una persona con prejuicios' or 'Él es prejuicioso.'

❌ Incorrect: 'Esa opinión es perjudicial contra los extranjeros.' (Meaning biased)
✅ Correct: 'Esa opinión es prejuiciosa contra los extranjeros.'

Another frequent error involves the noun form. The noun for 'harm' or 'damage' is perjuicio, but many learners try to invent words like 'perjudicialidad' (which exists but is very rare) or confuse it with 'perjuicio'. Remember: 'perjudicial' is the adjective (harmful), and 'perjuicio' is the noun (harm/damage).

'Fumar es perjudicial para la salud.' (NOT 'a la salud')

Confusion with 'dañino' and 'nocivo' is also common. While these are synonyms, they are not always interchangeable. 'Nocivo' is often used for toxic substances or gases, while 'perjudicial' is broader. Using 'nocivo' to describe a bad business decision would sound strange; 'perjudicial' is much better there.

Gender Agreement Confusion: Some learners try to change the ending to '-a' for feminine nouns (e.g., 'una dieta perjudiciala'). This is incorrect. Adjectives ending in '-al' are invariable for gender. It is always 'perjudicial' regardless of the noun's gender.

'Una situación perjudicial.' (Correct)
'Una situación perjudiciala.' (Incorrect)

Lastly, don't confuse 'perjudicial' with 'perjudicial' (English legal term). In English law, 'prejudicial' often means something that influences a jury unfairly. In Spanish, while 'perjudicial' can be used in law, it almost always means 'causing actual damage' rather than just 'causing bias'. To express 'unfairly influencing', you might use 'sesgado' or 'tendencioso'.

To truly master Spanish, you need to know when to use perjudicial and when to reach for a synonym that might fit the context more precisely. Spanish has a rich vocabulary for 'harm,' and each word carries its own specific flavor.

Dañino vs. Perjudicial: Dañino is the most direct synonym. It comes from 'daño' (damage). While 'perjudicial' sounds a bit more formal and abstract, 'dañino' is often used for physical things that cause damage, like an insect that eats crops ('un insecto dañino') or a toxic substance. However, they are interchangeable in most health contexts.
Nocivo vs. Perjudicial: Nocivo is often reserved for things that are poisonous, toxic, or injurious to health in a biological sense. You hear about 'gases nocivos' or 'sustancias nocivas.' 'Perjudicial' is broader and can be used for non-biological things like 'una ley perjudicial' (a harmful law).
Contraproducente: This means 'counterproductive.' Use this when an action intended to help actually makes things worse. It's a specific type of 'perjudicial' outcome where the result is the opposite of what was desired.

'Ese insecto es dañino para las plantas, pero no es nocivo para los humanos.'

For more formal or legal contexts, you might encounter lesivo. This word is very formal and usually refers to something that violates a right or causes legal injury. For instance, 'un contrato lesivo para los intereses del Estado' (a contract injurious to the State's interests). It is much more specific than 'perjudicial'.

'El remedio resultó contraproducente y empeoró la fiebre.'

On the opposite end of the spectrum, we have inofensivo (harmless) and inocuo (innocuous). Use 'inofensivo' for things that don't pose a threat (like a small spider) and 'inocuo' for things that don't have any effect at all, often used in medicine to describe a substance with no pharmacological action.

Malicioso: While 'perjudicial' describes the effect, 'malicioso' describes the intent. Something can be perjudicial without being malicioso (like an accidental fire), but a 'software malicioso' (malware) is designed specifically to be perjudicial.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

"La normativa vigente resulta perjudicial para el desarrollo económico."

중립

"Fumar es perjudicial para la salud."

비격식체

"No comas eso, que es perjudicial."

Child friendly

"Comer muchos caramelos es perjudicial para tus dientes."

속어

"Ese tío es perjudicial, aléjate de él."

재미있는 사실

Although it comes from the same root as 'prejudice' (prejuicio), in Spanish, 'perjudicial' shifted focus to the negative outcome of a judgment, hence 'harmful'.

발음 가이드

UK /peɾ.xu.ðiˈsjal/

US /peɾ.xu.ðiˈsjal/

Last syllable (jal).

라임이 맞는 단어

especial artificial oficial social inicial parcial esencial comercial

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'j' like an English 'j' (as in 'jump'). It should be a breathy 'h'.
Stressing the wrong syllable (e.g., saying per-JU-di-cial).
Making the 'd' too hard, like in 'dog'. In Spanish, it's softer between vowels.
Forgetting the 'i' in 'cial', making it sound like 'cal'.
Pronouncing the 'l' at the end like an English 'l'. In Spanish, it's a 'clear l'.

난이도

독해 3/5

Common in news and labels.

쓰기 4/5

Requires correct spelling and 'para' usage.

말하기 3/5

Pronouncing the 'j' and 'cial' takes practice.

듣기 3/5

Easy to recognize once the 'j' sound is mastered.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

malo daño salud para ser

다음에 배울 것

perjudicar nocivo beneficioso consecuencia riesgo

고급

deletéreo lesivo pernicioso menoscabo detrimento

알아야 할 문법

Adjective agreement for -al endings

El humo (m) es perjudicial. La dieta (f) es perjudicial.

Pluralization of adjectives ending in consonants

Perjudicial -> Perjudiciales.

Use of 'para' with adjectives of effect

Es perjudicial para (to/for) el cuerpo.

Position of adjectives for emphasis

Los perjudiciales efectos de la droga (emphasizes 'harmful').

Adverbial modification

Es sumamente perjudicial.

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수준별 예문

Comer muchos dulces es perjudicial.

Eating many sweets is harmful.

Simple adjective use after 'es'.

El sol fuerte es perjudicial para la piel.

The strong sun is harmful to the skin.

Use of 'para' to show who is affected.

No es bueno, es perjudicial.

It is not good, it is harmful.

Contrast between 'bueno' and 'perjudicial'.

Fumar es perjudicial.

Smoking is harmful.

Infinitive as a subject.

Esta comida es perjudicial para mi perro.

This food is harmful to my dog.

Feminine noun 'comida' with 'perjudicial'.

El ruido es perjudicial.

The noise is harmful.

Masculine noun 'ruido' with 'perjudicial'.

Las mentiras son perjudiciales.

Lies are harmful.

Plural agreement: 'perjudiciales'.

Beber mucho refresco es perjudicial.

Drinking a lot of soda is harmful.

Infinitive phrase as subject.

Dormir poco es perjudicial para la concentración.

Sleeping little is harmful to concentration.

Abstract noun 'concentración' after 'para'.

El plástico es perjudicial para el océano.

Plastic is harmful to the ocean.

Environmental context.

Estas pastillas pueden ser perjudiciales.

These pills can be harmful.

Plural adjective with 'pueden ser'.

No hagas eso, es perjudicial para ti.

Don't do that, it's harmful to you.

Pronoun 'ti' after 'para'.

El estrés es muy perjudicial para el corazón.

Stress is very harmful to the heart.

Use of 'muy' to intensify.

Las grasas malas son perjudiciales para la salud.

Bad fats are harmful to health.

Standard health phrase.

Ese producto es perjudicial para el medio ambiente.

That product is harmful to the environment.

Common environmental phrase.

Escuchar música muy alta es perjudicial para los oídos.

Listening to very loud music is harmful to the ears.

Plural noun 'oídos'.

El uso excesivo del móvil es perjudicial para las relaciones sociales.

Excessive mobile use is harmful to social relationships.

Abstract social context.

Un clima de trabajo negativo es perjudicial para la productividad.

A negative work climate is harmful to productivity.

Professional context.

La falta de lluvia es perjudicial para las cosechas.

The lack of rain is harmful to the crops.

Agricultural context.

Ciertas leyes pueden resultar perjudiciales para los ciudadanos.

Certain laws can turn out to be harmful to citizens.

Use of 'resultar' instead of 'ser'.

Es perjudicial juzgar a las personas sin conocerlas.

It is harmful to judge people without knowing them.

Impersonal 'es' + adjective + infinitive.

La contaminación acústica es perjudicial para el bienestar.

Noise pollution is harmful to well-being.

Specific term 'contaminación acústica'.

Un exceso de autocrítica puede ser perjudicial para la autoestima.

An excess of self-criticism can be harmful to self-esteem.

Psychological context.

Ese tipo de publicidad es perjudicial para los niños.

That type of advertising is harmful to children.

Media context.

La devaluación de la moneda fue perjudicial para las importaciones.

The devaluation of the currency was detrimental to imports.

Economic context, past tense 'fue'.

El sedentarismo se considera altamente perjudicial en la sociedad moderna.

A sedentary lifestyle is considered highly harmful in modern society.

Passive 'se considera' + adverb 'altamente'.

Sus declaraciones fueron perjudiciales para su carrera política.

His statements were harmful to his political career.

Impact on reputation/career.

La introducción de especies exóticas es perjudicial para el ecosistema local.

The introduction of exotic species is harmful to the local ecosystem.

Scientific/Ecological context.

No tomes una decisión que sea perjudicial para tu futuro.

Don't make a decision that is harmful to your future.

Subjunctive 'sea' in a relative clause.

El consumo de tabaco es perjudicial tanto para el fumador como para los que le rodean.

Tobacco consumption is harmful both to the smoker and to those around them.

Correlative structure 'tanto... como'.

Las tensiones comerciales son perjudiciales para la estabilidad global.

Trade tensions are harmful to global stability.

Geopolitical context.

Un exceso de burocracia es perjudicial para la innovación empresarial.

Excessive bureaucracy is harmful to business innovation.

Business/Organizational context.

La carencia de una visión a largo plazo resultó perjudicial para la empresa.

The lack of a long-term vision proved detrimental to the company.

Formal noun 'carencia'.

El fallo judicial fue considerado perjudicial para los derechos humanos.

The judicial ruling was considered harmful to human rights.

Legal context.

Ciertos sesgos cognitivos son perjudiciales para la toma de decisiones objetivas.

Certain cognitive biases are detrimental to objective decision-making.

Psychological/Scientific context.

La explotación desmedida de recursos es perjudicial para la sostenibilidad del planeta.

The excessive exploitation of resources is harmful to the planet's sustainability.

Formal adjective 'desmedida'.

No podemos ignorar los efectos perjudiciales que esto conlleva.

We cannot ignore the harmful effects that this entails.

Verb 'conllevar' (to entail).

La censura es perjudicial para la libertad de expresión.

Censorship is harmful to freedom of expression.

Political/Social philosophy.

Una dieta carente de nutrientes es perjudicial para el desarrollo cognitivo.

A diet lacking in nutrients is harmful to cognitive development.

Formal structure 'carente de'.

El estigma social es perjudicial para la integración de los colectivos vulnerables.

Social stigma is harmful to the integration of vulnerable groups.

Sociological context.

La hegemonía de un solo pensamiento puede ser perjudicial para la dialéctica intelectual.

The hegemony of a single thought can be detrimental to intellectual dialectics.

High-level philosophical vocabulary.

Se debate si la intervención estatal es perjudicial o beneficiosa para el libre mercado.

It is debated whether state intervention is harmful or beneficial for the free market.

Economic theory context.

La acumulación de microplásticos resulta perjudicial de manera irreversible para la fauna marina.

The accumulation of microplastics is irreversibly harmful to marine fauna.

Adverbial phrase 'de manera irreversible'.

Cualquier alteración en el equilibrio osmótico es perjudicial para la célula.

Any alteration in the osmotic balance is harmful to the cell.

Biological/Technical context.

La obsolescencia programada es perjudicial tanto para el consumidor como para la ecología.

Planned obsolescence is harmful both to the consumer and to ecology.

Specific economic term 'obsolescencia programada'.

El populismo exacerbado suele ser perjudicial para la salud democrática de una nación.

Exacerbated populism is usually harmful to the democratic health of a nation.

Political science context.

La falta de rigurosidad en el método científico es perjudicial para el avance del conocimiento.

The lack of rigor in the scientific method is harmful to the advancement of knowledge.

Academic context.

Resulta perjudicial para la equidad social que la riqueza se concentre en tan pocas manos.

It is detrimental to social equity that wealth is concentrated in so few hands.

Subjunctive 'se concentre' after 'resulta perjudicial que'.

자주 쓰는 조합

perjudicial para la salud

efecto perjudicial

altamente perjudicial

perjudicial para el medio ambiente

ser perjudicial

resultar perjudicial

acción perjudicial

consecuencias perjudiciales

sustancia perjudicial

perjudicial para los intereses

자주 쓰는 구문

En nada perjudicial

— Not harmful at all. Used to reassure someone.

Este cambio no es en nada perjudicial.

Ser seriamente perjudicial

— To be seriously harmful. Used in grave warnings.

Este error puede ser seriamente perjudicial.

Nada más perjudicial que...

— Nothing more harmful than... Used for emphasis.

Nada más perjudicial que la ignorancia.

Potencialmente perjudicial

— Something that might become harmful.

Es una zona potencialmente perjudicial.

Efectos perjudiciales a largo plazo

— Harmful effects that appear after a long time.

Tiene efectos perjudiciales a largo plazo.

Claramente perjudicial

— Obviously harmful.

Su conducta es claramente perjudicial.

Extremadamente perjudicial

— Extremely harmful.

Es un veneno extremadamente perjudicial.

Perjudicial para terceros

— Harmful to third parties (other people).

Su acción fue perjudicial para terceros.

No ser perjudicial

— To not be harmful.

Este producto no es perjudicial.

Considerar perjudicial

— To deem something harmful.

El juez consideró perjudicial el testimonio.

자주 혼동되는 단어

perjudicial vs prejuicioso

Means 'prejudiced' (biased). 'Perjudicial' means 'harmful'.

perjudicial vs perjuicio

This is the noun (harm). 'Perjudicial' is the adjective.

perjudicial vs prejudicial

In English law, it means causing bias. In Spanish, use 'sesgado'.

관용어 및 표현

"Echar por tierra"

— To ruin or destroy something, often in a 'perjudicial' way.

Esa noticia echó por tierra sus planes.

Informal

"Poner en peligro"

— To put in danger, which is a perjudicial act.

Pusiste en peligro a tu familia.

Neutral

"Salir el tiro por la culata"

— To backfire (be contraproducente/perjudicial unexpectedly).

Quiso ayudar, pero le salió el tiro por la culata.

Informal

"Hacer mella"

— To make a dent or have a negative/perjudicial impact.

El cansancio está haciendo mella en él.

Neutral

"Ser un arma de doble filo"

— To be a double-edged sword (potentially perjudicial).

Internet es un arma de doble filo.

Neutral

"Cavarse su propia fosa"

— To dig one's own grave (do something very perjudicial to oneself).

Con esa mentira se cavó su propia fosa.

Informal

"Llover sobre mojado"

— To go from bad to worse (additional perjudicial events).

Perdió el trabajo y ahora está enfermo; llueve sobre mojado.

Informal

"Poner palos en las ruedas"

— To put a spoke in someone's wheel (be perjudicial to their progress).

Mi jefe siempre pone palos en las ruedas.

Informal

"Ser el fin del mundo"

— To be the end of the world (exaggerating how perjudicial something is).

No es el fin del mundo, solo es un examen.

Informal

"Costar un ojo de la cara"

— To cost an arm and a leg (perjudicial to the wallet).

Ese coche le costó un ojo de la cara.

Informal

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perjudicial vs dañino

Both mean harmful.

Dañino is more common for physical/biological damage; perjudicial is broader.

Un hongo dañino vs. una ley perjudicial.

perjudicial vs nocivo

Both mean harmful.

Nocivo is usually for toxic substances; perjudicial is for any negative impact.

Gases nocivos vs. rumores perjudiciales.

perjudicial vs lesivo

Both mean harmful.

Lesivo is strictly legal or very formal; perjudicial is general.

Contrato lesivo vs. hábito perjudicial.

perjudicial vs malo

Both mean bad.

Malo is generic; perjudicial specifically implies causing damage.

Un mal día vs. un efecto perjudicial.

perjudicial vs contraproducente

Both mean negative.

Contraproducente means the opposite of the intended good effect happened.

La medicina fue contraproducente.

문장 패턴

[Noun] es perjudicial.

El azúcar es perjudicial.

[Noun] es perjudicial para [Noun].

El sol es perjudicial para la piel.

[Gerund] puede ser perjudicial.

Fumar puede ser perjudicial.

Resultar perjudicial para...

La huelga resultó perjudicial para el turismo.

No por [Adjective] deja de ser perjudicial.

No por ser natural deja de ser perjudicial.

El carácter perjudicial de [Noun]...

El carácter perjudicial de la medida fue evidente.

Es perjudicial que [Subjunctive]...

Es perjudicial que no duermas lo suficiente.

Efectos perjudiciales de [Noun]...

Los efectos perjudiciales de la sequía.

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

사용법

frequency

High in written and formal spoken Spanish.

자주 하는 실수

Esa persona es muy perjudicial (meaning biased). → Esa persona es muy prejuiciosa.
Perjudicial means harmful, not biased.
Es perjudicial a la salud. → Es perjudicial para la salud.
The preposition 'para' is the standard choice.
Una dieta perjudiciala. → Una dieta perjudicial.
Adjectives ending in -al do not have a feminine form ending in -a.
Los efectos perjudicials. → Los efectos perjudiciales.
Plurals of words ending in consonants need -es.
Fumar causa perjudicial. → Fumar es perjudicial / Fumar causa perjuicio.
Don't use the adjective where a noun (perjuicio) is needed.

팁

Gender Invariance

Don't try to say 'perjudiciala'. Adjectives ending in -al never change for gender in Spanish.

Elevate Your Spanish

Replace 'malo' with 'perjudicial' when you are talking about health or the environment to sound more advanced.

The 'L' Sound

Make sure the 'l' at the end is 'clear'. Touch the tip of your tongue to the back of your top teeth.

Health Labels

Always look for this word on product labels in Spanish-speaking countries to know if something is dangerous.

Pairing with Verbs

Use 'resultar perjudicial' instead of 'ser perjudicial' to sound more dynamic and professional in your writing.

Pre-Judicial

Think of a 'Pre-Judicial' hearing that goes 'Harmfully' wrong for the defendant.

False Friends

Never use 'perjudicial' when you mean someone has a 'prejudice' or bias. Use 'prejuicioso' instead.

Environment

This is the standard word for 'environmentally harmful'. Use it in your eco-discussions.

The 'Para' Rule

99% of the time, 'perjudicial' is followed by 'para'. Stick to this rule to sound like a native.

Learn the Verb

The verb is 'perjudicar'. If you know 'perjudicial', you now know the verb 'to harm' too!

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Per-JUDICIAL'. A bad 'JUDGE' gives a 'JUDGMENT' that is 'PERJUDICIAL' (harmful) to the defendant.

시각적 연상

Imagine a cigarette pack with a giant skull and the word 'PERJUDICIAL' written in red across it.

Word Web

daño malo salud tabaco riesgo peligro negativo perjuicio

챌린지

Try to find three things in your house that are 'perjudiciales' and three that are 'beneficiosas' and say them out loud in Spanish.

어원

From Latin 'praeiudicialis', derived from 'praeiudicium'.

원래 의미: Originally related to a prior judgment or a preliminary examination.

Romance (Latin).

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities, but use it carefully when describing people's actions to avoid sounding overly accusatory.

English speakers often use 'harmful', but 'detrimental' is a closer match in terms of formality and structure.

Public health warnings on tobacco. Legal codes (Código Civil). Environmental protection laws.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Health

perjudicial para la salud
hábitos perjudiciales
sustancia perjudicial
efecto perjudicial

Environment

perjudicial para el ecosistema
gases perjudiciales
acción perjudicial
impacto perjudicial

Business

perjudicial para la empresa
decisión perjudicial
contrato perjudicial
competencia perjudicial

Law

prueba perjudicial
testimonio perjudicial
ley perjudicial
perjudicial para el caso

Social

rumor perjudicial
influencia perjudicial
conducta perjudicial
comentario perjudicial

대화 시작하기

"¿Crees que las redes sociales son perjudiciales para los jóvenes?"

"¿Qué hábitos consideras más perjudiciales para la salud?"

"¿Es el café perjudicial si se bebe en exceso?"

"¿Qué tipo de contaminación es más perjudicial en tu ciudad?"

"¿Crees que los videojuegos pueden ser perjudiciales?"

일기 주제

Escribe sobre un hábito perjudicial que hayas dejado y cómo te sientes ahora.

Describe una situación en la que una decisión pareció buena pero resultó perjudicial.

¿Cómo podemos reducir los efectos perjudiciales del cambio climático?

¿Crees que el estrés es el factor más perjudicial en la vida moderna? ¿Por qué?

Analiza si la tecnología es más beneficiosa o perjudicial para la educación.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, 'perjudicial' is an invariable adjective for gender. You use it for both masculine and feminine nouns. Example: 'El humo perjudicial' and 'La dieta perjudicial'.

They are very similar. 'Dañino' is often used for things that cause physical damage (like pests), while 'perjudicial' is more common for health and abstract concepts (like laws or habits).

Yes, but it sounds like you are saying the person is 'toxic' or harmful to a group or situation. Example: 'Es un empleado perjudicial' means he causes damage to the company.

In standard Spanish, 'perjudicial para' is the correct and most natural form. 'Perjudicial a' is sometimes seen in legal texts but is much less common.

Since it ends in the consonant 'l', you add 'es'. The plural is 'perjudiciales'.

Yes, it is more formal than 'malo'. You will find it in newspapers, medical labels, and professional reports.

No, that is a common mistake. 'Prejudiced' is 'prejuicioso'. 'Perjudicial' means 'harmful'.

The noun is 'perjuicio', which means 'harm' or 'damage'.

Yes, it is very common to use 'muy', 'altamente', or 'extremadamente' to intensify it.

The most common opposites are 'beneficioso' (beneficial) or 'inofensivo' (harmless).

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