B1 · 중급 챕터 8

Expressing What Must Be Done

2 총 규칙
20 예문
7 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of expressing necessity and personal will using the French subjunctive mood.

  • Command necessity using the essential phrase 'il faut que'.
  • Express formal requirements with 'il est nécessaire que'.
  • Communicate your desires and demands to others effectively.
Stop just stating facts; start making things happen.

배울 내용

Hey friend! Ready to take a huge step forward in your French journey? This chapter is where you'll really feel your language skills become super practical. Don't worry, even if subjunctive sounds a bit intimidating, I promise it's much easier than you think here! In this chapter, you'll learn exactly how to say

something must be done,
"it's important that X happens, and even I want you to do Y" in French. Specifically, you'll master: * **il faut que + subjunctive:** To express general necessity or to tell someone what *they* specifically must do. Imagine you're in France and need to remind a friend:
We *must* buy the tickets!
(il faut qu'on achète les billets!). * **il est nécessaire que + subjunctive:** For when you need to state a requirement more formally or emphatically, like in a professional setting: "It's *necessary* that we submit the report by tomorrow." (il est nécessaire qu'on rende le rapport demain.). * **il est important que + subjunctive:** To politely yet firmly emphasize priorities, such as when you want to say, "It's *important* that everyone arrives on time." (il est important que tout le monde arrive à l'heure.). * And generally, how to use the subjunctive after que to express your desires, wishes, or demands. All these structures help you convey your meaning with greater precision, and they share a common thread: the main verb after que will be in the subjunctive mood. It might seem a little unusual at first, but don't worry, with just a bit of practice, you'll get the hang of it! By the end of this chapter, you'll confidently be able to articulate what needs to happen, what's crucial to you, and what you want from others in French. You'll speak much more decisively and clearly. Ready? Let's go!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Tell a friend or colleague exactly what must be done using 'il faut que' followed by a correctly conjugated subjunctive verb.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Draft a formal email or request expressing your wishes and requirements using verbs of 'volonté'.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Hey friend! Ready to take a huge step forward in your French journey? This chapter is where you'll really feel your language skills become super practical.
For B1 French learners, mastering how to express necessity, importance, and desires is a game-changer. Don't worry, even if subjunctive sounds a bit intimidating, I promise it's much easier than you think here! This guide will demystify the French grammar behind conveying what *must* be done.
By the end of this chapter, you'll confidently be able to articulate what needs to happen, what's crucial to you, and what you want from others in French. You'll speak much more decisively and clearly, adding a layer of sophistication to your communication. We'll specifically look at structures like il faut que, il est nécessaire que, and il est important que, all of which use the subjunctive mood.
This French subjunctive usage is incredibly common and essential for natural-sounding French.
These structures help you convey your meaning with greater precision, and they share a common thread: the main verb after que will be in the subjunctive mood. It might seem a little unusual at first, but don't worry, with just a bit of practice, you'll get the hang of it! This fundamental French grammar B1 topic will elevate your ability to plan, suggest, and insist in French conversations.
Ready? Let's go!

How This Grammar Works

In this chapter, we're diving deep into how to express necessity, obligation, and importance in French, primarily using expressions that trigger the subjunctive mood. This is key for B1 French speakers looking to communicate more effectively.
First up, we have il faut que + subjunctive. This structure, covered in "French Necessity: Using 'il faut que' + Subjunctive and French Necessity: Must & Have To (il faut que)
, is incredibly versatile. It can express a general necessity, like
one must or it is necessary," or it can tell a specific person what they must do.
For example, if you need to remind a friend: Il faut qu'on achète les billets ! (We must buy the tickets!). Or, Il faut que tu fasses tes devoirs. (You must do your homework.). Notice how the verb after que (acheter, faire) is in the subjunctive.
Next, for a slightly more formal or emphatic tone, we use il est nécessaire que + subjunctive. This aligns with the "French Necessity: It's Necessary That..." rule. It's perfect for professional settings or when stating a firm requirement.
For instance: Il est nécessaire qu'on rende le rapport demain. (It's necessary that we submit the report tomorrow.).
Then, to politely yet firmly emphasize priorities, we use il est important que + subjunctive. This is detailed in
French Subjunctive: It is Important that...
and "It's Important That... (Subjunctive after 'il est important que')".
This structure is great for expressing what matters to you or for setting expectations. For example: Il est important que tout le monde arrive à l'heure. (It's important that everyone arrives on time.).
All these expressions fall under the umbrella of
French Subjunctive: Expressing Wants and Will (Subjonctif de volonté)
. They convey a desire, an obligation, or a judgment from the speaker, hence the need for the subjunctive mood. To form the present subjunctive, generally, you take the *ils* form of the present indicative, remove the -ent ending, and add the subjunctive endings: -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent.
Of course, there are irregular verbs, but the context will often guide you!

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong: *Il faut que tu vas au supermarché.*
✓ Correct: *Il faut que tu ailles au supermarché.* (You must go to the supermarket.)
*Explanation:* After expressions like il faut que, il est nécessaire que, and il est important que, the verb in the dependent clause *always* requires the subjunctive mood, not the indicative. Vas is indicative, ailles is subjunctive.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: *Il est important que nous parlons clairement.*
✓ Correct: *Il est important que nous parlions clairement.* (It is important that we speak clearly.)
*Explanation:* Even if the indicative and subjunctive forms look similar for some verbs (like *parler* in the *nous* form), it's crucial to use the correct subjunctive conjugation. For regular -er verbs, the *nous* and *vous* subjunctive endings are -ions and -iez, not -ons and -ez.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: *Il faut que prendre le train.*
✓ Correct: *Il faut prendre le train.* (One must take the train.) OR *Il faut que nous prenions le train.* (We must take the train.)
*Explanation:* Il faut + infinitive is used for a general, impersonal necessity (no specific subject). Il faut que + subjunctive is used when there's a specific subject performing the action after que. Don't mix them up!

Real Conversations

A

A

Salut ! Il faut que tu viennes avec nous ce soir. (Hi! You must come with us tonight.)
B

B

Ah oui ? Il est important que je sois là ? (Oh really? Is it important that I be there?)
A

A

Pour la réunion de demain, il est nécessaire que nous ayons tous nos documents. (For tomorrow's meeting, it is necessary that we all have our documents.)
B

B

Oui, il faut que je prépare ma présentation aussi. (Yes, I must prepare my presentation too.)
A

A

J'ai un problème. Il est important que je parle à la directrice. (I have a problem. It's important that I speak to the director.)
B

B

D'accord, il faut que tu prennes rendez-vous. (Okay, you must make an appointment.)

Quick FAQ

Q

When do I use il faut vs. il faut que?

Use il faut + infinitive for general, impersonal necessities (e.g., *Il faut manger pour vivre.* - One must eat to live). Use il faut que + subjunctive when there's a specific subject performing the action (e.g., *Il faut que tu manges.* - You must eat.).

Q

Is the subjunctive always used after que?

No, not always! The subjunctive is used after que only when the main clause expresses a doubt, a wish, a necessity, an emotion, or a judgment. If the main clause states a fact or certainty, the indicative mood is used after que.

Q

How do I know the subjunctive form of a verb?

For most regular verbs, take the *ils* form of the present indicative, remove the -ent ending, and add the subjunctive endings: -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent. Many common verbs are irregular, so memorization and practice are key!

Q

Can I use these expressions to talk about past events?

While these structures primarily trigger the present subjunctive for actions happening now or in the future, it is possible to use the *passé du subjonctif* (past subjunctive) for actions that happened in the past. However, this is a more advanced topic for B2+ learners and less common in everyday speech.

Cultural Context

These structures are incredibly common in everyday French conversation, reflecting a society that often values clear communication of expectations and desires. Il faut que is ubiquitous and can range from a gentle suggestion to a firm demand depending on tone. Il est nécessaire que adds a layer of formality or official requirement, often heard in professional or administrative contexts.
Il est important que allows for emphasizing priorities while maintaining a polite, persuasive tone. Mastering these phrases will make your French sound much more natural and allow you to navigate social and professional situations with greater confidence. There are no significant regional differences in the usage of these core grammatical patterns across French-speaking areas.

주요 예문 (2)

1

Il faut que tu finisses tes devoirs.

너 숙제 끝내야 해.

프랑스어의 필요성 표현: 'il faut que' + 접속법 사용법
2

Il faut que nous partions maintenant pour le film.

영화 보려면 우리 지금 출발해야 해.

프랑스어의 필요성 표현: 'il faut que' + 접속법 사용법

팁과 요령 (2)

💡

'Que'는 접속법의 신호!

의무를 나타내는 동사 뒤에 'que'가 보이면 머릿속에 접속법 알람을 켜세요:
Il faut que tu viennes.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어의 필요성 표현: 'il faut que' + 접속법 사용법
🎯

'Ils' 형태를 기억하세요!

접속법 어간을 찾을 땐 항상 ils 형태를 먼저 떠올리세요. ils finissent에서 -ent만 빼면 90%는 성공이에요!
Il faut que tu finisses.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어 접속법: 의지와 소망 표현하기 (Subjonctif)

핵심 어휘 (7)

il faut que it is necessary that / must vouloir que to want that souhaiter que to wish that exiger que to demand that important important nécessaire necessary prêt / prête ready

Real-World Preview

party-popper

Organizing a Surprise Party

Review Summary

  • Il faut que + [Subject] + [Subjunctive Verb]
  • [Subject 1] + [Verb of Will] + que + [Subject 2] + [Subjunctive Verb]

자주 하는 실수

Many learners accidentally use the indicative (present tense) after 'que'. 'Faire' is irregular in the subjunctive; 'fasses' is required.

Wrong: Il faut que tu fais tes devoirs.
정답: Il faut que tu fasses (subjunctive) tes devoirs.

In English, we say 'I want you to go' (Infinitive). In French, you MUST use 'que' followed by a new clause with a conjugated verb in the subjunctive.

Wrong: Je veux partir que tu.
정답: Je veux que tu partes.

For -er verbs, the 'nous' and 'vous' forms of the subjunctive look like the 'imparfait'. Don't forget that extra 'i'!

Wrong: Il est important que nous parlons.
정답: Il est important que nous parlions (subjunctive).

Next Steps

You've just tackled one of the most famous parts of French grammar. The subjunctive might seem scary, but you're handling it like a pro! Keep practicing these 'que' triggers.

Write a 'To-Do' list for a roommate using only 'Il faut que...'.

Roleplay a boss/employee scenario with a partner focusing on 'Je veux que'.

Continue to: Sharing Your Feelings and Emotions

빠른 연습 (3)

문법적으로 올바른 문장을 골라보세요.

'우리는 가야만 해'를 올바르게 표현한 것은?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il faut que nous allions.
'allions'는 'aller'의 nous 접속법 형태입니다. 'allons'는 직설법이라 틀려요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어의 필요성 표현: 'il faut que' + 접속법 사용법

'être'의 알맞은 접속법 형태를 빈칸에 채워보세요.

Il faut que tu ___ à l'heure.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: sois
'il faut que' 다음에는 접속법이 필요해요. 'tu'에 맞는 'être'의 접속법은 'sois'입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어의 필요성 표현: 'il faut que' + 접속법 사용법

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고쳐보세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

Il faut que je fait mes devoirs.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Il faut que je fasse mes devoirs.
'fait'는 직설법 현재형이에요. 'je'에 대한 'faire'의 접속법은 'fasse'입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 프랑스어의 필요성 표현: 'il faut que' + 접속법 사용법

Score: /3

자주 묻는 질문 (4)

'~하는 것이 필요하다' 또는 '누군가 ~해야 한다'라는 뜻이에요. 특정 인물에게 의무를 줄 때 써요.
Il faut que tu partes.
'devoir'도 가능하지만, 회화에서는 'il faut que'가 훨씬 더 자연스럽고 원어민들이 즐겨 써요.
Il faut que je fasse ça.
프랑스어는 영어와 구조가 완전히 달라요. 반드시 que라는 다리를 놓고 그 뒤에 새로운 주어와 접속법 동사를 써야 해요.
Je veux que tu partes
처럼 말이죠.
네, 맞아요! 특히 "J'aimerais que..."(나는 ~하면 좋겠다)처럼 소망을 나타낼 때 접속법을 아주 자주 사용한답니다.
이전 챕터
Common Irregular Verbs: Part 2
다음 챕터
Sharing Your Feelings and Emotions
로드맵으로 돌아가기